Battlefield vehicle protection device capable of resisting attack of unmanned aerial vehicle and manufacturing method of battlefield vehicle protection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battlefield vehicle protection, and discloses a battlefield vehicle protection device capable of resisting attack of an unmanned aerial vehicle and a manufacturing method of the battlefield vehicle protection device. The protective layer plate sequentially comprises a camouflage coating, a top bullet shielding layer, a middle energy absorption core layer and a bottom anti-collapse layer from outside to inside, and the camouflage coating is used for camouflage; the top bullet shielding layer is used for absorbing radar waves to stealth and resisting armor penetrating bullets; the middle energy absorption core layer is used for reducing explosive shock waves to achieve anti-explosion energy consumption and interference jet flow. And the bottom anti-seismic collapse layer is used for preventing the middle energy-absorbing core layer from collapsing under the explosive load and holding concrete blasting fragments. According to the protection device provided by the invention, through a laminate structure formed by combining the top bullet shielding layer, the middle energy absorption core layer and the bottom anti-collapse layer, the anti-penetration performance is greatly improved, and the protection device has a relatively strong protection function on battlefield vehicles such as tanks and armored cars which are resistant to radar stealth and attack of small unmanned aerial vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battlefield vehicle protection, and particularly to a battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In traditional wars, heavy armors and powerful firepowers of tanks, armored vehicles, etc. have always been the core forces in ground combat. However, with the birth of drone technology, it brings huge threats to such heavy equipment. There are obvious differences between drones and traditional anti-tank missiles. The attack trajectory of drones carrying explosives or small warheads is a top-down attack from above, while the top armors of tanks and armored vehicles are relatively weak, and this weak point is extremely easy to become the target of enemy attacks.

[0003] Currently, for drone attacks, mainly protective fences or corrugated composite armor plates are installed on the weak parts such as the tops of tanks and armored vehicles. As Figure 1 shown, this method can intercept drones before they reach the armored vehicle, so that there is a certain distance between the explosion position of the drone and the weak part, thereby reducing the explosion damage. Although the method of installing protective fences or canopies can play a simple protective role for armored vehicles, there are the following defects:

[0004] (1) The installation of metal gratings / corrugated composite armor plates will increase the reflection area of tanks and armored vehicles, which will make them more easily detected by enemy radars or infrared detectors, thus exposing them to higher risks.

[0005] (2) Due to the intervals of the protective fences themselves, the explosion shock waves, fragments, etc. generated by the shaped charges carried by small and medium-sized drones can easily pass through the protective fences, causing damage to the weak parts of the armored vehicle, the vehicle commander (who commands all crew members and operates the roof-mounted heavy machine gun and observes), etc.

[0006] (3) Shaped charges (generally tandem shaped charge warheads, with the front-stage metal jet opening holes and the rear-stage detonating the explosive charge inside to generate detonation products) often use a direct impact method to initiate detonation. When the shaped charge is stuck by the grating, the warhead cannot be detonated, but when it directly hits the steel bars forming the grating, it can be normally detonated, and it still has great destructive power against light armored vehicles such as infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers.

[0007] (4) Since the metal grating / corrugated composite armor plate is a whole steel structure and is difficult to destroy, it brings great inconvenience to the crew members when they need to evacuate urgently and enter or exit the tank or armored vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome or alleviate one or more of the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks and a manufacturing method thereof. The protection device has the protection functions for battlefield vehicles such as tanks and armored vehicles with anti-radar stealth and anti-small drone attack capabilities.

[0009] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks, which includes a protection layer board and a support assembly for supporting the protection layer board at the bottom. The protection layer board sequentially includes a camouflage coating, a top anti-projectile layer, an intermediate energy-absorbing core layer, and a bottom anti-collapse layer from outside to inside. The camouflage coating is used for camouflage; the top anti-projectile layer is used for absorbing radar waves for stealth and resisting armor-piercing projectiles; the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer is used for reducing explosion shock waves to achieve anti-explosion energy consumption and interfering with jets; the bottom anti-collapse layer is used to prevent the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer from collapsing under explosion loads and holding the fragments of the explosion.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the thickness of the top anti-projectile layer is not greater than 15 mm, and the preparation material is ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material with a strength grade of at least RPC150, the volume fraction of steel fibers is not less than 2%, and a 1 mm high-strength steel mesh is configured with a wire mesh spacing of not greater than 30 mm × 30 mm.

[0012] According to some embodiments, the components of the ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material are cement, quartz sand with a particle size of 26 - 70 mesh, quartz powder with a particle size of 325 mesh, active silica fume, class I fly ash, closed-cell perlite with a particle size of 0.5 - 1.5 mm, Fe3O4 with a particle size of 10 - 50 nm, high-range water reducer, and water, and the mass ratio is 0.8:1.35:0.25:0.3:0.1:0.2:0.18:0.05:0.22, and fine steel fibers with a length-to-diameter ratio of not less than 65 and a volume fraction of 2% are added.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the thickness of the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer is not greater than 15 mm, and the preparation material is lightweight rubber foam concrete with a density not exceeding 150 kg / m 3 , 10% - 50% of rubber particles are added, the particle size of the rubber particles is in the range of 8 - 28 mesh, and the strength of the made rubber foam concrete is 0.2 - 0.5 MPa.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the thickness of the bottom anti-collapse layer is 1 mm - 3 mm, and it is prepared by using anti-explosion polyurea and sprayed on all surfaces except the top surface of the top anti-projectile layer.

[0015] According to some embodiments, the top anti-projectile layer and the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer are connected through interlayer connection, and the interlayer connection is selected from epoxy resin glue, and the positive pull bond strength of the epoxy resin glue is greater than 3 MPa.

[0016] According to some embodiments, the support assembly includes a support structural beam and columns. The support structural beam is in contact with the bottom of the bottom anti-collapse layer, and the columns vertically support the support structural beam.

[0017] According to some embodiments, the protective layer board is in a herringbone shape and slopes to both sides.

[0018] According to some embodiments, the inclination angle of the protective layer board with respect to the horizontal plane is θ, and the range of θ is 8° - 20°.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a manufacturing method of a battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to the above, which includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Manufacturing of the top anti-projectile layer:

[0021] The manufacturing method of the top anti-projectile layer includes the following steps:

[0022] S11. Installing the mold

[0023] Install a steel bottom mold and side molds, and check the installation accuracy of the molds to ensure that the dimensional error is not greater than ±2 mm. Otherwise, the molds need to be reinstalled;

[0024] S12. Binding the steel bar mesh

[0025] Place the cut steel bar mesh at the required middle position;

[0026] S13. Manufacturing and pouring of the ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material

[0027] Configure cement, quartz sand with a particle size of 26 - 70 mesh, quartz powder with a particle size of 325 mesh, active silica fume, Class I fly ash, closed perlite with a particle size of 0.5 - 1.5 mm, Fe3O4 with a particle size of 10 - 50 nm, high-range water reducing agent, and water according to the mass ratio of 0.8:1.35:0.25:0.3:0.1:0.2:0.18:0.05:0.22, and add micro steel fibers with a volume fraction of 2%; transport the prepared ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material to the site for pouring, and the slump flow of the ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material is not less than 500 mm;

[0028] S14. Static setting

[0029] The environmental temperature during static setting should be above 10°C and the relative humidity should be above 60%, and the static setting time should not be less than 6 h;

[0030] S15. Steam curing

[0031] The heating rate should not be greater than 12 °C / h. After heating to 70 °C, keep it at a constant temperature of 70 °C ± 5 °C for 72 h, or after heating to 90 °C, keep it at a constant temperature of 90 °C ± 5 °C for 48 h until the compressive strength of the specimens cured under the same conditions reaches the design value; then cool it at a rate not exceeding 15 °C / h to a temperature range where the difference between the surface temperature of the component and the ambient temperature is not greater than 20 °C. The relative humidity of the environment during the curing process should be kept above 95%;

[0032] S16 Demold and make the top anti-blast layer;

[0033] S2. Fabrication of the middle energy-absorbing core layer

[0034] The fabrication of the middle energy-absorbing core layer includes the following steps:

[0035] S21 Install the mold

[0036] Install the steel bottom mold and side mold, and check the installation accuracy of the mold to ensure that the dimensional error is not greater than ±2 mm. Otherwise, the mold needs to be reinstalled;

[0037] S22 Prepare the rubber foam concrete

[0038] Inject the foaming material into the concrete and add rubber particles with a mesh size of 8 - 28 meshes accounting for 10% - 50% of the aggregate volume to form the rubber foam concrete;

[0039] S23 Fabricate and pour the slab

[0040] Pour the rubber foam concrete into the mold;

[0041] S24 Cure

[0042] Naturally cure it with moisture retention for at least 28 days;

[0043] S25 Demold and make the middle energy-absorbing core layer;

[0044] S3: Connect the top anti-blast layer and the middle energy-absorbing core layer

[0045] Connect the top anti-blast layer and the middle energy-absorbing core layer into a whole by using an interlayer connection composed of structural adhesive;

[0046] S4: Spray the bottom anti-collapse layer

[0047] Spray polyurea on all surfaces except the top surface of the top anti-blast layer to form the bottom anti-collapse layer;

[0048] S5: Camouflage spraying

[0049] Spray the camouflage material on the top surface of the top anti-blast layer to form the camouflage coating;

[0050] S6: Support assembly

[0051] Welding the supporting structure beam and the steel structure of the column into shape according to design requirements;

[0052] S7: Installation of protective layer

[0053] The protective layer plate is installed on the supporting assembly and fixed with bolts.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] (1) Excellent anti-penetration performance: The top bullet-proof layer, the middle energy-absorbing core layer and the bottom anti-seismic collapse layer are combined to form a laminate structure, which greatly improves the anti-penetration performance. Furthermore, the top bullet-proof layer is made of ultra-high-performance cement-based wave-absorbing materials and is equipped with high-strength steel wires with a thickness of no more than 15 mm. The top bullet-proof layer can resist direct hits by RPG armor-piercing shells and has a high probability of ricocheting and exploding in the air. The top bullet-proof layer will not have obvious explosion craters and shock collapse. The bullet-proof layer formed by the ultra-high-strength material of the top bullet-proof layer can resist the penetration of armor-piercing shells, thereby detonating the jet and the explosion of explosives such as octokin inside in advance, forming metal jet perforation, detonation and destruction in the top bullet-proof layer.

[0056] (2) Excellent explosion resistance: Experiments show that the 15mm thick top bullet-proof layer and the 15mm thick middle energy-absorbing core layer can resist the contact explosion of RPG armor-piercing shells. The overpressure peak on the back of the middle energy-absorbing core layer does not exceed 0.03MPa, ensuring that the explosion shock wave will not cause secondary damage to personnel. The explosion shock wave is buffered by the middle energy-absorbing core layer, reducing the shock wave overpressure value, thereby protecting the protected tanks, armor, personnel, etc.

[0057] (3) Excellent anti-seismic collapse performance: Since the bottom anti-seismic collapse layer is made of large deformation material, the explosion shock wave will not cause fragments to cause secondary damage on the back of the middle energy-absorbing core layer; its material is 2mm thick polyurea, which can resist the collapse of foam concrete under the explosion load and hold the concrete fragments to prevent the fragments from splashing and causing secondary damage to personnel and equipment.

[0058] (4) Certain anti-jet function: 10-50% of rubber particles are added to the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3 to form a rubber anti-jet layer. When the rubber explodes (or vaporizes), it interferes with the jet, thereby reducing the penetration ability of the jet. In addition, the protective plate is at a certain distance from the tank armor. When the projectile hits the top bullet-shielding layer 2, the jet will be stimulated. Since the jet attack distance is extended, the safety of vehicles such as tanks and armored vehicles is better protected.

[0059] (5) Good camouflage effect: Good camouflage and radar invisibility interfere with enemy reconnaissance and identification, reducing the probability of battlefield tanks and armor being discovered by the enemy. This is the key to ensuring the continuity of military operations during wartime and improving combat capabilities. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0060] Figure 1 The figure shows the schematic diagram of adding protective fences to the weak parts on the top of existing tanks, armored vehicles, etc. provided for the background technology of this invention application.

[0061] Figure 2 The figure shows the overall schematic diagram of the battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0062] Figure 3 The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the protective layer board provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0063] Figure 4 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the support assembly provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0064] Figure 5 The figure shows the finite element model of the top bullet-proof layer against RPG fragment attack provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0065] Figure 6 The figure shows the simulation result diagrams of the target damage under working conditions I, II, III, and IV provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0066] Figure 7 The figure shows the simulation result diagram of the projectile displacement under working condition I provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0067] Figure 8 The figure shows the simulation result diagram of the projectile displacement under working condition II provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0068] Figure 9 The figure shows the simulation result diagram of the projectile displacement under working condition III provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0069] Figure 10 The figure shows the simulation result diagram of the projectile displacement under working condition IV provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0070] Figure 11 The figure shows the finite element model of the protective layer board against contact explosion of the RPG charge equivalent explosive column provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0071] Figure 12 The figure shows the simulation blasting result diagram provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0072] Figure 13 The figure shows the example result diagram of the contact explosion provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0073] Figure 14 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the HEAT armor-piercing projectile provided for the embodiments of this invention.

[0074] In the figures:

[0075] 1 - Camouflage coating; 2 - Top anti - projectile layer; 3 - Middle energy - absorbing core layer; 4 - Bottom anti - collapse layer; 5 - Interlayer connection; 6 - Support structural beam, 7 - Column. Detailed implementation mode

[0076] In view of the fact that in the current battlefield environment, when unmanned hostile tanks, armored vehicles and other mobile vehicle equipment are attacked, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) directly carry explosives or armor - piercing warheads, etc. to directly attack high - value targets such as armored vehicles and tanks in the battlefield, causing damage and having a greater impact on the war situation. Therefore, in response to the attack of UAVs in the modern battlefield environment, a battlefield vehicle protection device against UAV attacks is proposed. It is an assembled structure, convenient for installation and disassembly, with a weight not exceeding 40 kg / m². This protection device has the function of resisting the penetration and explosion of small warheads carried by UAVs, and can reduce the degree of secondary injury to personnel caused by explosion shock waves and fragments. It is mainly equipped on the weak parts of the tops of armored vehicles, tanks and combat vehicles, which is of crucial significance for ensuring the survival ability of ground weapon equipment in the battlefield and the exertion of combat effectiveness.

[0077] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. However, it should be understood that the embodiments and the drawings are only used for exemplary description of the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. All reasonable transformations and combinations within the scope of the inventive concept of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0078] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0079] Embodiment 1

[0080] This embodiment provides a battlefield vehicle protection device against UAV attacks, hereinafter referred to as the protection device. This protection device has the function of resisting the penetration and explosion of small warheads carried by UAVs, and is mainly equipped on the weak parts of the tops of armored vehicles, tanks and combat vehicles to resist the direct hit of small warheads carried by UAVs. And this protection plate is an assembled structure, convenient for installation and disassembly, with a weight not exceeding 40 kg / m², which is of crucial significance for ensuring the survival ability of ground weapon equipment in the battlefield and the exertion of combat effectiveness.

[0081] As Figures 2 - 4, the protective device includes a protective layer board and a support assembly located below the protective layer board. The protective layer board is in a herringbone shape, inclined to both sides, with an inclination angle θ to the horizontal plane. The protective layer board is a layered structure, which from top to bottom are a camouflage coating 1, a top bullet-proof layer 2, an intermediate energy-absorbing core layer 3, and a bottom anti-collapse layer 4. The camouflage coating 1 is used for camouflage; the top bullet-proof layer 2 is used to absorb radar waves for stealth and resist direct hits such as RPG armor-piercing projectiles (RPG is a general term for armor-piercing projectiles, which are divided into anti-armor ammunition armor-piercing projectiles HEAT, fragmentation grenades, and small thermobaric bombs according to their ammunition, among which HEAT is the most widely used); the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer 3 is used to reduce the explosion shock wave to achieve anti-explosion energy consumption and interfere with the jet to achieve a certain anti-jet function; the bottom anti-collapse layer 4 is used to prevent the foamed concrete from collapsing under the explosion load and hold the concrete fragments to prevent the fragments from splashing and causing secondary injuries to personnel and equipment. The interlayer connection 5 is structural glue, and the top bullet-proof layer 2 and the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer 3 are tightly connected through the structural glue. The support assembly includes a support structural beam 6 that fits with the bottom anti-collapse layer 4, and the support structural beam 6 is supported by columns 7 on both sides.

[0082] Its main technical requirements are as follows:

[0083] (1) Camouflage coating 1: Coated on the surface of the top anti-explosion layer 2, with the same color as the exterior camouflage of armored vehicles, tanks, and combat vehicles, and the thickness is not greater than 0.5mm.

[0084] (2) Top bullet-proof layer 2: Its structural thickness does not exceed 15mm, the material is ultra-high performance cement-based absorbing material, the strength grade is RPC150, the volume fraction of steel fiber is not less than 2%, and a 1mm high-strength steel wire mesh is configured, and the wire mesh spacing is not greater than 30mm×30mm. In order to achieve better results, the ultra-high performance cement-based absorbing material adds absorbing components to ordinary ultra-high performance concrete: ① The volume fraction of steel fibers with a diameter of 0.2mm and a length-diameter ratio of not less than 65 is 2%; ② 20% of the cement dosage is replaced by closed-cell perlite with a particle size of 0.5 - 1.5mm; ③ The mass fraction of 10 - 50nm grade Fe3O4 powder is 5%. After adding these three absorbing components, the absorption value is greater than 10dB on the premise of keeping the compressive strength of the concrete unchanged.

[0085] (3) Intermediate energy-absorbing core layer 3: Its structural thickness does not exceed 15mm, the material is lightweight rubber foamed concrete (density does not exceed 150kg / m 3 ), 10% - 50% of rubber particles are added (replacing coarse aggregate by equal volume), the particle size of the rubber particles is in the range of 8 - 28 mesh, and the strength of the rubber foamed concrete is 0.2 - 0.5MPa.

[0086] (4) Bottom anti-collapse layer 4: Prepared with 1mm - 3mm thick anti-explosion polyurea, sprayed on all surfaces except the top of the top bullet-proof layer 2 to form the bottom anti-collapse layer 4.

[0087] (5) Interlayer connection 5: The top bullet-proof layer 2 and the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3 are connected by epoxy resin glue to form an integral structure. The performance indicators of the epoxy resin glue are: colorless, compressive strength not less than 50 MPa in 24 h, positive tensile bond strength greater than 3 MPa, bondable time 30 min - 60 min, and heat distortion temperature not less than 60 °C.

[0088] (6) Support structure beam 6 and column 7: Both are made of steel. The support structure beam 6 makes the top anti-explosion layer 2 and the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3 form an integral structure and transmits the explosion impact load to the body of a tank or armored vehicle, etc. The column 7 transmits the explosion impact load to the body of a tank or armored vehicle, etc.

[0089] (7) Angle θ of the protective layer plate: Set the angle θ of the protective layer plate to 8° - 20° to achieve a better ricochet effect during drone attacks.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] This example provides a manufacturing method of the battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks provided in Example 1, including the following steps:

[0092] S1. Fabrication of the top bullet-proof layer

[0093] The top bullet-proof layer 2 is made of ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material, and the manufacturing method is as follows:

[0094] (1) Installation of the mold

[0095] Install the steel bottom mold and side mold, and check the installation accuracy of the mold to ensure that the dimensional error is not greater than ±2 mm. Otherwise, the mold needs to be reinstalled.

[0096] (2) Binding of the steel mesh

[0097] Place the cut steel mesh at the required middle position as required.

[0098] (3) Fabrication and pouring of ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material

[0099] Mix cement, quartz sand with a particle size of 26 - 70 mesh, quartz powder with a particle size of 325 mesh, reactive silica fume, Class I fly ash, closed-cell perlite with a particle size of 0.5 - 1.5 mm, and Fe with a particle size of 10 - 50 nm 3 O 4, a high-range water reducer and water are configured according to the mass ratio of 0.8:1.35:0.25:0.3:0.1:0.2:0.18:0.05:0.22, and fine steel fibers with a length-diameter ratio of not less than 65 and a volume dosage of 2% are added. After the ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material is stirred well, it is transported to the site for pouring. The slump flow of the ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing material is not less than 500 mm, so self-leveling and compaction can be achieved, and thus vibration is not required during the pouring process.

[0100] (4) Static curing

[0101] The environmental temperature during static curing should be above 10 °C and the relative humidity should be above 60%. The static curing time should not be less than 6 h.

[0102] (5) Steam curing

[0103] The heating rate should not be greater than 12 °C / h. After heating to 70 °C, keep the temperature constant (70 °C ± 5 °C) for 72 h, or after heating to 90 °C, keep the temperature constant (90 °C ± 5 °C) for 48 h until the compressive strength of the specimens cured under the same conditions reaches the design value. Then, cool down at a rate not exceeding 15 °C / h to a temperature range where the difference between the surface temperature of the component and the environmental temperature is not greater than 20 °C. The relative humidity of the environment during the curing process should be kept above 95%.

[0104] (6) Form removal

[0105] S2. Fabrication of the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3:

[0106] (1) Installation of the mold

[0107] Install the steel bottom mold and side molds, and check the installation accuracy of the molds to ensure that the dimensional error is not greater than ±2 mm. Otherwise, the molds need to be reinstalled;

[0108] (2) Preparation of rubber foam concrete

[0109] Inject the foaming material into the concrete and add rubber particles with a size of 8 - 28 mesh accounting for 10% - 50% of the aggregate volume to form rubber foam concrete;

[0110] (3) Fabrication and pouring of the slab

[0111] Pour the rubber foam concrete into the mold

[0112] (4) Curing

[0113] Cure naturally with moisture for 28 days;

[0114] (5) Remove the mold to fabricate the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3.

[0115] S3: Connection between the top bulletproof layer 2 and the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3

[0116] The top anti - penetration layer 2 and the middle energy - absorbing core layer 3 are connected into a whole by an interlayer connection 5 composed of structural adhesive

[0117] S4: Spraying the bottom anti - collapse layer 4

[0118] Spray the bottom anti - collapse layer 4 composed of polyurea onto all surfaces except the top surface of the top anti - penetration layer 2;

[0119] S5: Camouflage spraying

[0120] Spray the camouflage material onto the top surface of the top anti - penetration layer 2 to form a camouflage coating 1;

[0121] S6: Support assembly

[0122] Weld the support structural beam 6 and the steel structure of the column 7 into a shape according to the design requirements, and install them on the top of the battlefield mobile vehicle.

[0123] S7: Installation of the protective layer board

[0124] Install the protective layer board on the support assembly and fix it with bolts.

[0125] Embodiment 3

[0126] This embodiment provides a simulation analysis and comparison of multiple cases of the battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks provided in Embodiment 1. The attack sequence of the RPG: The RPG hits the target and detonates. The high temperature generated by the detonation melts the copper cover to generate a metal jet, and at the same time generates shock waves and fragments. The general shaped charge used is a tandem shaped charge warhead HEAT. The front - stage metal jet makes an opening, and the rear - stage detonates the explosive products (fragments and explosion shock waves) generated by the explosion of the explosive inside it. The working principle of the protective plate is as follows:

[0127] 1. The anti - penetration layer formed by the ultra - high - strength material of the top anti - penetration layer 2 resists the penetration of the shaped charge, thereby detonating the jet and the explosion of explosives such as octogen inside in advance, forming metal jet perforations, detonations and damages in the top anti - penetration layer 2;

[0128] 2. The explosion shock wave is buffered by the middle energy - absorbing core layer 3 to reduce the shock wave overpressure value, thereby protecting the protected tanks, armors, personnel, etc.;

[0129] 3. Since the bottom anti - collapse layer 4 is a large - deformation material, the explosion shock wave will not cause secondary damage to the fragments on the back of the middle energy - absorbing core layer 3;

[0130] 4. Anti-jet: (1) By triggering the jet in advance and extending the jet attack distance, the penetration of armored steel plates such as those on tanks and armored vehicles is reduced; (2) According to the stress wave propagation theory and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, the periodic interaction between the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer 3 and the jet can interfere with the stability of the jet, and the gasification of the rubber particles in the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer 3 will also interfere with the jet, causing the jet to deform and break, thus achieving a certain degree of anti-jet function.

[0131] The anti-fragmentation effect is demonstrated in the following Case 1. The top fragment shield layer 2 in the protective layer board can withstand the damage of RPG fragments to personnel; Case 2 demonstrates the effect of the protective layer board against the contact explosion of RPG charges, and the protective layer board can resist its explosion shock wave; in Case 3, the effect of the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer 3 in the protective layer board against RPG jets is analyzed, and the protective layer board has a certain anti-jet function.

[0132] Taking the HEAT armor-piercing projectile carried by a certain cross-region unmanned aerial vehicle as an example, as Figure 14 , HEAT armor-piercing projectile (δ1 = 0.7mm, δ2 = 0.7mm, δ3 = 2.0mm, δ4 = 1.0mm, β1 = 14°, β2 = 14°, β13 = 30°), HEAT hollow charge armor-piercing projectile, carrying 730 grams of HMX explosive (equivalent to about 1100g TNT). According to the report in Document 1, the diameter of the fragments generated after the explosion of the HEAT armor-piercing projectile is 2 - 5mm, and their maximum speeds are 4776m / s (diameter 2mm), 2999m / s (diameter 3mm), 2162m / s (diameter 4mm), and 1678m / s (diameter 5mm) respectively. The following simulation analysis is carried out based on this:

[0133] Case 1: Simulation analysis of fragment penetration

[0134] A 1000mm×1000mm×15mm thick top fragment shield layer 2, the fragments are the steel plates broken after the explosion of the RPG projectile, the attack is the fragments hitting the simulated top fragment shield layer 2, and the simulated top fragment shield layer 2 is an RPC150 board. The simulation analysis of the fragments attacking the top fragment shield layer 2 under 4 working conditions is calculated:

[0135] (1) Working condition 1: Steel plate with a diameter of 2mm and a thickness of 1mm, impact velocity on the plate is 4776m / s;

[0136] (2) Working condition 2: Steel plate with a diameter of 3mm and a thickness of 1mm, impact velocity on the plate is 2999m / s;

[0137] (3) Working condition 3: Steel plate with a diameter of 4mm and a thickness of 1mm, impact velocity on the plate is 2162m / s;

[0138] (4) Working condition 4: Steel plate with a diameter of 5mm and a thickness of 1mm, impact velocity on the plate is 1678m / s;

[0139] The armor-piercing projectile steel plate is aluminum alloy 2024-T3 (density: 2780 kg / m3, yield strength: 270 MPa, ultimate strength 420 MPa, elongation after fracture 10-15%; elastic modulus 71 GPa, shear strength 290 MPa). Figure 5 It is the finite element model of the RPG fragment attacking the top projectile protection layer 2 provided.

[0140] The simulation analysis results are as follows:

[0141] (1) Target damage, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0142] (2) Projectile displacement, such as Figures 7 - 10 shown.

[0143] From the above numerical simulation results, it can be seen that the penetration depths of the fragments under the four working conditions are 3.29 mm, 4.35 mm, 6.22 mm, and 7.88 mm respectively, and the 15-mm-thick 2-top projectile protection layer 2 completely resists the fragment attack.

[0144] Case 2: Explosion shock wave analysis

[0145] (1) Contact explosion simulation analysis

[0146] The finite element model of the RPG equivalent explosive column contacting the protective layer plate is as shown in Figure 11 . The specifications of the protective layer plate for simulation analysis are 1000 mm × 1000 mm × 32 mm (the top bulletproof layer is 15 mm RPC150; the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3 is 15 mm foamed concrete, and the bottom anti-collapse layer 4 is 2 mm polyurea), and 1100 g of TNT is in contact explosion (the diameter of the explosive column is 80 mm, the length is 135 mm, and the explosion distance from the center of the explosive column to the plate is 135 / 2 mm). The explosion simulation results are as shown in Figure 12 shown, where Figure 12 .a is the simulation result of the UHPC top, Figure 12 .b is the simulation result of the polyurea bottom.

[0147] From the above numerical simulation results, it can be seen that for this type of protective layer plate, under the action of the HEAT contact explosion of the armor-piercing projectile, a crater with a diameter of 18.8 mm appears on the explosion-facing surface of the top projectile protection layer 2, and a bulging shape is formed at the bottom of the back anti-collapse layer 4, but it still remains intact, which is consistent with the state of the polyurea in the experiment of Document 2.

[0148] (2) Contact explosion test

[0149] At the same time, a 2-kg TNT contact explosion test on ultra-high performance cement-based wave-absorbing materials was carried out, as shown in Figure 13 shown, Figure 13In the left middle figure, there are the component and 2 kg of TNT before the test, and in the right figure, there is the damage effect after the explosion. It can be seen from the figure that under the contact explosion of 2 kg of TNT, the depth of the explosion pit on the blast-facing surface is 26 mm. According to the equivalent principle (the depth of the explosion pit is proportional to the cube root of the charge amount), the depth of the contact explosion of 1 kg of TNT is 20.6 mm, which is less than the total thickness of the protective plate structure.

[0150] References for this case:

[0151] 1. Bogdanov, J., Chabane, A. Required capabilities of a high-Explosive Projectile for active protection systems[J]. Scientific Technical Review, 2012, 71(1): 19-24.

[0152] 2. Zhang Rui, Huang Weibao, Lv Ping, etc. Research on the properties of anti-explosion polyurea coatings and the mechanism of contact explosion and fracture protection of reinforced concrete slabs[J]. Engineering Science and Technology, 2022, 54(5): 218-227.

[0153] Case 3: Jet penetration resistance analysis

[0154] According to the research results of 3A. Helte et al., when rubber explodes (or vaporizes), it causes the panel and the rubber back panel to have velocities along the normal direction away from the rubber interlayer, and the rubber plate interferes with the jet, thereby reducing the penetration ability of the jet.

[0155] According to the research results of 4 Zu Xudong et al., the stress wave propagation theory and the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability can well analyze the interference effect of the rubber composite target plate on the jet. When the thickness of the rubber interlayer is 3 - 3.5 mm, it has the best protective performance.

[0156] Based on the above research results, in this application, a composite target structure is formed by the top anti-explosion layer 2 and the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3, and 10 - 50% of rubber particles are added to the middle energy-absorbing core layer 3 to form a rubber jet penetration resistance layer. 10 - 50% of the rubber particles in the 15-mm-thick middle energy-absorbing core layer 3 can be equivalent to a 1-mm - 5-mm-thick pure rubber layer. Overall, the composite structure layer of this application has a certain jet penetration resistance function.

[0157] References for this case:

[0158] 3. Helte A., Liden E. 《The role of Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities on shaped charge jet interaction with reactive armours plates》 Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2010, 77(5).

[0159] 4. Zu Xudong, Huang Zhengxiang, Jia Xin. Theoretical and experimental study on penetration resistance of rubber composite target plates to jets. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2012, 32(4): 376 - 383.

[0160] Example 4

[0161] This example provides the test process of ultra-high performance cement-based microwave absorbing materials. Cement, quartz sand with particle size of 26 - 70 mesh, quartz powder with particle size of 325 mesh, active silica fume, Class I fly ash, closed-cell perlite with particle size of 0.5 - 1.5 mm, Fe 3 O 4 , high-range water reducer, and water are configured according to the mass ratio of 0.8:1.35:0.25:0.3:0.1:0.2:0.18:0.05:0.22 and micro steel fibers with a length-diameter ratio of not less than 65 and a volume fraction of 2% are added. The ultra-high performance cement-based microwave absorbing materials thus prepared are measured by the RCS method in an anechoic chamber, and the measurement frequency is 2 GHz - 18 GHz, covering the S, C, X, and Ku bands. The test results show that:

[0162] (1) Compared with the cube compressive strength of 171.8 MPa of ultra-high performance concrete without perlite and Fe 3 O 4 , the compressive strength of the ultra-high performance cement-based microwave absorbing materials with perlite and Fe 3 O 4 is 168.4 MPa, and the strength is reduced by 1.98%. Both meet the requirements of strength grade RPC150.

[0163] (2) The results of the radar wave reflectivity in the S, C, X, and Ku bands show that the microwave absorption in the full frequency band of 2 - 18 GHz is above 10 dB.

[0164] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks, characterized in that: It comprises a protective layer plate and a supporting component at the bottom for supporting the protective layer plate, wherein the protective layer plate comprises a camouflage coating, a top bullet-proof layer, a middle energy-absorbing core layer and a bottom anti-seismic collapse layer from the outside to the inside, wherein the camouflage coating is used for camouflage; the top bullet-proof layer is used for absorbing radar waves for stealth and resisting armor-piercing projectiles; the middle energy-absorbing core layer is used for reducing explosion shock waves to achieve anti-explosion energy consumption and jet interference; the bottom anti-seismic collapse layer is used for preventing the middle energy-absorbing core layer from collapsing under an explosion load and for holding back explosion fragments.

2. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thickness of the top bullet-proof layer is not more than 15 mm, and the preparation material is an ultra-high performance cement-based absorbing material with a strength grade of at least RPC150, a steel fiber volume content of not less than 2%, and a 1 mm high-strength steel mesh is configured, and the spacing between the steel meshes is not more than 30 mm×30 mm.

3. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The components of the ultra-high performance cement-based absorbing material are cement, 26-70 mesh quartz sand, 325 mesh quartz powder, activated silica fume, Class I fly ash, 0.5-1.5 mm closed perlite, 10-50 nm Fe3O4, high-efficiency water reducer, and water, with a mass ratio of 0.8:1.35:0.25:0.3:0.1:0.2:0.18:0.05:0.22, and a volumetric dosage of 2% of fine steel fiber with an aspect ratio of not less than 65 is added.

4. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the intermediate energy-absorbing core layer is no more than 15 mm, and the material used is lightweight rubber foam concrete with a density of no more than 150 kg / m 3 , add 10%-50% rubber particles, the particle size of the rubber particles is in the range of 8 to 28 meshes, and the strength of the rubber foam concrete produced is 0.2-0.5MPa.

5. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The bottom anti-seismic collapse layer has a thickness of 1 mm to 3 mm, is made of explosion-proof polyurea, and is sprayed on all surfaces except the top surface of the top bullet-proof layer.

6. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 5 is characterized by: The top bullet-proof layer and the middle energy-absorbing core layer are connected by interlayer connection, and the interlayer connection is selected from epoxy resin glue, and the positive tensile bonding strength of the epoxy resin glue is greater than 3MPa.

7. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 6 is characterized by: The support assembly includes a support structure beam and a column. The support structure beam is in contact with the bottom of the bottom earthquake-resistant collapse layer, and the column vertically supports the support structure beam.

8. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 1 is characterized by: The protective layer plate is in a herringbone shape and is inclined toward two sides.

9. The battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inclination angle between the protective layer plate and the horizontal plane is θ, and the range of θ is 8°-20°.

10. A method for manufacturing a battlefield vehicle protection device against drone attacks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Production of top plate bulletproof layer: The manufacturing method of the top bullet-proof layer comprises the following steps: S11 installation mold Install the steel bottom mold and side mold, and check the template installation accuracy to ensure that the dimensional error is no more than ±2mm, otherwise the template needs to be reinstalled; S12 tying steel mesh Place the cut steel mesh in the middle position as required; Production and pouring of S13 ultra-high performance cement-based absorbing material Cement, 26-70 mesh quartz sand, 325 mesh quartz powder, active silica fume, Class I fly ash, 0.5-1.5 mm closed perlite, 10-50 nm Fe3O4, high-efficiency water reducing agent, and water are prepared in a mass ratio of 0.8:1.35:0.25:0.3:0.1:0.2:0.18:0.05:0.22, and fine steel fiber is added in a volumetric dosage of 2%; the ultra-high performance cement-based absorbing material is stirred and transported to the site for pouring, and the collapse expansion of the ultra-high performance cement-based absorbing material is not less than 500 mm; S14 Static Stop The ambient temperature during static operation should be above 10°C and the relative humidity should be above 60%, and the static operation time should not be less than 6 hours; S15 Steam Curing The heating rate should not be greater than 12℃ / h. After heating to 70℃, keep constant temperature at 70℃±5℃ for 72h or after heating to 90℃, keep constant temperature at 90℃±5℃ for 48h until the compressive strength of the specimens cured under the same conditions reaches the design value; then cool down at a rate not exceeding 15℃ / h to a temperature range where the difference between the component surface temperature and the ambient temperature is no more than 20℃. The relative humidity of the environment during the curing process should be kept above 95%; S16 demoulds and makes the top plate bulletproof layer; S2. Production of the middle energy-absorbing core layer The production of the intermediate energy absorbing core layer comprises the following steps: S21 installation mold Install the steel bottom mold and side mold, and check the template installation accuracy to ensure that the dimensional error is no more than ±2mm, otherwise the template needs to be reinstalled; Preparation of S22 rubber foam concrete The foaming material is injected into the concrete, and 10% to 50% of the aggregate volume of 8 to 28 mesh rubber particles are added to form rubber foam concrete; S23 slab fabrication and pouring pouring rubber foam concrete into the formwork; S24 Maintenance Natural moisturizing care for at least 28 days; S25 demoulding to form the middle energy absorbing core layer; S3: The top bulletproof layer is connected to the middle energy-absorbing core layer The top bullet-proof layer and the middle energy-absorbing core layer are connected into a whole by using an interlayer connection composed of structural adhesive; S4: Bottom anti-seismic collapse layer spraying Spraying polyurea onto all surfaces except the top surface of the top bullet-proof layer to form the bottom anti-seismic collapse layer; S5: Camouflage spray Spraying camouflage material onto the top surface of the top bullet-proof layer to form the camouflage coating; S6: Support assembly Welding the supporting structure beam and the steel structure of the column into shape according to design requirements; S7: Installation of protective layer The protective layer plate is installed on the supporting assembly and fixed with bolts.

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