Roadway intersection point construction method
By using laser measurement technology and alarm system in the construction of tunnel intersections, the problem of lack of precise control during the excavation process is solved, the construction accuracy and molding effect of tunnel intersections are improved, and the project quality and coal mine safety production are ensured.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510350089.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
AI Technical Summary
There is a lack of scientific and accurate measurement and control methods during the tunnel intersection excavation process, resulting in poor forming effect and large dimensional errors, which affects the quality of the project.
By determining the location of the intersection of the tunnel and setting up a laser emitter on the inclined wall and the middle line of the tunnel, laser receivers and alarms are used to monitor and adjust the excavation action to ensure the accuracy and molding effect of the tunnel.
It improves the accuracy and molding effect of tunnel intersection construction, reduces dimensional errors, improves project quality, and ensures the requirements for safe production of coal mines.
Smart Images
Figure CN120120003A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of roadway tunneling, and particularly to a construction method for roadway intersections. Background Art
[0002] In coal mining operations, the tunneling of roadway intersections is of crucial importance. The tunneling of roadway intersections is an important link to ensure the smooth operation of mine ventilation, transportation, and pedestrian systems. However, the special structure of roadway intersections determines that their height and width vary in each row, which poses high requirements for the tunneling process. The corresponding tunneling processes for roadway intersection tunneling are forward tunneling and reverse tunneling. During forward tunneling, construction workers try to Figure 1 construct the roadway intersection in place at one time. During reverse tunneling, the inclined wall of the intersection is first enlarged and brushed partially, and then the full-face tunneling machine is reversed to further enlarge and form the roadway. During the construction process, the tunneling machine driver operates relying on past experience, lacking scientific and accurate measurement and control means, resulting in poor roadway shaping effect and large dimensional errors, seriously affecting the project quality, making it difficult for the roadway to meet the standardized requirements, and leaving potential safety hazards for subsequent coal mine safety production. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application provides a construction method for roadway intersections, which can improve the accuracy and shaping effect of the constructed roadway intersections.
[0004] The construction method for roadway intersections in the embodiments of the present invention includes:
[0005] Determine the position of the roadway intersection, and calibrate the waistline and centerline of the inclined roadway and the roadway intersection;
[0006] Set the waistline elevation of the roadway intersection after tunneling every preset distance. Laser emitters are provided on both the inclined wall and the roadway centerline;
[0007] A laser receiver corresponding to the roadway centerline is provided on the tunneling machine;
[0008] When tunneling the inclined wall, monitor the tunneling width of the inclined wall and adjust the tunneling action based on the monitored width.
[0009] The construction method for roadway intersections in the embodiments of this application can improve the accuracy and shaping effect of the constructed roadway intersections.
[0010] In some embodiments, during the construction process, by setting a plurality of elevation control points extending in the roadway direction on the roadway wall, and controlling the roadway height by adjusting the distance between the waistline elevation and the cutting head of the roadway tunneling machine, and monitoring the roadway waistline elevation using a level.
[0011] In some embodiments, a line laser measuring instrument is provided at the inclined wall, and the tunneling operation is adjusted by observing and adjusting the positional relationship between the tunneling machine and the laser line.
[0012] In some embodiments, the preset offset of the tunneling machine is set according to the width and height of the roadway.
[0013] In some embodiments, an alarm is provided on the tunneling machine and connected to the laser receiver. When the tunneling machine deviates from the center line, the alarm emits a signal.
[0014] In some embodiments, during the construction process, the surrounding rock of the roadway is supported by anchor cables and bolts, and anchor cable and bolt dynamometers are installed correspondingly to monitor the support effect.
[0015] In some embodiments, a roof separation meter is installed on the bolt, and whether to strengthen the support of the roof is determined by monitoring the data of the roof separation meter.
[0016] In some embodiments, during the construction process, whether to grout and support the roadway side is determined by the elastic energy index, impact energy index, dynamic failure time, and uniaxial compressive strength of the surrounding rock of the roadway.
[0017] In some embodiments, anchor cable support is carried out within a preset range in front of the roadway intersection point, and / or grouting support is carried out within the preset range in front of the roadway intersection point.
[0018] In some embodiments, grouting and bolt support are carried out on the inclined wall of the roadway intersection point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a construction method for a roadway intersection point provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an anchor cable dynamometer and a roof separation meter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:
[0023] The first roadway 1, the second roadway 2, the inclined wall 3, the anchor cable dynamometer 4, the laser emitter 5, the tunneling machine 6, the roof separation meter 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.
[0025] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. The terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. The terms "parallel", "perpendicular", and "equal" include the described situations and situations similar to the described situations, and the range of the similar situations is within the acceptable deviation range, where the acceptable deviation range is determined by those of ordinary skill in the art considering the measurements being discussed and the errors associated with the measurements of specific quantities (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallel and approximate parallel, where the acceptable deviation range of approximate parallel can be, for example, within 5° deviation; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicular and approximate perpendicular, where the acceptable deviation range of approximate perpendicular can also be, for example, within 5° deviation. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, where the acceptable deviation range of approximate equality can be, for example, that the difference between the two equal ones is less than or equal to 5% of any one of them. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.
[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art of this technology to better understand the solution of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0027] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the construction method of the roadway intersection in the embodiment of the present invention includes: determining the position of the roadway intersection, and calibrating the waistline and centerline of the inclined roadway and the roadway intersection. After every preset distance of tunneling, the elevation of the waistline of the roadway intersection is set. Laser transmitters 5 are provided on both the inclined wall 3 and the roadway centerline. A laser receiver corresponding to the roadway centerline is provided on the tunneling machine 6. When tunneling the inclined wall 3, the tunneling width of the inclined wall 3 is monitored and the tunneling operation is adjusted based on the monitored width.
[0028] The construction method of the roadway intersection in the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy and forming effect of the constructed roadway intersection.
[0029] Specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the position of the roadway intersection is determined by using drawings. Before tunneling the roadway intersection, the surveyors use a total station to calibrate the waistline and centerline of the roadway. The total station is a high-tech measuring instrument integrating optics, mechanics, and electronics. It can automatically measure angles and distances and obtain accurate coordinate data through an internal calculation program. In this process, the use of the total station can ensure that the calibration accuracy of the roadway waistline and centerline reaches the millimeter level, providing a benchmark for subsequent construction.
[0030] The roadway includes the first roadway 1 and the second roadway 2. The roadway intersection is located at the connection of the first roadway 1 and the second roadway 2. The tunneling device is located in the first roadway 1 and tunnels towards the second roadway 2. Before tunneling the roadway intersection, the surveyors use a total station to calibrate the waistline of the roadway and the centerline of the second roadway 2, which can be the waistline of the first roadway 1 or the second roadway 2.
[0031] After every preset distance of tunneling, the elevation of the waistline of the roadway intersection is set, that is, during the construction process, the roadway waistline is used as the benchmark for controlling the height of the intersection roadway. By setting multiple elevation control points on the roadway wall and using existing measuring instruments such as a level to regularly review the elevation of the waistline, and then adjusting the tunneling operation. For example, adjusting the distance between the roof of the roadway intersection and the roadway waistline to ensure that the roadway height always meets the design requirements during tunneling, thereby improving the accuracy during the construction of the roadway intersection.
[0032] Laser transmitters 5 are provided on both the inclined wall 3 and the roadway centerline. The laser transmitters 5 provided on the inclined wall 3 and the roadway centerline can emit stable and straight laser beams. These laser beams serve as a visual reference during the tunneling process to help the construction personnel accurately control the tunneling direction.
[0033] Especially in a complex underground environment, the laser beam can penetrate dust and fog and provide a clear indication of the tunneling path.
[0034] During tunneling, the laser beam emitted by the laser transmitter 5 can also be used as a reference to adjust the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine 6 and thus control the width of the roadway, ensuring that the roadway dimensions meet the design requirements. The use of the laser transmitter 5 reduces the number and time of manual measurements and improves construction efficiency. At the same time, the intuitiveness of the laser beam also makes it easier for construction personnel to understand and follow the tunneling requirements.
[0035] Monitor the tunneling width of the inclined wall 3 and adjust the tunneling action by the monitored width to control the tunneling width at the inclined wall 3. That is, the tunneling width of the inclined wall 3 is the distance between one side roadway rib and the other side roadway rib at the roadway intersection, as Figure 1 The dotted line part between the roadway ribs shown in controls the tunneling width of the inclined wall 3.
[0036] The roadway intersection construction method of the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy and forming effect of the constructed roadway intersection by regularly rechecking the waistline elevation using existing measuring instruments such as a level, adjusting the distance between the roof at the roadway intersection and the roadway waistline, ensuring that the roadway height always meets the design requirements during tunneling, arranging laser transmitters 5 on both the inclined wall 3 and the roadway center line, monitoring the tunneling width of the inclined wall 3 and adjusting the tunneling action by the monitored width.
[0037] In some embodiments, during the construction process, a plurality of elevation control points extending in the roadway direction are arranged on the roadway wall, and the roadway height is controlled by adjusting the distance between the waistline elevation and the cutting head of the roadway tunneling machine 6, and a level is used to monitor the roadway waistline elevation.
[0038] Specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, elevation control points at the roadway are arranged, and then the distance between the waistline elevation and the cutting head of the roadway tunneling machine 6 is adjusted by observing the roadway elevation to control the height of the roof, that is, the roadway height. Since during tunneling, a level and other measuring instruments are used to regularly recheck the waistline elevation to ensure that the roadway height always meets the design requirements during tunneling. At the same time, when the tunneling machine 6 cuts the top of the roadway, the operator can adjust the height of the cutting head according to the vertical distance between the waistline and the cutting head, that is, the distance between the waistline elevation and the cutting head of the roadway tunneling machine 6 is adjusted through the elevation control points of the waistline to control the roadway height.
[0039] In some embodiments, a line laser measuring instrument is arranged at the inclined wall 3, and the tunneling action is adjusted by observing and adjusting the positional relationship between the tunneling machine 6 and the laser line.
[0040] When driving the inclined wall 3, during the driving process of the inclined wall 3, the driver of the roadheader 6 can adjust the position of the cutting head in a timely manner by observing the horizontal distance between the line laser and the cutting head of the roadheader 6, so as to achieve precise control of the driving width of the inclined wall 3. At the same time, a plurality of width monitoring points are arranged on both sides of the inclined wall 3, and a rangefinder is used to regularly measure the distance between the monitoring points and the line laser emitter 5 to monitor and adjust the driving width of the inclined wall 3 in real time.
[0041] Furthermore, the preset offset of the roadheader 6 is set according to the roadway width and height, that is, during the driving process, there will be a certain degree of offset of the actual position of the roadheader 6 relative to the preset position. The operator can set the preset offset of the roadheader 6 according to the roadway width and height, that is, the operator needs to adjust the preset offset in a timely manner according to the actual situation to ensure that the roadheader 6 can operate according to the predetermined roadway contour, while ensuring the forming effect and accuracy of the roadway intersection, and improving the driving efficiency.
[0042] In some embodiments, an alarm is provided on the roadheader 6 and is connected to the laser receiver. When the roadheader 6 deviates from the center line, the alarm emits a signal. When the roadheader 6 advances along the predetermined driving direction, the laser receiver will regularly receive signals from the laser emitter 5. When the roadheader 6 deviates too much from the preset trajectory, that is, exceeds the preset offset of the roadheader 6, since the laser receiver cannot receive the laser signal, the alarm will alarm to remind the operator to adjust the driving action.
[0043] In some embodiments, during the construction process, the surrounding rock of the roadway is supported by anchor cables and bolts, and anchor cable and bolt dynamometers 4 are installed correspondingly to monitor the support effect, and then the support effect of the roadway is monitored to avoid changes in the support effect of the roadway during the driving of the roadway intersection and improve the stability during driving.
[0044] In some embodiments, a roof separation indicator 7 is installed on the bolt, and whether to strengthen the support of the roof is determined through the monitoring data of the roof separation indicator 7. Through the monitoring data of the roof separation indicator 7, the separation settlement amount of the roof relative to the bolt can be monitored. When the separation amount exceeds the preset threshold value, that is, the roof rock layer has undergone obvious movement or deformation, strengthening support is carried out at this time.
[0045] In some embodiments, during the construction process, whether to grout and support the roadway side is determined by the elastic energy index, impact energy index, dynamic failure time and uniaxial compressive strength of the surrounding rock of the roadway.
[0046] When the elastic energy index WET < 2, the impact energy index KE < 1.5, the dynamic failure time Dt > 500 ms, and the uniaxial compressive strength Rc < 7 MPa are satisfied simultaneously, the roadway side is not grouted and supported. Otherwise, the roadway side is grouted and reinforced.
[0047] In some embodiments, cable bolt support is carried out within a preset range in front of the roadway intersection, and / or grouting support is carried out within the preset range in front of the roadway intersection. Support the surrounding area of the roadway intersection in advance to improve the structural strength of the surrounding area of the intersection.
[0048] Grouting support injects slurry into the surrounding rock of the roadway to fill the cracks and voids in the surrounding rock, improving the integrity and bearing capacity of the surrounding rock. After the slurry solidifies, a consolidated body can be formed to reinforce the surrounding rock.
[0049] Cable bolt support has strong adaptability and is convenient for adapting to different construction environments. Operators can adopt different support schemes according to the actual situation, or use cable bolt support and grouting support simultaneously.
[0050] In some embodiments, grouting and bolt support are carried out on the inclined wall 3 of the roadway intersection, thereby improving the structural strength of the inclined wall 3 after tunneling and enhancing the stability and safety of the roadway intersection.
[0051] The above has introduced in detail a certain one provided by this application. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of this application, several improvements and modifications can still be made to this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A tunnel intersection construction method, characterized in that: include: Determine the location of the lane intersection and mark the waistline and centerline of the intersection between the inclined lane and the lane; The waistline elevation of the tunnel intersection is set after each preset interval of excavation, and laser transmitters are installed on the inclined wall and the center line of the tunnel; A laser receiver corresponding to the center line of the tunnel is provided on the tunnel boring machine; When excavating an inclined wall, the excavation width of the inclined wall is monitored and the excavation action is adjusted based on the monitored width.
2. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the construction process, multiple elevation control points extending in the tunnel direction are set on the tunnel wall, and the tunnel height is controlled by adjusting the distance between the waistline elevation and the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine. The tunnel waistline elevation is monitored using a level.
3. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A line laser measuring instrument is set up at the inclined wall, and the excavation action is adjusted by observing and adjusting the positional relationship between the tunnel boring machine and the laser line.
4. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Set the preset offset of the roadheader according to the tunnel width and height.
5. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: An alarm connected to a laser receiver is provided on the tunnel boring machine. When the tunnel boring machine deviates from the center line, the alarm sends a signal.
6. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the construction process, the tunnel surrounding rock is supported by anchor cables and anchor rods, and anchor cable and anchor rod dynamometers are installed accordingly to monitor the support effect.
7. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: A roof delamination meter is installed on the anchor rod, and the data monitored by the roof delamination meter is used to determine whether to strengthen the support of the roof.
8. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the construction process, whether grouting support should be provided on the tunnel wall is determined by the elastic energy index, impact energy index, dynamic failure time and uniaxial compressive strength of the tunnel surrounding rock.
9. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Anchor cable support is performed within a preset range before the tunnel intersection, and / or grouting support is performed within a preset range before the tunnel intersection.
10. The tunnel intersection construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inclined walls at the intersection of the tunnels are grouted and anchored.