System for trapping tilapia mossambica based on light and bait and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for trapping tilapia mossambica based on lamplight and bait and an operation method of the system. The system is mainly composed of an underwater lamp with specific colored light, an improved ground cage and special bait. Wherein the specific colored light is yellow light and has relatively strong attractive force on tilapia mossambica. The special bait is customized according to the annual feeding habits of the tilapia mossambica, and the specific formula comprises 20% of silkworm chrysalis meal, 20% of acete chinensis meal, 20% of earthworm powder, 12% of wheat germ powder, 11% of lamellar algae powder, 10% of snowflake powder, 5% of vital gluten, 2% of vanillin and a proper amount of clear water. The structure of the ground cage is adjusted as follows: a fish inlet is enlarged, and a flexible plastic sheet is arranged at the tail end of the fish inlet, so that large tilapia mossambica enters the cage, and escape is effectively prevented; the ground cage adopts a double-layer design, so that the fish accommodating space is increased; the upper layer uses light to lure tilapia mossambica; the bait bag design and the ground cage double-layer design are added to the lower layer, the fish escape difficulty is increased, the fish containing space can be increased, and efficient trapping is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ocean fishing, and particularly relates to a system for trapping Tilapia zillii based on light and bait and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tilapia zillii, also known as red-bellied tilapia, is native to Africa and the Middle East and is a fish of the genus Tilapia in the family Cichlidae of the order Perciformes; its pharyngeal abdomen is often red, with 6-8 longitudinal stripes on the body side, and there is a black spot behind the dorsal fin. In 1978, it was introduced into China from Thailand for aquaculture needs and was once cultured in many southern provinces. Later, due to its slow growth and low economic value, it was gradually abandoned. Tilapia zillii is fierce in temperament, has a strong territorial awareness, has a wide range of feeding habits, and has a high reproductive capacity. It competes with native fish for food and habitat resources, threatening the normal operation of the native ecosystem. Tilapia zillii has quickly adapted to the local environment by virtue of its ecological adaptability and has now become a common species in most water bodies in southern Chinese provinces and has a tendency to expand northward. There is an urgent need for a green and efficient method to control Tilapia zillii.

[0003] Currently, physical fishing or chemical poisoning methods are generally used to control the population of Tilapia zillii in waters. The former has a relatively high labor intensity, while the latter will have an adverse impact on other aquatic organisms. Among the existing patents for trapping Tilapia zillii, the main ones are attractant baits and trapping nets, and there is no invention using other methods to trap Tilapia zillii.

[0004] The phototaxis of fish is the directional movement of fish in response to light stimulation. The spectral composition is an important factor affecting the phototactic behavior of fish. Different colors of light will cause three different types of behavioral responses in fish: positive phototaxis, negative phototaxis, and no response to light. [i] . Silver carp (Hypophthalmicht hys molitrix) prefers white light and blue light more [ii] . The phototaxis rate of common carp (Cyprinuscarpio) is in the order of white light > red light > blue light > green light, and among them, common carp has a higher preference for white light [iii] . Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) prefers red light (625-740nm) more [iv] .

[0005] It can be seen that fish have different behavioral responses to different colored lights. We studied the phototactic behavior of Tilapia zillii towards different colored lights (full-color light, red light, yellow light, green light, blue light) in order to screen out the most suitable light color for trapping. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a system for trapping Tilapia zillii based on light and bait and an operation method thereof, aiming to increase the probability of Tilapia zillii entering the cage and improve the trapping efficiency.

[0007] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A system for trapping Oreochromis niloticus by means of light and bait, comprising hardware facilities and a software control part,

[0009] The hardware facilities include a trapping net and a trapping lamp,

[0010] The software control part includes an LED yellow light module, an LED drive circuit module, a timing control module, a battery pack and a BMS design module, a PCB and wiring design module, and a circuit and interface module,

[0011] The trapping net uses a cylindrical ground cage, and the interior of the cylindrical ground cage adopts a two-layer design. The trapping lamp uses a waterproof LED lamp that emits yellow light.

[0012] Preferably, the cylindrical ground cage includes an upper ground cage and a lower ground cage. The upper ground cage and the lower ground cage are separated by a net surface. A number of funnel-shaped fish inlet openings are opened on the side and top of the upper ground cage, and a number of funnel-shaped fish inlet openings are opened on the net surface between the upper ground cage and the lower ground cage. A number of waterproof LED lamps are provided in the upper ground cage, and a bait bag is provided in the lower ground cage. The overall frame of the cylindrical ground cage is made of stainless steel wire, and foam is filled in the frame on the top surface of the cylindrical ground cage to ensure that the upper ground cage floats on the water surface. A number of lead blocks are sewn on the frame at the bottom of the lower ground cage to facilitate the full expansion of the ground cage and keep it stable underwater.

[0013] Preferably, the side of the lower ground cage is provided with several zippers to facilitate the removal of the catch; the end of the funnel-shaped fish inlet opening is provided with a flexible plastic sheet that can only open towards the inside of the ground cage to prevent the fish that enter the ground cage from swimming outwards.

[0014] Preferably, the bait bag is filled with a special bait, and the formula mass percentage of the bait is: 20% silkworm pupa powder, 20% acetes powder, 20% earthworm powder, 12% wheat germ powder, 11% flaky algal powder, 10% snow powder, 5% wheat gluten powder, 2% vanillin, and the rest is clear water.

[0015] Preferably, the waterproof LED light uses a 50W high-power LED yellow light module with a wavelength of 590 - 595nm. The waterproof LED light has a timing control function and is equipped with buttons or knobs. The parameters of all waterproof LED lights can be set through the buttons or knobs. It adopts a high-energy density battery pack to achieve a long battery life of over 20 hours. The housing material of the trapping lamp is made of PC material, with an anti-corrosion coating treatment on the surface. Silicone O-rings are used at all joints of the housing. The cable and charging interface are secondarily sealed with waterproof connectors. The battery compartment and the electronic module compartment adopt a double-sealed design. The internal modules are welded and fixed to the PCB seat, and the outer layer is covered with a waterproof panel to ensure IP68-level protection and ensure safe operation underwater.

[0016] Preferably, the LED yellow light module of the waterproof LED light is placed on the front or top of the housing, paired with a customized scratch-resistant and pressure-resistant tempered glass or a high-transparency PC cover. The battery pack is arranged at the bottom or center of the trapping lamp, which is convenient for heat dissipation and keeps the center of gravity stable. The LED driver circuit module and the timing control module are respectively installed on a dedicated PCB bracket inside the trapping lamp, which is convenient for connection and maintenance. An effective heat conduction channel is formed by using a metal heat sink and the housing, and water-cooled heat dissipation is achieved through direct contact between the housing and water.

[0017] Preferably, the LED driver circuit module includes a power module, a DC-DC conversion module, a constant current drive circuit module, and a PWM dimming circuit module. The power module is powered by a 12V / 11.1V LiPo battery pack; the DC-DC conversion module uses a Buck converter to provide a stable current; the constant current drive circuit module selects a dedicated LED driver chip (such as PT4115, AL8866); the PWM dimming circuit module adjusts the LED current by controlling the output PWM signal to achieve a timing flashing mode. The constant current drive circuit module accesses a constant current regulation circuit from the output of the DC-DC converter to ensure that the LED obtains a stable current; the PWM dimming circuit module, the PWM signal output by the MCU drives the LED driver module through an isolation circuit or directly to achieve LED brightness and switch control.

[0018] Preferably, the controller of the timing control module uses a low-power microcontroller (Arduino Nano) to control the working cycle of the LED by setting a timing program (for example: on for 2 hours, off for 1 hour), and can adjust the timing parameters through buttons / knobs; output a PWM signal to the LED driver circuit to control the on / off state of the LED; display the current state (remaining time, battery power, working mode) through a small OLED or LCD display.

[0019] Preferably, the battery pack and BMS design module adopt a lithium polymer battery pack, and also include a battery management system (BMS), which integrates functions such as overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, short-circuit protection, temperature monitoring, and equalization charging to ensure safe use; the BMS is linked with the MCU to realize battery status monitoring and low-voltage protection.

[0020] Preferably, the PCB and wiring design module includes a multi-layer PCB design module, a heat dissipation and waterproof module, and a cable wiring module. The multi-layer PCB design module uses a 2-4 layer PCB to arrange the LED drive circuit, timing control circuit, and battery monitoring module in layers to reduce mutual interference; in the heat dissipation and waterproof module, PCB components (DC-DC converter, LED drive chip) are close to the heat sink, and heat dissipation copper foil is provided; the edges and connection pads of the PCB should be covered with a waterproof film and fixed inside the waterproof housing; the cable wiring module uses waterproof connectors and sealed wire harnesses, and all interfaces adopt secondary sealing measures to ensure safe operation underwater.

[0021] Preferably, the circuit and interface module includes a battery output module, an interface module, a constant current drive circuit module, and a PWM dimming circuit module. The battery output module is input to the DC-DC conversion module after being protected by the BMS module; in the interface module, all battery connections use waterproof connectors, and monitoring signal lines (voltage, current, temperature) are reserved for the MCU to read, which is convenient for status display and safety protection. The interface module includes a local control interface, a display interface, and a debugging interface. The local control interface contains at least 2 buttons or knobs for adjusting the timing period and dimming intensity; the display interface uses an OLED display screen to display the working status, and the display information includes: working mode, remaining time, and battery power; the debugging interface reserves a debugging interface (such as UART / USB) for firmware update and debugging.

[0022] An operation method of a system for trapping Oreochromis niloticus by combining light and bait specifically includes the following steps:

[0023] (1) Select hardware facilities: Select a cylindrical fishing cage and a waterproof LED light that emits yellow light;

[0024] (2) Arrange the software control part:

[0025] Sub-module prototype production: Respectively produce an LED yellow light module, an LED drive circuit module, a timing control module, a battery pack and BMS design module, a PCB and wiring design module, and a circuit and interface module, and debug the functions of each module in an indoor environment;

[0026] System integration: Install each module in a pre-designed waterproof housing, complete wiring, sealing treatment, and installation of the heat dissipation structure, and confirm that all waterproof interfaces, heat dissipation channels, and battery compartments are sealed in accordance with the design requirements;

[0027] Functional debugging: Run the timing program to verify whether the waterproof LED light works according to the cycle of lighting for 2 hours and turning off for 1 hour; Debug the functions of the local buttons and the display screen to ensure normal parameter setting and status feedback; Conduct long-term endurance and waterproof tests on the overall system to verify the stability and safety of the system;

[0028] (3) Start the trapping operation:

[0029] Start the light at dusk or at night, use the light to attract Oreochromis niloticus to gather, pay attention to the movement of the fish school under the light. When it is found that a large number of fish schools gather near the light source, it indicates that the fish attracting effect is good. To maintain the fish attracting effect of the light, avoid the fish school from developing adaptability to the continuous light source and maintain a high attracting effect, an intermittent lighting fishing strategy is adopted.

[0030] Preferably, the trapping operation is selected at dusk or at night, the cage is placed in the bottom sediment of sand and silt, the water depth is 2 - 4m, the water temperature is above 20°C, and the water area is far from noise to obtain a better trapping effect.

[0031] Technical principle of the present invention: When an ordinary cage is used, generally no lights or baits with attracting effects are placed. Usually, it takes a longer time to gather fish, the fishing cycle is long and the catch is not specific. Therefore, according to the phototactic behavior of Oreochromis niloticus, through experimental screening, it is found that the colored light with strong attracting power to Oreochromis niloticus is yellow light. By comparing the phototactic behaviors of Oreochromis niloticus to different colored lights, the present invention uses yellow light as the trapping light, combines the light, bait and trapping netting gear, and traps Oreochromis niloticus mainly with light and supplemented by bait. The present invention makes the following adjustments to the structure of the trapping netting gear: Increase the size of the cage; Increase the diameter of the fish inlet and add an anti-escape design for the fish inlet; The cage is designed with a double layer. The upper layer attracts Oreochromis niloticus through the light, and the lower layer is provided with a bait bag to gather Oreochromis niloticus.

[0032] Beneficial effects:

[0033] A system for trapping Oreochromis niloticus based on light and bait and its operation method according to the present invention can increase the probability of Oreochromis niloticus entering the cage and improve the trapping efficiency through the above improvements to the trapping netting gear, which is specifically manifested in the following aspects:

[0034] (1) The double-layer design of the cage not only increases the difficulty of fish escaping, but also can increase the accommodation space for fish, realizing efficient trapping;

[0035] (2) Increase the fish inlet and add a flexible plastic sheet at the end of the fish inlet, which can enable larger-sized Oreochromis niloticus to enter the cage and effectively prevent escape;

[0036] (3) The upper layer uses lights to attract *Tilapia zillii*, and the attraction of lights in the dark is often stronger than other trapping methods.

[0037] (4) The lower layer adds a bait bag design, which can effectively induce the fish entering the upper layer to gather in the lower layer, so as to prevent the fish from gathering in the upper layer and affecting the entry of subsequent fish; at the same time, the bait bag is equipped with [bait], and the trapping efficiency is improved through bait trapping.

[0038] (5) The present invention has the advantages of high power, long battery life, portability, and timing control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a system for trapping *Tilapia zillii* in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for the phototaxis of *Tilapia zillii* in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the phototaxis index of *Tilapia zillii* under different light colors at a light intensity of 1000 lx in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0042] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings: This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, for the hardware facilities, the overall selection of the cage is cylindrical, divided into upper and lower layers. The upper layer is called the upper cage 1, and the lower layer is called the lower cage 5. The cage is cylindrical, with a diameter of 2 m and a height of 1 m; the upper cage 1 has a height of 0.4 m, and the lower cage 5 has a height of 0.6 m. The frame of the cage uses stainless steel wire, and nylon is used around to ensure stability and corrosion resistance during long-term use in water.

[0044] The top surface border of the upper cage 1 is filled with foam filler 3, so that the upper cage 1 floats slightly in the water. The upper cage 1 and the lower cage 5 are separated by nylon, and each has an independent space. The mesh size of the nylon is 5 mm, so that fish are not easy to escape, and other aquatic organisms can pass through.

[0045] The upper ground cage 1 is provided with several waterproof LED lights 4. A number of funnel-shaped fish inlet openings 2 are opened on the side and top of the upper ground cage 1. The width of the funnel-shaped fish inlet opening 2 is 15 cm. A flexible plastic sheet 9 is installed at the end of the inlet of the funnel-shaped fish inlet opening 2. Once the Tilapia zillii enters the ground cage, it is difficult to escape. There is also a funnel-shaped fish inlet opening 2 between the upper ground cage 1 and the lower ground cage 5 of the ground cage. After the fish are attracted by the light and enter the ground cage, they are attracted by the bait bag 6 suspended below, and thus enter the lower ground cage 5 through the funnel-shaped fish inlet opening 2 at the internal connection channel and gather in the lower ground cage 5.

[0046] The bait bag 6 is filled with a special bait. The mass percentage of the bait is 20% silkworm pupa powder, 20% acetes powder, 20% earthworm powder, 12% wheat germ powder, 11% flaky algal powder, 10% snowflake powder, 5% gluten powder, 2% vanillin, and the rest is clear water. A plurality of lead blocks 8 are sewn on the bottom frame of the lower ground cage 5, which can fully expand the ground cage and keep it stable underwater. A vertical zipper 7 is sewn on the lower ground cage 5 for convenient dumping of the catch.

[0047] Verify that yellow light is suitable as the best light color for trapping Tilapia zillii:

[0048] 1. Prepare the experimental container:

[0049] Use a white plastic container with a specification of 2m * 1m * 1m. Starting from the light source end, it is equally divided into 4 regions along the length direction: the near-light region L1 (0 - 50 cm), the transition region L2 (50 - 100 cm), the far-light region L3 (100 - 150 cm), and the dark region L4 (150 - 200 cm). The water depth in the box is about 40 cm.

[0050] 2. Adjust the experimental light source:

[0051] An adjustable-brightness LED lamp tube (220V, 200W), with a length of about 100 cm, is set at a position slightly above the middle on the narrow side wall of the white plastic container, which can ensure that the light can be evenly distributed in the white plastic container.

[0052] 3. Observe the experimental device:

[0053] An Apple mobile phone and a mobile phone stand. The Apple mobile phone is turned on with the video recording function and set at a position obliquely above the middle of the wide side of the white plastic container. Record the distribution quantity of Tilapia zillii in the 4 light regions of the white plastic container. As Figure 1 shown.

[0054] 4. Settings of different colored lights:

[0055] Changing the light color by covering a film on the LED tube actually involves selecting lights of different wavelength bands. Among them, blue light: 450 - 480 nm, green light: 500 nm - 560 nm, yellow light: 580 nm - 595 nm, red light: 610 - 730 nm. The full-color light is the color of the LED light without covering the film. In addition, the instruments used in the experiment also include an illuminometer, heating equipment (heating rods) 10000 w * 2, temperature sensors * 2, etc.

[0056] 5 Experimental procedure:

[0057] A total of 30 tilapia zillii were collected using a fish trap downstream of a certain reservoir. Two weeks before the experiment, the fish were temporarily raised in a recirculating aquaculture pond, maintaining natural light and ensuring that the water quality had no abnormal indicators. To avoid the influence of natural light and other environmental factors on the life cycle of the fish, all experiments were carried out under dark conditions.

[0058] Randomly fish out 20 tilapia zillii and put them into a white plastic container, place an aeration device, and dark adapt for 1 day. Before the start of the experiment, adjust the position of the Apple mobile phone and turn on the camera mode. The experiment uniformly uses red, yellow, blue, and green lights with a light intensity of 1000 lx. The experimental sequence alternates according to the wavelength difference to ensure that the experimental phenomena are more obvious and observable. Before the start of the experiment, cover the incandescent lamp with a color film, and use a partition to block the fish in the last area (dark area) far from the light source. Turn on the light source, place the illuminometer close to the light source in the white plastic container, measure the light source illuminance as 1000 lx, remove the partition, and observe the phototactic behavior of tilapia zillii through the recording of the camera function. Count the distribution number of tilapia zillii in 4 areas every 3 minutes, and repeat the count 3 times. After the statistics, adjust different films, in turn blue, yellow, green (ensuring the alternation of light colors with high and low wavelength bands to enhance the difference of the experiment), and dark place for 10 minutes after each experiment with colored light. Observe the phototactic behavior of tilapia zillii and count the distribution number of tilapia zillii in 4 areas

[0059] 6 Data statistics:

[0060] Refer to Yuan et al. [v] and Shen Yunxia et al. [vi] Adopt the statistical method, define the phototaxis index: Ip = (L1 - L4) / (L1 + L2 + L3 + L4), and the change value is between [-1, 1], where L1, L2, L3, L4 represent the distribution number of a group of tilapia zillii in this area (near-light area L1, transition area L2, far-light area L3, and dark area L4). When Ip is positive, it indicates positive phototaxis, and when it is negative, it indicates negative phototaxis or loss of phototaxis.

[0061] 7 Analysis of experimental results:

[0062] It has been observed that the light-stimulus responses of Oreochromis niloticus vary greatly under various colored lights with an intensity of 1000 lx. Under the illumination of full-color light with an intensity of 1000 lx, the phototactic behavior of Oreochromis niloticus is obvious, and Oreochromis niloticus rarely appears in the dark area. Under the illumination of red light with an intensity of 1000 lx, Oreochromis niloticus initially shows curiosity. As time goes by, Oreochromis niloticus congregates in areas farther from the light source, and the light-avoiding behavior is obvious. Under the illumination of yellow light with an intensity of 1000 lx, Oreochromis niloticus initially shows a transformation from panic to curiosity. As time goes by, instead of showing a similar behavior to that under red light, the fish mostly gather in the transition area, and the number of Oreochromis niloticus in the near-light area is also the largest among all colors, showing an overall phototactic characteristic. Under the illumination of blue light with an intensity of 1000 lx, the behavior of Oreochromis niloticus is basically the same as that under red light illumination, showing a light-avoiding characteristic. Under the illumination of green light with an intensity of 1000 lx, Oreochromis niloticus initially shows panic, and very few fish swim in the near-light area, and finally most of them gather in the far-light area. The phenomenon indicates that the light-avoiding property of Oreochromis niloticus towards blue light is very obvious. Therefore, the phototactic rates of Oreochromis niloticus are in the order of yellow light > full-color light > red light > blue light > green light. As Figure 2 shown. It can be known through experiments that yellow light is suitable as the trapping light color.

[0063] The arrangement of the software control part, including the LED yellow light module, LED drive circuit module, timing control module, battery pack and BMS design module, PCB and wiring design module, and line and interface module, is specifically as follows:

[0064] S1 Trapping light:

[0065] Currently, there is a lack of small, convenient, waterproof LED lights on the market with long battery life, high power, and adjustable timing control. The present invention provides a design concept. The main functions are: (1) adopting a 50W high-power LED yellow light module (wavelength 590 - 595 nm); (2) timing control (for example, a cycle of 2 hours on and 1 hour off), and all parameters can be set through buttons or knobs. (3) adopting a high-energy density battery pack to achieve long battery life (more than 20 hours). (4) The overall waterproof level of the system reaches IP68 to ensure safe operation underwater.

[0066] S2 Waterproof housing design:

[0067] The housing material is made of PC material, and the surface is treated with an anti-corrosion coating. High-quality silicone O-rings are used at all joints of the housing. The cable and charging interface are secondarily sealed with waterproof connectors. The battery compartment and the electronic module compartment adopt a double-seal design: the internal module is welded and fixed to the PCB seat, and the outer layer is covered with a waterproof panel to ensure IP68-level protection.

[0068] S3 Internal layout and heat dissipation design:

[0069] The LED module is placed on the front or top of the housing and is paired with a customized scratch-resistant and pressure-resistant tempered glass or a high-transparency PC cover. The battery pack is arranged at the bottom or center of the device, which is convenient for heat dissipation and keeps the center of gravity stable. The timing control and the LED driver board are installed on a dedicated internal PCB bracket for easy connection and maintenance.

[0070] An effective heat conduction channel is formed by using a metal heat sink and the housing, and water-cooling heat dissipation is achieved through the direct contact between the housing and water.

[0071] S4 LED yellow light module:

[0072] A 50W-class COB LED chip is adopted, and the wavelength is locked at 590 - 595nm to ensure high luminous efficiency and long life.

[0073] S5 LED driver circuit module:

[0074] Input power supply: It is directly powered by the battery pack (12V / 11.1V LiPo);

[0075] DC-DC conversion module: A Buck converter is adopted to provide a stable current;

[0076] Constant current regulation circuit: Special LED driver chips (such as PT4115, AL8866) are selected; PWM dimming control: The LED current is adjusted by controlling the PWM signal output by the control module to achieve a timed flashing mode.

[0077] S6 timing control module:

[0078] Core controller: A low-power single-chip microcomputer (Arduino Nano) is selected

[0079] Functions achieved: The working cycle of the LED is controlled by a timing program (for example: on for 2 hours, off for 1 hour), and the timing parameters can be adjusted through local buttons; A PWM signal is output to the LED driver circuit to control the on / off state of the LED; The current state (remaining time, battery power, working mode) is displayed through a small OLED or LCD display.

[0080] Interface design: Local buttons / knobs are used to set the timing period and dimming level; Status indicators and displays reflect the system working status and battery conditions; A debugging interface (such as UART) is reserved for firmware upgrade and system debugging.

[0081] S7 battery pack and BMS design:

[0082] Battery: A lithium polymer battery pack is adopted.

[0083] Battery Management System (BMS): Integrates overcharge, over-discharge, short-circuit, temperature monitoring, and equalizing charge functions to ensure safe use; The BMS is linked with the MCU to achieve battery status monitoring and low-voltage protection.

[0084] S8 PCB and Wiring Design:

[0085] Multi-layer PCB Design: Adopts 2 - 4 layer PCBs, and arranges the LED drive circuit, timing control circuit, and battery monitoring module in layers to reduce mutual interference.

[0086] Heat Dissipation and Waterproof Measures: Key components of the PCB (DC-DC converter, LED drive chip) should be close to the heat sink, and heat dissipation copper foil is designed; The edges and connection pads of the PCB should be covered with a waterproof film and fixed inside a waterproof housing.

[0087] Cable Wiring: Adopts waterproof connectors and sealed wire harnesses, and all interfaces adopt secondary sealing measures to ensure safe operation underwater.

[0088] S9 Power Interface and Battery Compartment:

[0089] Battery Output: After being protected by the BMS module, it is input to the DC-DC conversion module.

[0090] Interface Design: All battery connections use waterproof connectors, and monitoring signal lines (voltage, current, temperature) are reserved for the MCU to read, facilitating status display and safety protection.

[0091] S10 LED Drive and LED Module Connection:

[0092] Constant Current Drive Circuit: Connects from the output of the DC-DC converter to the constant current regulation circuit to ensure a stable current for the LED.

[0093] PWM Dimming Circuit: The PWM signal output by the MCU drives the LED drive module through an isolation circuit or directly to achieve LED brightness and switch control.

[0094] S11 Timing Control Module Interface:

[0095] Local Control Interface: Includes at least 2 buttons (or knobs) for adjusting the timing period and dimming intensity;

[0096] Display Interface: Uses an OLED display screen to display the working status, and the displayed information includes: working mode, remaining time, battery power.

[0097] Debug Interface: Reserves a debug interface (such as UART / USB) for firmware update and debugging.

[0098] Operating method of the system for trapping Oreochromis niloticus by light and bait, specifically including the following steps:

[0099] (a) Select hardware facilities: Select a cylindrical ground cage and a waterproof LED light that emits yellow light;

[0100] (b) Arrange the software control part:

[0101] Prototype production of sub-modules: Produce an LED yellow light module, an LED drive circuit module, a timing control module, a battery pack and a BMS design module, a PCB and wiring design module, and a circuit and interface module respectively, and debug the functions of each module in an indoor environment;

[0102] System integration: Install each module in a pre-designed waterproof enclosure, complete wiring, sealing treatment and installation of the heat dissipation structure, and confirm that all waterproof interfaces, heat dissipation channels and battery compartments are sealed in accordance with the design requirements;

[0103] Function debugging: Run the timing program to verify whether the waterproof LED light works according to the cycle of lighting for 2 hours and turning off for 1 hour; Debug the functions of the local buttons and the display screen to ensure normal parameter setting and status feedback; Conduct long-term endurance and waterproof tests on the overall system to verify the stability and safety of the system;

[0104] (c) Start the trapping operation:

[0105] Start the light at dusk or at night, use the light to attract Tilapia zillii to gather, pay attention to the movement of the fish school under the light. When it is found that a large number of fish schools gather near the light source, it means that the fish attracting effect is good. To maintain the fish attracting effect of the light, avoid the fish school from adapting to the continuous light source and maintain a high attracting effect, an intermittent lighting fishing strategy is adopted. The trapping operation is selected at dusk or at night. The ground cage is placed in sandy and muddy bottoms, the water depth is 2-4m, the water temperature is above 20°C, and the water area is far from noise to obtain a better trapping effect.

[0106] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for trapping Tilapia chinensis based on light and bait, comprising hardware facilities and software control parts, characterized in that: The hardware facilities include trapping nets and trapping lamps. The software control part includes LED yellow light module, LED driving circuit module, timing control module, battery pack and BMS design module, PCB and wiring design module, circuit and interface module, The trapping net adopts a cylindrical ground cage, the interior of the cylindrical ground cage adopts an upper and lower layer design, and the trapping lamp adopts a waterproof LED lamp that emits yellow light.

2. A system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical cage comprises an upper cage and a lower cage, the upper cage and the lower cage are separated by a mesh, the side and top of the upper cage are provided with a plurality of funnel-shaped fish inlets, the mesh surface between the upper cage and the lower cage is provided with a plurality of funnel-shaped fish inlets, the upper cage is provided with a plurality of waterproof LED lights, a bait bag is provided in the lower cage, the overall frame of the cylindrical cage is made of stainless steel wire, the frame of the top surface of the cylindrical cage is filled with foam to ensure that the upper cage floats on the water, and a plurality of lead blocks are sewn on the frame at the bottom of the lower cage to facilitate the cage to be fully unfolded and remain stable underwater.

3. A system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the lower cage is provided with several zippers to facilitate taking out the catch; the end of the funnel-shaped fish inlet is provided with a flexible plastic sheet which can only be opened toward the inside of the cage to prevent the fish entering the cage from swimming out.

4. A system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bait bag is filled with special bait, the formula of which is as follows by mass percentage: 20% silkworm pupa powder, 20% shrimp powder, 20% earthworm powder, 12% wheat germ powder, 11% flaky algae powder, 10% snowflake powder, 5% gluten powder, 2% vanillin, and the rest is clean water.

5. The system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof LED lamp adopts a 50W high-power LED yellow light module with a wavelength of 590-595nm. The waterproof LED lamp has a timing control function. The waterproof LED lamp is provided with a button or a knob. All parameters of the waterproof LED lamp can be set through the button or the knob. A high-energy density battery pack is adopted to achieve a long battery life of more than 20 hours. The shell material of the trapping lamp is made of PC material, and the surface is treated with an anti-corrosion coating. Silicone O-rings are used at all joints of the shell. The cable and the charging port are sealed twice with waterproof connectors. The battery compartment and the electronic module compartment adopt a double-layer sealing design. The internal module is welded and fixed to the PCB seat. The outer layer is covered with a waterproof panel to ensure IP68 level protection and ensure safe operation underwater.

6. The system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LED yellow light module of the waterproof LED lamp is placed on the front or top of the shell, and is matched with a customized scratch-resistant and pressure-resistant tempered glass or a high-transmittance PC cover. The battery pack is arranged at the bottom or center of the trapping lamp, which is convenient for heat dissipation and maintaining a stable center of gravity. The LED drive circuit module and the timing control module are respectively installed on a dedicated PCB bracket inside the trapping lamp, which is convenient for connection and maintenance. The metal heat sink and the shell form an effective heat conduction channel, and water cooling is achieved through direct contact between the shell and water.

7. The system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LED driving circuit module includes a power module, a DC-DC conversion module, a constant current driving circuit module and a PWM dimming circuit module. The power module is powered by a 12V / 11.1V LiPo battery pack; the DC-DC conversion module adopts a Buck converter to provide stable current; the constant current driving circuit module uses a dedicated LED driving chip; the PWM dimming circuit module adjusts the LED current by controlling the output PWM signal to achieve a timed flashing mode. The constant current driving circuit module is connected to the constant current control circuit from the DC-DC converter output to ensure that the LED obtains a stable current; in the PWM dimming circuit module, the PWM signal output by the MCU drives the LED driving module through an isolation circuit or directly drives the LED brightness and switch control.

8. The system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller of the timing control module adopts a low-power single-chip microcomputer, controls the working cycle of the LED by setting the timing program, and can adjust the timing parameters through buttons / knobs; outputs PWM signals to the LED drive circuit to control the on and off state of the LED; and displays the current state through a small OLED or LCD display.

9. The system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack and BMS design module adopts a lithium polymer battery pack and also includes a battery management system, which integrates overcharge, over discharge, short circuit, temperature monitoring and balanced charging functions to ensure safe use; the BMS is linked with the MCU to realize battery status monitoring and low voltage protection.

10. The system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB and wiring design module includes a multi-layer PCB design module, a heat dissipation and waterproofing module, and a cable wiring module. The multi-layer PCB design module uses a 2-4 layer PCB to arrange the LED drive circuit, the timing control circuit and the battery monitoring module in layers to reduce mutual interference; The heat dissipation and waterproof module adopts PCB components close to the heat sink and is provided with heat dissipation copper foil; the PCB edge and the connection pad should be covered with a waterproof film and fixed inside the waterproof housing; The cable wiring module adopts waterproof connectors and sealed wiring harnesses, and all interfaces adopt secondary sealing measures to ensure safe underwater operation.

11. The system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit and interface module includes a battery output module, an interface module, a constant current drive circuit module, and a PWM dimming circuit module. The battery output module is input to the DC-DC conversion module after being protected by the BMS module; the interface module uses waterproof connectors for all battery connections, and reserves monitoring signal lines for MCU to read, which is convenient for status display and safety protection. The interface module includes a local control interface, a display interface, and a debugging interface. The local control interface includes at least 2 buttons or knobs for adjusting the timing period and dimming intensity; The display interface uses an OLED display screen to display the working status, and the displayed information includes: working mode, remaining time, and battery power; The debugging interface is reserved for firmware updating and debugging.

12. An operating method of the system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Choose hardware facilities: Choose cylindrical ground cages and yellow waterproof LED lights; (2) Arrange the software control part: Sub-module prototype production: produce LED yellow light module, LED drive circuit module, timing control module, battery pack and BMS design module, PCB and wiring design module, circuit and interface module respectively, and debug the functions of each module in an indoor environment; System integration: Install each module in a pre-designed waterproof housing, complete wiring, sealing and heat dissipation structure installation, and confirm that all waterproof interfaces, heat dissipation channels and battery compartment seals meet design requirements; Function debugging: Run the timing program to verify whether the waterproof LED light works in a cycle of 2 hours on and 1 hour off; debug the local buttons and display functions to ensure that the parameter settings and status feedback are normal; conduct long-term battery life and waterproof tests on the entire system to verify the system stability and security; (3) Start trapping operations: Start turning on the lights at dusk or at night, and use the lights to attract Tilapia to gather. Pay attention to the movement of the fish under the lights. When a large number of fish are found gathering near the light source, it means the fish luring effect is good. In order to maintain the fish luring effect of the lights, avoid the fish from adapting to the continuous light source, and maintain a high attraction effect, adopt an intermittent lighting fishing strategy.

13. The method for operating a system for trapping Tilapia zeae based on light and bait according to claim 12, characterized in that: Trapping operations are carried out at dusk or at night, with ground traps placed in sandy and muddy bottoms, at a water depth of 2 to 4 m, with a water temperature above 20°C, and away from noisy waters to obtain better trapping effects.

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