Electric truck overlength battery swap system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electric truck battery replacement, and discloses an electric truck super-long battery replacement system, which comprises a guide groove and a battery compartment. The upper end of the guide groove is larger than the lower end in size, and the whole is a conical structure. A hydraulic buffer mechanism is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the battery compartment. The hydraulic buffer mechanism comprises not less than two hydraulic cylinders which are the same in specification. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner bottom of the battery compartment, and the other end is connected with a supporting plate. The hydraulic circuits between all the hydraulic cylinders are communicated with each other. The battery compartment is used for storing batteries. The lower end of the battery compartment is connected with a track. The number of the battery compartments is not less than two, and the battery compartments are evenly distributed along the track. The application has a self-adaptive buffer and a quick docking mechanism, and solves the problems that the docking precision of the battery pack and the vehicle chassis is insufficient in the prior art, and the battery is easily damaged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric truck battery replacement, specifically to an electric truck super-long battery replacement system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development worldwide, electric trucks are gradually becoming an important choice for the logistics industry as a replacement for traditional fuel trucks. However, the promotion of electric trucks faces two major technical bottlenecks: battery endurance and battery replacement efficiency. Currently, electric trucks mostly use fixed battery designs, with limited battery capacity, making it difficult to meet the needs of long-distance transportation. Although increasing battery capacity can extend the endurance mileage, it will lead to an increase in vehicle weight, affecting the load capacity. In addition, traditional charging methods take a long time, which cannot meet the requirements of the logistics industry for efficient operation, especially in long-distance transportation and frequent back-and-forth scenarios, charging time has become a key factor restricting the popularization of electric trucks.

[0003] Existing battery replacement technology is mainly aimed at small electric vehicles, such as electric passenger cars or electric taxis, with smaller battery volume and relatively simple battery replacement process. However, the battery volume and weight of electric trucks are much larger than those of small electric vehicles, and existing battery replacement technology cannot be directly applied to electric trucks. In addition, existing battery replacement systems mostly use complex mechanical structures and manual operation, with long battery replacement time, low efficiency, and potential safety hazards. In particular, in the logistics industry, electric trucks need to frequently replace batteries to maintain efficient operation, and existing battery replacement technology cannot meet this demand. Therefore, developing a super-long battery modular replacement system suitable for electric trucks has become a key technical direction to solve the endurance and battery replacement problems of electric trucks. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) The technical problem solved: In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an electric truck super-long battery replacement system with adaptive buffering and rapid docking mechanism, which solves the problem of insufficient precision of battery pack and vehicle chassis docking in the prior art, and the battery is easily damaged.

[0005] (II) Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of solving the insufficient precision of battery pack and vehicle chassis docking in the prior art, the present application provides the following technical solution: an electric truck super-long battery replacement system, comprising a guide groove and a battery compartment, the guide groove is hollow inside, the opening size of the upper end of the guide groove is larger than that of the lower end, and the overall space inside the guide groove is a conical structure.

[0006] The battery compartment is arranged directly below the guide groove, and the inner bottom surface of the battery compartment is provided with a hydraulic buffer mechanism, which comprises at least two hydraulic cylinders with the same specification, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner bottom of the battery compartment, and the other end is connected with a supporting plate through a ball head connector; the supporting plate has vertical movement freedom under the action of the hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic circuits between all the hydraulic cylinders are interconnected;

[0007] The battery compartment forms a groove for storing and charging batteries, and the lower end of the battery compartment is connected with a track, the number of battery compartments is not less than two, and they are evenly distributed along the track, and the battery compartments are movable on the track.

[0008] Preferably, the number of hydraulic cylinders is not less than four, and they are arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment; the hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with the battery compartment by bolts; the lower surface of the supporting plate is provided with four inclination sensors, which are arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the guide groove is provided with guide wheels which are evenly distributed in the vertical direction, the guide wheels have the freedom of rotation around the axis, and the rotation axis of the guide wheel is parallel to the ground; the outer surface of the guide wheel is provided with an anti-collision layer made of elastic material.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the battery compartment is provided with an electromagnetic positioning strip, and the lower surface of the guide groove is also provided with a corresponding electromagnetic positioning strip, when the battery compartment moves to the designated position, the electromagnetic positioning strip is turned on, and at this time the battery compartment is connected with the guide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the lower surface of the battery compartment is provided with an electric control pulley, the battery compartment is connected with the track through the electric control pulley, the electric control pulley is controlled by a control system, and the battery compartment has the freedom of movement on the track through the electric control pulley.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic circuits between the hydraulic cylinders are interconnected through high-pressure hoses, and the high-pressure hoses are provided with electromagnetic control valves.

[0013] Preferably, the upper surface of the supporting plate is provided with a buffer pad made of elastic material.

[0014] Preferably, the guide groove comprises two long plates and two side plates, the long plates and the side plates are combined into the guide groove, the long plates and the side plates can be separated, and the outer surfaces of the long plates and the side plates are provided with pull rods.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the pull rod is connected to the long plate or the side plate, and the other end is connected to the motor, and the pull rod can drive the long plate and the side plate to move linearly in the horizontal direction under the drive of the motor.

[0016] (Three) beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the electric truck super-long battery replacement system has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The electric truck super-long battery replacement system realizes high-precision docking and buffer protection of the battery module through the setting of the guide groove and the hydraulic buffer structure; when the vehicle is stopped, the hydraulic cylinder drives the supporting plate to move upward, and after the supporting plate is stopped, the battery door at the bottom of the vehicle is opened, and the battery module naturally falls onto the supporting plate; since the position of the supporting plate is raised and the upper surface of the supporting plate is provided with an elastic buffer pad, the impact force received by the battery module during the falling process is effectively absorbed, and deformation of the battery shell or damage of internal components is avoided; then, the hydraulic cylinder drives the supporting plate to slowly descend, and the battery module is smoothly sent into the guide groove; the guide groove adopts a tapered structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and the gradually narrowing outer periphery guides the battery module accurately, and the inner wall of the guide groove is provided with uniformly distributed guide wheels, and the outer surface of the guide wheels is covered with an elastic anti-collision layer, which reduces the friction between the battery module and the inner wall of the guide groove and ensures smooth sliding of the battery module; finally, under the guidance of the guide groove, the battery module smoothly enters the charging bin, realizing precise docking.

[0018] 2. The electric truck super-long battery replacement system effectively solves the problems of impact force and uneven stress when the super-long battery falls by setting the hydraulic buffer mechanism and adopting a hydraulic circuit intercommunication design; specifically, the hydraulic cylinders in the hydraulic buffer mechanism are connected to each other through high-pressure hoses to form a hydraulic circuit; when the battery module falls onto the supporting plate, since the overall length of the super-long battery is large, it is difficult to ensure that the lower surface of the battery module contacts the supporting plate at the same time, and often one end contacts first; such single-point contact can cause the pressure on the contact surface to increase suddenly, which can easily cause damage to the battery; in the present application, the hydraulic cylinder circuits below the supporting plate are connected, and when one end is subjected to force first, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder at this end is extruded and flows to other hydraulic cylinders through the high-pressure hose, which not only buffers the impact force of the falling battery, but also automatically restores the horizontal state of the supporting plate through the passive compensation of the hydraulic oil, which not only ensures the safety of the battery, but also reduces the cost by adjusting the hydraulic cylinder through passive compensation.

[0019] 3、The electric truck super-long battery replacement system, by dividing the guide groove into two long plates and two side plates, and setting pull rods and motors on the outer surface, realizes flexible adjustment of the guide groove, so that the motor can drive the two long plates and the two side plates to move linearly in the horizontal direction, compared with the prior art, the design can adapt to battery structures of various lengths and sizes, significantly improving the universality and adaptability of the system; in addition, the lower surface of the guide groove and the upper surface of the battery compartment are also provided with electromagnetic positioning strips, when the battery model changes and the battery compartment size is adjusted, the electromagnetic positioning strips generate magnetism when powered, and at the same time the motor drives the long plate and the side plate to move, until the lower surface of the guide groove and the electromagnetic positioning strips on the upper surface of the battery compartment attract each other, completing precise docking; this design not only realizes fast and precise docking of the guide groove and the battery compartment, but also significantly improves the flexibility and battery replacement efficiency of the system through intelligent control of the electromagnetic positioning strips, meeting the battery replacement needs of electric trucks for different specifications of batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the guide groove structure of the application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the guide groove structure of the application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the battery compartment structure of the application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is the state of the structure when encountering batteries of different lengths and battery compartments.

[0025] In the figure: 1, guide groove; 11, guide wheel; 111, anti-collision layer; 12, long plate; 13, side plate; 14, pull rod; 2, battery compartment; 21, electric control pulley; 3, hydraulic buffer mechanism; 31, hydraulic cylinder; 32, ball joint; 33, high-pressure hose; 34, electromagnetic control valve; 4, supporting plate; 41, buffer pad; 5, inclination sensor; 6, track; 7, electromagnetic positioning strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-4The electric truck super-long battery replacement system comprises a guide groove 1 and a battery compartment 2, the guide groove 1 is hollow inside, the upper end of the guide groove 1 is larger than the lower end in size, and the space inside the guide groove 1 is a whole conical structure, facilitating the positioning and guiding of the battery;

[0028] The battery compartment 2 is arranged directly below the guide groove 1, the battery compartment 2 is used for placing the battery and charging the battery inside, in actual use, the charging port electric contact can be arranged on the side surface of the charging compartment, or wireless charging can be realized by using the supporting plate 4; the hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the battery compartment 2, the hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 31 which are not less than two in number and are of the same specification, in this embodiment, the number of the hydraulic cylinders 31 is four, which are arranged uniformly at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment 2, in actual use, the distribution of the hydraulic cylinders 31 can be arranged according to the battery model, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the battery compartment 2 through a bolt, and the other end is connected with the supporting plate 4 through a ball head connector 32, so that when the hydraulic cylinders 31 are caused to fluctuate by the impact force of the battery, the hydraulic cylinders 31 can flexibly adapt to each other; the supporting plate 4 has a vertical direction movement freedom under the action of the hydraulic cylinders 31, so as to realize the lifting function; the hydraulic circuits between all the hydraulic cylinders 31 are interconnected, the hydraulic cylinders 31 are interconnected through high-pressure hoses 33, and the high-pressure hoses 33 are provided with electromagnetic control valves 34 inside, so as to effectively solve the problems of impact force and uneven stress when the super-long battery falls; specifically, the hydraulic cylinders 31 in the hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 are interconnected through the high-pressure hoses 33 to form a hydraulic circuit, when the battery module falls to the supporting plate 4, due to the large overall length of the super-long battery, it is difficult to ensure that the lower surface of the battery contacts the supporting plate 4 at the same time, and often one end contacts first, this single-point contact can cause the pressure of the contact surface to increase suddenly, which can easily cause damage to the battery; and the circuits of the hydraulic cylinders 31 below the supporting plate 4 are connected, when one end is first stressed, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 31 at the end is extruded and flows to other hydraulic cylinders 31 through the high-pressure hoses 33, not only buffering the impact force of the battery falling, but also automatically restoring the horizontal state of the supporting plate 4 through the passive compensation of the hydraulic oil, which not only ensures the safety of the battery, but also reduces the cost by passively compensating the hydraulic cylinders 31; at the same time, the lower surface of the supporting plate 4 is provided with inclination sensors 5, the number of the inclination sensors 5 is four, which are arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment 2, and the inclination sensors 5 can transmit inclination signals to the control system to further actively compensate the hydraulic cylinders 31.

[0029] The battery compartment 2 is internally used for storing batteries, and the lower end of the battery compartment 2 is connected with a track 6. The lower surface of the battery compartment 2 is provided with an electric control pulley 21, and the battery compartment 2 is connected with the track 6 through the electric control pulley 21. The electric control pulley 21 is controlled by a control system, and the battery compartment 2 has a moving freedom on the track 6 through the electric control pulley 21. The number of the battery compartment 2 is not less than two, and the battery compartment 2 is evenly distributed along the track 6. When a vehicle needs to replace batteries, the vehicle is parked at a designated point. At this time, the battery compartment 2 directly below the guide groove 1 is internally empty of batteries. After the vehicle battery enters the battery compartment 2, the battery compartment 2 carrying the empty battery uses the electric control pulley 21 to travel on the track 6 and leave the position below the guide groove 1. Then, the battery compartment 2 at the rear end carrying the full battery moves close to and aligns with the position directly below the guide groove 1, and the full battery is replaced into the vehicle to achieve battery replacement. Subsequently, the battery compartment 2 internally empty of batteries is parked directly below the guide groove 1 and waits for the next vehicle to be replaced.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The inner walls around the guide groove 1 are provided with guide wheels 11 which are evenly distributed in the vertical direction. The guide wheels 11 all have a freedom of rotation around the shaft. The rotation axis of the guide wheels 11 is parallel to the ground, so that the rotation direction of the guide wheels 11 is tangent to the falling direction of the battery, thereby reducing the friction between the battery and the guide groove 1. The outer surfaces of the guide wheels 11 are provided with anti-collision layers 111 made of elastic material. The upper surface of the supporting plate 4 is provided with a buffer pad 41 made of elastic material. In this embodiment, the elastic material is rubber material, which can effectively buffer the impact force of the battery.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 5 The guide groove 1 includes two long plates 12 and two side plates 13. The long plates 12 and the side plates 13 are combined into the guide groove 1, and the long plates 12 and the side plates 13 can be separated. The outer surfaces of the long plates 12 and the side plates 13 are provided with pull rods 14. In actual use, the battery compartment 2 can be arranged below a platform for parking a vehicle. The platform is provided with a battery port at the position for replacing the battery, and the motor and the pull rod 14 can be fixed to the inner wall downward through the battery port. One end of the pull rod 14 is connected with the long plate 12 or the side plate 13, and the other end is connected with the motor. The pull rod 14 can drive the long plate 12 and the side plate 13 to move linearly in the horizontal direction, so that the guide groove 1 can flexibly change the positions of the four edges according to batteries of different sizes. Compared with the prior art, the design can adapt to battery structures of various lengths and sizes, and significantly improves the universality and adaptability of the system.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 5The upper end surface of the battery compartment 2 is provided with an electromagnetic positioning strip 7, and the lower end surface of the guide groove 1 is also provided with a corresponding electromagnetic positioning strip 7. When the battery compartment 2 moves to the designated position, the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 is opened, and at this time, the battery compartment 2 is connected with the guide groove 1. When the battery model changes and the size of the battery compartment 2 is adjusted, the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 is powered to generate magnetism, and at the same time, the motor drives the long plate 12 and the side plate 13 to move until the lower surface of the guide groove 1 and the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 on the upper surface of the battery compartment 2 are attracted to each other, completing the precise docking.

[0033] In summary, the electric truck super-long battery replacement system realizes high-precision docking, efficient buffer protection and flexible adaptation of the battery module through the innovative design of the conical guide groove 1, the hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 and the electromagnetic positioning strip 7. The hydraulic buffer mechanism 3 is designed through a hydraulic circuit intercommunication, effectively absorbing the impact force when the battery falls, and through a passive compensation mechanism to ensure the horizontality of the supporting plate 4, avoiding damage to the battery due to uneven stress; the conical guide groove 1 combines with the guide wheel 11 and the anti-collision layer 111, reducing the friction when the battery slides, ensuring its smooth entry into the charging compartment; the electromagnetic positioning strip 7 cooperates with the adjustable guide groove 1, enabling the system to flexibly adapt to different specifications of the battery, significantly improving the battery replacement efficiency. The overall scheme not only ensures the safety of the battery, but also reduces the system cost, has high precision, high reliability and wide applicability, and meets the efficient demand of the electric truck for super-long battery replacement.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the present text, relational terms such as first and second and the like can only be used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprises a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An extra-long battery swapping system for electric trucks, comprising a guide groove (1) and a battery compartment (2), wherein the guide groove (1) is hollowed out, the upper opening of the guide groove (1) is larger than the lower opening, and the interior space of the guide groove (1) is generally conical; characterized in that: The battery compartment (2) is located directly below the guide groove (1). A hydraulic buffer mechanism (3) is provided on the bottom surface of the battery compartment (2). The hydraulic buffer mechanism (3) includes no less than two hydraulic cylinders (31) of the same specifications. One end of the hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the battery compartment (2), and the other end is connected to a support plate (4) through a ball joint connector (32). The support plate (4) has vertical freedom of movement under the action of the hydraulic cylinder (31). The hydraulic circuits between all the hydraulic cylinders (31) are interconnected. The battery compartment (2) has a slot inside that can store batteries and charge them. The lower end of the battery compartment (2) is connected to a track (6). There are no fewer than two battery compartments (2) that are evenly distributed along the track (6). The battery compartments (2) are movable on the track (6). During battery swapping, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pallet to move upward. After the pallet stops, the battery door under the vehicle opens, and the battery module falls naturally onto the pallet. Then, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pallet to slowly descend, smoothly sending the battery module into the guide slot. Finally, under the guidance of the guide slot, the battery module smoothly enters the charging compartment. The upper surface of the battery compartment (2) is provided with an electromagnetic positioning strip (7), and the lower surface of the guide groove (1) is also provided with an electromagnetic positioning strip (7) corresponding to the position. When the battery compartment (2) moves to the designated position, the electromagnetic positioning strip (7) is opened, and the battery compartment (2) and the guide groove (1) are connected at this time. The guide groove (1) includes two long plates (12) and two side plates (13). The long plates (12) and the side plates (13) are combined to form the guide groove (1). The long plates (12) and the side plates (13) can be separated. The outer surfaces of the long plates (12) and the side plates (13) are provided with pull rods (14).

2. The electric truck ultra-long battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of hydraulic cylinders (31) is not less than four, and they are arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment (2). The hydraulic cylinders (31) are fixedly connected to the battery compartment (2) by bolts. The lower surface of the tray (4) is provided with tilt sensors (5), and there are four tilt sensors (5), which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the battery compartment (2).

3. The electric truck ultra-long battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinders (31) are interconnected through a high-pressure hose (33), and an electromagnetic control valve (34) is installed inside the high-pressure hose (33).

4. The electric truck ultra-long battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the guide groove (1) are provided with guide wheels (11) evenly distributed in the vertical direction. Each guide wheel (11) has a degree of freedom to rotate along its own axis. The axis of rotation of the guide wheel (11) is parallel to the ground. The outer surface of each guide wheel (11) is provided with an anti-collision layer (111), which is made of elastic material.

5. The electric truck ultra-long battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the battery compartment (2) is provided with an electrically controlled pulley (21). The battery compartment (2) is connected to the track (6) through the electrically controlled pulley (21). The electrically controlled pulley (21) is controlled by the control system. The battery compartment (2) achieves the degree of freedom of movement on the track (6) through the electrically controlled pulley (21).

6. The electric truck ultra-long battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the tray (4) is provided with a cushioning pad (41), which is made of elastic material.

7. The electric truck ultra-long battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the pull rod (14) is connected to the long plate (12) or the side plate (13), and the other end is connected to the motor. Under the drive of the motor, the pull rod (14) can drive the long plate (12) and the side plate (13) to make a horizontal linear movement.

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