Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a laminated part, an insulating part and a frame, the insulating part is arranged on the edge of the laminated part and makes contact with the laminated part in the circumferential direction of the laminated part, in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the laminated part, a battery layer in the laminated part is located in the projection contour of the insulating part, and the edge of the laminated part is located in the frame. In the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the laminated piece, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminated piece is not smaller than 2.8 mm and not larger than 20 mm, the creepage distance can be increased so as to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and the number of the battery pieces can be increased so as to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] PV modules consist of a stacked cover, encapsulation layer, and battery layer, which converts sunlight into electricity. The battery layer's creepage distance must meet preset standards to reduce the risk of leakage and short circuits in environments like rain, dust, and salt spray.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the creepage distance of the battery layer is an important issue that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a photovoltaic module that can increase the creepage distance of the cell layer.

[0005] The present application provides a photovoltaic module comprising a laminate, an insulating member, and a frame. The laminate comprises a battery layer. Along the circumference of the laminate, the insulating member is disposed at an edge of the laminate and contacts the laminate. In a third direction, the battery layer is located within the projected outline of the insulating member. The third direction is parallel to the thickness of the photovoltaic module, and the edge of the laminate is located within the frame. In a direction perpendicular to the third direction, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is no less than 2.8 mm and no more than 20 mm.

[0006] In this application, if the distance between the cell layer and the edge of the laminate is small, the creepage distance is small, and there is a risk of the creepage distance being less than 10.4mm. If the distance between the cell layer and the edge of the laminate is large, the cell layer size is small, the number of cells is small, and the output power of the photovoltaic module is low. Therefore, the distance between the cell layer and the edge of the laminate is not less than 2.8mm and not more than 20mm. This can increase the creepage distance, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also conducive to increasing the number of cells, thereby improving the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0007] In some possible designs, in a plane perpendicular to the third direction, the laminate includes at least a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a third sidewall, and a fourth sidewall arranged along its circumference. The insulating member includes at least a first side portion, a second side portion, a third side portion, and a fourth side portion, wherein the first side portion contacts the first sidewall, the second side portion contacts the second sidewall, the third side portion contacts the third sidewall, and the fourth side portion contacts the fourth sidewall. The first side portion, the second side portion, the third side portion, and the fourth side portion are constructed as a one-piece structure.

[0008] In some possible designs, within a plane perpendicular to the third direction, the laminate includes at least a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a third sidewall, and a fourth sidewall arranged along its circumference. The insulating member includes at least a first side portion, a second side portion, a third side portion, and a fourth side portion, wherein the first side portion contacts the first sidewall, the second side portion contacts the second sidewall, the third side portion contacts the third sidewall, and the fourth side portion contacts the fourth sidewall. The first side portion, the second side portion, the third side portion, and the fourth side portion are constructed as a split structure, with splicing gaps existing between the first side portion and the second side portion, between the second side portion and the third side portion, between the third side portion and the fourth side portion, and between the fourth side portion and the first side portion.

[0009] In some possible designs, in a plane perpendicular to the third direction, the splicing gap is not parallel to the first direction, and the splicing gap is not parallel to the second direction.

[0010] In some possible designs, the minimum distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate at the joint gap is A21, 2.8mm≤A21≤11.3mm. At the joint gap, the distance between the edge of the laminate and the outer edge of the insulating member along the joint gap is A22, 0.1mm≤A22≤8.6mm.

[0011] In some possible designs, in a plane perpendicular to the third direction, the splicing gap is parallel to the first direction or the second direction.

[0012] In some possible designs, the minimum distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate at the joint gap is A31, 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm. At the joint gap, the distance between the edge of the laminate and the outer edge of the insulating member along the joint gap is A32, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm.

[0013] In some possible designs, the battery layer includes multiple battery strings and at least one busbar. The multiple battery strings are arranged along a first direction, and the busbar extends along the first direction. In a second direction, at least a portion of the busbar is located between the battery strings and the edge of the laminate, and the busbar is used to electrically connect adjacent battery strings. In the first direction, the distance between the busbar and the edge of the laminate is less than the distance between the battery strings and the edge of the laminate. The distance between the busbar and the edge of the laminate at the splicing gap is A31, where 10.5 mm ≤ A31 ≤ 15 mm.

[0014] In some possible designs, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate in the first direction is between 6 mm and 10 mm. In the second direction, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is between 8 mm and 10 mm. The first, second, and third directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0015] In some possible designs, the battery layer includes multiple battery strings and at least one busbar. The battery strings are arranged along a first direction, and the busbar extends along the first direction. In a second direction, at least a portion of the busbar is located between the battery strings and an edge of the laminate, and the busbar is used to electrically connect adjacent battery strings. In the first direction, the distance between the battery strings and the edge of the laminate is a1, where 8 mm ≤ a1 ≤ 10 mm.

[0016] In some possible designs, in the first direction, the distance between the busbar and the edge of the laminate is a2. a2<a1, 0.5 mm ≤ a1-a2 ≤ 2 mm. Alternatively, a2>a1, 1 mm ≤ a2-a1 ≤ 8 mm.

[0017] In some possible designs, the laminate further includes an encapsulation layer, at least a portion of which is located on the light-facing side of the battery layer, and / or at least a portion of which is located on the backlight side of the battery layer. The encapsulation layer includes at least a first adhesive film, and in the third direction, the projection of the splicing gap is within the projection of the first adhesive film. The first adhesive film is a waterproof film.

[0018] In some possible designs, in the first direction, the size of the first adhesive film is H1, 10 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 100 mm. In the second direction, the size of the first adhesive film is H2, 10 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 100 mm.

[0019] In some possible designs, in the third direction, the projection shape of the first adhesive film is fan-shaped, triangle-shaped, rectangular, L-shaped, or U-shaped.

[0020] In some possible designs, the battery layer includes multiple battery strings, which are arranged along a first direction. In the first direction, the number of battery strings is greater than or equal to 2. In the first direction, the distance between adjacent battery strings is L1, and 9 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 11 mm.

[0021] In some possible designs, the battery layer includes multiple battery strings, which are arranged along a second direction. In the second direction, the number of battery strings is greater than or equal to 4. In the second direction, the distance between adjacent battery strings is L2, where 0.5 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6 mm.

[0022] In some possible designs, a battery layer includes at least one battery string, which includes multiple battery cells. The number of battery cells in a battery string is N, where 8 ≤ N ≤ 24. The distance between adjacent battery cells is L3, where -0.6 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 0.8 mm.

[0023] In some possible designs, in the first direction, the size of the photovoltaic module is S1, 1700 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2400 mm. In the second direction, the size of the photovoltaic module is S2, 1100 mm ≤ S2 ≤ 1350 mm.

[0024] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the light-facing surface of a photovoltaic module provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0027] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the local structure of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in the first embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the laminate provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the battery layers provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0030] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the local structure of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in the second embodiment;

[0031] Figure 6 A partial structural cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module provided in the present application in a third embodiment;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the laminate and the insulating member in some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the battery layer position of the laminate;

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of the battery layer in some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 10 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery layer in other embodiments;

[0036] Figure 11 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the laminate and the insulating member in other embodiments;

[0037] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of battery layers at the splicing gap in FIG;

[0038] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of the battery layer in some embodiments;

[0039] Figure 14 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery layer in other embodiments;

[0040] Figure 15 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the laminate and the insulating member in some other embodiments;

[0041] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of battery layers at the splicing gap in FIG;

[0042] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A schematic structural diagram of the battery layer in some embodiments;

[0043] Figure 18 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery layer in other embodiments;

[0044] Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a laminate in some embodiments;

[0045] Figure 20 Schematic diagrams of the structures of laminates in other embodiments;

[0046] Figure 21 Schematic diagrams of the structures of laminates in some further embodiments.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 1-Laminate; 11-Cover; 111-First Cover; 112-Second Cover; 12-Encapsulation Layer; 121-First Encapsulation Layer; 122-Second Encapsulation Layer; 123-First Adhesive Film; 124-Second Adhesive Film; 13-Cellular Layer; 131-Cellular Cell; 132-Solder Ribbon; 133-Bus Bar; 14-First Side Wall; 15-Second Side Wall; 16-Third Side Wall; 17-Fourth Side Wall;

[0049] 2-frame; 21-frame body; 22-adhesive layer;

[0050] 3-insulating member; 31-first side portion; 32-second side portion; 33-third side portion; 34-fourth side portion; 35-joining gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

[0055] The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, Figure 1 FIG is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-facing surface of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a first direction X and a second direction Y. The first direction X and the second direction Y are both perpendicular to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. Exemplarily, the first direction X is the length direction of the photovoltaic module, and the second direction Y is the width direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0056] In the first direction X, the size of the photovoltaic module is S1, 1700 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2400 mm. For example, the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X can be 1700 mm, 1800 mm, 1900 mm, 2000 mm, 2100 mm, 2200 mm, 2300 mm, 2400 mm, etc.

[0057] If the size of the photovoltaic assembly in the first direction X is large, the cost and weight of the photovoltaic assembly will be large.

[0058] If the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is small, fewer cells can be arranged inside the photovoltaic module, thereby affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0059] Therefore, 1700mm≤S1≤2400mm can reduce the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X to reduce the cost and weight of the photovoltaic module, and can also increase the number of cells inside the photovoltaic module to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0060] For example, 1700 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2000 mm. The dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X may be 1700 mm, 1710 mm, 1720 mm, 1730 mm, 1740 mm, 1750 mm, 1760 mm, 1770 mm, 1780 mm, 1790 mm, 1800 mm, 1810 mm, 1820 mm, 1830 mm, 1840 mm, 1850 mm, 1860 mm, 1870 mm, 1880 mm, 1890 mm, 1900 mm, 1910 mm, 1920 mm, 1930 mm, 1940 mm, 1950 mm, 1960 mm, 1970 mm, 1980 mm, 1990 mm, 2000 mm, etc.

[0061] For example, 2000 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2200 mm. The size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X can be 2000 mm, 2010 mm, 2020 mm, 2030 mm, 2040 mm, 2050 mm, 2060 mm, 2070 mm, 2080 mm, 2090 mm, 2100 mm, 2110 mm, 2120 mm, 2130 mm, 2140 mm, 2150 mm, 2160 mm, 2170 mm, 2180 mm, 2190 mm, 2200 mm, etc.

[0062] For example, 2200 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2400 mm. The dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X may be 2200 mm, 2210 mm, 2220 mm, 2230 mm, 2240 mm, 2250 mm, 2260 mm, 2270 mm, 2280 mm, 2290 mm, 2300 mm, 2310 mm, 2320 mm, 2330 mm, 2340 mm, 2350 mm, 2360 mm, 2370 mm, 2380 mm, 2390 mm, 2400 mm, etc.

[0063] In the second direction Y, the size of the photovoltaic assembly is S2, 1100 mm ≤ S2 ≤ 1350 mm. For example, the size of the photovoltaic assembly in the second direction Y can be 1100 mm, 1150 mm, 1200 mm, 1250 mm, 1300 mm, 1350 mm, etc.

[0064] If the size of the photovoltaic assembly in the second direction Y is large, the cost and weight of the photovoltaic assembly will be large.

[0065] If the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y is small, fewer solar cells can be arranged inside the photovoltaic module, thereby affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0066] Therefore, 1100mm≤S2≤1350mm can reduce the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y to reduce the cost and weight of the photovoltaic module, and can also increase the number of cells inside the photovoltaic module to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0067] Exemplarily, 1100 mm ≤ S2 ≤ 1150 mm, and the size of the photovoltaic assembly in the second direction Y may be 1100 mm, 1110 mm, 1120 mm, 1130 mm, 1140 mm, 1150 mm, etc.

[0068] For example, 1150mm≤S2≤1250mm, and the size of the photovoltaic assembly in the second direction Y can be 1150mm, 1160mm, 1170mm, 1180mm, 1190mm, 1200mm, 1210mm, 1220mm, 1230mm, 1240mm, 1250mm, etc.

[0069] For example, 1250 mm ≤ S2 ≤ 1350 mm, and the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y may be 1250 mm, 1260 mm, 1270 mm, 1280 mm, 1290 mm, 1300 mm, 1310 mm, 1320 mm, 1330 mm, 1340 mm, 1350 mm, etc.

[0070] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a local structure of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The photovoltaic module includes a laminate 1 and a frame 2 that is clamped and fixed to the edge of the laminate 1 so that the edge of the laminate 1 is located within the frame 2. The frame 2 is used to install the laminate on objects such as the ground, buildings, and brackets. The frame 2 can also protect the edge of the laminate 1, reducing the risk of damage to the edge of the laminate 1 due to stress, thereby extending the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module further includes a third direction Z, which is parallel to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, that is, the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0072] In the plane formed by the first direction X and the third direction Z, the cross-sectional shape of the frame 2 may be C-shaped or other common frame shapes, that is, the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific structure of the frame.

[0073] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a laminate in some embodiments. Figure 3 As shown, the laminate 1 includes a cover plate 11 , a packaging layer 12 and a battery layer 13 . Along the third direction Z, the packaging layer 12 is located between the cover plate 11 and the battery layer 13 . The packaging layer 12 is used to package and fix the cover plate 11 and the battery layer 13 .

[0074] The cover plate 11 includes a first cover plate 111 and a second cover plate 112 arranged along a third direction Z, the packaging layer 12 and the battery layer 13 are located between the first cover plate 111 and the second cover plate 112, and a part of the packaging layer 12 is located between the battery layer 13 and the first cover plate 111, and another part of the packaging layer 12 is located between the battery layer 13 and the second cover plate 112, so as to realize the packaging and fixation of the cover plate 11 and the battery layer 13.

[0075] At least one of the first cover plate 111 and the second cover plate 112 is made of a light-transmitting material, which is beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0076] The material of the first cover plate 111 can be one of rigid materials such as tempered glass, PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), PC (Polycarbonate). Alternatively, the material of the first cover plate 111 can be one of flexible materials such as PVF (Polyvinyl Fluoride), ETFE (Ethylene-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene), PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride). All of the above materials have high light transmittance, which can ensure that more light is irradiated onto the battery layer, thereby increasing the light absorption of the photovoltaic module and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0077] The second cover plate 112 may be made of a rigid material such as tempered glass, PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), or PC (Polycarbonate). Alternatively, the second cover plate 112 may be made of a flexible material such as PVF (Polyvinyl Fluoride), ETFE (Ethylene-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene), or PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride).

[0078] The materials of the first cover plate 111 and the second cover plate 112 may be the same or different.

[0079] Continue to refer Figure 3 The encapsulation layer 12 includes a first encapsulation layer 121 and a second encapsulation layer 122. In the third direction Z, a portion of the structure of the first encapsulation layer 121 is located between the battery layer 13 and the first cover plate 111, and a portion of the structure of the second encapsulation layer 122 is located between the battery layer 13 and the second cover plate 112.

[0080] The material of first encapsulation layer 121 is one of polyolefins, such as EVA (Ethylene-VinylAcetate Copolymer), POE (Polyolefin Elastomer), or PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral). These materials have high light transmittance, which helps improve the photovoltaic module's photoelectric conversion efficiency. First encapsulation layer 121 can also be EPE film (EVA-POE-EVA co-extruded structure) or EP film (EVA-POE co-extruded structure).

[0081] The material of the second encapsulation layer 122 is one of polyolefins such as EVA (Ethylene-VinylAcetate Copolymer), POE (Polyolefin Elastomer), or PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral). The second encapsulation layer 122 can also be an EPE film (EVA-POE-EVA co-extruded structure) or an EP film (EVA-POE co-extruded structure).

[0082] The materials of the first encapsulation layer 121 and the second encapsulation layer 122 may be the same or different.

[0083] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. Figure 4 As shown, the battery layer 13 includes multiple battery cells 131, and two adjacent battery cells 131 are connected by welding strips 132. The welding strips 132 connect the multiple battery cells 131 in series to form a battery string. Adjacent battery strings are electrically connected through bus bars 133, so that multiple battery strings are connected in series or in parallel to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0084] The types of cell 131 include but are not limited to Passivated Emitter Rear Cell (PERC), Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCon), Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-film (HJT), Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC), perovskite cell, etc.

[0085] A PERC cell, along its thickness, consists of a front-surface silver electrode, a front-surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a phosphorus emitter layer, a P-type silicon substrate layer, a partial aluminum back field, a metal aluminum back electrode, and a back passivation layer (Al2O3 / SiNx). PERC cells use a passivation film on the back side, replacing a full aluminum back field. This enhances internal back reflection of light from the silicon substrate, reduces the back recombination rate, and increases cell efficiency by 0.5%-1%.

[0086] For TOPCon cells, along their thickness, they consist of a metallic silver electrode, a front-surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a boron-doped emitter, an N-type base silicon layer, a diffused doped layer, ultra-thin silicon oxide, doped polysilicon, silicon nitride, and a metallic silver electrode. The back of the cell is composed of an ultra-thin silicon oxide layer (1nm to 2nm) and a phosphorus-doped microcrystalline amorphous mixed Si film, which together form a passivated contact structure. This structure can block minority carrier-hole recombination, thereby increasing the cell's open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current. The ultra-thin oxide layer allows majority electrons to tunnel into the polysilicon layer while blocking minority carrier-hole recombination. The excellent passivation effect of the ultra-thin silicon oxide and heavily doped silicon film causes the energy bands on the silicon wafer to bend, thereby forming a field passivation effect. This significantly increases the probability of electron tunneling, reduces contact resistance, and increases the cell's open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current, thereby improving the cell's conversion efficiency.

[0087] For HJT cells, along their thickness direction, the HJT cells include a front low-temperature silver electrode, a front conductive film, an N-type amorphous silicon film, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, an N-type base silicon layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, a P-type amorphous silicon film, a back conductive film, and a back low-temperature silver electrode.

[0088] An IBC cell, along its thickness, consists of a silicon nitride inversion layer, an N+ front surface field, an N-type base silicon layer, a P+ emitter, an N+ back field, an aluminum oxide passivation layer, a silicon nitride anti-reflection layer, and a silver electrode. IBC cells utilize ion implantation technology to achieve uniform P and N regions with precisely controlled junction depths. The front of the cell is free of grid lines, eliminating current losses from metal electrode shading and maximizing the utilization of incident photons. This improves short-circuit current by approximately 7% compared to conventional solar cells. Due to the back-contact structure, grid line shading is not a concern, allowing for a wider grid line ratio, reducing series resistance and achieving a high fill factor. Optimized surface passivation and light-trapping structures enable a low front-surface recombination rate and surface reflection.

[0089] A perovskite cell, along its thickness, consists of a substrate material, a conductive film, an electron transport layer (titanium dioxide), a perovskite absorption layer (hole transport layer), and a metal cathode. Perovskite materials have a high light absorption coefficient and a long carrier diffusion distance. After photons absorbed by the perovskite material are converted into electrons, they are easily collected by the electrode with minimal loss. This results in a high photogenerated voltage and current, giving perovskites high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application does not impose any special limitation on the specific type of the battery cell 131 .

[0091] The battery layer includes multiple battery strings arranged along a first direction X. In the first direction X, the number of battery strings is greater than or equal to 2. Exemplarily, the number of battery strings in the first direction X can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or even more.

[0092] In the first direction X, the distance between adjacent battery strings is L1, 9 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 11 mm. For example, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the first direction X may be 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, etc.

[0093] If the distance between adjacent cell strings is small, the difficulty of arranging the cell strings increases during the preparation of photovoltaic modules, and there are risks such as cell string contact, misalignment and overlap, thereby increasing the risk of hidden cracks in the cell during the lamination process.

[0094] If the distance between adjacent battery strings is large, the number of battery strings arranged in the first direction X is reduced, thereby reducing the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0095] Therefore, 9mm≤L1≤11mm reduces the difficulty of arranging the battery strings, and also reduces the risks of battery string contact, misalignment and overlap, thereby reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic module preparation process, so as to improve the processing yield of the photovoltaic module, and can also increase the number of battery strings arranged in the first direction X, so as to improve the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0096] For example, 9 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 10 mm, and the distance between adjacent battery strings in the first direction X may be 9 mm, 9.1 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.3 mm, 9.4 mm, 9.5 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.7 mm, 9.8 mm, 9.9 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0097] For example, 10 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 11 mm, and the distance between adjacent battery strings in the first direction X may be 10 mm, 10.1 mm, 10.2 mm, 10.3 mm, 10.4 mm, 10.5 mm, 10.6 mm, 10.7 mm, 10.8 mm, 10.9 mm, 11 mm, etc.

[0098] The battery layer includes multiple battery strings arranged along the second direction Y. In the second direction Y, the number of battery strings is greater than or equal to 4. Exemplarily, the number of battery strings in the second direction Y can be 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or even more.

[0099] In the second direction Y, the distance between adjacent battery strings is L2, and 0.5 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6 mm. For example, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the second direction Y can be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, etc.

[0100] If the distance between adjacent cell strings is small, the difficulty of arranging the cell strings increases during the preparation of photovoltaic modules, and there are risks such as cell string contact, misalignment and overlap, thereby increasing the risk of hidden cracks in the cell during the lamination process.

[0101] If the distance between adjacent battery strings is large, the number of battery strings arranged in the second direction Y is reduced, thereby reducing the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0102] Therefore, 0.5mm≤L2≤1.6mm reduces the difficulty of arranging the battery strings, and also reduces the risks of battery string contact, misalignment and overlap, thereby reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the preparation process of photovoltaic modules, so as to improve the processing yield of photovoltaic modules, and can also increase the number of battery strings arranged in the second direction Y, so as to improve the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0103] Exemplarily, 0.5mm≤L2≤1mm, and the distance between adjacent battery strings in the second direction Y can be 0.5mm, 0.52mm, 0.54mm, 0.56mm, 0.58mm, 0.6mm, 0.62mm, 0.64mm, 0.66mm, 0.68mm, 0.7mm, 0.72mm, 0.74mm, 0.76mm, 0.78mm, 0.8mm, 0.82mm, 0.84mm, 0.86mm, 0.88mm, 0.9mm, 0.92mm, 0.94mm, 0.96mm, 0.98mm, 1mm, etc.

[0104] Exemplarily, 1mm≤L2≤1.6mm, and the distance between adjacent battery strings in the second direction Y can be 1mm, 1.02mm, 1.04mm, 1.06mm, 1.08mm, 1.1mm, 1.12mm, 0.64mm, 1.16mm, 1.18mm, 1.2mm, 1.22mm, 1.24mm, 1.26mm, 1.28mm, 1.3mm, 1.32mm, 1.34mm, 1.36mm, 1.38mm, 1.4mm, 1.42mm, 1.44mm, 1.46mm, 1.48mm, 1.5mm, 1.52mm, 1.54mm, 1.56mm, 1.58mm, 1.6mm, etc.

[0105] The battery layer includes at least one battery string, each battery string includes a plurality of battery cells, and the number of battery cells included in a battery string is N, where 8≤N≤24. For example, the number of battery cells included in a battery string may be 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24.

[0106] If a battery string contains a small number of cells, more battery strings are required to achieve the required power output, which increases the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0107] If a battery string contains a large number of battery cells, the voltage and temperature of the battery string will be higher, making heat dissipation more difficult.

[0108] Therefore, 8≤N≤24 can reduce the number of battery strings to reduce the cost of photovoltaic modules, and can also reduce the voltage and temperature of the battery strings to reduce the heat dissipation difficulty of photovoltaic modules.

[0109] In a battery string, the distance between adjacent battery cells is L3, where -0.6mm≤L3≤0.8mm. For example, the distance between adjacent battery cells can be -0.6mm, -0.5mm, -0.4mm, -0.3mm, -0.2mm, -0.1mm, 0mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, etc.

[0110] If the distance between adjacent battery cells is small, there is a risk of battery cell shading leading to reduced output power and increased local temperature.

[0111] If the distance between adjacent solar cells is large, the number of solar cells needs to be reduced, which will also affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0112] Therefore, -0.6mm≤L3≤0.8mm can reduce the risk of reduced output power and increased local temperature due to cell shading, and can also increase the number of cell settings to improve the output power of photovoltaic modules.

[0113] For example, -0.6mm≤L3≤0mm, and the distance between adjacent battery cells can be -0.6mm, -0.55mm, -0.5mm, -0.45mm, -0.4mm, -0.35mm, -0.3mm, -0.25mm, -0.2mm, -0.15mm, -0.1mm, -0.05mm, 0mm, etc.

[0114] Exemplarily, 0mm≤L3≤0.8mm, the distance between adjacent battery cells can be 0mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, etc.

[0115] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the local structure of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in some embodiments. Figure 5 As shown, the frame 2 includes a frame body 21 and an adhesive layer 22 . The adhesive layer 22 is located between the frame body 21 and the laminate 1 . The adhesive layer 22 is used to achieve bonding and fixing of the frame body 21 and the laminate 1 .

[0116] The creepage distance of a photovoltaic module is the shortest path between two conductive components, or between a conductive component and the protective interface of the equipment, measured along the insulating surface. Creepage distance is a key factor in evaluating the performance of photovoltaic modules. Insufficient creepage distance can easily cause tracking or arcing, which can affect the cell performance and safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0117] According to IEC standards, the system voltage and minimum creepage distance of PV modules must meet a certain correspondence. For example, when the system voltage of the PV module is 1500V and the pollution degree is 1, the minimum creepage distance of the PV module is 10.4mm, that is, the creepage distance should be greater than 10.4mm.

[0118] In such Figure 5 In the photovoltaic module shown in FIG, the creepage distance W1 of the photovoltaic module refers to the shortest straight-line distance between the cell layer 13 and the frame 2 in a plane perpendicular to the third direction Z. For example, Figure 5 As shown, the creepage distance W1 can be understood as the shortest straight-line distance between the battery layer 13 and the outer edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X, that is, W1 needs to be equal to or greater than 10.4 mm.

[0119] based on Figure 5 For the structure shown, if one wants to further increase the creepage distance W1, it is necessary to increase the distance between the battery layer 13 and the frame 2 in the first direction X, that is, to increase the distance between the battery layer 13 and the outer edge of the laminate 1 .

[0120] When the overall size of the photovoltaic module is a predetermined value, the number of cells included in the cell layer 13 will be reduced, thereby reducing the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0121] When the output power of the photovoltaic module and the number of cells included in the cell layer 13 are set to certain values, the overall size of the photovoltaic module will increase.

[0122] Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the structure of the photovoltaic module to balance the relationship between the creepage distance and the number of cells and the overall size of the photovoltaic module.

[0123] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the local structure of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in some embodiments. Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes an insulating member 3, which is located between the frame 2 and the laminate 1, that is, the insulating member 3 is arranged at the edge of the laminate 1 and in contact with the laminate 1, and in the direction perpendicular to the third direction Z, the battery layer 13 is located within the projected outline of the insulating member 3.

[0124] At this point, the photovoltaic module assembly process is as follows:

[0125] S1: Attach the insulating member 3 to the edge of the laminate 1.

[0126] S2: Filling the frame body 21 with connecting glue to form an adhesive layer 22 .

[0127] S3: Place the edge of the laminate 1 into the frame 2 so that at least part of the structure of the insulating member 3 is located inside the frame 2 , thereby clamping and fixing the frame 2 on the edge of the insulating member 3 .

[0128] Among them, the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the order of step S1 and step S2. Step S1 can be performed first and then step S2, or step S2 can be performed first and then step S1, or step S1 and step S2 can be performed simultaneously.

[0129] like Figure 6 As shown, in the first direction X, the straight-line distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating member 3 is a, and in the third direction Z, the straight-line distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating member 3 is b. The size of the portion of the laminate 1 blocked by the insulating member 3 in the third direction Z in the first direction X is c.

[0130] In this embodiment, an insulating member 3 is provided between the frame 2 and the laminate 1 so that the creepage distance W can be a+b+c, that is, in some cases, W=a+b+c, which is beneficial to improving the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0131] In addition, in a direction perpendicular to the third direction Z, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm. For example, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate may be 2.8 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.8 mm, 5.8 mm, 6.8 mm, 7.8 mm, 8.8 mm, 9.8 mm, 10.8 mm, 11.8 mm, 12.8 mm, 13.8 mm, 14.8 mm, 15.8 mm, 16.8 mm, 17.8 mm, 18.8 mm, 19.8 mm, 20 mm, etc.

[0132] If the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is small, the creepage distance is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4 mm.

[0133] If the distance between the cell layer and the edge of the laminate is large, the cell layer size will be smaller and the number of cells will be smaller, which will result in lower output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0134] Therefore, the distance between the cell layer and the edge of the laminate is not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm, which can increase the creepage distance to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module and is also beneficial to increase the number of cells to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0135] The following describes in detail the arrangement of the battery layers in combination with several structures of insulating components.

[0136] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the laminate and the insulating member in some embodiments, Figure 7 The outer edges of the laminate are indicated by dashed lines. Figure 7 As shown, in a plane perpendicular to the third direction Z, the laminate 1 comprises at least a first side wall 14, a second side wall 15, a third side wall 16 and a fourth side wall 17 arranged along its circumference. Figure 7 As shown, the insulating member 3 includes at least a first side portion 31, a second side portion 32, a third side portion 33 and a fourth side portion 34, the first side portion 31 contacts the first side wall 14, the second side portion 32 contacts the second side wall 15, the third side portion 33 contacts the third side wall 16, and the fourth side portion 34 contacts the fourth side wall 17.

[0137] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 As shown, the first side portion 31 , the second side portion 32 , the third side portion 33 and the fourth side portion 34 are constructed as an integrated structure.

[0138] During the assembly of photovoltaic modules, one end of the entire insulating member 3 is attached to the edge of the laminate 1, and the insulating member 3 is pulled around the laminate 1 along the edge of the laminate 1 to complete the attachment of the insulating member 3 to the surface of the laminate 1, thereby reducing the difficulty of attachment.

[0139] based on Figure 7 The structure shown, Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the battery layer position of the laminate, Figure 8 The outer edge of the battery layer is indicated by a dotted line. Figure 8 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is between 6 mm and 10 mm. The distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is recorded as A11, and then 6 mm ≤ A11 ≤ 10 mm. In the second direction Y, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is between 8 mm and 10 mm. The distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate in the second direction Y is recorded as A12, and then 8 mm ≤ A12 ≤ 10 mm.

[0140] A11 and A12 may be equal or unequal.

[0141] Illustratively, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.8 mm, 9 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.4 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.8 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0142] If the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is small, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating member is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4 mm.

[0143] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is large, the size of the cell layer 13 in the first direction X is small, that is, the number of cells is small, which will affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0144] Therefore, 6mm≤A11≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also beneficial to increase the number of cells arranged in the first direction X, so as to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0145] Illustratively, 6 mm ≤ A11 ≤ 7 mm, and the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6 mm, 6.1 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.3 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.7 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.9 mm, 7 mm, etc.

[0146] Exemplarily, 7 mm ≤ A11 ≤ 8 mm, and the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 7 mm, 7.1 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.3 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.9 mm, 8 mm, etc.

[0147] Illustratively, 8mm≤A11≤9mm, and the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0148] Illustratively, 9 mm ≤ A11 ≤ 10 mm, and the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 9 mm, 9.1 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.3 mm, 9.4 mm, 9.5 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.7 mm, 9.8 mm, 9.9 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0149] The distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.8 mm, 9 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.4 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.8 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0150] If the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is small, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating member is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4 mm.

[0151] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is large, the size of the cell layer 13 in the second direction Y is small, that is, the number of cells is small, which will affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0152] Therefore, 8mm≤A12≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also beneficial to increase the number of cells arranged in the second direction Y to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0153] Exemplarily, 8mm≤A12≤9mm, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0154] Exemplarily, 9mm≤A12≤10mm, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0155] based on Figure 8 The structure shown, Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. Figure 9 As shown, the battery layer 13 includes a plurality of battery cells 131 and at least one bus bar 133. The plurality of battery cells 131 are arranged along a first direction X and connected to form a battery string. The bus bar 133 extends along the first direction X. In a second direction Y, at least a portion of the bus bar 133 is located between the battery string and an edge of the laminate 1. The bus bar 133 is used to electrically connect adjacent battery strings.

[0156] In the first direction X, the distance a1 between the outermost cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 is 8 mm ≤ a1 ≤ 10 mm. For example, the distance a1 between the outermost cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.8 mm, 9 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.4 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.8 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0157] 8mm≤a1≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules to improve the performance of photovoltaic modules, and is also beneficial to increase the number of solar cells to increase the output power of photovoltaic modules.

[0158] Illustratively, 8mm≤a1≤9mm, the distance a1 between the outermost cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0159] Illustratively, 9mm≤a1≤10mm, the distance a1 between the outermost cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0160] like Figure 9 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the bus bar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a2. In some embodiments, a2<a1, in this case, a2=A11, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm. For example, a1-a2 can be equal to 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm, 0.95mm, 1mm, 1.05mm, 1.1mm, 1.15mm, 1.2mm, 1.25mm, 1.3mm, 1.35mm, 1.4mm, 1.45mm, 1.5mm, 1.55mm, 1.6mm, 1.65mm, 1.7mm, 1.75mm, 1.8mm, 1.85mm, 1.9mm, 1.95mm, 2mm, etc.

[0161] If a1 - a2 is smaller, the length of the busbar 133 is longer, the cost of the busbar 133 is higher, and the distance between the busbar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 is closer, so the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module is smaller.

[0162] If a1-a2 is large, the length of the bus bar 133 is small, the current transmission capability of the bus bar 133 is poor, and the risk of low output power of the photovoltaic module is high.

[0163] Therefore, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm can reduce the cost of the busbar 133 and increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module. It can also increase the current transmission capacity of the busbar 133 to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0164] Illustratively, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤1mm, a1-a2 can be equal to 0.5mm, 0.52mm, 0.54mm, 0.56mm, 0.58mm, 0.6mm, 0.62mm, 0.64mm, 0.66mm, 0.68mm, 0.7mm, 0.72mm, 0.74mm, 0.76mm, 0.78mm, 0.8mm, 0.82mm, 0.84mm, 0.86mm, 0.88mm, 0.9mm, 0.92mm, 0.94mm, 0.96mm, 0.98mm, 1mm, etc.

[0165] Exemplarily, 1mm≤a1-a2≤1.5mm, a1-a2 can be equal to 1mm, 1.02mm, 1.04mm, 1.06mm, 1.08mm, 1.1mm, 1.12mm, 1.14mm, 1.16mm, 1.18mm, 1.2mm, 1.22mm, 1.24mm, 1.26mm, 1.28mm, 1.3mm, 1.32mm, 1.34mm, 1.36mm, 1.38mm, 1.4mm, 1.42mm, 1.44mm, 1.46mm, 1.48mm, 1.5mm, etc.

[0166] Exemplarily, 1.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm, a1-a2 can be equal to 1.5mm, 1.52mm, 1.54mm, 1.56mm, 1.58mm, 1.6mm, 1.62mm, 1.64mm, 1.66mm, 1.68mm, 1.7mm, 1.72mm, 1.74mm, 1.76mm, 1.78mm, 1.8mm, 1.82mm, 1.84mm, 1.86mm, 1.88mm, 1.9mm, 1.92mm, 1.94mm, 1.96mm, 1.98mm, 2mm, etc.

[0167] In other embodiments, Figure 10 As shown, a2>a1, in this case, a1=A11, 1mm≤a2-a1≤8mm. For example, a2-a1 can be equal to 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, etc.

[0168] If a2-a1 is smaller, then A21 is smaller, which makes the creepage distance of the PV module smaller.

[0169] If a2 - a1 is larger, the length of the bus bar 133 is smaller, the current transmission capability of the bus bar 133 is poorer, and the risk of lower output power of the photovoltaic module is higher.

[0170] Therefore, 1mm≤a2-a1≤8mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and can also increase the current transmission capacity of the busbar 133 to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0171] Illustratively, 1mm≤a2-a1≤5mm, a2-a1 can be equal to 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc.

[0172] Illustratively, 5mm≤a2-a1≤8mm, a2-a1 can be equal to 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, etc.

[0173] Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the laminate and the insulating member in some other embodiments. Figure 11 As shown, the first side portion 31, the second side portion 32, the third side portion 33 and the fourth side portion 34 are constructed as a split structure, and there are splicing gaps 35 between the first side portion 31 and the second side portion 32, between the second side portion 32 and the third side portion 33, between the third side portion 33 and the fourth side portion 34, and between the fourth side portion 34 and the first side portion 31.

[0174] The splicing gap 35 may be parallel to the first direction X, or parallel to the second direction Y, or may have an angle with both the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0175] Figure 11 The example shows that the extending direction of the splicing gap 35 and the first direction X and the second direction Y both have an included angle of 45°.

[0176] During the photovoltaic module assembly process, the insulating member 3 may be cut into four pieces with a 45° angle according to a preset size, and then the four pieces may be attached to the four side walls of the laminate 1 respectively.

[0177] Alternatively, first, the entire insulating member 3 is affixed to a first side wall 14 of the laminate 1, and then the insulating member 3 is cut off, and then the remaining insulating member 3 is affixed to the second side wall 15 of the laminate 1, and then the insulating member 3 is cut off, and then the remaining insulating member 3 is affixed to the third side wall 16 of the laminate 1, and then the insulating member 3 is cut off again, and then the remaining insulating member 3 is affixed to the fourth side wall 17 of the laminate 1, completing the affixing of the insulating member 3 on the four side walls of the laminate 1.

[0178] In this embodiment, the insulating member 3 is first cut into four parts of specific sizes and specific angles, and then respectively adhered to the four side walls of the laminate 1, thereby reducing the risk of wrinkles on the insulating member 3 at the corners of the laminate 1 and improving the flatness of the insulating member 3 on the surface of the laminate 1.

[0179] based on Figure 11 The structure shown, Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of battery layers at the splicing gap. Figure 12 In the figure, the outer edge of the laminate is indicated by a "dashed line" and the outer edge of the battery layer is indicated by a "short line-dot". Figure 12 As shown, the minimum distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 is A21, and at the splicing gap 35, the distance between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 is A22.

[0180] Please also refer to Figure 6 and Figure 12 When A21+A22≤a+b+c, the creepage distance of the PV module is W=A21+A22. In this case, 2.8mm≤A21≤11.3mm, and 0.1mm≤A22≤8.6mm.

[0181] The minimum distance A21 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.3mm, 3.6mm, 3.9mm, 4mm, 4.3mm, 4.6mm, 4.9mm, 5mm, 5.3mm, 5.6mm, 5.9mm, 6mm, 6.3mm, 6.6mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.3mm, 7.6mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, 8.3mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.3mm, 9.6mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, 10.3mm, 10.6mm, 10.9mm, 11mm, 11.3mm, etc.

[0182] If A21 is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4 mm, affecting the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0183] If A21 is larger, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is larger, and the battery layer 13 contains fewer battery cells, which affects the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0184] Therefore, 2.8mm≤A21≤11.3mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also beneficial to increase the number of solar cells to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0185] Exemplarily, 2.8mm≤A21≤5.3mm, the minimum distance A21 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3mm, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm, 3.9mm, 4mm, 4.1mm, 4.2mm, 4.3mm, 4.4mm, 4.5mm, 4.6mm, 4.7mm, 4.8mm, 4.9mm, 5mm, 5.1mm, 5.2mm, 5.3mm, etc.

[0186] Exemplarily, 5.3mm≤A21≤8.3mm, the minimum distance A21 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 5.3mm, 5.4mm, 5.5mm, 5.6mm, 5.7mm, 5.8mm, 5.9mm, 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, etc.

[0187] Exemplarily, 8.3mm≤A21≤11.3mm, the minimum distance A21 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, 10.1mm, 10.2mm, 10.3mm, 10.4mm, 10.5mm, 10.6mm, 10.7mm, 10.8mm, 10.9mm, 11mm, 11.1mm, 11.2mm, 11.3mm, etc.

[0188] At the splicing gap 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.1mm, 0.6mm, 1.1mm, 1.6mm, 2.1mm, 2.6mm, 3.1mm, 3.6mm, 4.1mm, 4.6mm, 5.1mm, 5.6mm, 6.1mm, 6.6mm, 7.1mm, 7.6mm, 8.1mm, 8.6mm, etc.

[0189] If A22 is too small, the creepage distance W of the PV module is too small, potentially reducing the creepage distance to less than 10.4 mm, affecting the module's performance. Furthermore, if A22 is too small, the thickness of the insulating component 3 is too thin, making it more difficult to manufacture and increasing the risk of damage during processing, installation, and transportation. This means that the structural strength of the insulating component 3 is poor.

[0190] If A22 is larger, the thickness of the insulating member 3 is larger and the cost of the insulating member 3 is higher.

[0191] Therefore, 0.1mm≤A22≤8.6mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module, improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, improve the structural strength of the insulating part 3, and reduce the cost of the insulating part 3, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0192] Exemplarily, 0.1mm≤A22≤2.6mm, at the splicing gap 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, etc.

[0193] For example, 2.6mm≤A22≤4.6mm. At the splicing gap 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3.0, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm, 3.9mm, 4.0mm, 4.1mm, 4.2mm, 4.3mm, 4.4mm, 4.5mm, 4.6mm, etc.

[0194] For example, 4.6mm≤A22≤6.6mm. At the splicing gap 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 4.6mm, 4.7mm, 4.8mm, 4.9mm, 5.0, 5.1mm, 5.2mm, 5.3mm, 5.4mm, 5.5mm, 5.6mm, 5.7mm, 5.8mm, 5.9mm, 6.0mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, etc.

[0195] For example, 6.6mm≤A22≤8.6mm. At the splicing gap 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7.0, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8.0mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, etc.

[0196] Continue to refer Figure 12 In the first direction X, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A23, 6mm≤A23≤10mm, and in the second direction Y, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A24, 8mm≤A24≤10mm.

[0197] For example, the distance A23 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X may be 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0198] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4 mm, affecting the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0199] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is large, the cell layer 13 includes fewer cells, which affects the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0200] Therefore, 6mm≤A23≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also beneficial to increase the number of solar cells to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0201] Exemplarily, 6mm≤A23≤8mm, the distance A23 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, etc.

[0202] Exemplarily, 8mm≤A23≤10mm, the distance A23 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0203] The distance A24 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y may be 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0204] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4 mm, affecting the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0205] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is large, the cell layer 13 includes fewer cells, which affects the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0206] Therefore, 8mm≤A24≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also beneficial to increase the number of solar cells to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0207] Illustratively, 8mm≤A24≤9mm, and the distance A24 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8.0mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9.0mm, etc.

[0208] Illustratively, 9mm≤A24≤10mm, and the distance A24 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 9.0mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10.0mm, etc.

[0209] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. Figure 13 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the outermost cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a1, 8mm≤a1≤10mm.

[0210] like Figure 13As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the bus bar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a2. In some embodiments, a2<a1. In this case, a2=A23, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm.

[0211] In other embodiments, Figure 14 As shown, a2>a1, at this time, a1=A23, 1mm≤a2-a1≤8mm.

[0212] Figure 15 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the laminate and the insulating member in some other embodiments. Figure 15 As shown, the splicing gap 35 is parallel to the first direction X or the second direction Y. Figure 15 The splicing gap 35 is parallel to the first direction X in the example.

[0213] At this time, the insulating member 3 is attached to the edge of the laminate 1 in the same manner as Figure 15 The coating method of the structure shown is the same and will not be described here.

[0214] based on Figure 15 The structure shown, Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of battery layers at the joint gap. Figure 16 As shown, the minimum distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 is A31, and at the splicing gap 35, the distance between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 is A32.

[0215] Please also refer to Figure 6 and Figure 16 When A31+A32≤a+b+c, the creepage distance of the PV module is W=A31+A32. In this case, 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm, and 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm.

[0216] The minimum distance A31 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 10.5mm, 11mm, 11.5mm, 12mm, 12.5mm, 13mm, 13.5mm, 14mm, 14.5mm, 15mm, 15.5mm, 16mm, 16.5mm, 17mm, 17.5mm, 18mm, 18.5mm, 19mm, 19.5mm, 20mm, etc.

[0217] If A31 is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4 mm, affecting the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0218] If A31 is larger, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is larger, and the battery layer 13 contains fewer battery cells, which affects the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0219] Therefore, 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also beneficial to increase the number of solar cells to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0220] For example, 10.5 mm ≤ A31 ≤ 15 mm, and the minimum distance A31 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 10.5 mm, 10.6 mm, 10.7 mm, 10.8 mm, 10.9 mm, 11.0 mm, 11.1 mm, 11.2 mm, 11.3 mm, 11.4 mm, 11.5 mm, 11.6 mm, 11.7 mm, 11.8 mm, 11.9 mm, 12.0 mm, 12.1 mm, 12.2 mm, 12.3 mm, 12.4 mm, 12.6 mm, 12.7 mm, 12.8 mm, 12.9 mm, 13.0 mm, 13.1 mm, 13.2 mm, 13.3 mm, 13.4 mm, 13.5 mm, 13.6 mm, 13.7 mm, 13.8 mm, 13.9 mm, 14.0 mm, 14.1 mm, 14.2 mm, 14.3 mm, 14.4 mm, 14.5 mm, 14.6 mm, 14.7 mm, 14.8 mm, 14.9 mm, 15.1 mm, 15. .4mm, 12.5mm, 12.6mm, 12.7mm, 12.8mm, 12.9mm, 13.0mm, 13.1mm, 13.2mm, 13.3mm, 13.4mm, 13.5mm, 13.6mm, 13.7m m, 13.8mm, 13.9mm, 14.0mm, 14.1mm, 14.2mm, 14.3mm, 14.4mm, 14.5mm, 14.6mm, 14.7mm, 14.8mm, 14.9mm, 15.0mm, etc.

[0221] For example, 15 mm ≤ A31 ≤ 20 mm, the minimum distance A31 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 15.0 mm, 15.1 mm, 15.2 mm, 15.3 mm, 15.4 mm, 15.5 mm, 15.6 mm, 15.7 mm, 15.8 mm, 15.9 mm, 16.0 mm, 16.1 mm, 16.2 mm, 16.3 mm, 16.4 mm, 16.5 mm, 16.6 mm, 16.7 mm, 16.8 mm, 16.9 mm, 17.0 mm, 17.1 mm , 17.2mm, 17.3mm, 17.4mm, 17.5mm, 17.6mm, 17.7mm, 17.8mm, 17.9mm, 18.0mm, 18.1mm, 18.2mm, 18.3mm, 18.4mm, 18.5mm, 18. 6mm, 18.7mm, 18.8mm, 18.9mm, 19.0mm, 19.1mm, 19.2mm, 19.3mm, 19.4mm, 19.5mm, 19.6mm, 19.7mm, 19.8mm, 19.9mm, 20.0mm, etc.

[0222] At the splicing gap 35, the distance A32 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.3mm, 0.32mm, 0.34mm, 0.36mm, 0.38mm, 0.4mm, 0.42mm, 0.44mm, 0.46mm, 0.48mm, 0.5mm, etc.

[0223] If A32 is too small, the creepage distance W of the PV module is too small, potentially reducing the creepage distance to less than 10.4 mm, affecting the module's performance. Furthermore, if A32 is too small, the thickness of the insulating component 3 is too thin, making it more difficult to manufacture and increasing the risk of damage during processing, installation, and transportation. This means that the structural strength of the insulating component 3 is poor.

[0224] If A32 is larger, the thickness of the insulating member 3 is larger and the cost of the insulating member 3 is higher.

[0225] Therefore, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module, improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, improve the structural strength of the insulating part 3, and reduce the cost of the insulating part 3, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0226] Exemplarily, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.4mm, at the splicing gap 35, the distance A32 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.3mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm, 0.34mm, 0.35mm, 0.36mm, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, 0.4mm, etc.

[0227] Exemplarily, 0.4mm≤A32≤0.5mm. At the splicing gap 35, the distance A32 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.4mm, 0.41mm, 0.42mm, 0.43mm, 0.44mm, 0.45mm, 0.46mm, 0.47mm, 0.48mm, 0.49mm, 0.5mm, etc.

[0228] Continue to refer Figure 16 In the first direction X, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A33, 6mm≤A33≤10mm, and in the second direction Y, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A34, 8mm≤A34≤10mm.

[0229] For example, the distance A33 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X may be 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0230] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4 mm, affecting the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0231] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is large, the cell layer 13 includes fewer cells, which affects the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0232] Therefore, 6mm≤A33≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules to improve the performance of photovoltaic modules, and is also beneficial to increase the number of solar cells to increase the output power of photovoltaic modules.

[0233] Exemplarily, 6mm≤A33≤8mm, the distance A33 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, etc.

[0234] Exemplarily, 8mm≤A33≤10mm, the distance A33 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0235] The distance A34 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.8 mm, 9 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.4 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.8 mm, 10 mm, etc.

[0236] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4 mm, affecting the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0237] If the distance between the cell layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is large, the cell layer 13 includes fewer cells, which affects the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0238] Therefore, 8mm≤A34≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, and is also beneficial to increase the number of solar cells to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0239] Exemplarily, 8mm≤A34≤9mm, the distance A34 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0240] Exemplarily, 9mm≤A34≤10mm, and the distance A34 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0241] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. Figure 17 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the outermost cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a1, and the distance between the bus bar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a2. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. Figure 17 As shown, a2<a1, at this time, a2=A33, the distance between the bus bar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 is A31, 10.5mm≤A31≤15mm.

[0242] Among them, a2<a1, and 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm, at this time, a1=A33.

[0243] Figure 18 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. Figure 18 As shown, a2>a1, 1mm≤a2-a1≤8mm.

[0244] Figure 19 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laminate in some embodiments. Figure 19 As shown, the encapsulation layer 12 includes at least a first adhesive film 123. In the thickness direction Z of the laminate, the projection of the splicing gap is located within the projection range of the first adhesive film 123. The first adhesive film 123 is a waterproof adhesive film. Exemplarily, the first adhesive film 123 is butyl adhesive.

[0245] In this embodiment, a waterproof film is provided below the splicing gap, which can reduce the risk of external water vapor entering the interior of the laminate through the splicing gap, thereby reducing the risk of water vapor invading the battery cell and causing battery cell aging, short circuit, etc., thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module and increasing the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0246] like Figure 19 As shown, the packaging layer 12 further includes a second adhesive film 124 . The first adhesive film 123 is at least located at the joint gap, and the rest of the locations may use the second adhesive film 124 without waterproof function to reduce the cost of the packaging layer 12 .

[0247] The projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 in the third direction Z may be a fan shape, a triangle, a rectangle, an L shape, a U-shape or other shapes. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the shape of the first adhesive film 123 .

[0248] Figure 19 It is illustrated that the projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 in the third direction Z is a rectangle.

[0249] Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a laminate in some other embodiments, Figure 19 It is illustrated that the projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 in the third direction Z is L-shaped.

[0250] Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a laminate in some further embodiments, Figure 21 It is illustrated that the projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 in the third direction Z is a U-shape.

[0251] Reference again Figure 19 In the first direction X, the size of the first adhesive film 123 is H1, 10mm≤H1≤100mm. Exemplarily, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X can be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, etc.

[0252] If the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X is small, the first adhesive film 123 has a poor shielding effect on the splicing gap, and the risk of water vapor intruding into the laminate is high.

[0253] If the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X is large, the material cost of the first adhesive film 123 is high.

[0254] Therefore, 10mm≤H1≤100mm can enhance the shielding effect of the first adhesive film 123 on the splicing gap, thereby reducing the risk of water vapor intrusion into the laminate, thereby reducing the risk of cell aging, short circuit, etc., thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module, increasing the service life of the photovoltaic module, and reducing the material cost of the first adhesive film 123, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0255] Exemplarily, 10mm≤H1≤50mm, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X can be 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 26mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 36mm, 38mm, 40mm, 42mm, 44mm, 46mm, 48mm, 50mm, etc.

[0256] Exemplarily, 50mm≤H1≤100mm, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X can be 50mm, 52mm, 54mm, 56mm, 58mm, 60mm, 62mm, 64mm, 66mm, 68mm, 70mm, 72mm, 74mm, 76mm, 78mm, 80mm, 82mm, 84mm, 86mm, 88mm, 90mm, 92mm, 94mm, 96mm, 98mm, 100mm, etc.

[0257] In the second direction Y, the size of the first adhesive film is H2, 10mm≤H2≤100mm. For example, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y can be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, etc.

[0258] If the dimension of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y is small, the shielding effect of the first adhesive film 123 on the splicing gap is poor, and the risk of water vapor intrusion into the laminate is high.

[0259] If the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y is larger, the material cost of the first adhesive film 123 is higher.

[0260] Therefore, 10mm≤H2≤100mm can enhance the shielding effect of the first adhesive film 123 on the splicing gap, thereby reducing the risk of water vapor intrusion into the laminate, thereby reducing the risk of cell aging, short circuit, etc., thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module, increasing the service life of the photovoltaic module, and reducing the material cost of the first adhesive film 123, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0261] Exemplarily, 10mm≤H2≤50mm, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y can be 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 26mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 36mm, 38mm, 40mm, 42mm, 44mm, 46mm, 48mm, 50mm, etc.

[0262] Exemplarily, 50mm≤H2≤100mm, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y can be 50mm, 52mm, 54mm, 56mm, 58mm, 60mm, 62mm, 64mm, 66mm, 68mm, 70mm, 72mm, 74mm, 76mm, 78mm, 80mm, 82mm, 84mm, 86mm, 88mm, 90mm, 92mm, 94mm, 96mm, 98mm, 100mm, etc.

[0263] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises: A laminate (1), the laminate (1) comprising a battery layer (13); an insulating member (3), arranged at an edge of the laminate (1) along the circumference of the laminate (1) and in contact with the laminate (1), wherein the cell layer (13) is located within a projection outline of the insulating member (3) in a direction perpendicular to a third direction (Z), and wherein the third direction (Z) is parallel to a thickness direction of the photovoltaic module; a frame (2), wherein the edge of the laminate (1) is located within the frame (2); In a direction perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the distance between the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) is not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the laminate (1) comprises at least a first side wall (14), a second side wall (15), a third side wall (16) and a fourth side wall (17) arranged along its circumference; The insulating member (3) comprises at least a first side portion (31), a second side portion (32), a third side portion (33) and a fourth side portion (34), wherein the first side portion (31) contacts the first side wall (14), the second side portion (32) contacts the second side wall (15), the third side portion (33) contacts the third side wall (16), and the fourth side portion (34) contacts the fourth side wall (17); The first side portion (31), the second side portion (32), the third side portion (33) and the fourth side portion (34) are constructed as an integrated structure.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the laminate (1) comprises at least a first side wall (14), a second side wall (15), a third side wall (16) and a fourth side wall (17) arranged along its circumference; The insulating member (3) comprises at least a first side portion (31), a second side portion (32), a third side portion (33) and a fourth side portion (34), wherein the first side portion (31) contacts the first side wall (14), the second side portion (32) contacts the second side wall (15), the third side portion (33) contacts the third side wall (16), and the fourth side portion (34) contacts the fourth side wall (17); The first side portion (31), the second side portion (32), the third side portion (33) and the fourth side portion (34) are constructed as a split structure, and there are splicing gaps (35) between the first side portion (31) and the second side portion (32), between the second side portion (32) and the third side portion (33), between the third side portion (33) and the fourth side portion (34), and between the fourth side portion (34) and the first side portion (31).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the splicing gap (35) is not parallel to the first direction (X), and the splicing gap (35) is not parallel to the second direction (Y).

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) at the splicing gap (35) is A21, 2.8mm≤A21≤11.3mm; At the splicing gap (35), the distance between the edge of the laminate (1) and the outer edge of the insulating member (3) along the splicing gap (35) is A22, 0.1 mm ≤ A22 ≤ 8.6 mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the splicing gap (35) is parallel to the first direction (X) or the second direction (Y).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) at the splicing gap (35) is A31, 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm; At the splicing gap (35), the distance between the edge of the laminate (1) and the outer edge of the insulating member (3) along the splicing gap (35) is A32, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings and at least one bus bar (133), the plurality of battery strings are arranged along the first direction (X), and the bus bar (133) extends along the first direction (X); In the second direction (Y), at least part of the bus bar (133) is located between the battery string and the edge of the laminate (1), and the bus bar (133) is used to electrically connect adjacent battery strings; In the first direction (X), the distance between the bus bar (133) and the edge of the laminate (1) is smaller than the distance between the battery string and the edge of the laminate (1); The distance between the busbar (133) and the edge of the laminate (1) at the splicing gap (35) is A31, 10.5mm≤A31≤15mm.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: In a first direction (X), the distance between the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) is between 6 mm and 10 mm; In the second direction (Y), the distance between the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) is between 8 mm and 10 mm; The first direction (X), the second direction (Y) and the third direction (Z) are perpendicular to each other.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings and at least one bus bar (133), the plurality of battery strings are arranged along the first direction (X), and the bus bar (133) extends along the first direction (X); In the second direction (Y), at least part of the bus bar (133) is located between the battery string and the edge of the laminate (1), and the bus bar (133) is used to electrically connect adjacent battery strings; In the first direction (X), the distance between the battery string and the edge of the laminate (1) is a1, 8mm≤a1≤10mm.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that: In the first direction (X), the distance between the bus bar (133) and the edge of the laminate (1) is a2; a2<a1, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm; Alternatively, a2>a1, 1mm≤a2-a1≤8mm.

12. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The laminate (1) further comprises an encapsulation layer (12), wherein at least a portion of the structure of the encapsulation layer (12) is located on the light-facing side of the battery layer (13), and / or at least a portion of the structure of the encapsulation layer (12) is located on the backlight side of the battery layer (13); The encapsulation layer (12) comprises at least a first adhesive film (123), and in the third direction (Z), the projection of the splicing gap (35) is located within the projection range of the first adhesive film (123); The first adhesive film (123) is a waterproof adhesive film.

13. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that: In the first direction (X), the size of the first adhesive film (123) is H1, 10mm≤H1≤100mm; In the second direction (Y), the size of the first adhesive film (123) is H2, 10mm≤H2≤100mm.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that: In the third direction (Z), the projection shape of the first adhesive film (123) is fan-shaped, triangular, rectangular, L-shaped or round-shaped.

15. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings, and the plurality of battery strings are arranged along a first direction (X); In the first direction (X), the number of the battery strings is greater than or equal to 2; In the first direction (X), the distance between adjacent battery strings is L1, 9 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 11 mm.

16. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings, and the plurality of battery strings are arranged along a second direction (Y); In the second direction (Y), the number of the battery strings is greater than or equal to 4; In the second direction (Y), the distance between adjacent battery strings is L2, and 0.5 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6 mm.

17. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The battery layer (13) includes at least one battery string, and the battery string includes a plurality of battery cells (131); The number of the battery cells (131) included in one battery string is N, 8≤N≤24; The distance between adjacent battery cells (131) is L3, -0.6mm≤L3≤0.8mm.

18. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that In the first direction (X), the size of the photovoltaic module is S1, 1700 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2400 mm; In the second direction (Y), the size of the photovoltaic assembly is S2, 1100 mm ≤ S2 ≤ 1350 mm.

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