Water turbine water guide structure with detachable wear-resistant ring and water turbine

Abstract

The invention provides a water turbine water guide structure comprising a detachable wear-resistant ring and a water turbine, the water turbine water guide structure comprising the detachable wear-resistant ring comprises a bottom ring; the guide vane supporting rod is separably arranged on the bottom ring; the movable guide vane is arranged on the guide vane supporting rod and can swing relative to the bottom ring; and the detachable wear-resistant ring covers the surface, facing the movable guide vane, of the bottom ring, the detachable wear-resistant ring is detachably connected with the bottom ring, and an avoiding hole for avoiding the guide vane supporting rod is formed in the detachable wear-resistant ring. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the performance of the water turbine is reduced due to the fact that the bottom ring is abraded in the prior art is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water turbines, and more particularly, to a water turbine guide water structure and a water turbine including a detachable wear-resistant ring. Background Art

[0002] A water turbine is a device that converts the kinetic energy and potential energy of water into rotational mechanical energy. The water turbine can drive a generator to generate electricity and is widely used in hydropower stations to provide clean and renewable energy for power supply. As an important device in a hydropower station, the efficiency and service life of a water turbine directly affect the operating economy of the hydropower station.

[0003] A water turbine includes a guide water structure that can control and regulate the water flow to improve the energy conversion efficiency and ensure that the water turbine operates in an optimal state. The guide water structure includes a bottom ring and movable guide vanes swingably arranged on the bottom ring.

[0004] In the related art, since the movable guide vanes need to swing relative to the bottom ring, friction is generated between the movable guide vanes and the bottom ring, which easily wears the bottom ring, resulting in a decline in the performance of the water turbine and an increase in the operating cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main object of the present invention is to provide a water turbine guide water structure and a water turbine including a detachable wear-resistant ring to solve the problem of wear of the bottom ring in the related art, which leads to a decline in the performance of the water turbine.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a water turbine guide water structure including a detachable wear-resistant ring is provided, which includes: a bottom ring; a guide vane support rod detachably arranged on the bottom ring; a movable guide vane arranged on the guide vane support rod, and the movable guide vane can swing relative to the bottom ring; a detachable wear-resistant ring covering the surface of the bottom ring facing the movable guide vane, the detachable wear-resistant ring is detachably connected to the bottom ring, and an avoidance hole for avoiding the guide vane support rod is arranged on the detachable wear-resistant ring.

[0007] Further, the detachable wear-resistant ring includes an annular plate and an annular protrusion arranged on the surface of the annular plate facing the movable guide vane, and the inner hole of the annular plate is located inside the inner hole of the annular protrusion.

[0008] Further, the avoidance hole is arranged on the annular plate, and the annular protrusion is located between the outer contour of the annular plate and the outside of the avoidance hole.

[0009] Further, a contact protrusion is arranged on the surface of the annular plate facing the movable guide vane, and the avoidance hole is arranged on the contact protrusion.

[0010] Further, the water turbine guide water structure including a detachable wear-resistant ring further includes a fastener, and the detachable wear-resistant ring is detachably connected to the bottom ring through the fastener.

[0011] Further, threaded holes are provided on the bottom ring, and one end of the guide vane support rod is provided with a threaded section, and the threaded section passes through the avoidance hole and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole.

[0012] Further, a wear-resistant layer is provided on the surface of the detachable wear-resistant ring facing the movable guide vane.

[0013] Further, the water turbine guide water structure including the detachable wear-resistant ring further includes a fixed guide vane fixedly arranged on the bottom ring. The fixed guide vane and the movable guide vane are located on the same side of the bottom ring, and the movable guide vane is located inside the fixed guide vane, and the detachable wear-resistant ring is located inside the fixed guide vane.

[0014] Further, the water turbine guide water structure including the detachable wear-resistant ring includes a plurality of detachable wear-resistant rings. The diameters and / or thicknesses between the plurality of detachable wear-resistant rings are different, and one of the plurality of detachable wear-resistant rings is selectively arranged between the bottom ring and the movable guide vane.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water turbine, including a draft tube and a water turbine guide water structure communicated with the draft tube, and the water turbine guide water structure is the above-mentioned water turbine guide water structure including a detachable wear-resistant ring.

[0016] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the water turbine guide water structure including the detachable wear-resistant ring includes: a bottom ring, a guide vane support rod, a movable guide vane and a detachable wear-resistant ring. The guide vane support rod is detachably arranged on the bottom ring. The movable guide vane is arranged on the guide vane support rod, and the movable guide vane can swing relative to the bottom ring. The detachable wear-resistant ring is covered on the surface of the bottom ring facing the movable guide vane, and the detachable wear-resistant ring is detachably connected to the bottom ring. An avoidance hole for avoiding the guide vane support rod is provided on the detachable wear-resistant ring. In this way, when the movable guide vane swings on the guide vane support rod, the detachable wear-resistant ring can contact the movable guide vane instead of the bottom ring, thereby reducing the wear of the bottom ring when the movable guide vane swings. And, by providing a detachable wear-resistant ring on the surface of the bottom ring facing the movable guide vane, and the detachable wear-resistant ring is detachably connected to the bottom ring, it is convenient for the replacement operation after the detachable wear-resistant ring is worn, ensuring the performance of the water turbine, reducing the wear of the bottom ring, reducing the maintenance cost, and prolonging the service life of the water turbine. And, the detachable setting of the guide vane support rod and the bottom ring is convenient for taking out the detachable wear-resistant ring from between the bottom ring and the guide vane support rod, thereby facilitating the replacement operation of the detachable wear-resistant ring. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem that the bottom ring in the related art is worn, resulting in the performance degradation of the water turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The specification drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 Shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a water turbine according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bottom ring of the water turbine guide structure with a detachable wear-resistant ring and the detachable wear-resistant ring;

[0020] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 An exploded structural schematic diagram of the bottom ring of the water turbine guide structure with a detachable wear-resistant ring and the detachable wear-resistant ring;

[0021] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 A top view schematic diagram of the detachable wear-resistant ring of the water turbine guide structure with a detachable wear-resistant ring.

[0022] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 10. Bottom ring;

[0024] 20. Guide vane support rod;

[0025] 30. Moving guide vane;

[0026] 40. Detachable wear-resistant ring; 41. Ring plate; 42. Ring protrusion; 43. Avoidance hole; 44. Screw hole;

[0027] 50. Fixed guide vane;

[0028] 61. Stay ring; 62. Support member;

[0029] 70. Draft tube. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The description of at least one exemplary embodiment below is actually only illustrative and in no way restricts the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the sake of convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the said technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the specification. In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the water turbine guide water structure with a detachable wear-resistant ring includes: a bottom ring 10, guide vane support rods 20, movable guide vanes 30, and a detachable wear-resistant ring 40. The guide vane support rods 20 are detachably arranged on the bottom ring 10. The movable guide vanes 30 are arranged on the guide vane support rods 20, and the movable guide vanes 30 can swing relative to the bottom ring 10. The detachable wear-resistant ring 40 covers the surface of the bottom ring 10 facing the movable guide vanes 30, the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 is detachably connected to the bottom ring 10, and the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 is provided with an avoidance hole 43 for avoiding the guide vane support rods 20.

[0034] In this way, when the movable guide vane 30 swings on the guide vane support rod 20, the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 can contact the movable guide vane 30 instead of the bottom ring 10, thereby reducing the wear of the bottom ring 10 when the movable guide vane 30 swings. Moreover, by arranging the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 on the surface of the bottom ring 10 facing the movable guide vane 30 and connecting the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 to the bottom ring 10 in a separable manner, it is convenient to replace the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 after it is worn, ensuring the performance of the water turbine, reducing the wear of the bottom ring 10, lowering the maintenance cost, and extending the service life of the water turbine. Also, the separable arrangement of the guide vane support rod 20 and the bottom ring 10 facilitates the removal of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 from between the bottom ring 10 and the guide vane support rod 20, thus facilitating the replacement operation of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem in the related art that the bottom ring 10 is worn, resulting in a decline in the performance of the water turbine.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 includes an annular plate 41 and an annular protrusion 42 provided on the surface of the annular plate 41 facing the movable guide vane 30. The inner hole of the annular plate 41 is located within the inner hole of the annular protrusion 42. The arrangement of the annular protrusion 42 on the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 can optimize the distribution of water flow, optimize the water flow guidance, reduce the concentrated impact of water flow on the surface of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40, make the water flow more evenly distributed, and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the water turbine. Moreover, the arrangement of the annular protrusion 42 can enhance the structural strength of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40, improve the operating efficiency and stability of the water turbine, and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0036] In this embodiment, the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 is located at the bottom of the movable guide vane 30, and the bottom ring 10 is located at the bottom of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40. The bottom of the movable guide vane 30 contacts the surface of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40. The bottom surface of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 is arranged to fit the top surface of the bottom ring 10.

[0037] The inventor found that when the water flow velocity is too high, the local water flow velocity near the inner side of the connection between the movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10 will be too fast, which is likely to erode the inner surfaces of the movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10.

[0038] Therefore, in other embodiments, the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 further includes an anti-wear flange connected to the inner hole of the annular plate 41, and the anti-wear flange extends into the inner hole of the bottom ring 10. The arrangement of the anti-wear flange can reduce the wear of the inner side of the bottom ring 10, reduce the impact wear of the sand-containing water flow on the inner side of the bottom ring 10, reduce the high-speed scouring caused between the inner sides of the movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10 when the high-speed water flow passes through the inner side of the bottom ring 10, and reduce the surface erosion problem of the inner sides of the movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10.

[0039] In this embodiment, the annular plate 41, the annular protrusion 42, and the wear-resistant flange are of an integrally formed structure, having high mechanical stability and wear-resistant performance.

[0040] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the avoidance hole 43 is provided on the annular plate 41, and the annular protrusion 42 is located between the outer contour of the annular plate 41 and the outside of the avoidance hole 43. The setting of the relative positions of the avoidance hole 43 and the annular protrusion 42 reduces the direct contact between the movable guide vane 30 and the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 when the movable guide vane 30 swings, thereby reducing the wear on the annular protrusion 42 and increasing the structural stability of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40.

[0041] It should be noted that the annular plate 41 has an inner annular side wall and an outer annular side wall, and the outer contour of the annular plate 41 refers to the outer annular side wall.

[0042] Furthermore, contact protrusions are provided on the surface of the annular plate 41 facing the movable guide vane 30, and the avoidance hole 43 is provided on the contact protrusions. Through the setting of the contact protrusions, the movable guide vane 30 can contact the contact protrusions, reducing the contact area between the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 and the movable guide vane 30, thereby reducing the wear of the movable guide vane 30 on the detachable wear-resistant ring 40, reducing the replacement frequency of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40, and lowering the maintenance cost. Moreover, the setting of the contact protrusions can effectively disperse the water flow impact force, protect the movable guide vane 30, the detachable wear-resistant ring 40, and the bottom ring 10, while improving the operating efficiency of the water turbine.

[0043] Furthermore, the water turbine guide water structure including the detachable wear-resistant ring further includes fasteners, and the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 is detachably connected to the bottom ring 10 through the fasteners. The detachable connection of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 to the bottom ring 10 through the fasteners makes the installation and replacement process of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40 more convenient, without the need to disassemble the entire water turbine, reducing the maintenance cost and maintenance time.

[0044] In this embodiment, the fasteners are made of corrosion-resistant materials and are bolts. A plurality of screw holes 44 are provided on the detachable wear-resistant ring 40, and the bolts are inserted into the screw holes 44.

[0045] Furthermore, threaded holes are provided on the bottom ring 10, and one end of the guide vane support rod 20 is provided with a threaded section, and the threaded section passes through the avoidance hole 43 and is threadedly engaged with the threaded holes. The combined use of the threaded holes on the bottom ring 10 and the threaded section on the guide vane support rod 20 increases the convenience of disassembling and assembling the guide vane support rod 20, facilitating the disassembly and installation of the guide vane support rod 20, thereby facilitating the replacement of the detachable wear-resistant ring 40, improving the operating stability of the water turbine, and reducing the maintenance time and maintenance cost.

[0046] In other embodiments, blind holes are provided on the bottom ring 10, and one end of the guide vane support rod 20 is inserted into the blind hole, and one end of the guide vane support rod 20 is rotatably arranged in the blind hole.

[0047] Furthermore, an anti-wear layer is provided on the surface of the detachable anti-wear ring 40 facing the movable guide vane 30. The provision of the anti-wear layer on the surface of the detachable anti-wear ring 40 further enhances the wear resistance of the detachable anti-wear ring 40, extends the service life of the detachable anti-wear ring 40, reduces the replacement frequency, and lowers the maintenance cost.

[0048] In this embodiment, the anti-wear layer is preferably made of a wear-resistant alloy material or a composite material with high anti-wear properties. The material of the anti-wear layer is preferably a chromium carbide alloy wear-resistant material, a high manganese alloy wear-resistant material, or a chromium carbide composite material.

[0049] In other embodiments, the detachable anti-wear ring 40 is preferably made of a wear-resistant alloy material or a composite material with high anti-wear properties.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, the water turbine guide water structure including the detachable anti-wear ring further includes a fixed guide vane 50 fixedly arranged on the bottom ring 10. The fixed guide vane 50 and the movable guide vane 30 are on the same side of the bottom ring 10, and the movable guide vane 30 is located inside the fixed guide vane 50, and the detachable anti-wear ring 40 is located inside the fixed guide vane 50. The reasonable layout of the fixed guide vane 50 and the movable guide vane 30 ensures the efficient guidance of the water flow, improves the overall operating efficiency of the water turbine, and at the same time, the setting of the detachable anti-wear ring 40 effectively protects the bottom ring 10 and the movable guide vane 30, and extends the service life of the water turbine.

[0051] In this embodiment, the fact that the fixed guide vane 50 and the movable guide vane 30 are on the same side of the bottom ring 10 means that both the fixed guide vane 50 and the movable guide vane 30 are on the upper side of the bottom ring 10.

[0052] Furthermore, the water turbine guide water structure including the detachable anti-wear ring includes a plurality of detachable anti-wear rings 40. The diameters and / or thicknesses between the plurality of detachable anti-wear rings 40 are different, and one of the plurality of detachable anti-wear rings 40 can be selectively arranged between the bottom ring 10 and the movable guide vane 30. The setting of the detachable anti-wear rings 40 with different diameters and different thicknesses can select the most suitable detachable anti-wear ring 40 for installation according to different stages of the water turbine operation and the size specifications of the movable guide vane 30, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the device, and ensuring the efficient operation of the water turbine under various working conditions.

[0053] This application also provides a water turbine, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the water turbine includes a draft tube 70 and a water turbine guide structure communicated with the draft tube 70. The water turbine guide structure is the above-mentioned water turbine guide structure with a detachable wear ring. Since the above-mentioned water turbine guide structure can solve the problem that the bottom ring 10 in the related technology is worn, resulting in the performance degradation of the water turbine, the water turbine with this water turbine guide structure can solve the same technical problem. In this way, through the connection design of the draft tube 70 and the water turbine guide structure, the overall performance of the water turbine is more excellent. It not only improves the energy conversion efficiency, but also reduces the wear of the bottom ring 10, extends the maintenance cycle of the water turbine, and reduces the operation cost.

[0054] In this embodiment, the water turbine further includes a stay ring 61, and the stay ring 61 is located above the movable guide vane 30. The water flow first passes through the detachable wear ring 40, and then enters the cavity between the bottom ring 10 and the stay ring 61. The movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10 are the core components to ensure the efficient operation of the water turbine, and their main function is to recover the kinetic energy of the water flow and ensure the stable flow in the draft tube 70. The water turbine further includes a support member 62 supported below the bottom ring 10.

[0055] The inventor found that before the water flow passes through the movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10, in order to adapt to the shape between the stay ring 61, the movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10, the water flow will accelerate, and the high-speed water flow carries sand to impact the upper ends of the movable guide vane 30 and the bottom ring 10, accelerating the erosion of the tail of the movable guide vane 30 and the upper end and the inner side of the bottom ring 10. In this embodiment, by installing an independent detachable wear ring 40, it can replace the upper end and the inner side of the bottom ring 10 to bear the impact erosion of the high-speed water flow, ensuring the safety of the main structure of the water turbine.

[0056] In this embodiment, the water turbine further includes a drain cone arranged at the top of the movable guide vane 30, and the drain cone is an integrally formed part. The setting of the detachable wear ring 40 can avoid the cavitation phenomenon in the cavity of the drain cone.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the high-speed water flow impacts the detachable wear ring 40, it may continuously cause erosion on the surface and the inner side of the detachable wear ring 40. When the erosion volume on the detachable wear ring 40 reaches a certain degree, the detachable wear ring 40 needs to be replaced. When replacing the detachable wear ring 40, the detachable wear ring 40 can be disassembled and replaced by disassembling the fasteners, without the need to replace the bottom ring 10 again, reducing the maintenance cost and the maintenance difficulty.

[0058] In summary, through the above improvements, the water turbine guide structure with a detachable wear ring in this embodiment effectively improves the operation efficiency of the water turbine, extends the service life of the equipment, reduces the maintenance cost, and provides a more economical and environmentally friendly operation plan for the hydropower station.

[0059] In this embodiment, the water turbine is preferably a Francis turbine, which is a type of water turbine capable of adapting to different water flow conditions.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0061] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "over...", "on the upper surface of...", "above" can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature shown in the figure and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure of the device. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientations of "above..." and "below...". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding explanations are made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0062] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first", "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-conducting structure for a water turbine with a detachable anti-wear ring, characterized in that: include: Bottom ring (10); A guide vane support rod (20) is detachably arranged on the bottom ring (10); A movable guide vane (30) is arranged on the guide vane support rod (20), and the movable guide vane (30) can swing relative to the bottom ring (10); A detachable anti-wear ring (40) is covered on the surface of the bottom ring (10) facing the movable guide vane (30), the detachable anti-wear ring (40) is detachably connected to the bottom ring (10), and an avoidance hole (43) for avoiding the guide vane support rod (20) is provided on the detachable anti-wear ring (40).

2. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable anti-wear ring (40) comprises an annular plate (41) and an annular protrusion (42) arranged on a surface of the annular plate (41) facing the movable guide vane (30), and an inner hole of the annular plate (41) is located in an inner hole of the annular protrusion (42).

3. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The avoidance hole (43) is arranged on the annular plate (41), and the annular protrusion (42) is located between the outer contour of the annular plate (41) and the outer side of the avoidance hole (43).

4. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: A contact protrusion is provided on the surface of the annular plate (41) facing the movable guide vane (30), and the avoidance hole (43) is provided on the contact protrusion.

5. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water turbine water guide structure including a detachable anti-wear ring also includes a fastener, and the detachable anti-wear ring (40) is detachably connected to the bottom ring (10) via the fastener.

6. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ring (10) is provided with a threaded hole, and one end of the guide vane support rod (20) is provided with a threaded section, which passes through the avoidance hole (43) and is threadably matched with the threaded hole.

7. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-wear layer is provided on the surface of the detachable anti-wear ring (40) facing the movable guide vane (30).

8. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water turbine water guide structure including a detachable anti-wear ring further comprises a fixed guide vane (50) fixedly arranged on the bottom ring (10); the fixed guide vane (50) and the movable guide vane (30) are located on the same side of the bottom ring (10); the movable guide vane (30) is located on the inner side of the fixed guide vane (50); and the detachable anti-wear ring (40) is located on the inner side of the fixed guide vane (50).

9. The water turbine water guide structure with a detachable anti-wear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water turbine water guide structure containing detachable anti-wear rings comprises a plurality of detachable anti-wear rings (40), wherein the diameters and / or thicknesses of the plurality of detachable anti-wear rings (40) are different, and one of the plurality of detachable anti-wear rings (40) is selectively arranged between the bottom ring (10) and the movable guide vane (30).

10. A water turbine, comprising a tailwater pipe (70) and a water turbine water guide structure connected to the tailwater pipe (70), characterized in that: The water turbine water guide structure is a water turbine water guide structure comprising a detachable anti-wear ring as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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