A method for controlling the spinning weld deflection of a thin-walled irregularly shaped rotary body sheet metal component

Abstract

This application provides a method for controlling the deflection of the spin weld seam in a thin-walled, irregularly shaped sheet metal component, belonging to the technical field of spin forming. A reference line is projected onto the surface of the cylindrical part, parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical part. The total number of spin passes (n) and the spin forming trajectory for each pass are set. The rotation direction of the spin forming die is set during the first spin pass. If the weld seam has a positive deflection after the i-th spin forming pass, the rotation direction of the spin forming die for the (i+1)-th pass is a negative rotation direction, causing a negative deflection increment in the (i+1)-th pass spin weld seam to correct the positive deflection. If the weld seam has a negative deflection after the i-th spin forming pass, the rotation direction of the spin forming die for the (i+1)-th pass is a positive rotation direction, causing a positive deflection increment in the (i+1)-th pass spin weld seam to correct the negative deflection. This process continues until the final spin pass is completed, eliminating the circumferential deflection of the weld seam during the spin forming process, and achieving high-quality spin forming manufacturing of the sheet metal component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of spinning forming, and in particular to a method for controlling the deflection of the spinning weld seam of a thin-walled irregularly shaped rotating sheet metal component. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are no reports on research regarding the control of deflection of the spin weld seam in thin-walled irregularly shaped sheet metal components. In invention patent CN110052524B, Zhan Mei et al. from Northwestern Polytechnical University disclosed a method for controlling the deflection of the spin weld seam in a coiled welding cylinder. They proposed adding a constraint device at the tail of the coiled welding cylinder to limit the circumferential flow of material and the circumferential deflection of the weld seam during the spin forming process, thereby obtaining a straight-weld-seam spun cylindrical part. However, this constraint device requires slotting on the mold and installing an axially penetrating guide rail, which is only suitable for the spin forming process of cylindrical parts with simple part structures and spin forming trajectories. It is not applicable to the spin forming of thin-walled irregularly shaped sheet metal components with complex part structures and spin forming trajectories. Hu Zhili et al. from Harbin Institute of Technology obtained straight-weld-seam aluminum alloy tubing by changing the rotation direction of the mandrel during each spin forming process and matching the spin forming parameters. See Hu Zhili, 2024. Research on Plastic Deformation Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welded Tubes [D]. Harbin Institute of Technology, 2013. The circumferential deflection direction of the weld can be controlled by changing the rotation direction of the mandrel during spinning, providing a theoretical basis for weld deflection control in multi-pass spinning forming. However, since the degree of circumferential deflection of the weld during each spinning process strongly depends on spinning forming parameters such as the wall thickness and length of the cylindrical part, the feed ratio, and the thinning rate per pass, it is difficult to accurately establish a quantitative relationship between the spinning forming parameters of each pass and the degree of weld deflection. This means that the implementation of this method requires repeated adjustment of forming parameters based on the spinning conditions of each pass to eliminate weld deflection. The process design is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it lacks universality, making it unsuitable for weld deflection control in the spinning forming of thin-walled irregularly shaped rotating sheet metal components. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a method for controlling the deflection of the spin-forming weld of a thin-walled irregular-shaped rotating sheet metal component, eliminating the circumferential deflection of the weld during the spin forming process, and realizing high-quality spin forming manufacturing of such thin-walled irregular-shaped rotating sheet metal components.

[0004] The method for controlling the deflection of the spin weld seam in a thin-walled, irregularly shaped sheet metal component provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for controlling the deflection of the spin weld seam in a thin-walled, irregularly shaped sheet metal component of revolution, comprising:

[0006] Step 1: Place the welded cylindrical part around the outer periphery of the spinning die, and project a reference line onto the surface of the cylindrical part, with the reference line parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical part;

[0007] Step 2: Set the total number of spinning passes n and the spinning trajectory for each pass;

[0008] Step 3, define the weld deflection direction and the spinning die rotation direction: the two ends of the cylindrical part are the first end and the second end. When the weld gradually deflects in a counterclockwise circumferential direction from the first end to the second end, it is a positive deflection. When the weld gradually deflects in a counterclockwise circumferential direction from the first end to the second end, it is a negative deflection. Observing the spinning die from the second end to the first end, the spinning die rotating clockwise is a positive rotation, and the spinning die rotating counterclockwise is a negative rotation.

[0009] Step 4: Set the rotation direction of the spinning die for the first spinning pass;

[0010] Step 5: Perform spinning. During the spinning process, if the weld is positively deflected after the i-th spinning pass, the spinning die rotates in the negative direction for the (i+1)-th pass, causing a negative deflection increment in the (i+1)-th pass of the spun weld to correct the positive deflection of the weld; if the weld is negatively deflected after the i-th spinning pass, the spinning die rotates in the positive direction for the (i+1)-th pass, causing a positive deflection increment in the (i+1)-th pass of the spun weld to correct the negative deflection of the weld; until the last spinning pass is completed.

[0011] Optionally, the total number of spinning passes is 6-10.

[0012] Optionally, in step 1, a reference line is projected onto the surface of the cylindrical part using a laser level.

[0013] Optionally, in step 1, the spinning die includes a core die, a tail fin, an elastic retaining ring, and a spinning wheel;

[0014] Both the core mold and the tail top include a first columnar segment, a conical segment, and a second columnar segment. The large-diameter end of the conical segment is connected to one end of the first columnar segment, and the small-diameter end of the conical segment is connected to one end of the second columnar segment. The circumferential sidewall of the first columnar segment matches the inner wall surface of the large-diameter end of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular shape. The inner side surface of the transition surface of the conical segment matches the inner surface of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular shape. The circumferential sidewall of the second columnar segment matches the inner wall surface of the small-diameter end of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular shape. The end faces of the second columnar segments of the core mold and the tail top are abutted against each other. The end of the first columnar segment of the core mold away from the conical segment is used to connect to the output spindle of the rotating device. The rotating device is used to drive the core mold to rotate, and the tail top rotates with the core mold.

[0015] The elastic retaining ring is used to fix one end of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam onto the core mold;

[0016] The spinning wheel is rotatably mounted on the output end of the dual-axis moving platform. The dual-axis moving platform drives the spinning wheel to move along the axial and radial directions of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with welded seams. The spinning wheel abuts against the outer wall of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with welded seams. The rotation of the mandrel drives the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with welded seams and the spinning wheel to rotate.

[0017] Optionally, the end of the first columnar segment of the tail tip away from the conical segment is used to be rotatably connected to the output end of the pressure device, and the pressure device is used to drive the tail tip to press against or away from the core mold.

[0018] Optionally, the specific spin forming trajectory for each pass is as follows:

[0019] The spinning wheel moves radially towards the axis from its initial position near the first cylindrical end of the mandrel, away from the tapered section, to a first radial position. Then, maintaining this first radial position, the spinning wheel moves axially towards the first cylindrical section at the tail tip. Upon passing the tapered section of the mandrel, the spinning wheel gradually moves towards the axis along the tapered section profile until it reaches a second radial position at the junction of the tapered and second cylindrical sections of the mandrel. The spinning wheel then continues axially towards the first cylindrical section at the tail tip, maintaining this second radial position, until... When the spinning wheel moves to the junction of the conical section and the second columnar section at the tail top, the spinning wheel moves away from the axis along the curved surface profile of the conical section at the tail top until the spinning wheel moves to the first columnar section at the tail top and returns to the first radial position. The spinning wheel remains in the first radial position and continues to move axially towards the first columnar section at the tail top until the free end of the welded cylindrical part is completely deformed. One spinning pass ends, and the spinning wheel returns to the initial position in the circumferential direction to start the next spinning pass until the preset spinning pass is completed.

[0020] Each time the spinning process is completed, the radial distance between the first radial position and the initial position of the spinning wheel is adjusted, and the distance between the second radial position and the first radial position of the spinning wheel is also adjusted.

[0021] Optionally, during the i-th spinning pass, the radial distance between the first radial position and the initial position is... The radial distance between the second radial position and the first radial position is Li = i × (DX - DY) / 2 / n;

[0022] Where i≤n, t1 is the wall thickness of the welded cylindrical part, t0 is the wall thickness of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular rotating body, DX is the diameter of the first columnar segment, DY is the diameter of the second columnar segment, and n is the number of spinning passes.

[0023] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] The method of this application involves installing a laser level above a multi-pass spinning die for a thin-walled irregular-shaped sheet metal component to monitor the deflection direction of the weld after the current spinning pass. Then, the rotation direction of the spinning die is determined during the next spinning pass to correct the circumferential deflection of the current weld. This process is repeated until the multi-pass spinning is completed, ultimately obtaining a thin-walled irregular-shaped sheet metal component with a straight weld.

[0025] The method of this application is highly versatile and applicable to the deflection control of welds in multi-pass spinning forming processes of various complex sheet metal components. Furthermore, the method of this application does not require modification of existing spinning dies, and is simple to operate with low execution costs. In the method of this application, the rotation direction of the spinning die in the next spinning forming process is determined only by the deflection direction of the weld after the current spinning forming, and no other spinning forming parameters need to be changed. This does not require a high level of technical skill from the operator, which is conducive to the application and promotion of this method. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for controlling the deflection of the spin weld seam in a thin-walled, irregularly shaped rotating sheet metal component according to this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spinning die and laser level of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spinning forming trajectory of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the weld deflection direction and the spinning die rotation direction of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Main shaft; 2. Core mold; 3. Elastic retaining ring; 4. Cylindrical part; 5. Weld seam; 6. Tail top; 7. Laser level; 8. Spinning wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0035] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The illustrations only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0036] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0037] This application provides a method for controlling the deflection of the spin-forming weld seam in a thin-walled irregular-shaped sheet metal component, wherein the large-diameter end and small-diameter end section of the thin-walled irregular-shaped sheet metal component with weld seam are transition surfaces.

[0038] A method for controlling the deflection of the spin weld seam in a thin-walled, irregularly shaped sheet metal component of revolution, comprising:

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in step 1, the welded cylindrical part 4 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the spinning die, and a reference line is projected onto the surface of the cylindrical part 4, with the reference line parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical part 4; the reference line is also projected onto the surface of the cylindrical part 4 using a laser level 7.

[0040] Step 2: Set the total number of spinning passes n and the spinning trajectory for each pass.

[0041] Step 3, define the deflection direction of weld 5 and the rotation direction of the spinning die: (e.g.) Figure 4 As shown, the two ends of the cylindrical part 4 are the first end and the second end. When the weld 5 gradually deflects in a counterclockwise direction from the first end to the second end, it is a positive deflection. When the weld 5 gradually deflects in a counterclockwise direction from the first end to the second end, it is a negative deflection. Observing the spinning die from the second end to the first end, the spinning die rotates clockwise, which is a positive rotation, and the spinning die rotates counterclockwise, which is a negative rotation. Figure 4 In the middle, 'a' represents the positive deflection of weld 5 and the positive rotation of the spinning die. Figure 4 In the middle b, the negative deflection of weld 5 and the negative rotation of the spinning die are represented.

[0042] Step 4: Set the rotation direction of the spinning die for the first spinning pass;

[0043] Step 5: Perform spinning. During the spinning process, if the weld 5 is positively deflected after the i-th spinning pass, the spinning die rotates in the negative direction for the (i+1)-th pass, causing the weld 5 to undergo a negative deflection increment to correct the positive deflection of the weld 5; if the weld 5 is negatively deflected after the i-th spinning pass, the spinning die rotates in the positive direction for the (i+1)-th pass, causing the weld 5 to undergo a positive deflection increment to correct the negative deflection of the weld 5; until the last spinning pass is completed.

[0044] In step 1, the spinning die includes: a core die 2, a tail 6, an elastic retaining ring 3, and a spinning wheel 8.

[0045] Both the core mold 2 and the tail cap 6 include a first columnar segment, a conical segment, and a second columnar segment. The large-diameter end of the conical segment is connected to one end of the first columnar segment, and the small-diameter end of the conical segment is connected to one end of the second columnar segment. The circumferential sidewall of the first columnar segment matches the inner wall surface of the large-diameter end of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam 5. The inner surface of the transition curve of the conical segment matches the inner surface of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam 5. The circumferential sidewall of the second columnar segment matches the inner wall surface of the small-diameter end of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam 5. The end faces of the second columnar segments of the core mold 2 and the tail cap 6 are abutted together. The end of the columnar segment away from the conical segment is used to connect to the output spindle 1 of the rotating device, which is used to drive the core mold 2 to rotate. The tail fin 6 rotates with the core mold 2. The elastic retaining ring 3 is used to fix one end of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam 5 onto the core mold 2. The spinning wheel 8 is rotatably mounted on the output end of the dual-axis moving platform. The dual-axis moving platform drives the spinning wheel 8 to move along the axial and radial directions of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam 5. The spinning wheel 8 abuts against the outer wall of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam 5. The rotation of the core mold 2 drives the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam 5 and the spinning wheel 8 to rotate.

[0046] The first columnar section of the tail tip 6, at the end furthest from the conical section, is rotatably connected to the output end of the pressure device, which is used to drive the tail tip 6 to press against or away from the core mold 2.

[0047] In step 2, the total number of spinning passes is 6-10.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the specific spinning trajectory for each pass in step 2 is as follows:

[0049] The spinning wheel 8 moves radially towards the axis from its initial position near the first cylindrical end of the mandrel 2, away from the tapered section, to a first radial position. Then, maintaining this first radial position, the spinning wheel 8 moves axially towards the first cylindrical section of the tail tip 6 until it passes the tapered section of the mandrel 2. Next, the spinning wheel 8 gradually moves towards the axis along the contour of the tapered section of the mandrel 2 until it reaches a second radial position and is at the junction of the tapered and second cylindrical sections of the mandrel 2. Then, maintaining this second radial position, the spinning wheel 8 continues axially towards the first cylindrical section of the tail tip 6 until it reaches the junction of the tapered and second cylindrical sections of the tail tip 6. 8 moves away from the axis along the conical section of the tail 6 until the spinning wheel 8 moves to the first columnar section of the tail 6 and returns to the first radial position. The spinning wheel 8 remains in the first radial position and continues to move axially towards the first columnar section of the tail 6 until the free end of the welded cylindrical part 4 is completely deformed. One spinning pass ends. The spinning wheel 8 returns to the initial position in the circumferential direction and begins the next spinning pass until the preset number of spinning passes is completed. During each spinning pass, the radial distance between the first radial position and the initial position of the spinning wheel 8 is adjusted, and the distance between the second radial position and the first radial position of the spinning wheel 8 is also adjusted.

[0050] During the i-th spinning pass, the radial distance between the first radial position and the initial position is... The radial distance between the second radial position and the first radial position is Li = i × (DX - DY) / 2 / n;

[0051] Where i≤n, t1 is the wall thickness of the welded cylindrical part 4, t0 is the wall thickness of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld 5, DX is the diameter of the first columnar segment, DY is the diameter of the second columnar segment, and n is the number of spinning passes.

[0052] In one embodiment, n is 8, t1 = 4mm, t0 = 2mm, DX = 300mm, and DY = 200mm.

[0053] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of controlling the spinning weld deflection of a thin-walled, profiled, rotary body sheet metal member, characterized by, include: Step 1: Place the welded cylindrical part around the outer periphery of the spinning die, and project a reference line onto the surface of the cylindrical part, with the reference line parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical part; Step 2: Set the total number of spinning passes n and the spinning trajectory for each pass; Step 3, define the weld deflection direction and the spinning die rotation direction: the two ends of the cylindrical part are the first end and the second end. When the weld gradually deflects in a counterclockwise circumferential direction from the first end to the second end, it is a positive deflection. When the weld gradually deflects in a counterclockwise circumferential direction from the first end to the second end, it is a negative deflection. Observing the spinning die from the second end to the first end, clockwise rotation of the spinning die is a positive rotation, and counterclockwise rotation of the spinning die is a negative rotation. Step 4: Set the rotation direction of the spinning die for the first spinning pass; Step 5: Perform spinning. During the spinning process, if the weld is positively deflected after the i-th spinning pass, the rotation direction of the spinning die for the (i+1)-th pass is negative, so that the weld of the (i+1)-th pass undergoes a negative deflection increment to correct the positive deflection of the weld. If the weld is negatively deflected after the i-th pass of spinning, then the rotation direction of the spinning die in the (i+1)-th pass is positive, so that the weld in the (i+1)-th pass of spinning will have a positive deflection increment to correct the negative deflection of the weld; until the last pass of spinning is completed. In step 1, a reference line is projected onto the surface of the cylindrical part using a laser level. In step 1, the spinning die includes a core die, a tail fin, an elastic retaining ring, and a spinning wheel; Both the core mold and the tail top include a first columnar segment, a conical segment, and a second columnar segment. The large-diameter end of the conical segment is connected to one end of the first columnar segment, and the small-diameter end of the conical segment is connected to one end of the second columnar segment. The circumferential sidewall of the first columnar segment matches the inner wall surface of the large-diameter end of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular shape. The inner surface of the transition surface of the conical segment matches the inner surface of the transition surface of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular shape. The circumferential sidewall of the second columnar segment matches the inner wall surface of the small-diameter end of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular shape. The end faces of the second columnar segments of the core mold and the tail top are abutted together. The end of the first columnar segment of the core mold away from the conical segment is used to connect to the output spindle of the rotating device. The rotating device is used to drive the core mold to rotate, and the tail top rotates with the core mold. The elastic retaining ring is used to fix one end of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with weld seam onto the core mold; The spinning wheel is rotatably mounted on the output end of the dual-axis moving platform. The dual-axis moving platform drives the spinning wheel to move along the axial and radial directions of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with welded seams. The spinning wheel abuts against the outer wall of the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with welded seams. The rotation of the mandrel drives the thin-walled irregular rotating sheet metal component with welded seams and the spinning wheel to rotate. The specific trajectory for each spinning pass is as follows: The spinning wheel moves radially towards the axis from its initial position near the first cylindrical end of the mandrel, away from the tapered section, to a first radial position. Then, maintaining this first radial position, the spinning wheel moves axially towards the first cylindrical section at the tail tip. Upon passing the tapered section of the mandrel, the spinning wheel gradually moves towards the axis along the tapered section's contour until it reaches a second radial position, at the junction of the tapered and second cylindrical sections of the mandrel. The spinning wheel then continues axially towards the first cylindrical section at the tail tip, maintaining this second radial position. When the spinning wheel moves to the junction of the conical section and the second columnar section at the tail top, the spinning wheel moves away from the axis along the curved surface profile of the conical section at the tail top until the spinning wheel moves to the first columnar section at the tail top and returns to the first radial position. The spinning wheel remains in the first radial position and continues to move axially towards the first columnar section at the tail top until the free end of the welded cylindrical part is completely deformed. One spinning pass ends, and the spinning wheel returns to the initial position in the circumferential direction to start the next spinning pass until the preset spinning pass is completed. Each time the spinning process is completed, the radial distance between the first radial position and the initial position of the spinning wheel is adjusted, and the distance between the second radial position and the first radial position of the spinning wheel is also adjusted.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The total number of spinning passes is 6-10.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The end of the first columnar segment of the tail tip away from the conical segment is used to be rotatably connected to the output end of the pressure device, which is used to drive the tail tip to press against or away from the core mold.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The radial distance between the radial first position and the initial position in the i-th spinning process is ti=i (t1-t0) / n, the radial distance between the radial second position and the first position Li=i (DX-DY) / 2 / n; Where i≤n, t1 is the wall thickness of the welded cylindrical part, t0 is the wall thickness of the sheet metal component with welded thin-walled irregular rotating body, DX is the diameter of the first columnar segment, DY is the diameter of the second columnar segment, and n is the total number of spinning passes.

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