Welding equipment and welding method

Abstract

The invention discloses welding equipment and a welding method, and belongs to the technical field of welding, and the welding equipment comprises a machine table, a laser emitting device and a welding terminal. The machine table is provided with a bearing face used for bearing a to-be-welded target workpiece. The laser emitting device is connected with the machine table, and the emitting end of the laser emitting device faces the bearing face so that the target workpiece on the bearing face can be welded. The welding terminal and the laser emitting device are arranged on the same side of the machine table, the welding terminal comprises a body, a first cavity extending in the direction of the emitting end is formed in the body, and a first opening and a second opening are formed in the two ends of the first cavity in the direction of the emitting end respectively; the laser emitted by the emitting end penetrates through the first cavity through the second opening and the first opening and then acts on the target workpiece, and welding operation on the target workpiece is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a welding device and a welding method. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of automotive technology, energy storage technology, and electronic control technology, the development of electric vehicles has become increasingly mature. Compared with fuel vehicles, due to the green travel mode and lower cost of electric vehicles, consumers are more inclined to choose electric vehicles as a means of transportation, resulting in an increasing market share of electric vehicles.

[0003] The electronic control device for controlling the energy storage battery in an electric vehicle includes a BMU (Battery Management Unit). The BMU is connected to the energy storage device through a wire harness. The BMU includes various electrical components, and the electrical components are mostly connected by copper bars. The electrical components and the copper bars are connected by bolts. The main installation method is to open holes in the main contacts of the relay and the copper bars, and after connecting with bolts, use a tightening gun to tighten the bolts to achieve the purpose of fixing torque. However, this method has a long operation cycle, low efficiency, and a high probability of virtual connection after long-term vibration in the bolt connection method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: This application develops a welding device and a welding method, aiming to solve the technical problems of long operation time caused by bolt connection of the relay and the copper bar and the risk of virtual connection after vibration in the prior art.

[0005] Technical Solution: In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a welding device, including a machine table, the machine table has a bearing surface, and the bearing surface is used for bearing a target workpiece; a laser emitting device, the laser emitting device is connected to the machine table, and the emitting end of the laser emitting device faces the bearing surface; a welding terminal, the welding terminal and the laser emitting device are arranged on the same side of the machine table, the welding terminal includes a body, and the body has: a first chamber, the first chamber extends along a first direction, and the first direction is the direction of the emitting end; a first opening, the first opening is communicated with the first chamber, and along the first direction, the first opening is arranged on the side of the body close to the bearing surface; a second opening, the second opening is communicated with the first chamber, and along the first direction, the second opening is arranged on the side of the body far from the bearing surface. Along the first direction, the second opening and the first opening are arranged in a through manner for the laser to pass through the first chamber. The area of the second opening is larger than the area of the first opening; A first flow channel for accessing protective gas, the first flow channel extending along a second direction, the first flow channel communicating with the first chamber, and an opening of the first flow channel communicating with the first chamber facing the first opening, the second direction intersecting the first direction.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first direction and the second direction have an included angle α, satisfying: 30° ≤ α ≤ 45°.

[0007] In some embodiments, the body further has a third flow channel communicating with the first chamber; Along the first direction, an opening of the third flow channel communicating with the first chamber and an opening of the first flow channel communicating with the first chamber are both provided on a side of the first chamber close to the first opening and facing the first opening.

[0008] In some embodiments, the welding terminal further includes: A first housing connected to the body and disposed on an outer wall of the body, the first housing and the body enclosing a second chamber, the second chamber communicating with the third flow channel; the first housing has a first through hole penetrating a housing wall of the first housing and communicating with the second chamber; A second housing connected to the body and disposed on a side close to the second opening along the first direction; the second housing has a third chamber, and along the first direction, the third chamber communicates with the second opening; the second housing further has a second through hole communicating with the third chamber; A third housing connected to the second housing and the first housing and enclosing a fourth chamber, the fourth chamber communicating with the second through hole and the first through hole; the third housing has a third through hole communicating with the fourth chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, the welding device further includes: An image acquisition device, an image acquisition end of the image acquisition device facing the bearing surface for acquiring an image of the target workpiece; A moving device disposed on the machine table, the moving device connected to the image acquisition device and the laser emission device for driving the image acquisition device and the laser emission device to move in a plane parallel to the bearing surface.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a welding method applied to the welding device according to any one of the first aspects, the welding method including: Set the target workpiece on the bearing surface; Pass a shielding gas through the first flow channel to the welding position of the target workpiece; Adjust the emitting end of the laser emitting device so that the welding laser emitted from the emitting end passes through the second opening and the first opening, passes through the first chamber, and acts on the welding position; Start the laser emitting device to weld the target workpiece.

[0011] In some embodiments, before starting the laser emitting device to weld the target workpiece, the welding method further includes: Perform negative pressure suction on the welding position of the target workpiece through the third through hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the shielding gas is a L / min, satisfying: 40 ≤ a ≤ 60; The speed of performing negative pressure suction on the welding position of the target workpiece through the third through hole is b m / s, satisfying: 8 ≤ b ≤ 15; The laser emitting device includes an annular spot laser, and the Central power is c w, satisfying: 4500 ≤ c ≤ 5000; Annular power is d w, satisfying: 2500 ≤ d ≤ 3000.

[0013] In some embodiments, a = 50, b = 12, c = 4800, d = 2700.

[0014] In some embodiments, the target workpiece includes a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded. Before passing the shielding gas through the first flow channel to the welding position of the target workpiece, the welding method further includes: Move the image acquisition device through the mobile device so that the target workpiece is within the field of view of the image acquisition device; Scan the target workpiece through the image acquisition device to obtain a three-dimensional point cloud image of the surface to be welded of the target workpiece; Determine the target area to be welded and the height reference of the target workpiece; Obtain the three-dimensional point cloud images of the first workpiece to be welded and the second workpiece to be welded in the target area; Obtain the average distance between multiple points in the three-dimensional point cloud image of the first workpiece to be welded and the height reference, which is the first height; Obtain the average distance between multiple points in the three-dimensional point cloud image of the second workpiece to be welded and the height reference, which is the second height; Determine that the target workpiece meets the welding requirements in response to the difference between the first height and the second height being within the distance threshold.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, a welding device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a machine table, a laser emission device, and a welding terminal. The machine table is provided with a bearing surface for bearing a target workpiece to be welded; the laser emission device is connected to the machine table, and the emission end of the laser emission device faces the bearing surface to weld the target workpiece on the bearing surface; the welding terminal and the laser emission device are arranged on the same side of the machine table. The welding terminal includes a body, and a first chamber extending along the direction of the emission end is provided in the body. A first opening and a second opening are respectively provided at both ends of the first chamber along the direction of the emission end, so that the laser emitted from the emission end passes through the second opening and the first opening and then passes through the first chamber to act on the target workpiece, realizing the welding operation on the target workpiece; in the present application, the area of the second opening is larger than the area of the first opening, and the second opening and the first opening are communicated. When welding, the first opening is located on the side of the body close to the molten pool, and the second opening is located on the side of the body far from the molten pool. The temperature and air pressure at the first opening are higher than the temperature and air pressure at the second opening, so that the smoke and small particle welding slag generated by welding move from the first opening to the second opening, reducing the deposition amount of smoke and small particle welding slag in the molten pool, and effectively improving the welding quality; a first flow channel is further provided in the body, and the first flow channel is arranged along a direction intersecting with the direction of the emission end, and the first flow channel is communicated with the first chamber. The opening of the first flow channel communicating with the first chamber faces the first opening, so as to introduce a protective gas into the welding molten pool through the first chamber during the welding process, isolate the molten pool from the air, and avoid oxidation of the molten pool. The present application provides a welding device for connecting a copper bar and an electrical component, replacing the traditional bolt connection scheme, solving the problem of virtual connection caused by loosening of the traditional bolt connection scheme in a vibration environment. At the same time, the laser welding method has a shorter operation cycle than the bolt connection method, which is beneficial to improving production efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the welding terminal in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3The second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 The third cross-sectional view of the welding terminal in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 The three-dimensional view of the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 The step flow chart of the welding method provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 The specific flow chart of steps e to k in the welding method provided by the embodiment of the present application; Reference numerals: 10, body; 11, first chamber; 12, first opening; 13, first flow channel; 14, second flow channel; 15, third flow channel; 16, second opening; 20, first housing; 21, second chamber; 22, first through hole; 30, second housing; 31, third chamber; 32, second through hole; 40, third housing; 41, fourth chamber; 42, third through hole; 50, machine table; 51, bearing surface; 60, laser emitting device; 70, welding terminal; 80, image acquisition device; 90, mobile device; X, first direction; Y, second direction. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] With the progress of automotive technology, energy storage technology, and electronic control technology, the development of electric vehicles has become increasingly mature. Compared with fuel vehicles, due to the green travel mode and lower cost of electric vehicles, consumers are more inclined to choose electric vehicles as a means of transportation, resulting in an increasing market share of electric vehicles.

[0020] The electronic control device for controlling the energy storage battery in an electric vehicle includes a BMU (Battery Management Unit), and the BMU is connected to the energy storage device through a wire harness. The BMU includes various electrical components, and the electrical components are mostly connected by copper bars, and the electrical components and the copper bars are connected by bolts. The main installation method is that the main contacts of the relay are opened on the copper bar, and after being connected by bolts, a tightening gun is used to tighten the bolts to achieve the purpose of fixed torque. However, this method has a long operation cycle, low efficiency, and a high risk of virtual connection after long-term vibration in the bolt connection method.

[0021] In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a welding device. Please refer toFigures 1 to 5 , Figure 1 is a perspective view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 is a first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 is a second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 is a third cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 is a perspective view of the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a machine table 50, a laser emitting device 60, and a welding terminal 70. The machine table 50 is provided with a bearing surface 51 for bearing a target workpiece to be welded; the laser emitting device 60 is connected to the machine table 50, and the emitting end of the laser emitting device 60 faces the bearing surface 51 to weld the target workpiece on the bearing surface 51; the welding terminal 70 and the laser emitting device 60 are arranged on the same side of the machine table 50. The welding terminal 70 includes a body 10. A first chamber 11 extending along the direction of the emitting end is provided in the body 10. And a first opening 12 and a second opening 16 are respectively formed at both ends of the first chamber 11 along the direction of the emitting end, so that the laser emitted from the emitting end passes through the second opening 16 and the first opening 12 and then passes through the first chamber 11 to act on the target workpiece, realizing the welding operation on the target workpiece; in the present application, the area of the second opening 16 is larger than that of the first opening 12, and the second opening 16 and the first opening 12 are arranged in a through manner. When welding, the first opening 12 is located on the side of the body 10 close to the molten pool, and the second opening 16 is located on the side of the body 10 far from the molten pool. The temperature and air pressure at the first opening 12 are higher than those at the second opening 16, so that the smoke and small particle welding slag generated by welding move from the first opening 12 to the second opening 16, reducing the deposition amount of smoke and small particle welding slag in the molten pool, and effectively improving the welding quality; a first flow channel 13 is further provided in the body 10. The first flow channel 13 is arranged along a direction intersecting with the direction of the emitting end, and the first flow channel 13 is communicated with the first chamber 11. The opening of the first flow channel 13 communicated with the first chamber 11 faces the first opening 12, so as to introduce a protective gas into the welding molten pool through the first chamber 11 during the welding process, isolating the molten pool from the air and avoiding oxidation of the molten pool. The present application provides a welding device for connecting a copper bar and an electrical component, replacing the traditional bolt connection scheme, solving the problem of virtual connection caused by loosening of the traditional bolt connection scheme in a vibration environment. At the same time, the laser welding method has a shorter operation cycle than the bolt connection method, which is beneficial to improving production efficiency. It can be understood that, for the convenience of description and understanding, in the present application, the direction of the emitting end of the laser emitting device 60 is defined as the first direction X, and the extending direction of the first flow channel 13 is defined as the second direction Y.

[0022] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 which is the first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 and Figure 3 is the second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the first chamber 11 penetrates through the body 10 along the first direction X, and a first opening 12 and a second opening 16 are respectively formed at both ends of the body 10 after penetration. Along the first direction X, the first opening 12 is disposed on one side of the body 10 close to the bearing surface 51, and the second opening 16 is disposed on one side of the body 10 away from the bearing surface 51. It can be understood that during laser welding, the first opening 12 faces the welding point, the laser enters from the second opening 16 along the first direction X, and exits from the first opening 12 through the first chamber 11 to the welding point for welding. The first chamber 11 can limit the movement of the smoke and slag generated during welding, reducing the pollution to the external environment.

[0023] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 which is the first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 and Figure 3 is the second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The area of the second opening 16 is larger than the area of the first opening 12, and the second opening 16 and the first opening 12 are in through communication. Along the first direction X, along the path from the second opening 16 towards the first opening 12, in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the cross-sectional area of the first chamber 11 gradually increases, so that the first chamber 11 forms a frustum-shaped cavity. Specifically, in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the cross-section of the first chamber 11 is a rectangle, a square, a circle or other geometric figures with symmetry, so that the first chamber 11 forms a frustum of a square pyramid or a frustum of a cone-shaped cavity; it can be understood that due to the frustum-shaped cavity of the first chamber 11 and the opening area of the first opening 12 being smaller than the opening area of the second opening 16, during laser welding, the welding area facing the first opening 12 is a high-temperature and high-pressure area, and the temperature and pressure gradually decrease along the first direction X towards the second opening 16, so that the welding fumes and slag with extremely low density will spread towards the second opening 16 and be temporarily stored in the first chamber 11, reducing the leakage amount from below the first opening 12 and reducing the pollution to the external environment.

[0024] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 2 which is the first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3The second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 The third cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The first flow channel 13 is a circular tubular flow channel. In a plane perpendicular to the second direction Y, the cross-section of the first flow channel 13 is circular.

[0025] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. There is an included angle α between the first direction X and the second direction Y. It can be understood that as the included angle α decreases, the purging direction of the shielding gas gradually becomes perpendicular to the liquid surface of the molten pool, the area of the liquid surface of the molten pool directly purged increases, the instability of the molten pool increases, and the amount of spatter gradually increases, resulting in an increase in the number of blowholes after welding; as the included angle α increases, the purging direction of the shielding gas gradually becomes parallel to the welding surface, the area of the liquid surface of the molten pool directly purged decreases, and the amount of shielding gas blown into the molten pool gradually decreases, making the molten pool unable to effectively isolate oxygen, causing oxidation of the molten pool during welding, and impurities will enter the weld, affecting the weld strength and appearance quality. Therefore, α in the present application satisfies: 30° ≤ α ≤ 45°.

[0026] In some embodiments, α can be selected as any value or a value between any two values among 30°, 31°, 32°, 33°, 34°, 35°, 36°, 37°, 38°, 39°, 40°, 41°, 42°, 43°, 44°, 45°. In the present application, the included angle α is selected as 45°.

[0027] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 1 The three-dimensional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 The first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 The second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 4This is the third cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the main body 10 of the welding device further has a second flow channel 14. The second flow channel 14 extends around the first chamber 11. Along the second direction Y, one side of the first flow channel 13 away from the first chamber 11 is communicated with the second flow channel 14. Specifically, in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X, the second flow channel 14 is extendedly opened around the first chamber 11, and openings are provided at both ends extending along the second flow channel 14 to access and discharge the protective gas. At the same time, in the present application, a plurality of first flow channels 13 are provided. Taking the first chamber 11 as a square pyramid frustum as an example, the first flow channels 13 are provided on multiple chamber walls of the first chamber 11 to blow the protective gas at the welding point from multiple angles, improve the coverage rate of the protective gas at the welding point, improve the air isolation of the welding point, and reduce the oxidation phenomenon of the molten pool.

[0028] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is the three-dimensional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 This is the first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 This is the second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the main body 10 of the welding device further has a third flow channel 15. The third flow channel 15 is communicated with the first chamber 11. Specifically, the third flow channel 15 is a circular tubular flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of the third flow channel 15 is larger than that of the first flow channel 13. The third flow channel 15 is used to discharge the used protective gas, invisible welding slag generated by welding, and welding fumes in the first chamber 11. Further, taking the first chamber 11 formed as a square pyramid frustum as an example, the first flow channels 13 are provided on three chamber walls of the first chamber 11, and the third flow channel 15 is provided on the fourth chamber wall.

[0029] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is the three-dimensional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 This is the first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3A second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, along the first direction X, the opening of the third flow channel 15 of the welding device communicating with the first chamber 11, and the opening of the first flow channel 13 communicating with the first chamber 11 are both arranged on the side of the first chamber 11 close to the first opening 12, and facing the first opening 12, so that the used protective gas, welding slag invisible to the naked eye, and fume generated by welding in the first chamber 11 can be sucked in real time by negative pressure through the third flow channel 15 during welding.

[0030] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a welding terminal 70 in a welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a first cross-sectional view of a welding terminal 70 in a welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 A second cross-sectional view of a welding terminal 70 in a welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the welding device further comprises a first shell 20, the first shell 20 is connected to the body 10, and is disposed on the outer wall of the body 10, the first shell 20 and the body 10 enclose a second chamber 21, and the second chamber 21 is communicated with the third flow channel 15; the first shell 20 has a first through hole 22, the first through hole 22 passes through the shell wall of the first shell 20, and is communicated with the second chamber 21. It can be understood that the first through hole 22 is connected to an external negative pressure device, the negative pressure device is connected to the second chamber 21 through the first through hole 22, and negative pressure suction is performed on the used protective gas in the first chamber 11, the welding slag invisible to the naked eye generated by welding, and the fume generated by welding through the third flow channel 15.

[0031] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a welding terminal 70 in a welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a first cross-sectional view of a welding terminal 70 in a welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 The second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the welding device further includes a second shell 30, which is connected to the body 10 and is arranged on a side close to the second opening 16 along the first direction X; the second shell 30 has a third chamber 31, and the third chamber 31 is connected to the second opening 16 along the first direction X. Specifically, the second shell 30 is a tubular through shell, and the third chamber 31 of the second shell 30 is arranged to be connected to the first chamber 11 along the first direction X, and can receive the used protective gas in the first chamber 11, the welding slag invisible to the naked eye generated by welding, and the fume generated by welding while allowing the laser to pass through.

[0032] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 which is a perspective view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 which is a first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 which is a second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the second housing 30 further has a second through hole 32, and the second through hole 32 communicates with the third chamber 31. Specifically, the second through hole 32 is provided on the tubular housing wall of the second housing 30 and penetrates the housing wall of the second housing 30. The second through hole 32 is connected to an external negative pressure device to suck the used protective gas introduced by the second housing 30 from the first chamber 11, the invisible welding slag generated during welding, and the welding fumes.

[0033] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 which is a perspective view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 which is a first cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 which is a second cross-sectional view of the welding terminal 70 in the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the welding device further includes a third housing 40. The third housing 40 is connected to the second housing 30 and the first housing 20 and encloses to form a fourth chamber 41. The fourth chamber 41 communicates with the second through hole 32 and the first through hole 22. The third housing 40 has a third through hole 42, and the third through hole 42 communicates with the fourth chamber 41. Specifically, the third through hole 42 is connected to an external negative pressure device to perform negative pressure suction on the used protective gas, the invisible welding slag generated during welding, and the welding fumes in the second chamber 21 and the third chamber 31 through the third through hole 42 and the fourth chamber 41.

[0034] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5A perspective view of the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes an image acquisition device 80 for acquiring a three-dimensional point cloud image of a target workpiece to determine whether the target workpiece meets the welding conditions. Specifically, the image acquisition end of the image acquisition device 80 faces the bearing surface 51. In the present application, the image acquisition device includes a three-dimensional surface profiler, and the image acquisition end of the three-dimensional surface profiler faces the bearing surface 51. After the target workpiece is installed on the bearing surface 51, the three-dimensional surface profiler is moved so that the target workpiece is within the imaging field of view of the image acquisition end, and then a three-dimensional point cloud image of the target workpiece is acquired by means of laser scanning.

[0035] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A perspective view of the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a moving device 90. The moving device 90 is arranged on the machine table 50. The moving device 90 is connected to the image acquisition device 80 and the laser emission device 60 and is used to drive the image acquisition device 80 and the laser emission device 60 to move in a plane parallel to the bearing surface 51. For example, the implementation of the moving device 90 can be achieved through a lead screw nut mechanism, a piston cylinder mechanism, etc.

[0036] Understandably, the welding device provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a machine table 50, a laser emission device 60, and a welding terminal 70. The machine table 50 is provided with a bearing surface 51 for bearing the target workpiece to be welded; the laser emission device 60 is connected to the machine table 50, and the emission end of the laser emission device 60 faces the bearing surface 51 to weld the target workpiece on the bearing surface 51; the welding terminal 70 and the laser emission device 60 are arranged on the same side of the machine table 50. The welding terminal 70 includes a body 10. A first chamber 11 extending along the direction of the emission end is arranged in the body 10. First openings 12 and second openings 16 are respectively formed at both ends of the first chamber 11 along the direction of the emission end, so that the laser emitted from the emission end passes through the second opening 16 and the first opening 12 and then passes through the first chamber 11 to act on the target workpiece, realizing the welding operation on the target workpiece; in the present application, the area of the second opening 16 is larger than that of the first opening 12, and the second opening 16 and the first opening 12 are arranged in a through manner. When welding, the first opening 12 is located on the side of the body 10 close to the molten pool, and the second opening 16 is located on the side of the body 10 away from the molten pool. The temperature and air pressure at the first opening 12 are higher than those at the second opening 16, so that the smoke and small particle welding slag generated by welding move from the first opening 12 to the second opening 16, reducing the deposition amount of smoke and small particle welding slag in the molten pool, and effectively improving the welding quality; a first flow channel 13 is further arranged in the body 10. The first flow channel 13 is arranged along a direction intersecting with the direction of the emission end, and the first flow channel 13 is communicated with the first chamber 11. The opening of the first flow channel 13 communicating with the first chamber 11 faces the first opening 12, so as to introduce a protective gas into the welding molten pool through the first chamber 11 during the welding process, isolate the molten pool from the air, and avoid oxidation of the molten pool. The present application provides a welding device for connecting a copper busbar and an electrical component, replacing the traditional bolt connection scheme, solving the problem of virtual connection caused by loosening of the traditional bolt connection scheme in a vibration environment. At the same time, the laser welding method has a shorter operation cycle than the bolt connection method, which is beneficial to improving production efficiency.

[0037] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a welding method, which is applied to the welding device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which is a step flow chart of the welding method provided by the embodiment of the present application. The welding method provided by the embodiment of the present application is specifically implemented through steps 100 to 400: Step 100: Place the target workpiece on the bearing surface 51.

[0038] In some embodiments, after the workpiece is fixed on the bearing surface 51, the target workpiece needs to be detected to determine whether the target workpiece meets the welding requirements. Specifically, the target workpiece includes a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded. Please refer to Figure 7 ,Figure 7 This is a specific flowchart of steps e to k in the welding method provided by the embodiments of this application. The method for determining whether the target workpiece meets the welding requirements is specifically implemented through steps e to k: Step e: Move the image acquisition device 80 through the mobile device 90 so that the target workpiece is within the field of view of the image acquisition device 80; Step f: Scan the target workpiece through the image acquisition device 80 to obtain a three-dimensional point cloud image of the welding surface of the target workpiece; Step g: Determine the target area to be welded and the height reference of the target workpiece; Step h: Obtain the three-dimensional point cloud images of the first workpiece to be welded and the second workpiece to be welded in the target area; Step i: Obtain the average distance between multiple points in the three-dimensional point cloud image of the first workpiece to be welded and the height reference, which is the first height; Step j: Obtain the average distance between multiple points in the three-dimensional point cloud image of the second workpiece to be welded and the height reference, which is the second height; Step k: In response to the difference between the first height and the second height being within the distance threshold, determine that the target workpiece meets the welding requirements.

[0039] Step 200: Introduce the shielding gas into the welding position of the target workpiece through the first flow channel 13.

[0040] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the shielding gas is a L / min, satisfying: 40 ≤ a ≤ 60. Specifically, a can be selected from any value or any value between any two values among 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60. In this application, the flow rate of the shielding gas is 50 L / min, which can effectively ensure that the welding molten pool is completely covered by the shielding gas during the copper bar welding, isolating oxygen. An excessive shielding gas flow rate affects the stability of the molten pool during the welding process, causing spatter, generating explosion holes and burrs, and affecting the weld quality. A too small shielding gas flow rate cannot completely cover the surface of the molten pool, resulting in oxidation and impurities entering the weld during welding, affecting the weld strength and appearance quality.

[0041] In some embodiments, during laser welding, shielding gases such as argon, nitrogen, and helium can be introduced. In this application, nitrogen is introduced as the shielding gas.

[0042] In some embodiments, before starting the laser emitting device 60 to weld the target workpiece, while introducing the shielding gas through the first flow channel 13, the welding position of the target workpiece is subjected to negative pressure suction through the third through hole 42 to remove the fumes, tiny welding slag particles and used shielding devices generated during the welding process. Specifically, the speed of negative pressure suction on the welding position of the target workpiece through the third through hole 42 is b m / s, satisfying: 8 ≤ b ≤ 15, and b can be selected from any value in 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5, 11, 11.5, 12, 12.5, 13, 13.5, 14, 14.5, 15 or any value between any two values. In this application, the speed of negative pressure suction on the welding position of the target workpiece through the third through hole 42 is 12 m / s, which can effectively ensure that the spatter and fumes generated during the copper busbar welding are sucked away by the dust extraction pipeline, without blocking the laser light path, and ensure that the shielding gas below the welding terminal 70 completely covers the molten pool. An excessive dust extraction wind speed will cause the shielding gas below the welding terminal 70 to be sucked away and unable to cover the molten pool to isolate oxygen. A too small dust extraction wind speed cannot effectively suck away the spatter and fumes, causing the laser light path to be blocked and affecting the welding power.

[0043] Step 300: Adjust the emitting end of the laser emitting device 60 so that the welding laser emitted from the emitting end passes through the second opening 16 and the first opening 12 and passes through the first chamber 11 and acts on the welding position.

[0044] Step 400: Start the laser emitting device 60 to weld the target workpiece.

[0045] In some embodiments, the laser emitting device 60 in this application includes an annular spot laser, whose central power is c w, satisfying: 4500 ≤ c ≤ 5000, and the annular power is d w, satisfying: 2500 ≤ d ≤ 3000. Specifically, c can be selected from any value in 4500, 4550, 4600, 4650, 4700, 4750, 4800, 4850, 4900, 4950, 5000 or any value between any two values, and d can be selected from any value in 2500, 2550, 2600, 2650, 2700, 2750, 2800, 2850, 2900, 2950, 3000 or any value between any two values. In this application, the central power of the annular spot laser is 4800 w and the annular power is 2700 w. It can be understood that when the central power of 4800 w and the annular power of 2700 w are selected, it can effectively ensure that the values of the penetration depth and the weld width during the copper busbar welding meet the process requirements, and can effectively reduce the spatter during the welding process, while reducing the thermal influence during the copper busbar welding. Excessive power will cause serious spatter, large thermal influence, and generate problems such as hole explosion and burrs, affecting the weld quality. Too small power will cause the penetration depth and the weld width not to meet the process requirements, affecting the connection strength.

[0046] Understandably, when the product is manufactured by means of bolt connection, the single-point beat is 20 s. When the product is manufactured by using the welding equipment and welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the single-point beat can be shortened to 5 s. It can be seen that the production efficiency is increased by 400%. Secondly, under long-term vibration conditions, the connection torque of the bolt connection method will continuously decay, generally with a decay rate of 10%, and the problem of loose connection is likely to occur. However, when using the welding equipment and welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, under long-term vibration, its connection strength is basically not decayed, generally with a decay rate of 1%. It can be seen that compared with the bolt connection, the present application effectively improves the connection strength.

[0047] The above has introduced in detail a welding equipment and a welding method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A welding device, characterized in that: include: A machine platform (50), wherein the machine platform (50) has a bearing surface (51), and the bearing surface (51) is used to bear a target workpiece; A laser emitting device (60), the laser emitting device (60) being connected to the machine platform (50), and the emitting end of the laser emitting device (60) facing the carrying surface (51); A welding terminal (70), wherein the welding terminal (70) and the laser emitting device (60) are arranged on the same side of the machine platform (50), and the welding terminal (70) comprises a body (10), and the body (10) has: A first chamber (11), the first chamber (11) extending along a first direction (X), the first direction (X) being the direction of the transmitting end; A first opening (12), the first opening (12) being in communication with the first chamber (11), and the first opening (12) being arranged on a side of the body (10) close to the bearing surface (51) along the first direction (X); a second opening (16), the second opening (16) being in communication with the first chamber (11); along the first direction (X), the second opening (16) being arranged on a side of the body (10) away from the bearing surface (51); along the first direction (X), the second opening (16) and the first opening (12) being arranged in a through-connected manner, for allowing laser light to pass through the first chamber (11); and an area of ​​the second opening (16) being larger than an area of ​​the first opening (12); A first flow channel (13), wherein the first flow channel (13) is used for receiving a protective gas, the first flow channel (13) is extended along a second direction (Y), the first flow channel (13) is connected to the first chamber (11), and an opening of the first flow channel (13) connected to the first chamber (11) faces the first opening (12), and the second direction (Y) intersects with the first direction (X).

2. The welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) have an angle α, which satisfies: 30°≤α≤45°.

3. The welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that The body (10) further comprises a third flow channel (15), wherein the third flow channel (15) is in communication with the first chamber (11); Along the first direction (X), the opening through which the third flow channel (15) communicates with the first chamber (11), and the opening through which the first flow channel (13) communicates with the first chamber (11), are both arranged on a side of the first chamber (11) close to the first opening (12) and facing the first opening (12).

4. The welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding terminal (70) further comprises: a first shell (20), the first shell (20) being connected to the body (10) and being arranged on the outer wall of the body (10), the first shell (20) and the body (10) enclosing a second chamber (21), the second chamber (21) being communicated with the third flow channel (15); the first shell (20) having a first through hole (22), the first through hole (22) penetrating the shell wall of the first shell (20) and being communicated with the second chamber (21); a second shell (30), the second shell (30) being connected to the body (10) and being arranged on a side close to the second opening (16) along the first direction (X); the second shell (30) having a third chamber (31), the third chamber (31) being communicated with the second opening (16) along the first direction (X); the second shell (30) also having a second through hole (32), the second through hole (32) being communicated with the third chamber (31); A third shell (40), wherein the third shell (40) is connected to the second shell (30) and the first shell (20), and encloses a fourth chamber (41), wherein the fourth chamber (41) is communicated with the second through hole (32) and the first through hole (22); and the third shell (40) has a third through hole (42), and the third through hole (42) is communicated with the fourth chamber (41).

5. The welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding equipment also includes: An image acquisition device (80), wherein an image acquisition end of the image acquisition device (80) faces the carrying surface (51) and is used to acquire an image of the target workpiece; A mobile device (90), wherein the mobile device (90) is arranged on the machine platform (50), and the mobile device (90) is connected to the image acquisition device (80) and the laser emitting device (60), and is used to drive the image acquisition device (80) and the laser emitting device (60) to move in a plane parallel to the carrying surface (51).

6. A welding method, characterized in that: Applied to the welding equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the welding method comprises: placing the target workpiece on the bearing surface (51); Passing a shielding gas into a welding position of the target workpiece through the first flow channel (13); adjusting the emitting end of the laser emitting device (60) so that the welding laser emitted by the emitting end passes through the second opening (16) and the first opening (12) and through the first chamber (11) to act on the welding position; The laser emitting device (60) is started to weld the target workpiece.

7. The welding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before starting the laser emitting device to weld the target workpiece, the welding method further includes: Negative pressure suction is performed on the welding position of the target workpiece through the third through hole (42).

8. The welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flow rate of the protective gas is a L / min, satisfying: 40≤a≤60; The speed of negative pressure suction on the welding position of the target workpiece through the third through hole (42) is bm / s, satisfying: 8≤b≤15; The laser emitting device (60) comprises an annular spot laser. The center power is cw, satisfying: 4500≤c≤5000; The ring power is dw, satisfying: 2500≤d≤3000.

9. The welding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: a=50, b=12, c=4800, d=2700.

10. The welding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The target workpiece comprises a first workpiece to be welded and a second workpiece to be welded. Before the protective gas is introduced into the welding position of the target workpiece through the first flow channel (13), the welding method further comprises: Moving the image acquisition device (80) by means of a mobile device (90) so that the target workpiece is located within the field of view of the image acquisition device (80); Scanning the target workpiece by means of the image acquisition device (80) to acquire a three-dimensional point cloud image of the surface to be welded of the target workpiece; Determine the target area and height reference of the target workpiece to be welded; Acquire a three-dimensional point cloud image of the first workpiece to be welded and a three-dimensional point cloud image of the second workpiece to be welded in the target area; Obtaining an average value of distances between a plurality of points in the three-dimensional point cloud image of the first workpiece to be welded and the height reference as a first height; Obtaining an average value of distances between a plurality of points in the three-dimensional point cloud image of the second workpiece to be welded and the height reference as a second height; In response to a difference between the first height and the second height being within a distance threshold, it is determined that the target workpiece meets welding requirements.

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