Yellow feather chicken feed with high utilization rate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feeds, and discloses a high-utilization-rate yellow feather chicken feed and a preparation method thereof. According to the present invention, by optimizing the formula of the complex enzyme preparation, the high utilization rate yellow feather chicken feed suitable for different growth stages is provided, and comprises a 1 # feed used for the 0-21-day-old stage, a 2 # feed used for the 22-42-day-old stage, and a 3 # feed used for the 43-slaughter stage. Compared with the traditional corn cottonseed meal type daily ration, the yellow feather chicken feed provided by the invention has the advantages that the dry matter digestibility and crude protein digestibility are higher than those of the traditional corn cottonseed meal type daily ration, in addition, the average body weight after slaughtering is higher, and the feed conversion ratio is lower. The feed has contribution significance in reducing feed waste, improving the health condition of the yellow feather chickens, reducing the feeding cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a yellow - feather chicken feed with high utilization rate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the rapid development of the livestock and poultry breeding industry, high - quality feed proteins face problems such as increasing demand and uneven quality. Finding high - quality alternative proteins has become the key to solving the problem. Among them, in the yellow - feather chicken breeding industry, with the strong promotion of the technology of reducing soybean meal substitution, Xinjiang takes advantage of its cottonseed resources, and cottonseed meal or cottonseed protein is widely used in yellow - feather chicken feed. As a high - quality protein, cottonseed protein is widely used in animal feed, with a protein content of over 40%, rich resources and low price. However, the anti - nutritional factors it contains limit its application in production. Compared with soybean meal protein, the overall utilization rate of cottonseed protein is relatively low. Low feed utilization rate means more feed is wasted, resulting in increased breeding costs and further affecting breeding efficiency. In addition, low feed utilization rate can also lead to animal malnutrition, affecting their health and making them more vulnerable to diseases.

[0003] Therefore, how to further improve the utilization rate of yellow - feather chicken feed containing cottonseed protein, reduce the waste of nutrients and shorten the growth cycle has become a problem to be solved in the process of yellow - feather chicken breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the utilization rate of yellow - feather chicken feed, shorten the growth cycle and enhance economic benefits, the present invention provides a yellow - feather chicken feed with high utilization rate and a preparation method thereof by optimizing the raw material ratio and production process.

[0005] First of all, the present invention provides a yellow - feather chicken feed with high utilization rate, including: No. 1 feed for the stage of 0 - 21 days old, No. 2 feed for the stage of 22 - 42 days old, and No. 3 feed for the stage of 43 days old to slaughter.

[0006] The components of the No. 1 feed are as follows: by mass parts, 570 - 630 parts of corn, 90 - 110 parts of cottonseed meal, 110 - 130 parts of soybean meal, 40 - 60 parts of corn gluten meal, 50 - 70 parts of wheat, 12 - 16 parts of corn germ meal, 10 - 13 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 14 - 15 parts of fine stone powder, 4 - 8 parts of cottonseed oil, 2 - 3 parts of salt, 5 - 6 parts of lysine, 1 - 3 parts of solid methionine, 1 - 1.7 parts of threonine, 0.3 - 0.6 parts of valine, 1 - 1.5 parts of choline, 0.8 - 1.2 parts of compound enzyme preparation, and 8 - 12 parts of premix.

[0007] The components of the No. 2 feed are as follows, by mass: 640-700 parts of corn, 120-160 parts of cottonseed meal, 40-60 parts of corn protein powder, 8-12 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 65-75 parts of corn germ meal, 9-10 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 12-14 parts of fine stone powder, 10-14 parts of cottonseed oil, 1.8-2.2 parts of salt, 6-7 parts of lysine, 1-3 parts of solid methionine, 1-2 parts of threonine, 0.3-0.6 parts of valine, 0.2-0.4 parts of tryptophan, 0.8-1.2 parts of choline, 0.8-1.2 parts of complex enzyme preparation, and 8-12 parts of premix.

[0008] The components of the No. 3 feed are as follows, by mass: 650-710 parts of corn, 160-180 parts of cottonseed meal, 8-12 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 71-81 parts of corn germ meal, 5-7 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 11-13 parts of fine stone powder, 15-25 parts of cottonseed oil, 1.8-2.2 parts of salt, 4-5 parts of lysine, 1-2 parts of solid methionine, 1-1.7 parts of threonine, 0.1-0.3 parts of tryptophan, 0.8-1.2 parts of choline, 0.8-1.2 parts of complex enzyme preparation, and 8-12 parts of premix.

[0009] Furthermore, the components of the composite enzyme preparation are: by mass percentage, 10% of composite protease preparation, 20% of α-galactosidase preparation, 30% of pectinase preparation, 20% of non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation, and 20% of rice husk carrier;

[0010] The components of the composite protease preparation are: by mass percentage, 20% of acidic protease preparation, 10% of neutral protease preparation, 20% of alkaline protease preparation, and 50% of rice husk carrier; the enzyme activity of the acidic protease preparation is ≥1×10 4 U / g, the enzyme activity of neutral protease preparation is ≥5×10 3 U / g, the enzyme activity of alkaline protease preparation is ≥1×10 4 U / g;

[0011] The enzyme activity of α-galactosidase preparation is ≥5×10 2 U / g; the enzyme activity of pectinase preparation is ≥6×10 4 U / g;

[0012] The components of the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation are: by mass percentage, 50% of xylanase preparation, 15% of β-glucanase preparation, 20% of β-mannanase preparation, and 15% of cellulase preparation; the enzyme activity of the xylanase preparation is ≥3×10 4 U / g, enzyme activity of β-glucanase preparation ≥2×10 3 U / g, enzyme activity of β-mannanase preparation ≥6×10 3 U / g, cellulase activity ≥8×102 U / g.

[0013] Furthermore, the components of the premix are as follows: by mass percentage, trace element premix 20%, vitamin premix 10%, microbial premix 5%, phytase preparation 5%, rice bran carrier 60%;

[0014] The components of the trace element premix are as follows: by mass percentage, iron 3%, zinc 4%, copper 0.4%, manganese 5%, selenium 0.02%, iodine 0.04%, zeolite powder 87.54%;

[0015] The components of the vitamin premix are as follows: by mass percentage, vitamin A 0.93%, vitamin D3 0.03%, vitamin E 13.4%, vitamin B1 1.0%, vitamin B2 2.6%, vitamin B6 1.9%, niacin 20.0%, pantothenic acid 5.0%, folic acid 0.5%, biotin 0.03%, rice bran 54.61%;

[0016] The components of the microbial premix are as follows: by mass percentage, Clostridium butyricum agent 10%, Lactobacillus acidophilus agent 5%, Bacillus subtilis agent 3%, rice bran carrier 82%; the viable count of Clostridium butyricum agent ≥ 3.0×10 8 CFU / g, the viable count of Lactobacillus acidophilus agent ≥ 1.0×10 8 CFU / g, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis agent ≥ 5.0×10 9 CFU / g;

[0017] The enzyme activity of the phytase preparation ≥ 1.0×10 4 U / g.

[0018] Furthermore, the crude protein content of the cottonseed meal ≥ 50%.

[0019] Furthermore, the crude protein content of the soybean meal ≥ 43%.

[0020] Furthermore, the crude protein content of the corn gluten meal ≥ 60%.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned yellow - feather chicken feed, including:

[0022] 1) Prepare a compound enzyme preparation: according to the raw material ratio, fully mix the compound protease preparation, α - galactosidase preparation, pectinase preparation, non - starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation, and rice bran carrier to obtain the compound enzyme preparation;

[0023] 2) Prepare a premix: according to the raw material ratio, fully mix the trace element premix, vitamin premix, microbial premix, phytase preparation, and rice bran carrier to obtain the premix;

[0024] 3) Preparation of Feed No. 1: According to the raw material ratio, corn, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, corn protein powder, wheat, and corn germ meal are separately pulverized and then passed through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then, calcium hydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, cottonseed oil, salt, lysine, solid methionine, threonine, valine, and choline are added. Next, the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and the premix prepared in step 2) are added. After mixing all the raw materials evenly, they are steam-conditioned to 80 - 90 °C for granulation with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, they are passed through a crusher, and the standard for the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 1;

[0025] Preparation of Feed No. 2: According to the raw material ratio, corn, cottonseed meal, corn protein powder, hydrolyzed feather meal, and corn germ meal are separately pulverized and then passed through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then, calcium hydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, cottonseed oil, salt, lysine, solid methionine, threonine, valine, tryptophan, and choline are added. Next, the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and the premix prepared in step 2) are added. After mixing all the raw materials evenly, they are steam-conditioned to 80 - 90 °C for granulation with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, they are passed through a crusher, and the standard for the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 2;

[0026] Preparation of Feed No. 3: According to the raw material ratio, corn, cottonseed meal, hydrolyzed feather meal, and corn germ meal are separately pulverized and then passed through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then, calcium hydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, cottonseed oil, salt, lysine, solid methionine, threonine, tryptophan, and choline are added. Next, the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and the premix prepared in step 2) are added. After mixing all the raw materials evenly, they are steam-conditioned to 80 - 90 °C for granulation with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, they are passed through a crusher, and the standard for the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 3.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, a yellow - feather chicken feed with high utilization rate provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages.

[0028] 1) Through the optimization of the compound enzyme preparation formula, the present invention provides a yellow - feather chicken feed with high utilization rate suitable for different growth stages. Among them, the compound protease preparation can promote the decomposition and utilization of proteins; the α - galactosidase preparation and pectinase preparation can reduce the adverse effects such as low digestibility and difficulty in utilization caused by components such as gossypol and raffinose in cottonseed meal. The non - starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation can help decompose anti - nutritional factors such as xylan and mannan in cottonseed meal and promote the full utilization of feed.

[0029] 2) By feeding the yellow - feather chicken feed provided by the present invention, the dry - matter digestibility and crude - protein digestibility are higher than those of the traditional corn - cottonseed meal diet. In addition, the average slaughter weight is higher (increased by 70 g), and the feed - to - meat ratio is lower (decreased by 0.07), which is of great significance for reducing feed waste, improving the health of yellow - feather chickens, and reducing feeding costs. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the following embodiments, the test methods and detection methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the test materials used can be obtained from the market unless otherwise specified.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] This embodiment provides the preparation of Feed No. 1, Feed No. 2, and Feed No. 3.

[0034] 1) Prepare a compound enzyme preparation: Thoroughly mix 0.4 kg (10%) of compound protease preparation, 0.8 kg (20%) of α - galactosidase preparation, 1.2 kg (30%) of pectinase preparation, 0.8 kg (20%) of non - starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation with 0.8 kg (20%) of rice hull carrier to obtain 4 kg of compound enzyme preparation.

[0035] In step 1), the components of the compound protease preparation are: by mass percentage, 20% of acidic protease preparation, 10% of neutral protease preparation, 20% of alkaline protease preparation, and 50% of rice hull carrier; the enzyme activity of the acidic protease preparation ≥ 1×10 4 U / g, the enzyme activity of the neutral protease preparation ≥ 5×10 3 U / g, the enzyme activity of the alkaline protease preparation ≥ 1×10 4 U / g; the enzyme activity of the α - galactosidase preparation ≥ 5×10 2 U / g; the enzyme activity of the pectinase preparation ≥ 6×10 4 U / g; the components of the non - starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation are: by mass percentage, 50% of xylanase preparation, 15% of β - glucanase preparation, 20% of β - mannanase preparation, and 15% of cellulase preparation; the enzyme activity of the xylanase preparation ≥ 3×10 4 U / g, the enzyme activity of the β - glucanase preparation ≥ 2×10 3 U / g, the enzyme activity of the β - mannanase preparation ≥ 6×10 3The enzyme activity of the U / g and cellulase preparation ≥ 8×10 2 U / g.

[0036] 2) Prepare the premix: Thoroughly mix 2 kg (20%) trace element premix, 1 kg (10%) vitamin premix, 0.5 kg (5%) microbial premix, 0.5 kg (5%) phytase preparation with 6 kg (60%) rice hulls to obtain 10 kg of premix for standby.

[0037] In step 2), the components of the trace element premix are: by mass percentage, iron 3%, zinc 4%, copper 0.4%, manganese 5%, selenium 0.02%, iodine 0.04%, zeolite powder 87.54%; the components of the vitamin premix are: by mass percentage, vitamin A 0.93%, vitamin D3 0.03%, vitamin E 13.4%, vitamin B1 1.0%, vitamin B2 2.6%, vitamin B6 1.9%, nicotinic acid 20.0%, pantothenic acid 5.0%, folic acid 0.5%, biotin 0.03%, rice hulls 54.61%; the components of the microbial premix are: by mass percentage, Clostridium butyricum bacterium agent 10%, Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium agent 5%, Bacillus subtilis bacterium agent 3%, rice hull carrier 82%; the viable count of Clostridium butyricum bacterium agent ≥ 3.0×10 8 CFU / g, the viable count of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium agent ≥ 1.0×10 8 CFU / g, the viable count of Bacillus subtilis bacterium agent ≥ 5.0×10 9 CFU / g; the enzyme activity of the phytase preparation ≥ 1.0×10 4 U / g.

[0038] 3) Prepare Feed No. 1: Crush 570 kg of corn, 90 kg of cottonseed meal, 110 kg of soybean meal, 40 kg of corn protein powder, 50 kg of wheat, and 12 kg of corn germ meal respectively through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm, then add 10 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 14 kg of fine stone powder, 4 kg of cottonseed oil, 2 kg of salt, 5 kg of lysine, 1 kg of solid methionine, 1 kg of threonine, 0.3 kg of valine, 1 kg of choline, and then add 0.8 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 8 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). After mixing all the raw materials evenly, steam condition to 80°C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 1.

[0039] Preparation of Feed No. 2: Crush 640 kg of corn, 120 kg of cottonseed meal, 40 kg of corn gluten meal, 8 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 65 kg of corn germ meal separately and pass through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 9 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 12 kg of fine stone powder, 10 kg of cottonseed oil, 1.8 kg of salt, 6 kg of lysine, 1 kg of solid methionine, 1 kg of threonine, 0.3 kg of valine, 0.2 kg of tryptophan, 0.8 kg of choline. Then add 0.8 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 8 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and steam-condition to 80 °C for granulation with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a No. 8 standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a No. 16 standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 2.

[0040] Preparation of Feed No. 3: Crush 650 kg of corn, 160 kg of cottonseed meal, 8 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 71 kg of corn germ meal separately and pass through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 5 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 11 kg of fine stone powder, 15 kg of cottonseed oil, 1.8 kg of salt, 4 kg of lysine, 1 kg of solid methionine, 1 kg of threonine, 0.1 kg of tryptophan, 0.8 kg of choline. Then add 0.8 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 8 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and steam-condition to 80 °C for granulation with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a No. 8 standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a No. 16 standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 3.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This example provides the preparation of Feed No. 1, Feed No. 2, and Feed No. 3.

[0043] 1) Preparation of the compound enzyme preparation: The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0044] 2) Preparation of the premix: The preparation is the same as that in Example 1.

[0045] 3) Preparation of Feed No. 1: Crush 600.3 kg of corn, 100 kg of cottonseed meal, 120 kg of soybean meal, 50 kg of corn gluten meal, 60 kg of wheat, and 14 kg of corn germ meal respectively, and then sieve them through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 11.4 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 14.3 kg of fine stone powder, 6 kg of cottonseed oil, 2.5 kg of salt, 5.5 kg of lysine, 2 kg of solid methionine, 1.4 kg of threonine, 0.4 kg of valine, and 1.2 kg of choline. Then add 1 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 10 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and then steam-condition them to 85°C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass them through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a No. 8 standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a No. 16 standard sieve is ≤3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 1.

[0046] Preparation of Feed No. 2: Crush 669.2 kg of corn, 140 kg of cottonseed meal, 51 kg of corn gluten meal, 10 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 70 kg of corn germ meal respectively, and then sieve them through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 9.5 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 13.5 kg of fine stone powder, 12 kg of cottonseed oil, 2 kg of salt, 6.7 kg of lysine, 1.9 kg of solid methionine, 1.5 kg of threonine, 0.4 kg of valine, 0.3 kg of tryptophan, and 1 kg of choline. Then add 1 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 10 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and then steam-condition them to 85°C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass them through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a No. 8 standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a No. 16 standard sieve is ≤3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 2.

[0047] Preparation of Feed No. 3: Crush 680 kg of corn, 174 kg of cottonseed meal, 10 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 76 kg of corn germ meal respectively, and then sieve them through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 5.9 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 12.1 kg of fine stone powder, 20 kg of cottonseed oil, 2 kg of salt, 4.7 kg of lysine, 1.7 kg of solid methionine, 1.4 kg of threonine, 0.2 kg of tryptophan, and 1 kg of choline. Then add 1 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 10 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and then steam-condition them to 85°C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass them through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a No. 8 standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a No. 16 standard sieve is ≤3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 3.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] This example provides the preparation of Feed No. 1, Feed No. 2, and Feed No. 3.

[0050] 1) Preparation of the compound enzyme preparation: The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0051] 2) Preparation of premix: Thoroughly mix 2.4 kg (20%) of trace element premix, 1.2 kg (10%) of vitamin premix, 0.6 kg (5%) of microbial premix, 0.6 kg (5%) of phytase preparation and 7.2 kg (60%) of rice chaff to obtain 12 kg of premix for standby.

[0052] 3) Preparation of Feed No. 1: Crush 615 kg of corn, 105 kg of cottonseed meal, 125 kg of soybean meal, 55 kg of corn protein powder, 65 kg of wheat, and 15 kg of corn germ meal respectively through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 12.3 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 14.6 kg of fine stone powder, 7 kg of cottonseed oil, 2.7 kg of salt, 5.7 kg of lysine, 2.5 kg of solid methionine, 1.6 kg of threonine, 0.5 kg of valine, 1.3 kg of choline. Then add 1.1 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 11 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). After mixing all the raw materials evenly, steam-condition them to 85°C for granulation with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 1.

[0053] Preparation of Feed No. 2: Crush 685 kg of corn, 150 kg of cottonseed meal, 55 kg of corn protein powder, 11 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 72 kg of corn germ meal respectively through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 9.7 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 13.7 kg of fine stone powder, 13 kg of cottonseed oil, 2.1 kg of salt, 6.8 kg of lysine, 2.5 kg of solid methionine, 1.7 kg of threonine, 0.5 kg of valine, 0.35 kg of tryptophan, 1.1 kg of choline. Then add 1.1 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 11 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). After mixing all the raw materials evenly, steam-condition them to 85°C for granulation with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass through a crusher, and the standard of the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 2.

[0054] Preparation of Feed No. 3: Crush 695 kg of corn, 177 kg of cottonseed meal, 11 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 78 kg of corn germ meal respectively, and then pass them through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 6.5 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 12.6 kg of fine stone powder, 22 kg of cottonseed oil, 2.1 kg of salt, 4.8 kg of lysine, 1.9 kg of solid methionine, 1.5 kg of threonine, 0.25 kg of tryptophan, and 1.1 kg of choline. Then add 1.1 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 11 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and then steam-condition them to 85 °C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass them through a crusher, and the standard for the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 3.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] This example provides the preparation of Feed No. 1, Feed No. 2, and Feed No. 3.

[0057] 1) Preparation of the compound enzyme preparation: The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0058] 2) Preparation of the premix: Thoroughly mix 2.4 kg (20%) of trace element premix, 1.2 kg (10%) of vitamin premix, 0.6 kg (5%) of microbial premix, 0.6 kg (5%) of phytase preparation with 7.2 kg (60%) of rice bran to obtain 12 kg of the premix for standby.

[0059] 3) Preparation of Feed No. 1: Crush 630 kg of corn, 110 kg of cottonseed meal, 130 kg of soybean meal, 60 kg of corn protein powder, 70 kg of wheat, and 16 kg of corn germ meal respectively, and then pass them through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 13 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 15 kg of fine stone powder, 8 kg of cottonseed oil, 3 kg of salt, 6 kg of lysine, 3 kg of solid methionine, 1.7 kg of threonine, 0.6 kg of valine, and 1.5 kg of choline. Then add 1.2 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 12 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and then steam-condition them to 90 °C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass them through a crusher, and the standard for the crushed material is that it can pass through a 8-mesh standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 1.

[0060] Preparation of Feed No. 2: Crush 700 kg of corn, 160 kg of cottonseed meal, 60 kg of corn protein powder, 12 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 75 kg of corn germ meal respectively, and then pass through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 10 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 14 kg of fine stone powder, 14 kg of cottonseed oil, 2.2 kg of salt, 7 kg of lysine, 3 kg of solid methionine, 2 kg of threonine, 0.6 kg of valine, 0.4 kg of tryptophan, and 1.2 kg of choline. Then add 1.2 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 12 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and steam-condition them to 90 °C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass through a crusher, and the standard for the crushed material is that it can pass through a No. 8 standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a No. 16 standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 2.

[0061] Preparation of Feed No. 3: Crush 710 kg of corn, 180 kg of cottonseed meal, 12 kg of hydrolyzed feather meal, and 81 kg of corn germ meal respectively, and then pass through a sieve with a pore size of 1.5 mm. Then add 7 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 13 kg of fine stone powder, 25 kg of cottonseed oil, 2.2 kg of salt, 5 kg of lysine, 2 kg of solid methionine, 1.7 kg of threonine, 0.3 kg of tryptophan, and 1.2 kg of choline. Then add 1.2 kg of the compound enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and 12 kg of the premix prepared in step 2). Mix all the raw materials evenly and steam-condition them to 90 °C for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm. After cooling, pass through a crusher, and the standard for the crushed material is that it can pass through a No. 8 standard sieve by 100%, and the material passing through a No. 16 standard sieve is ≤ 3%, thus obtaining the Feed No. 3.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] This example provides the feeding effects of the yellow - feather chicken feed and the traditional soybean - meal protein - type diet.

[0064] Test time: From July 2024 to October 2024.

[0065] Test location: Yellow - feather broiler test farm of Xinjiang Taikun Group.

[0066] Test animals: Liangfenghua yellow - feather broilers.

[0067] Diet design: The experimental group was fed with the yellow - feather chicken compound feed prepared in Example 2 (preferred example), and the control group was fed with a corn - soybean meal type diet. The feed conditioning temperature at each stage for both the experimental group and the control group was 80 - 85 °C. The processing standard for the yellow - feather chicken feed of the experimental group and the control group from 0 to 21 days old was 3.0 mm crushing, from 22 to 42 days old was 3.0 mm crushing, and from 43 days old to slaughter was 3.5 mm crushing. The feed formula is shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1. Feed formula

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Note: "Cottonseed meal 50%" means that the crude protein content of cottonseed meal is ≥ 50%, and "soybean meal 43%" means that the crude protein content of soybean meal is ≥ 43%, and so on. In the control group, the components of compound enzyme preparation 1 are: non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation 20%, rice hull carrier 80%. The components and enzyme activity of the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation are the same as those in Example 1.

[0072] Test method: The test animals used were 2,880 healthy yellow-feathered broilers at 1 day old, raised in a three-dimensional cage system, randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. Both the control group and the experimental group were set with 6 replicates, with 240 in each replicate, and fed according to the feed formula set in each stage of Table 1.

[0073] Index determination: Dry matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility (please give the calculation method / reference literature / standard of the test method), average body weight at slaughter, feed consumption per chicken, feed-to-meat ratio.

[0074] Data statistics: The test data were sorted out using Excel 2010.

[0075] Data analysis: The test data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and one-way analysis of variance was performed using SPSS software to test the significance of differences between groups, and Duncan's method was used for multiple comparisons between groups.

[0076] Test results: See Table 2.

[0077] Table 2. Comparison of indexes between the experimental group and the control group

[0078] Index Experimental group Control group Difference Dry matter digestibility (%) <![CDATA[71.68±0.89 b > <![CDATA[66.58±0.72 a > / Crude protein digestibility (%) <![CDATA[62.88±0.58 b > <![CDATA[60.87±0.65 a > / Average body weight at slaughter (g) <![CDATA[3000.6±7.8 a > <![CDATA[2930.3±6.2 a > 70 Feed consumption per chicken (kg) 6.965 7.012 0.047 Feed to meat ratio <![CDATA[2.32±0.03 a > <![CDATA[2.39±0.06 a > 0.07

[0079] Note: In the same row, the same superscript letter or no letter indicates no significant difference (P > 0.05), and different letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05).

[0080] As can be seen from Table 2, the dry matter digestibility and crude protein digestibility of the experimental group were higher. In addition, the average body weight at slaughter of each yellow-feathered chicken increased by 70 g, and the feed-to-meat ratio decreased by 0.07, indicating that the digestibility of the yellow-feathered chicken feed prepared by the present invention is relatively high, reducing feed waste.

[0081] In summary, through the optimization of the compound enzyme preparation formula, the present invention provides a high-utilization yellow-feathered chicken feed suitable for different growth stages. Among them, the compound protease preparation can promote the decomposition and utilization of proteins; the α-galactosidase preparation and pectinase preparation can reduce the adverse effects such as low digestibility and difficulty in utilization caused by components such as gossypol and raffinose in cottonseed meal. The non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation can help decompose anti-nutritional factors such as xylan and mannan in cottonseed meal and promote the full utilization of feed. Feeding the yellow-feathered chicken feed provided by the present invention has a higher dry matter digestibility and crude protein digestibility than the traditional corn-cottonseed meal diet. In addition, the average slaughter weight is higher and the feed-to-meat ratio is lower, which is of great significance for reducing feed waste, improving the health status of yellow-feathered chickens, and reducing feeding costs, etc.

[0082] The above embodiments can preferably illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but only describe the preferred implementation modes of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various changes and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A yellow-feathered chicken feed with high utilization rate, characterized in that: include: Feed No. 1 is used for the 0-21 day stage, Feed No. 2 is used for the 22-42 day stage, and Feed No. 3 is used for the 43-day stage. The components of the No. 1 feed are as follows: by mass: 570-630 parts of corn, 90-110 parts of cottonseed meal, 110-130 parts of soybean meal, 40-60 parts of corn gluten meal, 50-70 parts of wheat, 12-16 parts of corn germ meal, 10-13 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 14-15 parts of fine stone powder, 4-8 parts of cottonseed oil, 2-3 parts of salt, 5-6 parts of lysine, 1-3 parts of solid methionine, 1-1.7 parts of threonine, 0.3-0.6 parts of valine, 1-1.5 parts of choline, 0.8-1.2 parts of complex enzyme preparation, and 8-12 parts of premix; The components of the No. 2 feed are as follows: by mass: 640-700 parts of corn, 120-160 parts of cottonseed meal, 40-60 parts of corn gluten meal, 8-12 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 65-75 parts of corn germ meal, 9-10 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 12-14 parts of fine stone powder, 10-14 parts of cottonseed oil, 1.8-2.2 parts of salt, 6-7 parts of lysine, 1-3 parts of solid methionine, 1-2 parts of threonine, 0.3-0.6 parts of valine, 0.2-0.4 parts of tryptophan, 0.8-1.2 parts of choline, 0.8-1.2 parts of complex enzyme preparation, and 8-12 parts of premix; The components of the No. 3 feed are as follows, by mass: 650-710 parts of corn, 160-180 parts of cottonseed meal, 8-12 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 71-81 parts of corn germ meal, 5-7 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 11-13 parts of fine stone powder, 15-25 parts of cottonseed oil, 1.8-2.2 parts of salt, 4-5 parts of lysine, 1-2 parts of solid methionine, 1-1.7 parts of threonine, 0.1-0.3 parts of tryptophan, 0.8-1.2 parts of choline, 0.8-1.2 parts of complex enzyme preparation, and 8-12 parts of premix.

2. The yellow-feathered chicken feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The components of the composite enzyme preparation are: by mass percentage, 10% of composite protease preparation, 20% of α-galactosidase preparation, 30% of pectinase preparation, 20% of non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation, and 20% of rice husk carrier; The components of the composite protease preparation are: by mass percentage, 20% of acidic protease preparation, 10% of neutral protease preparation, 20% of alkaline protease preparation, and 50% of rice husk carrier; The enzyme activity of acid protease preparation is ≥1×10 4 U / g, the enzyme activity of neutral protease preparation is ≥5×10 3 U / g, enzyme activity of alkaline protease preparation ≥1×10 4 U / g; The enzyme activity of α-galactosidase preparation is ≥5×10 2 U / g; the enzyme activity of pectinase preparation is ≥6×10 4 U / g; The components of the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation are: by mass percentage, 50% of xylanase preparation, 15% of β-glucanase preparation, 20% of β-mannanase preparation, and 15% of cellulase preparation; the enzyme activity of the xylanase preparation is ≥3×10 4 U / g, enzyme activity of β-glucanase preparation ≥2×10 3 U / g, enzyme activity of β-mannanase preparation ≥6×10 3 U / g, cellulase activity ≥8×10 2 U / g.

3. The yellow-feathered chicken feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The components of the premix are: by mass percentage, 20% of trace element premix, 10% of vitamin premix, 5% of microbial premix, 5% of phytase preparation, and 60% of rice husk carrier; The components of the trace element premix are: by mass percentage, 3% iron, 4% zinc, 0.4% copper, 5% manganese, 0.02% selenium, 0.04% iodine, and 87.54% zeolite powder; The components of the vitamin premix are: by mass percentage, vitamin A 0.93%, vitamin D 30.03%, vitamin E 13.4%, vitamin B1 1.0%, vitamin B2 2.6%, vitamin B6 1.9%, niacin 20.0%, pantothenic acid 5.0%, folic acid 0.5%, biotin 0.03%, rice husk 54.61%; The components of the microbial premix are: by mass percentage, 10% of Clostridium butyricum agent, 5% of Lactobacillus acidophilus agent, 3% of Bacillus subtilis agent, and 82% of rice husk carrier; the number of live bacteria of Clostridium butyricum agent is ≥3.0×10 8 CFU / g, the number of viable bacteria of Lactobacillus acidophilus agent ≥1.0×10 8 CFU / g, viable count of Bacillus subtilis agent ≥5.0×10 9 CFU / g; The enzyme activity of the phytase preparation is ≥1.0×10 4 U / g.

4. The yellow-feathered chicken feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The crude protein content of the cottonseed meal is ≥50%.

5. The yellow-feathered chicken feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude protein content of the soybean meal is ≥43%.

6. The yellow-feathered chicken feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude protein content of the corn gluten meal is ≥60%.

7. The method for preparing the yellow-feathered chicken feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: 1) preparing the composite enzyme preparation: fully mixing the composite protease preparation, α-galactosidase preparation, pectinase preparation, non-starch polysaccharide enzyme preparation and rice husk carrier according to the raw material ratio to obtain the composite enzyme preparation; 2) Preparing a premix: according to the raw material ratio, the trace element premix, the vitamin premix, the microbial premix, the phytase preparation, and the rice husk carrier are fully mixed to obtain a premix; 3) preparing feed No. 1: according to the raw material ratio, corn, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, corn protein powder, wheat, and corn germ meal are respectively crushed and passed through a 1.5 mm aperture sieve, and then calcium hydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, cottonseed oil, salt, lysine, solid methionine, threonine, valine, and choline are added, and then the complex enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and the premix prepared in step 2) are added, all the raw materials are mixed evenly, and then steam-adjusted to 80-90° C. for granulation, and the particle size is 3.0 mm. After cooling, the crushed material is passed through a crusher, and the crushed material standard is that 100% can pass through an 8-mesh standard sieve, and the material under the 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤3%, so as to obtain the feed No. 1; Preparation of feed No. 2: according to the raw material ratio, corn, cottonseed meal, corn protein powder, hydrolyzed feather powder, and corn germ meal are crushed respectively and passed through a 1.5 mm aperture sieve, and then calcium hydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, cottonseed oil, salt, lysine, solid methionine, threonine, valine, tryptophan, and choline are added, and then the composite enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and the premix prepared in step 2) are added, all the raw materials are mixed evenly, and then steam-adjusted to 80-90° C. for granulation, and the particle size is 3.0 mm. After cooling, the crushed material is passed through a crusher, and the crushed material standard is that 100% can pass through an 8-mesh standard sieve, and the material under the 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤3%, so as to obtain the feed No. 2; Preparation of feed No. 3: according to the raw material ratio, corn, cottonseed meal, hydrolyzed feather meal and corn germ meal are crushed respectively and passed through a 1.5 mm aperture sieve, then calcium hydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, cottonseed oil, salt, lysine, solid methionine, threonine, tryptophan and choline are added, and then the composite enzyme preparation prepared in step 1) and the premix prepared in step 2) are added, all the raw materials are mixed evenly, and then steam-adjusted to 80-90° C. for granulation, with a particle size of 3.0 mm, and then passed through a crusher after cooling, and the crushed material standard is that 100% of the crushed material can pass through an 8-mesh standard sieve, and the material under the 16-mesh standard sieve is ≤3%, so as to obtain the feed No. 3.

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