Fabricated ecological landscape dam structure and method for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants

Abstract

The invention belongs to water passing structures of shallow water areas such as urban hydrophilic rivers or landscapes, and particularly provides an assembly type ecological landscape dam structure capable of efficiently intercepting pollutants in situ and a design method of the assembly type ecological landscape dam structure. The dam front treatment area comprises a first-stage filter layer, a second-stage filter layer, a first-stage filler layer, a second-stage filler layer and a dam front sand filter layer from top to bottom, and the dam body treatment area comprises a concrete coping, a structure supporting layer, an oxidation area honeycomb filler layer, a microorganism brick layer and a dam body sand filter layer from top to bottom. The microorganism brick layer is formed by stacking a plurality of filler bricks in a staggered mode and used for microorganism attachment, impermeable layers are arranged at the bottom of the pond front sand filter layer and the bottom of the pond body sand filter layer, and the impermeable layers completely cover the pond front treatment area and the pond body treatment area. By means of the structure and the method, water quality improvement and ecological optimization of shallow water river channels such as urban hydrophilic river channels, waterfront leisure zones and tourist attractions are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to a water passing structure in shallow water areas such as urban hydrophilic rivers or landscapes. Specifically, it relates to an assembled ecological landscape water weir structure and method for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants. Background Technique

[0002] A water weir, also called a "low dam", is a type of dam. Its main function is to raise the water level of the river channel to change the flow direction of part of the water body. The main types include flood prevention water weirs, water supply water weirs, shipping water weirs, seawater intrusion prevention water weirs, etc. Landscape water weirs with both water conservancy functions and landscape values are widely built in shallow water areas such as urban parks and squares, waterfront leisure belts, tourist scenic areas, and rural idyllic scenery areas. The landscape water weir integrates landscape culture and has regional characteristics, effectively improving the water environment, creating a hydrophilic space, and enhancing the ecological value. Considering the future urban development plan and people's vision for a better life, there will be a large number of urban hydrophilic river channels or landscape shallow water areas to be renovated in the future, and the water passing structures such as water weirs will also be functionally upgraded and their shapes optimized to increase their functional and landscape benefits and enhance their ecological value.

[0003] River pollution has always been a complex environmental problem. The main reasons include industrial wastewater being directly discharged into the river without effective treatment, domestic sewage being discharged into the river without meeting the standards, non-point source pollution caused by the discharge of pesticides, fertilizers, and livestock manure, and pollution caused by the dumping of household garbage. These problems not only seriously affect the beauty and image of the city, reduce the livability and attractiveness of the city, but also deteriorate the water quality, reduce the biodiversity of the water system, cause eutrophication of the water body, over-proliferation of algae, formation of water blooms, block sunlight, affect the photosynthesis of underwater plants, and further damage the ecological balance.

[0004] The paper "Experimental Study on the Release Simulation of Phosphorus in Sediments of the Xiangjiang River under Different Restoration Measures [D]. China Three Gorges University, 2022." studied the release mechanism of phosphorus in the bottom mud of water bodies such as river channels and demonstrated the starting flow velocity of bottom mud phosphorus release. Human activities have discharged excessive nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants into the river channel. The construction of a water weir raises the water level and reduces the upstream flow velocity, causing phosphorus elements in the water body to sink to the bottom and combine with the bottom mud. In the long-term process, it causes the enrichment of phosphorus in the river bottom mud and phosphorus elements in the water body, and the conversion and release of different forms of phosphorus cause over-proliferation of algae. Therefore, an important issue that cannot be ignored in the renovation of shallow water areas such as urban hydrophilic rivers or landscapes is how to increase their ecological functions. The functions of landscape water weirs should not only consider their functions of regulating water level, balancing river channel flow velocity, and enhancing landscape effects. Attention should also be paid to maintaining the natural river channel ecology under human activity intervention.

[0005] Patent CN 107724333A discloses an anti-clogging ecological filter dam for enhancing the denitrification effect of rivers. By arranging gabion nets on the dam foundation and filling cobblestones, gravels, and fillers inside the dam body, and filling ecological matrix particles in the fillers, etc., it can effectively increase the content of organic carbon sources and enhance the denitrification effect for nitrogen removal. However, its layout has a relatively large size, making it difficult to be applied in landscape water ponds. Moreover, this ecological filter dam is not easy to maintain. Once problems occur in the internal system of the fillers, it is difficult to repair. Patent CN 110386727A discloses a vertical flow - cross-flow compound enhanced denitrification and phosphorus removal anti-clogging ecological filter dam for urban non-flood channels. By increasing the dissolved oxygen in the river, extending the hydraulic retention time, and providing an environment required for multi-stage nitrification - denitrification and phosphorus removal reactions to improve the denitrification and phosphorus removal effects, there are still problems such as a relatively large size and being not easy to maintain when problems occur.

[0006] Considering that the application scenarios of landscape water ponds are special, there are corresponding personnel for management in general urban parks, waterfront leisure belts, tourist attractions, etc. Therefore, the design of pollutant load treatment should be considered according to the actual situation. Under the condition of long-term operation, the pollutant load concentration is generally not too high. Therefore, we should not blindly consider the effect while ignoring its practicability. Although increasing the volume of the ecological filter dam can increase its treatment effect, the resulting impracticality problems also need to be considered.

[0007] CN 110713324A discloses an ecological filter dam and its application based on efficient in-situ interception of pollutants, and proposes the use of modular unit design to facilitate the construction, replacement, and demolition of the dam body. CN 211171811U discloses a prefabricated ecological filter dam structure in shallow water areas. By using isolation grid plates to divide the ecological filter dam frame, it realizes the rapid construction of the river dam in an assembled manner. This design is feasible for use in landscape ditches, but there are still problems such as landscape benefits, ecological benefits, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutant removal effects that have not been fully considered when used as a landscape water pond.

[0008] The above-mentioned inventions or utility models mainly put forward the idea of in-situ interception of pollutants for large-volume water-passing structures, and the use of prefabricated design provides a good design idea for the convenience of structure construction and later operation and maintenance. However, compared with the present invention, there are mainly two problems: one is the different objects of action. The improvement objects of the above structures are mainly ecological filter dams, but the application scenarios of landscape water ponds are different from those of ecological filter dams. Therefore, their structure sizes, material compositions, function divisions, etc. do not match the application scenarios of landscape water ponds and cannot be applied directly; the other is that although the above-mentioned inventions consider the in-situ interception of pollutants, they do not start from the design idea of pollutant load, and the types and dosages of materials used are relatively vague, and a good set of technologies cannot be formed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a prefabricated ecological landscape water weir structure and method for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants, so as to improve water quality and ecological optimization of shallow water channels such as urban hydrophilic rivers, waterfront leisure belts, and tourist scenic spots.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a prefabricated ecological landscape water weir structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants, including a pre-weir treatment area and a weir body treatment area. The pre-weir treatment area from top to bottom is the first-stage filtration layer, the second-stage filtration layer, the first-stage packing layer, the second-stage packing layer, and the pre-weir sand filtration layer. The weir body treatment area from top to bottom is the concrete coping, the structural support layer, the oxidation zone honeycomb packing layer, the microbial brick layer, and the weir body sand filtration layer. A cross-river stepping stone is arranged on the top of the concrete coping. The microbial brick layer is formed by stacking a number of packing bricks staggered for microbial attachment. Anti-seepage layers are provided at the bottoms of the pre-weir sand filtration layer and the weir body sand filtration layer, and the anti-seepage layers completely cover the pre-weir treatment area and the weir body treatment area.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the first-stage filtration layer is medium-coarse sand with a fineness modulus in the range of 2.5 - 3.5 and a mud content not higher than 0.7%. The second-stage filtration layer is cobblestones or activated carbon, and the diameter of the cobblestones is 2.0 - 4.5 cm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the first-stage packing layer is composed of a number of ecological stone cage monomers stacked staggered. Each ecological stone cage monomer includes a cage frame, a wire mesh is arranged on the cage frame to jointly form a cage with the cage frame, and a first hexagonal honeycomb inclined tube packing is arranged inside the cage, and a small matrix packing is filled inside the first hexagonal honeycomb inclined tube packing.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the second-stage packing layer is composed of a number of second-stage packing monomers stacked. Each second-stage packing monomer includes a grid frame, large particle size matrix packing is filled inside the grid frame, and a grid frame wire mesh is arranged outside the grid frame to block the large matrix packing.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the structural support layer includes a number of structural support layer monomers. Each structural support layer monomer includes a stone cage box filled with cobblestones.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the oxidation zone honeycomb packing layer includes a number of oxidation zone honeycomb packing layer monomers. Each oxidation zone honeycomb packing layer monomer includes an ecological stone cage box frame, a stone cage box wire mesh is arranged on the ecological stone cage box frame, and the ecological stone cage box frame and the stone cage box wire mesh form an ecological stone cage box. A second hexagonal honeycomb inclined tube packing is filled inside the ecological stone cage box, and a packing matrix is filled inside the second hexagonal honeycomb inclined tube packing.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, through holes cooperating with the aeration system are provided in the embankment treatment area. A hole cover is provided at the top of the through holes. The aeration system includes an aeration main pipe. A number of aeration branch pipes are provided at the bottom of the aeration main pipe, and a number of aeration holes are provided on the aeration branch pipes.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a stepped structure is provided downstream of the embankment treatment area. Natural flagstones are provided on the surface of the stepped structure, and a downstream concrete floor is provided downstream of the side walls on both sides of the water embankment.

[0018] The present invention also provides a design method for an assembled ecological landscape water embankment structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants, including the following steps: Obtain river pollutant indicators, pollutant assimilation capacity indicators, river flow indicators, and traditional water embankment design indicators: The river pollutant indicators include the total amount of original pollutants Q' in the current river section, the pollutant inflow intensity q1 in the upstream section, the pollutant inflow intensity q2 in this river section, the peak pollutant inflow volume Qh, and the target pollutant concentration q at the outlet river section; The pollutant assimilation capacity indicators include the water body self-purification capacity p1, the physical adsorption and pollutant retention capacity p2 of the material, and the biochemical reaction assimilation capacity p3 of the reaction zone; The river flow indicators include the upstream inflow river section flow F', the inflow in this river section f1, the outflow in this river section f2, the net flow in this river section ΔF, and the flood peak flow Fh; The traditional water embankment design indicators include the upstream and downstream water levels h1 and h2, the embankment height ΔH and embankment length L, the flow capacity F, the water embankment slope gradient i, the energy dissipation facility coefficient k', and the permeability coefficient kc; Calculate the layout volumes of the first-stage filler layer, the second-stage filler layer, the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer, and the microbial brick layer according to the filler types of the first-stage filler layer, the second-stage filler layer, the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer, and the microbial brick layer and their pollutant assimilation capacities.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the calculation method for the layout volumes of the first-stage filler layer, the second-stage filler layer, the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer, and the microbial brick layer is as follows: The total amount of original pollutants in this river section: Q' = Fh·(h2 - h1)·q1; The pollutant intensity in this river section: R1 = (q1 - q)·F'; The inflow pollutant intensity in this river section: R2 = q2·f1; The pollutant reduction target: A = (q1 - q)·F' + q2·f1; The comprehensive pollutant retention capacity of the river section: B = p1 + p2 + p3 ≥ A, where p1 and p2 respectively refer to the water body self-purification capacity and the physical adsorption capacity of the material for pollutants, and are obtained through experiments; Requirement for the pollutant absorption capacity of the reaction zone: p3 = A - p1 - p2 = P·(V1 + V2 + V3 + V4) = w1·V1 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ1 + w2·V2 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ2 + w3·V3 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ3 + w4·V4 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ4; Among them, ρ1, ρ2, ρ3, and ρ4 are the pollutant removal characteristics of the first-stage packing layer, the second-stage packing layer, the honeycomb packing layer in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer, respectively, which are measured by experiments; the layout volumes of the first-stage packing layer, the second-stage packing layer, the honeycomb packing layer in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer are V1, V2, V3, and V4 respectively, and w1, w2, w3, and w4 are the ratios of the first-stage packing layer, the second-stage packing layer, the honeycomb packing layer in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer initially set, and P is the pollutant removal capacity per unit volume of the packing.

[0020] The assembled ecological landscape water weir structure and design method for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts various different forms such as a two-stage filter layer, a two-stage packing layer, a honeycomb packing layer in the oxidation zone, and a microbial brick layer, which enriches the environment for the attachment and growth of microorganisms, supports environmental modification of the corresponding areas, such as adding specific bactericides, adjusting the pH, etc., improves the functions of each area, enhances the synergistic effect between microorganisms, and improves the operability of the system.

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts an assembled structure, and different packings, substrates, materials, etc. are separately filled in the form of gabions, grid frames, packing bricks, etc. to construct a modular process, which can save construction time and is also more convenient for later maintenance and replacement.

[0022] 3. A design method for an efficient in-situ interception water weir based on considering the pollutant treatment load is proposed. The structural composition, overall scale, and component ratio of the ecological water weir are calculated according to the pollution load intensity and the pollutant absorption capacity, and quantitative treatment is carried out, making the technology more advanced. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a detailed drawing of the pre-treatment area of the weir of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a detailed drawing of the body treatment area of the weir of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aeration system of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view of the installation of the aeration system; Figure 6 This is the design method diagram of the present invention; In the figure: the front-pond treatment area 100, the first-stage filtering layer 110, the second-stage filtering layer 120, the first-stage packing layer 130, the cage frame 131, the wire mesh 132, the first hexagonal honeycomb inclined tube packing 133, the small substrate packing 134, the second-stage packing layer 140, the grid frame 141, the large-particle-size substrate packing 142, the grid-frame wire mesh 143, the front-pond sand filtering layer 150; The body-of-pond treatment area 200, the concrete coping 210, the structural support layer 220, the gabion cage 221, the cobblestones 222, the oxidation-zone honeycomb packing layer 230, the ecological gabion cage frame 231, the gabion-cage wire mesh 232, the second hexagonal honeycomb inclined tube packing 233, the packing substrate 234, the microbial brick layer 240, the packing bricks 241, the body-of-pond sand filtering layer 250, the cross-river stepping stones 260, the through holes 270, the hole covers 280; The anti-seepage layer 300; The aeration system 400, the main aeration pipe 410, the branch aeration pipes 420, the aeration holes 430; The stepped structure 500, the natural flagstones 510; The side walls on both sides of the water dam 600, the downstream concrete floor slab 610; The drain pipe 700. Specific implementation manners

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1 - 3 shown, an assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for highly efficient in-situ interception of pollutants includes a front-pond treatment area 100 and a body-of-pond treatment area 200.

[0026] As Figure 2 shown, the front-pond treatment area 100 from top to bottom is respectively the first-stage filtering layer 110, the second-stage filtering layer 120, the first-stage packing layer 130, the second-stage packing layer 140 and the front-pond sand filtering layer 150.

[0027] The first-stage filtering layer 110 is medium-coarse sand with a relatively good permeability coefficient. The laying thickness of this layer should not be too deep. Its function is similar to that of a trash rack, mainly playing the role of intercepting water pollutants and physically adsorbing solid particles in the water. The fineness modulus ranges from 2.5 to 3.5, and the mud content is not higher than 0.7%. Setting a good particle gradation can ensure a certain porosity, keep the water flow channel unobstructed, and intercept large-volume substances and some suspended matters and impurities in the water.

[0028] The second filter layer 120 is pebbles or activated carbon, with a diameter of 2.0 to 4.5 cm. Under the vertical action of the water flow, tiny pollutant particles in the water body rub against the concave and convex areas on the surface of the pebbles, and are adsorbed to the surface of the pebbles by friction. At the same time, the pebbles also play a structural support role. If you need to enhance the physical adsorption effect, you can choose to replace the pebbles with activated carbon. Activated carbon has a very developed pore structure and a huge specific surface area, and has a strong adsorption capacity for impurities in water.

[0029] The first-level filler layer 130 is composed of several eco-gabion monomers stacked in an interlaced manner. The eco-gabion monomer includes a mesh box frame 131. The wire mesh 132 is arranged on the mesh box frame 131 and together with the mesh box frame 131, the mesh box size is length × width × height = 1m × 0.5m × 0.5m, the mesh size is 60mm × 80mm, and the steel wire specification is a steel wire with a diameter of 2.5mm. A first hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler 133 is arranged in the mesh box, and a small matrix filler 134 is filled in the first hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler 133. The PP hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler has a tube diameter specification of 35mm or 50mm. There is no limit on the small matrix particles filled inside, and activated carbon particles, zeolite, ceramsite, etc. can be selected. This type of material has good ion exchange and adsorption properties, removes pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen in water, adsorbs organic matter and some bacteria in water, provides a place for microorganisms to attach and grow, and enhances the self-purification ability of the water body. The ecological gabions are made by placing honeycomb tubes inside the gabions and filling them with small-particle matrix fillers. The staggered stacking of gabion monomers plays a supporting structure and fixes the fillers. The small-particle internal matrix provides attachment space for the growth of microorganisms, prompting them to form a stable biochemical reaction zone.

[0030] The second-stage filler layer 140 is composed of a plurality of stacked secondary filler monomers, each of which includes a grid frame 141 , in which a large-particle matrix filler 142 is filled, and a grid steel wire mesh 143 is arranged outside the grid frame 141 to block the large-particle matrix filler 142 .

[0031] The second-stage filling layer grid frame 141 adopts a rectangular grid frame with a strong and tough frame. The material is 304 stainless steel. A single grid frame has 12 edges, 4 of which are 1m in length and 8 of which are 0.5m in length, forming a grid frame of length × width × height = 1m × 0.5m × 0.5m. The matrix filler is enlarged in the middle and the six surfaces are tied and fixed with a grid frame wire mesh 143. The stainless steel frame has higher strength and is located at the bottom to withstand the pressure of the upper filler, which is conducive to structural stability.

[0032] The second - stage filler layer is filled with large - matrix particles such as volcanic stones or medical stones. Such materials have good pore structures, large surface areas, and can adsorb harmful bacteria, heavy metal ions, etc. Volcanic stone materials are hard in texture, with less chipping, and are rich in various elements beneficial to the growth of animals and plants. Medical stone has adsorption, solubility, regulation, biological activity, and mineralization properties. It can activate ions in water, increase the content of oxygen ions, stabilize water quality, release mineral elements, absorb impurities in water, and provide a good growth bed for nitrifying bacteria.

[0033] The second - stage filler layer uses a special - made frame as the filler support body, and is internally filled with large - particle - size matrix fillers. The large - particle matrix fillers and the special - made frame have higher strength. Placed at the bottom, they can bear the upper pressure, which is beneficial to the structural stability. The large - particle matrix inside provides an attachment space for the growth of microorganisms, promoting the formation of a stable biochemical reaction zone.

[0034] The pre - slope sand - filtration layer 150 is mainly laid at the bottom for ground leveling.

[0035] By constructing a two - stage filler - layer reaction zone, the micro - environment of the reaction zone can be manipulated to construct microorganisms adapted to different environments. For example, the most suitable pH for the growth of polyphosphate - accumulating bacteria is between 6.5 and 8.0, and the most suitable pH for the growth of nitrifying bacteria is between 7.5 and 8.5. By setting up two - stage reaction zones, the growth environments of functional flora can be better distinguished, the antagonistic effect between flora can be reduced, and the advantages of their synergistic effect can be exerted.

[0036] As Figure 3 As shown, the body treatment area 200 from top to bottom is respectively the concrete coping 210, the structural support layer 220, the oxidation - zone honeycomb filler layer 230, the microbial brick layer 240, and the body sand - filtration layer 250. The top of the concrete coping 210 is provided with cross - river stepping stones 260. The microbial brick layer 240 is formed by stacking a number of filler bricks 241 in a staggered manner for microbial attachment.

[0037] The concrete coping 210 mainly plays a role in structural stability.

[0038] The structural support layer 220 includes a number of structural - support - layer monomers. The structural - support - layer monomer includes a gabion box 221, and the gabion box 221 is filled with cobblestones 222. Reserved holes for installing an aeration system are reserved inside the structural support layer 220. The gabion box 221 has dimensions of length×width×height = 1m×0.5m×0.5m, the mesh size is 60mm×80mm, the wire gauge is a wire with a diameter of 2.5mm, and the internal cobblestones have good permeability and play a role in coping fixation.

[0039] The oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer 230 is mainly used as an oxidation reaction zone, and includes a plurality of oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer monomers, and the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer monomers include an ecological gabion box frame 231, and a gabion box steel wire mesh 232 is provided on the ecological gabion box frame 231. The ecological gabion box frame 231 and the gabion box steel wire mesh 232 form an ecological gabion box, and the ecological gabion box is filled with a second hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler 233, and the second hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler 233 is filled with a filler matrix 234. A reserved hole for installing an aeration system is reserved inside the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer 230.

[0040] The microbial brick layer 240 is formed by staggered stacking of a number of filler bricks 241. The filler brick 241 is a brick structure with dense pores formed by pressing the filler. In the present embodiment, the filler brick 241 is a rectangular structure with dense pores formed by a mixture of zeolite, sand and soil. The size of a single brick is 100mm×50mm×50mm in length×width×height. The bricks are staggered and have a large number of pores in the middle, which provides attachment space for the growth of microorganisms. Aeration pipe branches are arranged between the filler bricks. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the environment decreases as the spacing between the aeration pipes increases, forming a microbial environment with a dissolved oxygen gradient. The staggered structure forms an aerobic-hypoxic-anaerobic staggered environment, which helps to enhance the synergistic effect between different microorganisms.

[0041] The microbial brick layer 240 has high strength and biological affinity, and can bear a strong load as a structural component. At the same time, it can provide good conditions for microbial enrichment as an oxidation reaction zone, and an aeration pipe installation hole is reserved in the middle.

[0042] The river-crossing stepping stone 260 is made of natural noodle stone with a specification of 500mm×300mm×350mm, and the material can be limestone, limestone, or tuff, and a hole is drilled in the middle to pass the aeration pipe.

[0043] The bottom of the sand filter layer 150 in front of the dam and the sand filter layer 250 in the dam body are both provided with an anti-seepage layer 300, and the anti-seepage layer 300 completely covers the treatment area 100 in front of the dam and the treatment area 200 in the dam body. The anti-seepage layer 300 uses a double-layer geotextile as a waterproof material with a specification of 400g / m 2 It must be laid before construction and completely cover the entire pre-dam treatment area and the body of the dam to ensure that no leakage occurs and to ensure that the physical and biochemical processes of the entire system are fully complete.

[0044] A stepped structure 500 is arranged downstream of the pond body treatment area 200, and a natural noodle stone 510 is arranged on the surface of the stepped structure 500, with a specification of 2000mm×600mm×500mm. A downstream concrete bottom plate 610 is arranged downstream of the side walls 600 on both sides of the water pond. The side walls on both sides of the water pond adopt C20 buried stone concrete; the downstream adopts a C25 concrete bottom plate.

[0045] Preferably,Figures 4 - 5 As shown, the embankment body treatment area 200 is provided with through holes 270 that cooperate with the aeration system 400. The through holes 270 serve two purposes. They can be used as chemical agent injection holes and also as installation holes for the aeration system. A hole cover 280 is provided at the top of the through hole 270.

[0046] The aeration system 400 includes an aeration main pipe 410. A number of aeration branch pipes 420 are provided at the bottom of the aeration main pipe 410, and a number of aeration holes 430 are provided on the aeration branch pipes 420.

[0047] Through aeration, multiple oxidation reaction zones can be established in the embankment body treatment area. The aeration main pipe 410 transmits air to each area of the system through each branch pipe, increasing the dissolved oxygen in the water, promoting nitrification and the aerobic phosphorus uptake of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, and completing the denitrification and phosphorus removal reaction. If, in special cases, the treatment of ecological water embankments cannot meet the load requirements, the aeration system 400 and the hole cover 280 can be opened to inject sewage treatment phosphorus removal agents or other chemicals, and chemical treatment can be used to make up for the function.

[0048] Combined with Embodiment 1, Embodiment 3 and Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , if the thicknesses of both the first-stage packing layer 130 and the second-stage packing layer 140 are 1 m, then two layers can be arranged vertically. The width of the river channel is 69.7 m, and the length Lw1 to be arranged along the river direction is Lw1 = V / 69.7 / 1 = 0.22 m. If the thicknesses of both the first-stage packing layer 130 and the second-stage packing layer 140 are 0.5 m and only one layer is arranged, it only needs 0.44 m. Since the calculated laying width is too narrow, it is not recommended to arrange them across the entire river channel from the left bank to the right bank. The best way is to arrange them separately.

[0049] Adopting a length Lw1 = 2 m arranged along the river direction for each section, a single-section width b = 2 m, and thicknesses h = 1 m for both the first-stage packing layer 130 and the second-stage packing layer 140, with two layers arranged vertically, then the number of sections n to be arranged is n = V / Lw1 × b × h = 4 sections. Therefore, arranging 4 ecological embankment bodies at equal intervals from the left bank to the right bank can meet the requirements.

[0050] The honeycomb packing layer 230 and the microbial brick layer 240 in the oxidation zone are arranged in the same way with the same scale, that is, the length Lw3 = Lw4 = 2 m arranged along the river direction, a single-section width b = 2 m, thicknesses h = 1 m, with two layers arranged vertically, and 4 sections are arranged at equal intervals from the left bank to the right bank.

[0051] Combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the water flow passes through two layers of filter layers, two layers of packing layers and a sand filter layer from top to bottom. The bottom of the structure is a waterproof geotextile; two layers of geotextiles are arranged, and the front-treatment area and the surrounding of the embankment body section of each section are completely wrapped according to the foregoing, ensuring no leakage.

[0052] After the ecological gabion units and secondary filler units are completed, they are assembled. They are stacked in an alternating pattern to form the overall structure, leaving a position for the drain pipe 700. The drain pipe uses a φ75 PVC drain pipe with a spacing of 2 m, and a double-layer geotextile filter is provided at the inner opening.

[0053] Figure 4 The structural support layer units, the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer units, and the filler bricks 241 described above are made into corresponding specifications according to the described dimensions, and are also stacked in an alternating pattern. A position for the aeration pipe needs to be reserved in the middle. Under the condition of meeting the structural stability, a certain porosity is allowed to remain. The internal porosity is more conducive to the uniform transmission of gas during aeration.

[0054] Combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the aeration system 400 is located in the middle of the cross-river stepping stones and is buried underground during the construction of the water weir. During construction, the pipeline is buried first, and then the microbial brick layer 240 and the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer 230 are assembled.

[0055] Figure 4 The middle hole cover 280 is used when chemical agents need to be added for treatment under special circumstances. Open the hole cover 280 and put in chemical agents such as chemical phosphorus removers.

[0056] Example 2: A design method for an assembled ecological landscape water weir structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants, as Figure 6 shown, includes the following steps: Obtain river pollutant indicators, pollutant assimilation capacity indicators, river flow indicators, and traditional water weir design indicators.

[0057] The river channel pollutant indicators include the total original pollutants Q' in the current river section, the pollutant intensity q1 entering the river from the upstream section, the pollutant intensity q2 entering the river in this river section, the peak pollutant inflow Qh, and the target pollutant concentration q at the outlet of the river section. The specific meanings of the indicators are as follows: The meaning of the Q' indicator is that before the design of the water dam in this river section, the concentrations of the main pollutants N and P in this river section and the total water volume of this river section are detected, and their product is the total original pollutants in the current river section; the meaning of the q1 indicator is the pollutant concentration of the water passing through the water dam in the upstream river section; the meaning of the q2 indicator is the pollutants brought by the inflow of other water bodies existing in this river section, which generally exists in the water flow convergence section. If there is no inflow of other water bodies in this river section, then q2 = 0; the pollutant inflow peak Qh mainly refers to the peak of the pollutant inflow in this river section affected by the laws of human activities, such as the peak pollutant inflows before and after three meals and at night caused by human activities such as three meals and washing, and the high pollutant concentrations brought by weekend activities, etc. This indicator mainly considers the pollution absorption limit capacity of the water dam affected by human activities. If the regional planning has strictly implemented rainwater-sewage separation and sewage treatment and there is no external pollution entering the river, it does not need to be considered; the meaning of the q indicator is the target discharge concentration that needs to be achieved after passing through the water dam in this river section and flowing into the next river section.

[0058] The pollutant absorption capacity indicators include the water self-purification capacity p1, the physical adsorption and pollution absorption capacity p2 of the material, and the biochemical reaction absorption capacity p3 in the reaction zone.

[0059] The specific meanings of the indicators are as follows: The meaning of the p1 indicator is that before the design of the water dam in this river section, the pollution absorption capacity of the water body itself is considered. For specific design calculations, the specification "Regulations for Calculating the Pollution Absorption Capacity of Water Areas GB / T 25173 - 2010" can be referred to, considering the zero-dimensional model or the one-dimensional model; the p2 indicator refers to the intensity of the physical adsorption effect of the water dam filling material on pollutants such as N and P, which is one of the ways to absorb pollutants; the p3 indicator is that after the internal filler of the water dam enriches specific polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria and denitrifying bacteria groups to form a stable biochemical reaction zone, its biochemical reaction effect on the elimination of pollutants such as N and P is the main way to absorb pollutants.

[0060] The river channel flow indicators include the upstream inflow F' into the river section, the inflow f1 in this river section, the outflow f2 in this river section, the net flow ΔF in this river section, and the flood peak flow Fh.

[0061] The meanings of specific indicators are as follows: The meaning of the F' indicator refers to the flow rate of the upstream weir flowing into the downstream; the meaning of the f1 indicator refers to the flow rate brought by the inflow of other water bodies existing in this river section. If there is no inflow of other water bodies, then f1 = 0; the meaning of the f2 indicator is the flow rate of the weir; the meaning of the ΔF indicator is the outflow - total inflow. Generally, ΔF = 0, unless it is an irrigation weir, but the present invention does not consider irrigation weirs and only lists the indicators to show logical integrity; the Fh is the maximum flow rate of this river section, and this indicator is mainly used to determine the flow - through capacity design of the weir.

[0062] The traditional weir design indicators include the upstream and downstream water levels h1 and h2, the weir height ΔH and the weir length L, the flow - through capacity F, the slope gradient i of the weir slope, the energy - dissipation facility coefficient k', and the permeability coefficient kc. The weir design indicators are technically mature and relevant design specifications can be referred to. It should only be noted that the present invention should focus on the design of the permeability coefficient kc of the weir body.

[0063] According to the filling types of the first - stage packing layer 130, the second - stage packing layer 140, the honeycomb packing layer 230 in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer 240, calculate the layout volumes of the first - stage packing layer 130, the second - stage packing layer 140, the honeycomb packing layer 230 in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer 240.

[0064] The calculation methods for the layout volumes of the first - stage packing layer 130, the second - stage packing layer 140, the honeycomb packing layer 230 in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer 240 are as follows: The total original amount of pollutants in this river section: Q' = Fh·(h2 - h1)·q1; The pollutant intensity in this river section: R1=(q1 - q)·F'; The pollutant intensity of the inflow in this river section: R2 = q2·f1; The pollutant reduction target: A=(q1 - q)·F'+q2·f1; The comprehensive pollution - absorption capacity of the river section: B = p1 + p2 + p3≥A, where p1 and p2 respectively refer to the water self - purification capacity and the physical adsorption capacity of the material for pollutants, which are obtained through experiments; The requirement for the pollutant - absorption capacity of the reaction zone: p3 = A - p1 - p2 = P·(V1 + V2 + V3 + V4)=w1·V1 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ1+w2·V2 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ2+w3·V3 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ3+w4·V4 / (w1 + w2 + w3 + w4)×ρ4; Among them, ρ1, ρ2, ρ3, and ρ4 are the pollutant removal capabilities of the first-stage packing layer 130, the second-stage packing layer 140, the honeycomb packing layer 230 in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer 240, respectively, which are measured by experiments; the layout volumes of the first-stage packing layer 130, the second-stage packing layer 140, the honeycomb packing layer 230 in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer 240 are V1, V2, V3, and V4, respectively. The filling ratios w1:w2:w3:w4 between the first-stage packing layer 130, the second-stage packing layer 140, the honeycomb packing layer 230 in the oxidation zone, and the microbial brick layer 240 are initially set; P is the pollutant removal capacity of the packing per unit volume.

[0065] The physical adsorption rate refers to the adsorption effect of the material itself, which is used to evaluate the expected effect of the material, and is different from the material's pollutant storage capacity p2, the latter referring to the actual operation effect or the effect after pre-experiment; the filling ratio is only for illustration, and there are not only 3 components, which depends on the specific implementation situation.

[0066] Example 3: As Figure 1 shown, the ecological water weir design process needs to first calculate indicators such as the inflow, outflow, flood peak flow, and pollutant intensity. Assume that when designing an ecological landscape water weir for a certain river in a certain city, the river section has been divided, and the water weir downstream of river section A is designed. The relevant information of this river section is as follows: The width of the river channel of river section A is 69.7m, the river bottom height is 52.30m, the designed water surface height is 53.15m, the normal single-width flow is 1m 3 / s, and the peak flow during a 20-year recurrence period is 1.3 times its flow. The bottom height drop downstream is 3.3m. The river channel pollutant concentrations are N = 1.5mg / L and P = 0.8mg / L. There are no other water bodies flowing into the river section. During the rainy season at mealtimes, there is non-point source pollution, and the inflowing concentrations are N = 5mg / L and P = 2mg / L, and the inflowing water volume is about 1000m 3 / h. It is required to obtain the target pollutant concentrations of the river section as N = 0.5mg / L and P = 0.05mg / L.

[0067] According to Figure 1 and the above, it can be obtained that the upstream and downstream water levels are h1 = 53.15m, h2 = 53.15 - 3.3 = 49.85m, ΔH = 3.3m. The energy dissipation coefficient k', the slope gradient i, the permeability coefficient kc, etc. are determined according to the conventional water weir design. The inflow F' into the upstream river section = the upstream single-width flow × the river width = 69.7m 3 / s, and the inflow f1 of this river section = 1000m 3 / h = 0.28m 3 / s, the peak flow rate Fh = 69.7×1.2 + 0.028 = 83.92, so the flow capacity of the water weir should be designed as F = 69.7×1.2 + 0.028 = 83.92 m 3 / s. There is no outflow downstream for the full discharge, ΔH = 83.92 m 3 / s.

[0068] The pollutant intensity q1 entering the river in the upstream section is q1 N = 1.5 mg / L, q1 P = 0.8 mg / L, q1 N represents the intensity of nitrogen in the pollutants entering the river in the upstream section, q1 P represents the intensity of phosphorus in the pollutants entering the river in the upstream section. By analogy, the following symbols with subscripts “(N)” and “(P)” represent the corresponding indicators of nitrogen and phosphorus respectively, and will not be elaborated later.

[0069] The pollutant intensity q2 entering the river in this river section is q2 N = 5 mg / L, q2 P = 2 mg / L; The original total amount of pollutants in the current river section is Q'N = Fh×(53.15 - 52.30)×q1 N = 83.92×(53.15 - 52.30)×1.5 = 106.998 g, Q'P = Fh×(53.15 - 52.30)×q1 P = 83.92×(53.15 - 52.30)×0.8 = 57.066 g. Downstream in the normal flow direction of the river section, it is required to reduce from N = 1.5 mg / L, P = 0.8 mg / L to the target concentrations N = 0.5 mg / L, P = 0.05 mg / L. Therefore, the required reduction capacity of nitrogen in the system is (q1 N - q N )F'+ q2 N ×f1 = (1.5 - 0.5)×69.7 + 5×0.28 = 71.1 g / (m 3 ·s), and the required reduction capacity of phosphorus in the system is (q1 P - q P )F'+ q2 P ×f1 = (0.8 - 0.05)×69.7 + 2×0.28 = 52.8 g / (m 3 ·s).

[0070] It is required that the sum of the water self - purification capacity p1, the physical adsorption capacity p2 of the material, and the biochemical reaction consumption capacity p3 of the reaction zone is greater than the required reduction capacity of the system, that is, to satisfy p1 N + p2 N + p3 N ≥ 71.1 g / (m 3 ·s), p1 P + p2P +p3 P ≥52.8 g / (m 3 ·s).

[0071] Assume that considering the photosynthesis of the plants in the river channel itself and the water self-purification ability p1 N =6.1 g / (m 3 ·s), p1 P =2.8 g / (m 3 ·s), then p2 N +p3 N ≥65.0 g / (m 3 ·s), p2 P +p3 P ≥50.0 g / (m 3 ·s).

[0072] Assume that 3 kinds of packing materials are selected. The small matrix packing material selected for the first-stage packing layer is activated carbon (w1), the large matrix packing material selected for the second-layer packing is volcanic stone (w2), and another packing material, medical stone (w3), is selected for the honeycomb packing layer in the oxidation zone. The porosity ρ of the 3 kinds of packing materials is 0.3. The filling volume ratio of the first-stage packing layer w1: the second-layer packing layer w2: the honeycomb layer w3 in the oxidation zone is initially set to 1:1:1. Through experimental verification, the pollutant treatment capacity of the physical adsorption of medium coarse sand and cobblestone per cubic meter is p1 N =0.2 g / (m 3 ·s), p1 P =0.02 g / (m 3 ·s), the denitrification and nitrogen removal amount per cubic meter in the first-stage packing area under anaerobic conditions is p1 N1 =1.5 g / (m 3 ·s), the denitrification and nitrogen removal amount per cubic meter in the second-stage packing area under anaerobic conditions is p1 N2 =3 g / (m 3 ·s), the aerobic phosphorus uptake amount of the honeycomb packing layer in the oxidation zone under aerobic conditions is p1 P1 =1.5 g / (m 3 ·s), the aerobic phosphorus uptake amount of the microbial brick layer under aerobic conditions is p1 P2 =2.0 g / (m 3 ·s).

[0073] Since the main function of the medium coarse sand and cobblestone is to filter large impurities to prevent the system from being blocked, and its physical adsorption effect is relatively small compared with that of the biochemical reaction zone, the physical adsorption effect is ignored in this example.

[0074] The first-stage packing area and the second-stage packing area mainly undertake the denitrification and nitrogen removal of the system under anaerobic conditions. According to the initial setting, their nitrogen removal capacity in the first-stage packing area and the second-stage packing area is P N= w1 / (w1 + w2) × 1.5 + w2 / (w1 + w2) × 3 = 1 / (1 + 1) × 1.5 + 1 / (1 + 1) × 3 = 4.5 g / (m 3 ·s), so the volume to be arranged is V1 = V2 = (p2 N + p3 N ) / PN = 71.1 / 4.5 = 15.8 m 3 .

[0075] The honeycomb packing layer and the microbial brick layer in the oxidation zone mainly undertake the phosphorus removal of the system, and its phosphorus absorption capacity requirement under aerobic conditions is P P = p1 P1 × (V3 + V4) = 2.0 × (15.8 + 13.2)_ = 58 g / (m 3 ·s). According to the preliminary setting, the honeycomb packing layer W3 in the oxidation zone is equal to W1 and W2, so the volume to be arranged is V3 = 15.8 m 3 . Its aerobic phosphorus absorption amount is PP = V3 × p1 P1 = 15.8 × 1.5 = 23.7 g / (m 3 ·s), then the volume of the microbial brick layer W4 to be arranged is V4 = (p2 P + p3 P - P P ) / p1 P2 = (50.0 - 23.7) / 2.0 = 13.2 m 3 .

[0076] Therefore, according to the calculation results of the structures of each area of the water pond based on the pollutant load in Example 3, the volume of the primary packing area W1 is 15.8 m 3 , the volume of the secondary packing area W2 is 15.8 m 3 , the volume of the honeycomb packing layer W2 in the oxidation zone is 15.8 m 3 , and the volume of the microbial brick layer W4 to be arranged is 13.2 m 3 . After judgment, under the preliminary setting of w1:w2:w3 = 1:1:1 in this scheme, the final filling ratio is w1:w2:w3:w4 = 1:1:1:0.84, and the proportion of each part is relatively uniform and appropriate, and the scheme is relatively appropriate, so the filling ratio is not adjusted anymore.

[0077] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled ecological landscape water dam structure with high efficiency in-situ interception of pollutants, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pre-impedance treatment area (100) and an impedance body treatment area (200). The pre-impedance treatment area (100) comprises, from top to bottom, a first-stage filtration layer (110), a second-stage filtration layer (120), a first-stage filler layer (130), a second-stage filler layer (140) and a pre-impedance sand filtration layer (150). The impedance body treatment area (200) comprises, from top to bottom, a concrete top pressure layer (210), a structural support layer (220), an oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer (230), A microbial brick layer (240) and a pond body sand filter layer (250), wherein a river-crossing stepping stone (260) is arranged on the top of the concrete pressure top (210), the microbial brick layer (240) is formed by a plurality of filler bricks (241) stacked in an interlaced manner, and is used for microbial attachment, and an impermeable layer (300) is arranged at the bottom of the pond front sand filter layer (150) and the pond body sand filter layer (250), and the impermeable layer (300) completely covers the pond front treatment area (100) and the pond body treatment area (200).

2. The assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first filter layer (110) is medium-coarse sand, with a fineness modulus ranging from 2.5 to 3.5 and a mud content not higher than 0.7%. The second filter layer (120) is pebbles or activated carbon, with a pebble diameter of 2.0 to 4.5 cm.

3. The assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first-stage filler layer (130) is composed of a plurality of eco-gabion monomers stacked in an interlaced manner, wherein the eco-gabion monomers include a mesh box frame (131), a steel wire mesh (132) is arranged on the mesh box frame (131) and together with the mesh box frame (131) forms a mesh box, a first hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler (133) is arranged in the mesh box, and a small matrix filler (134) is filled in the first hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler (133).

4. The assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second-stage filler layer (140) is composed of a plurality of stacked secondary filler monomers, each of which comprises a grid frame (141), the grid frame (141) is filled with a large-particle matrix filler (142), and a grid frame steel wire mesh (143) is arranged outside the grid frame (141) to block the large-particle matrix filler (142).

5. The assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structural support layer (220) comprises a plurality of structural support layer monomers, each of which comprises a gabion box (221), wherein the gabion box (221) is filled with pebbles (222).

6. The assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer (230) comprises a plurality of oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer monomers, the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer monomers comprising an ecological gabion box frame (231), a gabion box steel wire mesh (232) being provided on the ecological gabion box frame (231), the ecological gabion box frame (231) and the gabion box steel wire mesh (232) forming an ecological gabion box, the ecological gabion box being filled with a second hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler (233), and the second hexagonal honeycomb oblique tube filler (233) being filled with a filler matrix (234).

7. The assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pond body treatment area (200) is provided with a through hole (270) that cooperates with the aeration system (400), and a hole cover (280) is provided on the top of the through hole. The aeration system (400) comprises an aeration main pipe (410), and a plurality of aeration branch pipes (420) are provided at the bottom of the aeration main pipe (410), and a plurality of aeration holes (430) are provided on the aeration branch pipes (420).

8. The assembled ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A stepped structure (500) is arranged downstream of the pond body treatment area (200), a natural noodle stone (510) is arranged on the surface of the stepped structure (500), and a downstream concrete bottom plate (610) is arranged downstream of the side walls (600) on both sides of the water pond.

9. The design method of a prefabricated ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain river pollutant indicators, pollutant absorption capacity indicators, river flow indicators and traditional water dam design indicators: The river pollutant indicators include the total amount of original pollutants in the current river section Q', the intensity of pollutants entering the river from the upstream section q1, the intensity of pollutants entering the river from the current river section q2, the peak amount of pollutants entering the river Qh, and the target pollutant concentration q at the river exit; The pollutant absorption capacity indicators include the water body self-purification capacity p1, the material physical adsorption capacity p2, and the reaction zone biochemical reaction absorption capacity p3; The river flow index includes the upstream inflow flow F', the inflow flow f1 of the river section, the outflow flow f2 of the river section, the net flow ΔF of the river section, and the peak flow Fh; The traditional water dam design indicators include upstream and downstream water levels h1 and h2, dam height ΔH and dam length L, flow capacity F, dam slope i, energy dissipation facility coefficient k', and permeability coefficient kc; According to the filling material types of the first-stage filling layer (130), the second-stage filling layer (140), the oxidation zone honeycomb filling layer (230) and the microbial brick layer (240), the layout volumes of the first-stage filling layer (130), the second-stage filling layer (140), the oxidation zone honeycomb filling layer (230) and the microbial brick layer (240) are calculated.

10. The design method of a prefabricated ecological landscape water dam structure for efficient in-situ interception of pollutants according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The calculation method of the arrangement volume of the first-stage filler layer (130), the second-stage filler layer (140), the oxidation zone honeycomb filler layer (230) and the microbial brick layer (240) is as follows: The original total amount of pollutants in this river section: Q'=Fh·(h2-h1)·q1; Pollutant intensity in this river section: R1=(q1-q)·F'; Pollutant intensity of inflow in this river section: R2=q2·f1; Pollutant reduction target: A=(q1-q)·F'+q2·f1; Comprehensive pollution absorption capacity of river section: B=p1+p2+p3≥A, where p1 and p2 refer to the self-purification capacity of water body and the physical adsorption capacity of materials for pollutants, respectively, which are obtained through experiments; Reaction zone absorption capacity requirement: p3=A-p1-p2=P·(V1+V2+V3+V4)=w1·V1 / (w1+w2+w3+w4)×ρ1+w2·V2 / (w1+w2+w3+w4)×ρ2+w3·V3 / (w1+w2+w3+w4)×ρ3+w4·V4 / (w1+w2+w3+w4)×ρ4; Among them, ρ1, ρ2, ρ3, ρ4 are the removal characteristics of pollutants by the first-stage packing layer (130), the second-stage packing layer (140), the oxidation zone honeycomb packing layer (230) and the microbial brick layer (240), respectively, which are measured by experiments; the layout volumes of the first-stage packing layer (130), the second-stage packing layer (140), the oxidation zone honeycomb packing layer (230) and the microbial brick layer (240) are V1, V2, V3 and V4, respectively, and the filling ratios w1:w2:w3:w4 between the first-stage packing layer (130), the second-stage packing layer (140), the oxidation zone honeycomb packing layer (230) and the microbial brick layer (240) are preliminarily set; P is the removal capacity of the unit volume of packing for pollutants.

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