A die for denting the surface of a cylindrical metal part

Abstract

This invention discloses a die for indenting the surface of cylindrical metal parts, comprising an upper template, a clamp, a support, a locking nut, an elastic retaining ring, a tail shank, a pad, an upper male die base, a lower template, a fork-shaped wedge, a male die, an upper female die, a female die base, a floating plate, a lower male die base, a mandrel, a guide sleeve, a guide post, a locator, a lower template, a lower female die, and other auxiliary parts. This structure uses the clamp, locking nut, and elastic retaining ring to clamp and index the blank material. Multiple indentations are formed simultaneously by the upper and lower separate female dies. The design of the male and female die structures ensures the forming requirements, and the design of the female die telescopic mechanism allows for the switching between expansion and contraction states. This invention solves problems such as poor positional accuracy of indentations on the outer wall of the shell, low part consistency, low production efficiency, and high labor intensity for operators, achieving rapid, efficient, and stable forming of indentations on the outer wall of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mold forming technology, and in particular to a mold for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part. Background Technology

[0002] For parts produced in small batches with low precision requirements, a single-type denting die is typically used to form recesses on the outer wall of aerospace engine casings. During use, axial lines are scribing the cylindrical blank according to the indexing requirements of the product drawings. The upper and lower dies are then aligned and mounted on a hydraulic press. The scribing cylinder is fitted onto the lower die, and the specific position of the dent is confirmed using spacers of different sizes. The denting operation is then performed using hydraulic equipment. This pre-processing of the blank is not only cumbersome and inefficient, but manual scribing also makes it difficult to guarantee accuracy and consistency. Manufacturing a single part requires five processes and four different sizes of spacers, resulting in complex procedures and low part forming efficiency. Due to the scribing alignment method, the dents on the formed parts are unevenly distributed, failing to meet the product's precision requirements. The production process relies heavily on manual precision control, leading to low part consistency and low forming accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a die for denting the surface of cylindrical metal parts, which solves the problems of poor processing accuracy, high labor costs, and poor product consistency of existing single-type denting dies.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a die for denting the surface of a cylindrical metal part, comprising: an upper template, a lower template, a floating plate, an upper male die seat, a lower male die seat, a female die seat, a male die, a female die, a chuck, a support I, a clamping structure, a support II, a mandrel, and a fork-shaped wedge;

[0005] The upper and lower templates are used for connection with the punch press. A floating plate is fixed above the lower template by an elastic element. The upper male die seat is fixed to the upper template, and the lower male die seat is fixed to the lower template. The male dies are arranged on the upper and lower male die seats. The female die adopts a split structure, including an upper female die and a lower female die, both with serrated inner surfaces. There is a longitudinal guide structure between the floating plate and the upper template in the longitudinal direction. A chuck, support I, clamping structure, female die seat, and support II are coaxially arranged in the axial direction for the installation of the blank. The blank fitted on the female die seat rotates relative to the female die seat under the drive of the chuck or is fixed relative to the female die seat under the limit of the positioner, so as to evenly index the blank.

[0006] One end of the mandrel passes between the upper and lower female molds and has a serrated structure on its surface that matches the female mold. The other end is coupled to a fork wedge, which moves with the upper template. Each indexing operation involves one indentation forming. The up-and-down movement of the fork wedge is converted into the left-and-right movement of the mandrel, which is then converted into the up-and-down movement of the two female molds. When the upper and lower templates are closed, the female molds expand to support the inner surface of the blank. When the upper and lower templates are opened, the female molds retract and the blank is demolded and rotated.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the fork-shaped wedge is fixed below the upper template, and the lower opening gradually slopes outward towards the outside of the mold; the upper template moves downward to close the mold, the fork-shaped wedge moves downward, the linkage core moves to the left, the upper female mold moves upward and the lower female mold moves downward simultaneously to tighten, supporting the inner surface of the blank, and the female and male molds close to complete the indentation forming; after forming, the upper template moves upward to open the mold, which in turn moves the fork-shaped wedge upward, the linkage core moves to the right, the upper female mold moves downward and the lower female mold moves upward simultaneously to contract towards the central axis, and the blank is demolded and rotated.

[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal guide structure includes an upper guide sleeve, a guide post, and a lower guide sleeve. The upper and lower guide sleeves are fixed to the upper template and the floating plate, respectively, and the guide post is located inside the guide sleeve for longitudinal guidance of the mold.

[0009] Furthermore, the chuck is installed on support I, with the large end of the chuck positioned on one side of support I, the main body passing through the interior of support I, and the small end on the other side for installation with the inner diameter of the blank; the main body has pin holes for installing anti-rotation pins to prevent relative rotation between the blank and the chuck; positioning holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main body to cooperate with the positioner and achieve uniform indexing of the blank.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping structure includes a locking nut and an elastic retaining ring. The locking nut is threaded to the small end of the chuck. Rotating the locking nut compresses the elastic retaining ring, causing it to deform elastically and clamp the blank material in the chuck.

[0011] Furthermore, the protruding surfaces, quantity, and arrangement of the male mold are designed according to the surface dimensions of the part to be formed; the recessed surfaces of the upper and lower female molds are designed according to the requirements of the recesses to be formed, and the quantity and arrangement of the recessed surfaces are matched with the male mold.

[0012] Furthermore, it is used for denting the surface of cylindrical metal parts; a row of male dies is set on the upper male die base and the lower male die base respectively, and the blank is dented at the same time to form the upper and lower rows of pits; the upper and lower female dies have the same external structure, the outer surface is an arc surface, and the size is consistent with the inner wall diameter of the strip forming part, the difference is that the upper and lower female dies have different numbers of pit surfaces.

[0013] Furthermore, the height difference of the protruding surfaces of the same row of male dies should not exceed 0.02mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper and lower male mold bases are connected to the male mold via a hole-shaft mating method.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper template is fixed to the tail shank via a connector, and the tail shank is fixed to the punch press table. When the punch press is working, the upper male die closes with the upper female die first, and the pressure is transmitted to the floating plate. Through the compression deformation of the elastic element below the floating plate, the lower female die closes with the lower male die, completing one mold closing operation.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0017] This invention successfully solves the technical problems of poor processing accuracy, high labor costs, and poor product consistency associated with single-type denting dies. Simultaneously, the composite denting die significantly shortens product manufacturing time, reducing the stamping time of a single part from 2-3 hours to approximately 15 minutes, greatly improving production efficiency. In use, workers only need to clamp the part once and stamp it five times to complete the forming of a part, significantly reducing the labor intensity compared to the previous method of marking, aligning each engraved line, and stamping each indentation individually. Furthermore, the precision of the parts is uniformly guaranteed by the die, resulting in high product accuracy and good consistency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the die for the indentation on the surface of the cylindrical metal part according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the chuck 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping structure assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the locking nut 4 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the elastic retaining ring 5 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the male mold structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper female mold 15 structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the female mold 43 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is the state of the female mold being bulged and tightened according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is the shrinkage state of the female mold in this invention;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the fork-shaped wedge 13 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the female mold base 17 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the mandrel 24 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described below.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the cylindrical metal part surface denting mold structure proposed in this invention includes an upper template 1, a clamp 2, a support I 3, a locking nut 4, an elastic retaining ring 5, a screw 6, a pin 7, a tail shank 8, a screw 9, a pad 10, an upper male mold seat 11, a screw 12, a fork wedge 13, a male mold 14, an upper female mold 15, a small shaft 16, a female mold seat 17, a spring 18, a support II 19, a screw 20, a pin 21, a floating plate 22, a lower male mold seat 23, a mandrel 24, a bearing 25, a nut 26, a spring washer 27, a pin 28, a double-ended stud 29, a retaining ring 30, a flat key 31, a screw 32, a cylindrical pin 33, a guide sleeve 34, a guide post 35, a guide sleeve 36, a support block 37, a locator 38, a handle 39, a rubber pad 40, a lower template 41, a lifting bolt 42, and a lower female mold 43.

[0035] The upper template 1 is fixed to the tail shank 8 by screws 9. The tail shank 8 fixes the mold to the press table. The upper template 1 is connected to the upper male mold base 11 by screws 6 and pins 7. The upper male mold base 11 is connected to the male mold 14 by a hole-shaft connection. A 5mm deep groove is cut on the left front side of the floating plate 22 for the insertion of the support block 37. The floating plate 22 is connected to the support I 3 and support II 19 by screws 20 and pins 21. The floating plate 22 is connected to the lower male mold base 23 by screws 6 and pins 7. Support I 3, support II 19, guide sleeve 34, guide post 35, and guide sleeve 36 are arranged between the upper and lower templates for guiding the mold.

[0036] like Figure 4The diagram shows the structural dimensions of the chuck 2. The indexing function of the mold for the blank is mainly achieved by the cooperation of the chuck 2, the anti-rotation pin 33, and the locator 38. The small end diameter φ71 mates with the inner diameter of the blank to achieve axial positioning. The φ3 pin hole is used for the installation of the anti-rotation pin 33, ensuring that the blank does not rotate relative to the chuck. Based on the structural characteristics of the part, there are 10 rows of recesses, evenly distributed around the circumference. The distribution is consistent between rows that are separated by one row, and different between adjacent rows. The mold structure can form two rows of recesses simultaneously, so the forming of all 10 rows of recesses can be completed in 5 rotations. The 5 evenly distributed positioning holes around the circumference of the chuck mate with the locator 38 to achieve uniform indexing of the blank.

[0037] like Figure 5 The diagram shown is a detailed assembly diagram of the clamping structure for the blank. The clamping and indexing of the blank are mainly achieved by the chuck 2, the locking nut 4, and the elastic retaining ring 5. Figure 6 , 7 The diagrams show the structure of the locking nut 4 and the elastic retaining ring 5. After the blank is placed on the chuck 2, it needs to be clamped and fixed. The locking nut 4 and the elastic retaining ring 5 work together to clamp the part. The locking nut 4 is threadedly connected to the chuck 2, compressing the elastic retaining ring 5 to deform it, thereby clamping the blank onto the chuck 2 and fixing the blank.

[0038] like Figure 8 The diagram shows the structural dimensions of the male mold 14. The surface of the male mold 14 is designed according to the dimensions of the part surface. Since the mold structure needs to achieve one-time forming of multiple recesses, requirements need to be put forward on the differences in the surface and height of the individual male molds 14. It is required that the difference in the surface and height of the male molds 14 in the same row should not exceed 0.02mm.

[0039] like Figure 9 , 10 The diagrams shown are schematic representations of the upper female mold 15 and the lower female mold 43. To achieve demolding and material removal, and to ensure that a single female mold can move up and down, the female mold is designed as a two-part structure. The recessed surface of the female mold is designed according to the recessed surface of the product to ensure forming requirements. In this example, the female mold consists of two structures with the same external shape, an arc surface on the upper surface, and dimensions consistent with the inner diameter of the part. The difference lies in the number of recessed surfaces, with 5 and 4 recesses respectively. The lower end of the female mold is designed with a serrated shape, which, through cooperation with the mandrel 24, enables the vertical movement of the female mold. This achieves the effect of the female mold expanding and supporting the inner wall of the part when the mold is closed, and retracting to demold and remove the part when the mold is opened.

[0040] like Figure 11 , 12The diagram shows the structural design of the female mold telescopic mechanism. The female mold telescopic mechanism consists of a female mold base 17, a mandrel 24, and a fork-shaped wedge 13. When the hydraulic press drives the male and female molds downwards to close, it drives the fork-shaped wedge 13 downwards. The downward movement of the fork-shaped wedge 13 is converted into the leftward movement of the mandrel 24. The upper female mold 15 and the lower female mold 43 simultaneously expand and tighten, supporting the inner surface of the blank. Then, the upper male mold closes with the female mold first, and the pressure is transmitted to the floating plate. Through the compression and deformation of the rubber pad under the floating plate, the lower female mold closes with the lower male mold, completing one mold closing operation. Figure 11 As shown. The formed part is "embedded" in the two female molds. When the hydraulic press drives the mold upward to open, it drives the fork-shaped wedge 13 to move upward. The upward movement of the fork-shaped wedge 13 is converted into the rightward movement of the mandrel 24. The upper female mold 15 and the lower female mold 43 change from an expanded state to a contracted state, as shown. Figure 12 As shown, the part can rotate to a different position on the surface of the female mold base 17 to achieve the next indexing indentation. The structures of the fork wedge 13, the female mold base 17, and the mandrel 24 are respectively as follows: Figure 13 , 14 As shown in Figure 15, the mandrel surface is designed with a serrated structure that matches the female mold, which can convert the left and right movement of the mandrel into the up and down movement of the two female molds, thereby achieving the forming requirements.

[0041] The present invention relates to a die structure for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part. Taking its use on a 100T punch press as an example, the specific operation process is as follows:

[0042] (1) Installation of the blank. After closing the mold, place it on the punch press and fix the mold to the punch press table using the tail shank 8. Remove the support block 37, loosen the locking nut 4, pull out the locator 38, and remove the chuck 2 from the support I3. Machining a U-shaped oblong opening hole at the end of the blank in advance, install the blank on the chuck 2, aligning the opening hole with the pin 33, and pass the chuck 2 and the blank together through the support 3, locking nut 4, and elastic retainer 5, and put them on the female mold base 17. Tighten the locking nut 4 and elastic retainer 5 to fix and tighten the blank.

[0043] (2) Indentation forming of the blank. Reinstall the support block 37, rotate the chuck 2, and insert the locator 38 into different positioning holes on the chuck 2 to achieve indexing and indentation of the part. During operation, the reciprocating motion of the machine's table surface is converted into the left-right reciprocating motion of the mandrel 24 via the fork wedge 13. This motion enables the upper female die 15 and lower female die 43 to contract and expand vertically, thereby achieving tensioning and relaxation of the blank.

[0044] Insert the locator 38 into the first indexing positioning hole of the chuck 2, start the punch press, and when the die closes, the upper female die 15 and the lower female die 43 are tensioned, and the upper male die 14 and the upper female die 15 are closed, further compressing the rubber pad 40, so that the lower male die 14 and the female die 43 are closed, realizing the indentation forming of the blank. At this time, the blank simultaneously forms two rows of indentations. When the die opens, the upper female die 15 and the lower female die 43 retract, and the blank can rotate on the female die seat 17 under the drive of the chuck 2. Then insert the locator 38 into the second indexing positioning hole of the chuck 2 and repeat the above process to realize the second indentation forming... Repeat the above process until each indexing positioning hole of the chuck 2 is used up, and the blank is indented.

[0045] (3) Removing the formed part. Repeat the loading process in (1) to remove the formed part from the mold. This completes one forming process.

[0046] It is understood that this invention has been described through embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of this invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific circumstances without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are protected by this invention.

[0047] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part, characterized in that, include: Upper template, lower template, floating plate, upper male mold base, lower male mold base, female mold base, male mold, female mold, clamp, support I, clamping structure, support II, mandrel and fork wedge; The upper template (1) and the lower template (41) are used to connect with the punch press. The floating plate (22) is fixed above the lower template by an elastic element. The upper male die seat (11) is fixed to the upper template, and the lower male die seat (23) is fixed to the lower template. The male die (14) is arranged on the upper and lower male die seats. The female die adopts an upper and lower split structure, including the upper female die (15) and the lower female die (43), and the inner surface is serrated. The floating plate and the upper template have a longitudinal guide structure in the longitudinal direction. The chuck (2), support I (3), clamping structure, female die seat (17) and support II (19) are coaxially arranged in the axial direction for the installation of the blank. The blank sleeved on the female die seat rotates relative to the female die seat under the drive of the chuck or is fixed relative to the female die seat under the limit of the positioner, and the blank is evenly indexed. One end of the mandrel (24) passes through the space between the upper and lower female molds. Its surface has a serrated structure that matches the female mold. The other end is coupled with the fork wedge (13). The fork wedge moves with the upper template. Each indexing is performed once for indentation. The up-and-down movement of the fork wedge is converted into the left-and-right movement of the mandrel and then into the up-and-down movement of the two female molds. When the upper and lower templates are closed, the female mold expands to support the inner surface of the blank. When the upper and lower templates are opened, the female mold retracts and the blank is demolded and rotated.

2. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fork wedge (13) is fixed below the upper template (1), and the lower opening is gradually inclined to the outside of the mold. The upper template moves downward to close the mold, the fork wedge (13) moves downward, the linkage mandrel (24) moves to the left, the upper female mold (15) moves upward and the lower female mold (43) moves downward synchronously to support the inner surface of the blank, and the female and male molds close to complete the dent forming. After forming, the upper template moves upward to open the mold, which in turn moves the fork wedge (13) upward and the linkage mandrel (24) moves to the right. The upper female mold (15) moves downward and the lower female mold (43) moves upward, simultaneously contracting towards the central axis, and the blank material is demolded and rotated.

3. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal guide structure includes an upper guide sleeve (34), a guide post (35), and a lower guide sleeve (36). The upper and lower guide sleeves are fixed to the upper template and the floating plate, respectively. The guide post is located inside the guide sleeve and is used for longitudinal guidance of the mold.

4. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck (2) is installed on the support I (3). The large end of the chuck is located on one side of the support I, the main body passes through the inside of the support I, and the small end is on the other side for installation with the inner diameter of the blank. The main body has a pin hole and an anti-rotation pin (33) is installed to prevent the blank from rotating relative to the chuck. The main body has positioning holes evenly distributed along the circumference, which cooperate with the positioner to achieve uniform indexing of the blank.

5. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping structure includes a locking nut (4) and an elastic retaining ring (5). The locking nut (4) is threaded to the small end of the chuck (2). The locking nut rotates to compress the elastic retaining ring (5) and deform it elastically, thus clamping the blank material in the chuck.

6. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protruding surfaces, number, and arrangement of the male mold are designed according to the dimensions of the part to be formed; the recessed surfaces of the upper and lower female molds are designed according to the requirements of the recesses to be formed, and the number and arrangement of the recessed surfaces are matched with the male mold.

7. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 6, characterized in that: Used for denting the surface of cylindrical metal parts; each of the upper and lower male die bases is equipped with a row of male dies, and the blank is dented at the same time to form two rows of pits; the upper and lower female dies have the same external structure, with the outer surface being an arc surface, and the size is consistent with the inner wall diameter of the strip forming part, the difference being the number of pit surfaces of the upper and lower female dies.

8. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height difference of the protruding surfaces of the same row of male dies shall not exceed 0.02mm.

9. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower male mold bases are connected to the male mold via a hole-shaft mating method.

10. The die for indenting the surface of a cylindrical metal part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper template (1) is fixed to the tail shank (8) by the connector, and the tail shank is fixed to the punch press table. When the punch press is working, the upper male mold closes with the upper female mold first, and the pressure is transmitted to the floating plate. Through the compression deformation of the elastic element under the floating plate, the lower female mold and the lower male mold are closed, and one mold closing is completed.

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