Anti-freezing mechanism of ship fresh water tank and ship structure thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship fresh water anti-freezing, and discloses an anti-freezing mechanism of a ship fresh water tank and a ship structure thereof.The anti-freezing mechanism comprises the fresh water tank, and a water outlet pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the fresh water tank; the fresh water pressure pump is connected to the tail end of the water outlet pipeline so as to receive fresh water of the fresh water tank, and the fresh water pressure pump is connected with a water using mechanism; one end of the fresh water backflow pipe is connected with the fresh water pressure pump, and the other end of the fresh water backflow pipe is connected with the top of the fresh water tank so that backflow fresh water can drip on the surface of fresh water in the fresh water tank. According to the anti-freezing mode, anti-freezing is achieved through self-circulation of fresh water, heat source supply of a steam boiler or a hot oil boiler is not needed, hot oil, compressed air and other media possibly containing oil or impurities do not need to be introduced, a drinking water source is prevented from being polluted, complex equipment such as a hot oil and hot water heater and an electric heating coil does not need to be additionally arranged, and the modification cost and the maintenance difficulty are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship fresh water antifreeze, and particularly to an antifreeze mechanism for a ship fresh water tank and a ship structure thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of ship design, the liquid tank antifreeze technology is an important link to ensure the safe operation of ships in cold regions. Especially for ships that need to sail in regions such as northern Europe and North America where the winter temperature is often below 0°C for a long time, the antifreeze problem of the fresh water tank is particularly critical. The fresh water in the fresh water tank is not only used for the cooling, fire fighting and other systems of ship equipment, but also needs to meet the sanitary requirements such as crew drinking and domestic water. Therefore, the antifreeze solution needs to take into account the antifreeze effect, water quality safety and system compatibility.

[0003] At present, the conventional liquid tank antifreeze technologies mainly include steam heating coils, hot oil heating coils, hot water heating coils, electric heating coils and bubble agitation, etc. However, these solutions have significant limitations when applied to fresh water tanks. Among them, the steam heating coil depends on the steam boiler system, and there is a risk of polluting the fresh water with the hot oil heating coil and compressed air to generate air flow agitation. The electric heating coil is limited by the power capacity: for ships with a tight power system load, the electric heating solution may cause power supply overload, and the applicable scenarios are limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an antifreeze mechanism for a ship fresh water tank and a ship structure thereof, so that it is difficult for water molecules on the surface of the fresh water tank to form a stable ice crystal structure and it is not easy to freeze.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an antifreeze mechanism for a ship fresh water tank, including:

[0006] A fresh water tank, at the bottom of the side wall of the fresh water tank, a water outlet pipe is provided;

[0007] A fresh water pressure pump, the fresh water pressure pump is connected to the end of the water outlet pipe to receive the fresh water in the fresh water tank, and the fresh water pressure pump is connected to a water using mechanism;

[0008] A fresh water return pipe, one end of the fresh water return pipe is connected to the fresh water pressure pump, and the other end is connected to the top of the fresh water tank so that the returned fresh water can drip onto the surface of the fresh water in the fresh water tank.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship in the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Through the fresh water reflux during the fresh water supply process, fresh water drops at the top of the fresh water tank to achieve fresh water antifreeze. The specific process is as follows: Fresh water flows out of the fresh water tank through the water outlet pipe, is pressurized in the fresh water pressure pump and supplied to the water using mechanism. A fresh water return pipe is also connected in the fresh water pressure pump, and the other end of the fresh water return pipe is connected to the top of the fresh water tank. A small amount of fresh water flows back to the fresh water tank through the fresh water return pipe, and the fresh water drops from above to the water surface of the fresh water tank, making it difficult to form a stable ice crystal structure between the water molecules on the surface of the fresh water tank and not easy to freeze. The antifreeze method of the present application realizes antifreeze through the self-circulation of fresh water, without relying on the heat source supply of steam boilers or oil-fired boilers, and can be adapted to ships without a steam system. It directly uses fresh water circulation without introducing media such as hot oil and compressed air that may contain oil or impurities, avoiding pollution of the drinking water source. Only the pipeline layout and circulation control logic need to be adjusted, without adding complex equipment such as hot oil and hot water heaters and electric heating coils, reducing the transformation cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0010] In the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship in the embodiment of the present invention, a first stop valve, a fresh water pump, and a first stop check valve are sequentially arranged on the water outlet pipe.

[0011] In the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship in the embodiment of the present invention, a first flow regulating valve and a first check valve are arranged on the fresh water return pipe.

[0012] In the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship in the embodiment of the present invention, the fresh water return pipe is connected to the jacket water pipe of the main engine or generator, and a second stop valve is arranged between the fresh water return pipe and the jacket water pipe.

[0013] In the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship in the embodiment of the present invention, the water using mechanism includes an electric water heater, and the electric water heater is provided with a hot water outlet pipe connected to the fresh water return pipe.

[0014] In the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship in the embodiment of the present invention, a second check valve and a second flow regulating valve are arranged on the hot water outlet pipe.

[0015] In the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship in the embodiment of the present invention, the electric water heater is further connected with a hot water circulation pump to receive the hot water after the circulation ends.

[0016] The present invention also provides a ship structure, including the antifreeze mechanism of the fresh water tank of the ship according to any one of the above embodiments, and the fresh water tank is arranged on one side of the ballast water line of the ship.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the ship structure of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: During the fresh water supply process, the anti-freezing mechanism of the ship fresh water tank enables fresh water to flow back, and the fresh water drips at the top of the fresh water tank to achieve fresh water anti-freezing. The fresh water tank is arranged on one side of the ballast water line of the ship to prevent the heat of the fresh water tank from easily transferring to the outside through the steel plate when the temperature on the water line in cold regions is below 0°C in winter, resulting in easy icing of the fresh water tank. The technical solution of the present application minimizes the height of the fresh water tank in the ship structure. By utilizing the fact that the seawater temperature below the water line is not lower than 0°C, the fresh water temperature below the water line of the fresh water tank is maintained above 0°C, reducing the heat loss of the fresh water tank and greatly reducing the probability of fresh water icing.

[0018] In the ship structure of the embodiment of the present invention, an isolation empty tank is provided on the side of the fresh water tank facing the sea, and the isolation empty tank is arranged higher than the ballast water line of the ship.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, will become apparent in part from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-freezing mechanism of the ship fresh water tank in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic position diagram of the anti-freezing mechanism of the ship fresh water tank in the ship in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] In the figure, 1. Fresh water tank; 11. Isolation empty tank; 2. Water outlet pipe; 21. First stop valve; 22. Fresh water pump; 23. First stop check valve; 3. Fresh water pressure pump; 4. Fresh water return pipe; 41. First flow regulating valve; 42. First check valve; 5. Cylinder jacket water pipe; 51. Second stop valve; 6. Hot water tank; 61. Hot water circulation pump; 7. Hot water outlet pipe; 71. Second check valve; 72. Second flow regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that for the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, and the understandings such as "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. do not include the recited number, while the understandings such as "above", "below", "within", etc. include the recited number. If there is a description of "first" and "second", it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, an antifreeze mechanism for a fresh water tank of a ship in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a fresh water tank 1 for storing fresh water, and a water outlet pipe 2 is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the fresh water tank 1; a fresh water pressure pump 3 is connected to the end of the water outlet pipe 2 to receive the fresh water in the fresh water tank 1, the fresh water pressure pump 3 is connected to a water using mechanism, and the fresh water pressure pump 3 is used to pressurize the fresh water sent out from the fresh water tank 1 and send it to the water using mechanism; a fresh water return pipe 4 is used to return a small amount of fresh water from the fresh water pressure pump 3 to the fresh water tank 1. Specifically, one end of the fresh water return pipe 4 is connected to the fresh water pressure pump 3, and the other end is connected to the top of the fresh water tank 1 so that the returned fresh water can drip onto the surface of the fresh water in the fresh water tank 1. The present application realizes fresh water antifreeze by dripping at the top of the fresh water tank 1 through the fresh water return during the fresh water supply process.

[0028] The specific working process of this application is as follows: Fresh water flows out of the fresh water tank 1 through the water outlet pipe 2, is pressurized in the fresh water pressure pump 3 and supplied to the water-using mechanism. A fresh water return pipe 4 is also connected in the fresh water pressure pump 3. The other end of the fresh water return pipe 4 is connected to the top of the fresh water tank 1. A small amount of fresh water flows back to the fresh water tank 1 through the fresh water return pipe 4, and the fresh water drips from above onto the water surface of the fresh water tank 1, making it difficult for the water molecules on the surface of the fresh water tank 1 to form a stable ice crystal structure and not easy to freeze. The anti-freezing method of this application realizes anti-freezing through the self-circulation of fresh water, without relying on the heat source supply of steam boilers or oil-fired boilers, and can be adapted to ships without steam systems. It directly uses fresh water circulation without introducing media such as hot oil and compressed air that may contain oil or impurities, avoiding pollution of the drinking water source. Only the pipeline layout and circulation control logic need to be adjusted, without adding complex equipment such as hot oil and hot water heaters and electric heating coils, reducing the transformation cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first stop valve 21, a fresh water pump 22, and a first stop check valve 23 are sequentially arranged on the water outlet pipe 2. The first stop valve 21, the fresh water pump 22, and the first stop check valve 23 are used to control the outflow of fresh water. The first stop valve 21 can completely cut off the flow of fresh water in some cases through the tight closure of the valve flap and the valve seat, realizing the physical isolation of the pipeline fluid. The fresh water pump 22 is used to pressurize the fresh water flowing out of the fresh water tank 1, so that the fresh water can reach the fresh water pressure pump 3 faster. The first stop check valve 23 has the functions of both a stop valve and a check valve, meeting the dual requirements of system isolation and maintenance and reverse flow protection through a single valve, which can save installation space and reduce pipeline complexity. The settings of the first stop valve 21, the fresh water pump 22, and the first stop check valve 23 make the flow of fresh water in the water outlet pipe 2 controllable, facilitating the quick adjustment of the outflow of fresh water according to requirements.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first flow regulating valve 41 and a first check valve 42 are arranged on the fresh water return pipe 4. The first flow regulating valve 41 can be used to adjust the flow rate of the fresh water return pipe 4, facilitating the adjustment of the flow rate of the returned fresh water at different temperatures to cope with different freezing situations. The first check valve 42 can automatically close the valve flap through a one-way flow design, preventing the reverse flow of the fluid, avoiding the reverse rotation of the pump or the imbalance of the pipeline pressure, reducing the impact on equipment such as pumps and compressors by blocking the reverse flow, extending the service life of the equipment, stabilizing the fluid flow direction and pressure fluctuations, and ensuring the system operates under set parameters.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fresh water return pipe 4 is connected to the jacket water pipe 5 of the main engine or generator. The jacket water pipe 5 can receive the heat of the main engine or generator and is in a high-temperature state for a long time. The fresh water return pipe 4 is connected to the jacket water pipe 5 by adding a bypass pipeline to the fresh water return pipe 4 in the fresh water tank 1, and then the bypass pipeline is coiled with a copper pipe outside the jacket water pipe 5 of the main engine or generator; the heat of the jacket water pipe 5 is used to heat the bypass pipeline of the fresh water return pipe 4, so that the temperature of the return fresh water flowing through the bypass pipeline rises, achieving the effect of increasing the temperature of the fresh water flowing back to the fresh water tank 1; between the fresh water return pipe 4 and the jacket water pipe 5, that is, a second stop valve 51 is provided on the bypass pipeline. The second stop valve 51 can completely cut off the fresh water flow in some cases through the tight closure of the valve flap and the valve seat, realizing the physical isolation of the pipeline fluid.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water-using mechanism includes an electric water heater cabinet 6, which is used to heat the fresh water sent out of the fresh water pressure cabinet to meet the high-temperature fresh water demand of the ship; the electric water heater cabinet 6 is provided with a hot water outlet pipe 7 connected to the fresh water return pipe 4. When the load of the water heater cabinet is not high, the heat generated by the water heater cabinet can be used to further ensure that the fresh water tank 1 does not freeze.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, a second check valve 71 and a second flow regulating valve 72 are provided on the hot water outlet pipe 7. An operation nameplate is hung near the second flow regulating valve 72, and the scales for suggesting to open the valve at different outdoor temperatures are written on the nameplate, minimizing the impact on other hot water-using facilities; when the pressure is not high, a small amount of hot water can be used for return to increase the temperature of the fresh water tank 1, and when the hot water pressure is high, the flow rate of the return hot water is reduced through the second flow regulating valve 72 to give priority to ensuring hot water supply.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the electric water heater cabinet 6 is also connected with a hot water circulation pump 61 to receive the hot water after the circulation ends; some hot water is only used for the heating path and can return to the electric water heater cabinet 6 after circulating in the pipeline, improving the circulation utilization rate of the hot water, saving a large amount of fresh water, and being beneficial to improving the endurance of the ship.

[0035] Such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the present invention also provides a ship structure, including the antifreeze mechanism of the ship fresh water tank 1 in any one of the above embodiments. The fresh water tank 1 is arranged on one side of the ballast water line of the ship. The ship of the present application realizes fresh water antifreeze by the fresh water reflux during the fresh water supply process of the antifreeze mechanism of the ship fresh water tank 1 and the dripping at the top of the fresh water tank 1. And the fresh water tank 1 is arranged on one side of the ballast water line of the ship to prevent the heat of the fresh water tank 1 from being easily transferred to the outside through the steel plate when the temperature on the water line in cold regions is lower than 0°C in winter, resulting in the easy icing of the fresh water tank 1. The technical solution of the present application minimizes the height of the fresh water tank 1 in the ship structure, makes the fresh water tank 1 below the sea level, and utilizes the characteristic that the seawater temperature below the water line is not lower than 0°C to keep the fresh water temperature below the water line of the fresh water tank 1 above 0°C, reduces the heat loss of the fresh water tank 1, and greatly reduces the probability of fresh water icing.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, an isolation empty tank 11 is arranged on the side of the fresh water tank 1 facing the sea, and the isolation empty tank 11 is arranged higher than the ballast water line of the ship. If it is impossible to ensure that the entire structure of the fresh water tank 1 is below the water line, an isolation empty tank 11 is added to the part of the fresh water tank 1 above the ballast water line; during heat transfer, since the heat of the fresh water tank 1 needs to be transferred to the isolation empty tank 11 first, and then the heat is directly transferred from the isolation empty tank 11 to the outside air through the side ship plate, and the isolation empty tank 11 is designed for natural ventilation and the air in the isolation empty tank 11 is basically static, its thermal conductivity is very low, greatly reducing the heat loss of the fresh water tank 1 and ensuring that the fresh water tank 1 is not easily frozen.

[0037] The working process of the present invention is as follows: Fresh water flows out of the fresh water tank 1 through the water outlet pipe 2, is pressurized in the fresh water pressure pump 3 and supplied to the water using mechanism. A fresh water return pipe 4 is also connected in the fresh water pressure pump 3, and the other end of the fresh water return pipe 4 is connected to the top of the fresh water tank 1. A small amount of fresh water flows back to the fresh water tank 1 through the fresh water return pipe 4, and the fresh water drips from above to the water surface of the fresh water tank 1, making it difficult for the water molecules on the surface of the fresh water tank 1 to form a stable ice crystal structure and not easily freeze; the fresh water tank 1 is arranged on one side of the ballast water line of the ship to prevent the heat of the fresh water tank 1 from being easily transferred to the outside through the steel plate when the temperature on the water line in cold regions is lower than 0°C in winter, resulting in the easy icing of the fresh water tank 1; the technical solution of the present application minimizes the height of the fresh water tank 1 in the ship structure, utilizes the seawater temperature below the water line not lower than 0°C, keeps the fresh water temperature below the water line of the fresh water tank 1 above 0°C, reduces the heat loss of the fresh water tank 1, and greatly reduces the probability of fresh water icing.

[0038] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides an antifreeze mechanism for the fresh water tank 1 of a ship and its ship structure. It realizes antifreeze through the self-circulation of fresh water, without relying on the heat source supply of a steam boiler or a hot oil boiler, and can be adapted to ships without a steam system; directly utilizes the fresh water circulation, without introducing media such as hot oil and compressed air that may contain oil or impurities, avoiding pollution of the drinking water source; only needs to adjust the pipeline layout and the circulation control logic, without adding complex equipment such as hot oil and hot water heaters and electric heating coils, reducing the transformation cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0039] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antifreeze mechanism for a ship's fresh water tank, characterized in that: include: A fresh water tank, wherein a water outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the fresh water tank; A fresh water pressure pump, the fresh water pressure pump is connected to the end of the water outlet pipe to receive the fresh water from the fresh water tank, and the fresh water pressure pump is connected to a water-using mechanism; A fresh water return pipe, one end of which is connected to the fresh water pressure pump, and the other end of which is connected to the top of the fresh water tank so that the return fresh water can drip onto the surface of the fresh water in the fresh water tank.

2. The antifreeze mechanism for a ship's fresh water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet pipeline is sequentially provided with a first stop valve, a fresh water pump and a first stop check valve.

3. The antifreeze mechanism for a ship's fresh water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fresh water return pipe is provided with a first flow regulating valve and a first check valve.

4. The antifreeze mechanism for a ship's fresh water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fresh water return pipe is connected to the cylinder jacket water pipe of the main engine or the generator, and a second stop valve is arranged between the fresh water return pipe and the cylinder jacket water pipe.

5. The antifreeze mechanism for a ship's fresh water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-using mechanism comprises an electric water heater, and the electric water heater is provided with a hot water outlet pipe connected to the fresh water return pipe.

6. The antifreeze mechanism for a ship's fresh water tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hot water outlet pipe is provided with a second check valve and a second flow regulating valve.

7. The antifreeze mechanism for a ship's fresh water tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electric water tank is also connected to a hot water circulation pump to receive hot water after the circulation is completed.

8. A ship structure, characterized in that: The antifreeze mechanism of the ship's fresh water tank comprises the antifreeze mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fresh water tank is arranged on one side of the ballast water line of the ship.

9. The ship structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: An isolation void chamber is arranged on the side of the fresh water tank facing the sea surface, and the isolation void chamber is arranged above the ballast waterline of the ship.

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