Device and method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction through electromagnetic-laser composite impact

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction through electromagnetic-laser composite shock, and belongs to the technical field of metal manufacturing and forming, and the device comprises a power supply which is used for providing current or voltage required in the electromagnetic shock process; the voltage stabilizer is used for stabilizing the voltage in the electromagnetic impact process; the frequency converter is used for adjusting the change frequency of the electromagnetic impact energy; the current waveform controller is used for controlling the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic impact energy; the laser is used for outputting laser shock energy with preset power; the forming equipment is used for carrying out stretching and fatigue experiments on the metal workpiece; and the high-performance work station is used for carrying out electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy excitation on the metal workpiece through a power supply, a voltage stabilizer, a frequency converter, a current waveform controller and a laser. According to the device provided by the invention, the surface contact fatigue performance of the metal material can be improved, microcosmic disordered atom rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction in the material are promoted, residual stress concentration is reduced, and the alloy formability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal manufacturing and forming, and particularly relates to a device and method for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact. Background Art

[0002] As a core component for bearing load and transmitting motion in an aero-engine, an aero-bearing directly affects the service life and reliability of the engine. With the continuous increase in the thrust-to-weight ratio of aero-engines, the performance requirements for its core components are becoming increasingly stringent. While the existing forming, machining, and surface strengthening manufacturing processes of aero-engine bearings regulate the tissue properties through deformation and phase transformation, they are affected by the fluctuations of the component material / structure characteristics and process conditions, resulting in uneven distribution of material deformation and phase transformation, and reducing the contact fatigue performance of the material.

[0003] Residual compressive stress is crucial for improving the surface contact fatigue performance of bearings. However, the existing methods for generating surface residual compressive stress have certain limitations, that is, while introducing residual compressive stress, they will also introduce micro-nano defects on the surface of the workpiece. These micro-nano defects are extremely likely to grow into crack sources during subsequent processing or service, leading to premature failure of the component.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new technology to achieve the coordinated improvement of the fatigue strength and formability of aero-bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a device and method for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact to achieve the purpose of coordinated improvement of the fatigue strength and formability of aero-bearings.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a device for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact, including: A power supply, a voltage stabilizer, a frequency converter, a current waveform controller, a laser, a forming device, and a high-performance workstation; The power supply is used to provide the current or voltage required during the electromagnetic impact process; The voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the voltage during the electromagnetic impact process; The frequency converter is used to adjust the change frequency of the electromagnetic impact energy; The current waveform controller is used to control the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic impact energy; The laser is used to output laser shock energy with a preset power; The forming device is used to perform tensile and fatigue experiments on metal workpieces; The high-performance workstation is used to perform electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy excitation on the metal workpiece through the power supply, the voltage stabilizer, the frequency converter, the current waveform controller, and the laser.

[0007] In a possible implementation, it further includes: An infrared thermometer for monitoring the surface temperature change of the metal workpiece; The infrared camera of the infrared thermometer is located directly in front of the metal workpiece.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic shock energy is a sine wave or a triangular wave.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the laser includes any one of the following: A femtosecond laser, a fiber laser or a gas laser.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the laser shock energy of the laser is 1 - 1000 J, the laser spot diameter is 0.3 - 3 mm, the overlapping rate is 50% - 95%, and the laser shock frequency is 0.5 - 50 Hz.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the expression of the electromagnetic impact force exerted by the electromagnetic shock energy on the internal atoms of the metal workpiece is as follows:

[0012] Wherein, represents the electromagnetic impact force, represents the effective valence, represents the electronic charge, j represents the current density, represents the resistivity.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the expression of the current density is as follows:

[0014] Wherein, j represents the current density, A represents the peak value of the current density, T represents the period, represents the built-in triangular wave function of Matlab, represents the built-in sine trigonometric function of Matlab, represents the phase.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the forming device includes: A fixing device and a control cabinet; The fixing device is used to fix the metal workpiece; The control cabinet is used to control the rotation speed, the stretching rate and the fatigue vibration frequency.

[0016] In a possible implementation, it further includes: Human - machine interaction interface; The high - performance workstation is connected to the human - machine interaction interface through a data transmission line; The human - machine interaction interface is used to receive target inputs to control the high - performance workstation.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic - laser composite shock, which is applied to the device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic - laser composite shock described in any of the above implementation manners, and includes: Fix the polished metal workpiece on a forming device; Use the high - performance workstation to control the power supply, voltage stabilizer, frequency converter, current waveform controller and laser to perform electromagnetic - laser composite shock energy excitation on the metal workpiece.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The device and method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic - laser composite shock provided by the present invention. The device includes: a power supply, a voltage stabilizer, a frequency converter, a current waveform controller, a laser, a forming device and a high - performance workstation. The power supply provides the current / voltage required during the electromagnetic shock process. The voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the voltage during the operation process. The frequency converter is mainly used to adjust the change frequency of the electromagnetic shock energy. The current waveform controller can realize the control of the output current waveform. The laser is used to output laser energy with a specific power. The forming device can perform tensile and fatigue experiments. The high - performance workstation conducts data analysis and reinforcement learning by real - time collecting and monitoring data, providing a reference for process design. By using electromagnetic - laser composite shock, it can effectively combine the atomic rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction phenomena brought by the multi - field coupling impact force of electricity, magnetism, heat, light and force and the surface strengthening effect brought by laser shock, effectively improve the surface contact fatigue performance of metal materials, promote the internal microscopic disordered atomic rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction of materials, transform the disordered atomic lattice type into the original crystal configuration of the matrix, reduce the residual stress concentration, and improve the formability of alloys by using the electro - plastic effect generated by electromagnetic shock, ensuring the reliability and stability of component operation. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic - laser composite shock provided by the present invention; Figure 2One of the method flowcharts of an embodiment of the method for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Another method flowchart of an embodiment of the method for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention; Figure 4 The dislocation morphology and distribution diagram inside the ferroalloy provided by the present invention; Figure 5 The statistical chart of the crystal structure content inside the ferroalloy provided by the present invention; Figure 6 The dislocation morphology and distribution diagram inside the ferroalloy after electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention; Figure 7 The statistical chart of the crystal structure content inside the ferroalloy after electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1: Power supply; 2: Voltage regulator; 3: Frequency converter; 4: Current waveform controller; 5: Laser; 6: Forming device; 7: High-performance workstation; 8: Metal workpiece; 9: Infrared thermometer; 10: Fixing device; 11: Control cabinet; 12: Human-machine interface; 13: Data transmission line; 14: Fixed truss; 15: Robot arm; 16: Copper electrode; 17: Power cord. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example: A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0024] The descriptions such as "first" and "second" involved in the embodiments of the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the technical features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

[0025] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the device for promoting microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 shown, the device for promoting microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact includes: Power supply 1, voltage stabilizer 2, frequency converter 3, current waveform controller 4, laser 5, forming equipment 6 and high-performance workstation 7; The power supply 1 is used to provide the current or voltage required during the electromagnetic impact process; The voltage stabilizer 2 is used to stabilize the voltage during the electromagnetic impact process; The frequency converter 3 is used to adjust the change frequency of the electromagnetic impact energy; The current waveform controller 4 is used to control the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic impact energy; The laser 5 is used to output laser impact energy with a preset power; The forming equipment 6 is used to conduct tensile and fatigue experiments on the metal workpiece 8; The high-performance workstation 7 is used to perform electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy excitation on the metal workpiece 8 through the power supply 1, the voltage stabilizer 2, the frequency converter 3, the current waveform controller 4 and the laser 5.

[0026] The power supply provides the current or voltage required during the electromagnetic impact process, and can output unidirectional direct current or variable-direction alternating current, and the output current value range is 0~1000A.

[0027] The voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the voltage during the electromagnetic impact process, and can be used to keep the voltage during the electromagnetic impact process maintained within the set value ±0.5%~2%, and the voltage value range during the electromagnetic impact process is 0~380V.

[0028] The frequency converter can be used to adjust the change frequency of the electromagnetic impact energy, and the adjustment range is 0.2Hz~500Hz, and can be used to control the continuous output or intermittent output of the electromagnetic impact energy.

[0029] The current waveform controller can control the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic impact energy, and the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic impact energy can be a sine wave or a triangular wave.

[0030] The laser is used to output laser impact energy with a preset power, and the range of the laser impact energy output by the laser is 1~1000J, the laser spot diameter is 0.3~3mm, the overlap rate is 50%~95%, and the laser impact frequency is 0.5~50Hz.

[0031] The forming equipment can conduct tensile and fatigue tests, and the strain rate range during tensile is 0.001s -1 ~10s -1, the stretching speed is 0.5 mm / min to 10 m / s, positioning displacement stretching can be carried out, and the frequency conversion frequency range is 10 Hz to 500 Hz.

[0032] The high-performance workstation is connected to the human-machine interaction interface through a data transmission line, and can be used to summarize various electromagnetic signals measured during the electromagnetic shock energy excitation process, and regulate each part of the control unit through calculation and analysis to ensure the normal operation of the electromagnetic shock energy excitation.

[0033] The high-performance workstation can receive the electromagnetic signals transmitted by each sensor module, and automatically call the predicted values of its internal reinforcement learning parameters for comparison, so as to realize positive feedback or negative feedback control of the corresponding system module, and can automatically store the experimental parameters into the neural network big data learning model embedded in the system for model training, and feedback to the expert system.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the device for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite shock provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a power supply, a voltage stabilizer, a frequency converter, a current waveform controller, a laser, a forming device and a high-performance workstation. The power supply provides the current / voltage required during the electromagnetic shock process. The voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the voltage during the operation process. The frequency converter is mainly used to adjust the electromagnetic shock energy change frequency. The current waveform controller can realize the output current waveform control. The laser is used to output laser energy with a specific power. The forming device can carry out stretching and fatigue experiments. The high-performance workstation conducts data analysis and reinforcement learning by real-time collecting and monitoring data, provides a reference for process design. By using the electromagnetic-laser composite shock, it can effectively combine the atomic rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction phenomena brought by the multi-field coupling impact force of electricity, magnetism, heat, light and force and the surface strengthening effect brought by the laser shock, effectively improve the surface contact fatigue performance of metal materials, promote the internal microcosmic disordered atomic rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction of materials, transform the disordered atomic lattice type into the original crystal configuration of the matrix, reduce the residual stress concentration, and improve the alloy formability by using the electroplastic effect generated by the electromagnetic shock, ensuring the reliability and stability of the component operation.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes: An infrared thermometer 9, used to monitor the surface temperature change of the metal workpiece 8; The infrared camera of the infrared thermometer 9 is located directly in front of the metal workpiece 8.

[0036] The infrared thermometer can be used to measure the surface temperature change of the specimen during the electromagnetic shock energy excitation process, is connected to the high-performance computing workstation through a data transmission line, and can be controlled through the human-machine interaction interface.

[0037] The temperature measurement range of the infrared thermometer is -80°C to 650°C, the highest shooting frequency can reach 8000 frames / s, and the emissivity can be automatically corrected.

[0038] When the infrared thermometer monitors the surface temperature of the component or workpiece, the infrared camera is located directly in front of the component or workpiece, and it can automatically retrieve the data in the expert database according to the room temperature environment for data correction to reduce experimental errors.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic shock energy is a sine wave or a triangular wave.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the laser 5 includes any one of the following: Femtosecond laser, fiber laser or gas laser.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the laser shock energy of the laser 5 is 1 - 1000 J, the laser spot diameter is 0.3 - 3 mm, the overlapping rate is 50% - 95%, and the laser shock frequency is 0.5 - 50 Hz.

[0042] The laser is used to output laser energy with a specific power. The laser shock energy is 1 - 1000 J, the laser spot diameter is 0.3 - 3 mm, the overlapping rate is 50% - 95%, and the laser shock frequency is 0.5 - 50 Hz.

[0043] The laser can be any one of a femtosecond laser, a fiber laser, and a gas laser.

[0044] Optionally, as Figure 1 shown, the electromagnetic - laser composite shock device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction further includes a fixed truss 14 and a robotic arm 15. The robotic arm is connected to the fixed truss and the robotic arm is connected to the laser.

[0045] The electromagnetic - laser composite shock device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction provided by the embodiments of the present invention can effectively combine the atomic rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction phenomena brought by the multi - field coupling impact force of electricity, magnetism, heat, light, and force and the surface strengthening effect brought by laser shock by using electromagnetic - laser composite shock. By coupling multiple physical fields of electricity, magnetism, heat, light, and force, it uses multi - field energy to promote the reconstruction of internal defects in metals, and can introduce appropriate residual compressive stress on the surface and improve surface integrity, thereby improving the forming accuracy of workpieces and the service life under extreme working conditions.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the forming device 6 includes: A fixing device 10 and a control cabinet 11; The fixing device 10 is used to fix the metal workpiece 8; The control cabinet 11 is used to control the rotation speed, stretching rate, and fatigue vibration frequency.

[0047] The forming equipment can be used for tensile and fatigue tests. When performing tensile tests, the strain rate range is 0.001 s -1 ~10 s -1 , the tensile speed is 0.5 mm / min~10 m / s, displacement-controlled tensile tests can be carried out, and the frequency conversion frequency range is 10 Hz~500 Hz.

[0048] The forming equipment includes a fixing device and a control cabinet.

[0049] The fixing device is used to fix metal workpieces. The fixing device can perform rotational motion, and the rotational speed is 0~1000 r / min.

[0050] Optionally, as Figure 1 shown, the device for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact further includes a copper electrode 16, and the copper electrode is in contact with the metal workpiece.

[0051] The control cabinet can control the rotational speed, tensile rate and fatigue vibration frequency, and the control cabinet can perform stepless speed change movement to the left and right, and the movement speed is 0~3 m / s.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes: a human-machine interaction interface 12; The high-performance workstation 7 is connected to the human-machine interaction interface 12 through a data transmission line 13; The human-machine interaction interface 12 is used to receive target inputs to control the high-performance workstation 7.

[0053] The high-performance workstation is connected to the human-machine interaction interface through a data transmission line. The human-machine interaction interface can receive target user inputs to control the high-performance workstation.

[0054] In addition, the output current waveform of the current waveform controller can be programmed through the human-machine interaction interface and the high-performance computing workstation or set by reading the big data database, so as to customize specific electromagnetic impact energy excitation parameters for specific materials and specific properties.

[0055] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, the device for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact further includes a power line 17. The power supply, voltage stabilizer, frequency converter, current waveform controller, and laser are connected to the copper electrode and the component or workpiece through the power line.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the expression of the electromagnetic impact force acting on the atoms inside the metal workpiece 8 by the electromagnetic impact energy is as follows:

[0057] Among them, represents the electromagnetic impact force, represents the effective valence, represents the electronic charge, j represents the current density, represents the resistivity.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the expression of the current density is as follows:

[0059] where, j represents the current density, A represents the peak value of the current density, T represents the period, represents the built-in triangular wave function in Matlab, represents the built-in sine trigonometric function in Matlab, represents the phase.

[0060] The electromagnetic impact force of the electromagnetic impact energy acting on the atoms inside the metal material has the following expression:

[0061] where, represents the effective valence, which is closely related to the metal material and generally takes values from 1 to 10, is the electronic charge, equal to 1.602x10 19 Coulomb, j is the current density, is the resistivity. The electromagnetic impact energy excitation time is 5 ps to 3 s, and the number of electromagnetic energy excitations is 1 to 3 times.

[0062] The expression of the current density is as follows:

[0063] where, represents the current density, A represents the peak value of the current density, and the range is 10 A / mm 2 ~10 4 A / mm 2 , , T represents the period, , f is the frequency, and the range is 0.2 Hz to 500 Hz, represents the built-in triangular wave function in Matlab, represents the built-in sine trigonometric function in Matlab, represents the phase.

[0064] Throughout the period, it can be a triangular wave current density, a sine wave current density, or a combination of both.

[0065] Approximate relationship between resistivity and temperature of metal materials: ρ = ρ 0 ( 1+αt ) ρ 0 is the resistivity at 0 °C, α is the temperature coefficient of resistance, t is the real-time measured temperature.

[0066] When the electromagnetic shock energy acts on the metal matrix, the interatomic interaction force is:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, is the total energy of the system, is the embedding energy as a function of electron density, is the electron density function, is between two atoms i and j the distance between them, represents the pair potential function between two atoms i and j the distance between them,

[0069] The interatomic interaction force between dissimilar atoms in the alloy can be calculated by the Lennard-Jones potential function, and is expressed by the Lennard-Jones 12-6 potential function:

[0070] Among them, represents the depth of the potential well, represents the equilibrium distance of the atom pair, represents the distance between atoms.

[0071] Figure 2 This is one of the method flowcharts of an embodiment of the method for promoting microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite shock provided by the present invention. As Figure 2 shown, the method for promoting microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite shock includes: S201. Fix the polished metal workpiece 8 on the forming device 6; S202. Use a high-performance workstation to control the power supply 1, voltage stabilizer 2, frequency converter 3, current waveform controller 4 and laser 5 to apply electromagnetic-laser composite shock energy excitation to the metal workpiece 8.

[0072] The execution entity of the method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention can be the device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite impact described in any of the above implementation manners.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the embodiments of the present invention fixes the polished metal workpiece on the forming equipment, and uses a high-performance workstation to control the power supply, voltage stabilizer, frequency converter, current waveform controller and laser, and performs electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy excitation on the metal workpiece. Through the electromagnetic impact process, specific forms of electromagnetic impact energy are used to excite micro-nano damage defects in the material, which can quickly adjust the defect state, repair micro-nano scale damage defects, and improve the service performance of components. The laser shock process has the characteristics of flexibility and high efficiency, and can introduce a deeper residual compressive stress layer. The present invention synchronously combines the electromagnetic shock process and the laser shock process, and couples multiple physical fields of electricity, magnetism, heat, light and force, which is expected to realize the integrated control of the surface shape and properties of aviation bearings and improve their ultimate service life. It can effectively promote the rearrangement of disordered atoms and dislocation reconstruction inside the material, transform the lattice type of disordered atoms into the original crystal configuration of the matrix, reduce the system energy, and promote dislocation movement and reconstruction, reduce the concentration of residual stress, and ensure the reliability and stability of component operation.

[0074] Exemplarily, the embodiments of the present invention provide a device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite impact, including: a power supply 1, a voltage stabilizer 2, a frequency converter 3, a current waveform controller 4, a laser 5, a forming equipment 6, a high-performance workstation 7, a metal workpiece 8, an infrared thermometer 9, a fixing device 10, a control cabinet 11, a human-machine interaction interface 12, a data transmission line 13, a fixing truss 14, a robotic arm 15, a copper electrode 16, and a power supply 17.

[0075] The present invention also provides a method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite impact on metal material components using the above device, as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 is the second flowchart of a method for an embodiment of the method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention, including: S301. Mechanically grind and polish the surface of the metal workpiece; S302. Fix the metal workpiece between the fixing devices of the forming equipment; S303. Turn on the infrared thermometer, adjust the measurement parameters, and standby; S304. Use the high-performance computing workstation to turn on the power supply, voltage stabilizer, frequency converter, current waveform controller, laser and infrared thermometer through programming and the human-machine interaction interface, and perform specific forms of electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy excitation on the fixed metal workpiece; S305. Start the electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy experiment; S306. When the experiment ends, turn off the power supply, voltage stabilizer, frequency converter, current waveform controller, laser, and infrared thermometer, and save the data; S307. Set the parameters of the control cabinet, unload the clamping forces at the left and right clamping ends, and remove the metal workpiece.

[0076] The present invention first performs molecular dynamics simulation on the designed electromagnetic-laser composite impact process parameters using a high-performance computer, and then modifies the process parameters using the simulation results, and the two complement each other. At the same time, the present invention also realizes the real-time monitoring of the physical and chemical parameters inside the material during the electromagnetic-laser composite impact process through each structural unit, and the high-performance computer reinforcement learning model can be used to realize the coordinated control of the shape and properties of aero-engine bearing steel.

[0077] The present invention utilizes the electroplastic effect generated by electromagnetic impact to improve the formability of alloys. When the electromagnetic-laser composite impact acts on the substrate simultaneously, it is beneficial to increase the depth of the residual compressive stress layer generated by laser shock. At the same time, the high-energy excitation energy of electromagnetic impact can improve the high-energy metastable state at micro-nano defects inside the material within milliseconds, promote the reconstruction of the microstructure, and make the arrangement of microscopic atoms more orderly, thereby improving the material properties.

[0078] The device and method provided by the present invention quickly apply specific forms of electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy to the workpiece to targetedly repair micro-nano damage defects inside the material, and have the characteristics of low operation difficulty and high efficiency. At the same time, the electromagnetic impact force generated by the electromagnetic impact energy excitation can effectively promote the reconstruction of the disordered dislocation morphology, make the dislocation distribution more orderly, greatly reduce the excessive concentration of microscopic residual stress caused by uneven dislocation distribution, dislocation pile-up, and dislocation entanglement, improve the dislocation configuration, and reduce the local strain energy and local stress concentration of dislocations, which cause the material to generate microscopic cracks and voids during service, and greatly improve the service performance of components. The technology proposed by the present invention can effectively combine the atomic rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction phenomena brought by the multi-field coupling impact force of electricity, magnetism, heat, light, and force and the surface strengthening effect brought by laser shock by using electromagnetic-laser composite impact, and can effectively improve the surface contact fatigue performance of metal materials.

[0079] The device and method for promoting the reconstruction of the microstructure of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite impact provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with specific application scenarios. Taking the FeNiCrCoCu alloy as an example, the atomic content percentages of its five elements are 1:1:1:1:1, and the basic crystal structure of the substrate is FCC.

[0080] Figure 4 It is the dislocation morphology and distribution diagram inside the ferroalloy provided by the present invention, Figure 4It shows the dislocation morphology and distribution inside the material before the electromagnetic shock combined with laser shock excitation. It can be seen that before the electromagnetic shock energy excitation, the main dislocation types inside the material are 1 / 6<112> and other types, and a small amount of 1 / 6<110> and 1 / 3<100> exist.

[0081] Figure 5 It is a statistical chart of the internal crystal structure content of the ferroalloy provided by the present invention. Figure 5 It shows the crystal configuration and content inside the material before the electromagnetic shock combined with laser shock excitation. Among them, the contents of Other, FCC, HCP and BCC are 40%, 19%, 20% and 21% respectively. It can be seen that the content of the original FCC crystal structure inside the material has decreased significantly to 19%. Among them, although the HCP and BCC crystal structures also belong to ordered structures, there are still differences between them and the matrix FCC crystal structure, and the interfacial strain energy will still increase due to the misfit degree at the junction of the two crystal structures, which is not conducive to reducing the system energy.

[0082] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the dislocation morphology and distribution inside the ferroalloy provided by the present invention after the electromagnetic-laser combined shock. Figure 7 It is a statistical chart of the internal crystal structure content of the ferroalloy provided by the present invention after the electromagnetic-laser combined shock. Figure 6 and Figure 7 respectively show the statistical results of the dislocations and crystal structure content inside the material after the ferroalloy is excited by the electromagnetic shock combined with laser shock energy. From Figure 6 and Figure 7 it can be seen that after the ferroalloy is excited by the electromagnetic shock combined with laser shock energy, the content of the FCC crystal structure of the material matrix has increased significantly from 19% to 38%, an increase of 100%. And the crystal structure of disordered atom types has decreased from 40% to 10%, a decrease of about 75%. Among them, the content of the HCP atom structure type has increased from 20% to 52%, an increase of about 160%, while the BCC crystal structure type has decreased significantly from 21% to 0%, a decrease of about 100%.

[0083] From Figure 7 the statistical results, it can be seen that after the ferroalloy is excited by the electromagnetic shock combined with laser shock energy, the electromagnetic shock force promotes the transformation of the disordered atoms (Other), HCP, and BCC crystal structures into the FCC crystal structure. This shows that under the action of the electromagnetic shock, the electromagnetic shock energy promotes the atomic rearrangement and ordering of micro-region atoms, which is beneficial to promoting the transformation of the non-matrix atomic crystal configuration into the matrix original configuration, and is beneficial to reducing the excessive internal interface problem of the material caused by crystal structure differences, and can improve the stability and reliability of the material during service.

[0084] At the same time, Figure 6It shows that during the electromagnetic shock combined with laser shock process, the dislocations inside the material are reconstructed, that is, they change from the initial disordered and dispersed state to a parallel and ordered distribution state, and the dislocation type also changes to mainly 1 / 6<112>. Under the combined action of electromagnetic shock and laser shock excitation, atomic rearrangement and dislocation reconstruction occur inside the material, which helps to improve the formability of the material and enhance the service stability of the component.

[0085] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware (such as a processor, a controller, etc.) through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Among them, the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory or a random access memory, etc.

[0086] The above has introduced in detail the device and method for promoting the microstructure reconstruction of materials by electromagnetic-laser composite shock provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock, characterized in that: include: Power supplies, voltage stabilizers, frequency converters, current waveform controllers, lasers, forming equipment and high-performance workstations; The power supply is used to provide the current or voltage required during the electromagnetic impact process; The voltage stabilizer is used to stabilize the voltage during the electromagnetic impact process; The frequency converter is used to adjust the frequency of change of electromagnetic impact energy; The current waveform controller is used to control the excitation waveform of the electromagnetic impact energy; The laser is used to output laser impact energy of preset power; The forming equipment is used to perform tensile and fatigue tests on metal workpieces; The high-performance workstation is used to perform electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy excitation on the metal workpiece through the power supply, the voltage stabilizer, the frequency converter, the current waveform controller and the laser.

2. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An infrared thermometer, used to monitor the surface temperature change of the metal workpiece; The infrared camera of the infrared thermometer is located right in front of the metal workpiece.

3. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation waveform of the electromagnetic impact energy is a sine wave or a triangle wave.

4. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser includes any one of the following: Femtosecond lasers, fiber lasers or gas lasers.

5. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser impact energy of the laser is 1-1000 J, the laser spot diameter is 0.3-3 mm, the overlap rate is 50%-95%, and the laser impact frequency is 0.5-50 Hz.

6. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic impact force of the electromagnetic impact energy acting on the atoms inside the metal workpiece is expressed as follows: in, Represents the electromagnetic impact force, represents the effective valence, represents the electron charge, j represents the current density, Represents resistivity.

7. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expression of the current density is as follows: in, j represents the current density, A represents the peak current density, T represents the period, Indicates the built-in triangular wave function of Matlab. Indicates the built-in sine trigonometric function of Matlab. Indicates phase.

8. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming equipment comprises: Fixtures and control cabinets; The fixing device is used to fix the metal workpiece; The control cabinet is used to control the rotation speed, stretching rate and fatigue vibration frequency.

9. The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Human-computer interaction interface; The high-performance workstation is connected to the human-computer interaction interface via a data transmission line; The human-computer interaction interface is used to receive target input to control the high-performance workstation.

10. A method for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock, characterized in that: The device for promoting material microstructure reconstruction by electromagnetic-laser composite shock as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: Fix the ground and polished metal workpiece on the forming equipment; A high-performance workstation is used to control a power supply, a voltage stabilizer, a frequency converter, a current waveform controller and a laser to perform electromagnetic-laser composite impact energy excitation on the metal workpiece.

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