Well control equipment leakage early warning on-line monitoring evaluation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a well control equipment leakage early warning on-line monitoring evaluation method, which belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, carrying out dynamic defect on-line diagnosis evaluation on a blowout preventer, dividing evaluation results into four levels, and judging leakage risks according to the levels; s2, static defect on-line monitoring is conducted on the blowout preventer, and if cracks exist in all positions of static defects of a shell of the blowout preventer according to the on-line monitoring evaluation result, the blowout preventer stops being used; s3, the leakage state of the well control manifold is identified through wall thickness online monitoring, and the leakage risk of the well control manifold is evaluated; and S4, metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer is monitored and identified on line through bolt stress, and the risk of metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer is evaluated. According to the method, online monitoring and evaluation can be accurately carried out in real time by carrying out online diagnosis on the dynamic and static defects of the blowout preventer, so that the use reliability of well control equipment can be effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction, and particularly relates to an online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment. Background Art

[0002] During the exploration and development of oil and gas, leakage incidents may cause environmental pollution and equipment damage. It is particularly important to detect and accurately monitor the leakage of well control equipment at an early stage.

[0003] The blowout preventer is one of the key components in well control equipment. It can effectively control the pressure at the wellhead and prevent leakage incidents. However, due to improper operation, material aging, or external forces, the bolts of the blowout preventer may have excessive or insufficient stress. Excessive stress may cause bolt fracture or blowout preventer failure, while insufficient stress may cause bolt loosening, resulting in a leakage risk. At the same time, buried dynamic defects such as internal cracks and static defects such as surface cracks and corrosion may occur during the operation of the blowout preventer. These defects may lead to a decline in the performance of the blowout preventer and increase the risk of leakage. The wall thickness of the well control manifold is another key parameter that needs to be monitored online. The thinning of the manifold wall thickness may be caused by corrosion, wear, or material defects. If the manifold wall thickness is excessively thinned, there may be a risk of leakage.

[0004] Currently, the monitoring of well control equipment leakage mainly relies on manual monitoring and the detection methods of conventional instruments and equipment. However, this method has some disadvantages. First, manual monitoring requires a large amount of human and material resources and is prone to misjudgment or neglect. Second, conventional instruments and equipment usually require offline analysis and cannot monitor leakage in real time, limiting the efficiency of emergency response.

[0005] Chinese patent document with publication number CN114264333A and publication date April 1, 2022 discloses an automatic monitoring method for well control equipment, which is characterized by including: Obtaining the operation status data of the well control equipment; the well control equipment includes a blowout preventer, a blowout preventer control system, a choke and kill manifold, a choke and kill manifold control system, a diverter, and a diverter control system, and the operation status data includes the status data of the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer control system, the status data of the choke and kill manifold and the choke and kill manifold control system, and the status data of the diverter and the diverter control system; Performing status analysis based on the operation status data to obtain a fault determination result, and displaying the fault determination result; When the fault determination result is that the well control equipment has a fault, processing the operation status data to obtain the corresponding fault type, and generating a corresponding fault handling strategy according to the fault type; Display the fault type and the fault handling strategy.

[0006] The well control equipment automatic monitoring method disclosed in this patent document realizes real-time monitoring of well control equipment by collecting the operation status data of well control equipment and performing real-time monitoring and analysis on the operation status data. However, accurate on-line monitoring and evaluation cannot be carried out, and the reliability of the use of well control equipment cannot be effectively guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an on-line monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment. By performing on-line diagnosis of dynamic and static defects on the blowout preventer, the present invention can perform on-line monitoring and evaluation in real time and accurately, thereby effectively guaranteeing the reliability of the use of well control equipment.

[0008] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: An on-line monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Perform on-line diagnosis and evaluation of dynamic defects on the blowout preventer. The evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the levels; S2. Perform on-line monitoring of static defects on the blowout preventer. If cracks exist in the on-line monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it; S3. Adopt on-line wall thickness monitoring to identify the leakage state of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; S4. Adopt on-line bolt stress monitoring to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer.

[0009] In the step S1, performing on-line diagnosis of dynamic defects on the blowout preventer means adopting acoustic emission and phased array on-line monitoring to identify the safe operation state of the blowout preventer housing.

[0010] In the step S1, the evaluation results are divided into four levels, and judging the leakage risk according to the levels specifically means that the evaluation results are divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D. If the evaluation result is A or B or C level, there is no risk of leakage, and the blowout preventer can continue to be used. If the evaluation result is D level, there is a risk of leakage, stop using the blowout preventer, and replace the blowout preventer.

[0011] In the step S3, adopting on-line wall thickness monitoring to identify means adopting multi-channel on-line wall thickness monitoring and integrating and fusing the information from different data sources.

[0012] In the step S3, evaluating the leakage risk of the well control manifold means comparing the wall thickness values at the key position points in different regions of the well control manifold with the wall thickness critical values of the well control manifold in different regions to judge the leakage risk.

[0013] The determination of leakage risk means that when the wall thickness values at the key position points in different areas of the well control manifold are less than the wall thickness critical values of the well control manifold in different areas, there is a risk of leakage in the well control manifold; otherwise, there is no risk of leakage in the well control manifold.

[0014] The wall thickness values at the key position points in different areas of the well control manifold are obtained by wall thickness monitoring sensors.

[0015] In step S4, the online monitoring and identification of bolt stress refers to collecting the axial pre-tightening force of the connecting bolts of the blowout preventer and inversely calculating the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer.

[0016] In step S4, the evaluation of the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer means comparing the ratio of the number of warning bolts in the blowout preventer to the number of bolts in each group of the blowout preventer with the warning value of the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer to judge the risk.

[0017] The determination of risk means that when the warning value of the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer is less than the ratio of the number of warning bolts in the blowout preventer to the number of bolts in each group of the blowout preventer, there is no risk of leakage; otherwise, there is a risk of leakage.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. In the present invention, in S1, dynamic defect online diagnosis and evaluation are carried out on the blowout preventer, and the evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the level; in S2, static defect online monitoring is carried out on the blowout preventer, and if there are cracks in the online monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defect of the blowout preventer housing, it shall be stopped from being used; in S3, wall thickness online monitoring is used to identify the leakage state of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; in S4, bolt stress online monitoring is used to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer. Compared with the prior art, through the dynamic and static defect online diagnosis of the blowout preventer, online monitoring and evaluation can be carried out in real time and accurately, so as to effectively ensure the use reliability of the well control equipment.

[0019] 2. In the present invention, in step S3, the online monitoring and identification by wall thickness means using multi-channel online wall thickness monitoring to integrate and fuse the information from different data sources, which can improve the detection accuracy of leakage events of well control equipment and reduce the false alarm rate.

[0020] 3. In the present invention, the monitoring of the blowout preventer and the well control manifold is both online monitoring, realizing the real-time monitoring of the leakage situation of the well control equipment and greatly shortening the response time.

[0021] 4. In the present invention, through real-time online monitoring and evaluation, it helps to improve the safety and reliability of well control equipment and reduce the impact of leakage events on the environment.

[0022] 5. The present invention has a simple online monitoring and evaluation process, featuring high sensitivity, stability, reliability, and simplicity of operation, and is suitable for effective application in complex working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further specifically described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specification and specific embodiments: Figure 1 It is a flow block diagram of the present invention. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0024] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figure 1 , an online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Conduct online diagnosis and evaluation of dynamic defects of the blowout preventer. The evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the levels; S2. Conduct online monitoring of static defects of the blowout preventer. If cracks exist in the online monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it; S3. Use wall thickness online monitoring to identify the leakage status of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; S4. Use bolt stress online monitoring to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer.

[0025] This embodiment is the most basic implementation mode. S1. Conduct online diagnosis and evaluation of dynamic defects of the blowout preventer. The evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the levels; S2. Conduct online monitoring of static defects of the blowout preventer. If cracks exist in the online monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it; S3. Use wall thickness online monitoring to identify the leakage status of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; S4. Use bolt stress online monitoring to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer. Compared with the prior art, through online diagnosis of dynamic and static defects of the blowout preventer, online monitoring and evaluation can be carried out in real time and accurately, thereby effectively ensuring the use reliability of the well control equipment.

[0026] Embodiment 2 Refer to Figure 1 , an online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Conduct online diagnosis and evaluation of dynamic defects of the blowout preventer. The evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the levels; S2. Conduct online monitoring of static defects of the blowout preventer. If cracks exist in the online monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it; S3. Use wall thickness online monitoring to identify the leakage status of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; S4. Use on-line bolt stress monitoring to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer.

[0027] Preferably, in the step S1, the on-line dynamic defect diagnosis of the blowout preventer means using acoustic emission and phased array on-line monitoring to identify the safe operation state of the blowout preventer housing.

[0028] In the step S1, the evaluation result is divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the level. Specifically, it means that the evaluation result is divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D. If the evaluation result is A or B or C level, there is no risk of leakage, and the blowout preventer can continue to be used. If the evaluation result is D level, there is a risk of leakage, the use of the blowout preventer should be stopped, and the blowout preventer should be replaced.

[0029] In the step S3, the on-line wall thickness monitoring and identification means using multi-channel on-line wall thickness monitoring to integrate and fuse the information from different data sources.

[0030] This embodiment is a preferred embodiment. In the step S3, the on-line wall thickness monitoring and identification means using multi-channel on-line wall thickness monitoring to integrate and fuse the information from different data sources, which can improve the detection accuracy of the leakage event of the well control equipment and reduce the false alarm rate.

[0031] Embodiment 3 See Figure 1 , a method for on-line monitoring and evaluation of leakage warning of well control equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Conduct on-line dynamic defect diagnosis and evaluation of the blowout preventer. The evaluation result is divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the level; S2. Conduct on-line static defect monitoring of the blowout preventer. If cracks exist in the on-line monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it; S3. Use on-line wall thickness monitoring to identify the leakage state of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; S4. Use on-line bolt stress monitoring to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer.

[0032] In the step S1, the on-line dynamic defect diagnosis of the blowout preventer means using acoustic emission and phased array on-line monitoring to identify the safe operation state of the blowout preventer housing.

[0033] In the step S1, the evaluation result is divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the level. Specifically, it means that the evaluation result is divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D. If the evaluation result is A or B or C level, there is no risk of leakage, and the blowout preventer can continue to be used. If the evaluation result is D level, there is a risk of leakage, the use of the blowout preventer should be stopped, and the blowout preventer should be replaced.

[0034] Further preferably, in step S3, the on-line wall thickness monitoring and identification refers to multi-channel on-line wall thickness monitoring, integrating and fusing information from different data sources.

[0035] In step S3, evaluating the leakage risk of the well control manifold means comparing the wall thickness values at key position points in different areas of the well control manifold with the wall thickness critical values of the well control manifold in different areas to judge the leakage risk.

[0036] The judgment of the leakage risk means that when the wall thickness value at the key position point in different areas of the well control manifold is less than the wall thickness critical value of the well control manifold in different areas, there is a risk of leakage in the well control manifold; otherwise, there is no risk of leakage in the well control manifold.

[0037] The wall thickness values at the key position points in different areas of the well control manifold are obtained by wall thickness monitoring sensors.

[0038] This embodiment is another preferred embodiment. The monitoring of the blowout preventer and the well control manifold is on-line monitoring, realizing real-time monitoring of the leakage situation of the well control equipment and greatly shortening the response time.

[0039] Embodiment 4 See Figure 1 , a method for on-line monitoring and evaluation of leakage warning of well control equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Conduct on-line diagnosis and evaluation of dynamic defects of the blowout preventer. The evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the levels. S2. Conduct on-line monitoring of static defects of the blowout preventer. If cracks exist in the on-line monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it. S3. Use on-line wall thickness monitoring to identify the leakage state of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold. S4. Use on-line monitoring of bolt stress to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer.

[0040] In step S1, the on-line diagnosis of dynamic defects of the blowout preventer refers to using acoustic emission and phased array on-line monitoring to identify the safe operation state of the blowout preventer housing.

[0041] In step S1, the evaluation results are divided into four levels. Judging the leakage risk according to the levels specifically means that the evaluation results are divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D. If the evaluation result is A or B or C level, there is no risk of leakage, and the blowout preventer can continue to be used; if the evaluation result is D level, there is a risk of leakage, stop using the blowout preventer, and replace the blowout preventer.

[0042] In step S3, the on-line wall thickness monitoring and identification refers to multi-channel on-line wall thickness monitoring and integrating and fusing information from different data sources.

[0043] In step S3, evaluating the leakage risk of the well control manifold means comparing the wall thickness values at key position points in different areas of the well control manifold with the wall thickness critical values of the well control manifold in different areas to judge the leakage risk.

[0044] The judgment of the leakage risk means that when the wall thickness value at the key position point in different areas of the well control manifold is less than the wall thickness critical value of the well control manifold in different areas, there is a risk of leakage in the well control manifold; otherwise, there is no risk of leakage in the well control manifold.

[0045] The wall thickness values at the key position points in different areas of the well control manifold are obtained through wall thickness monitoring sensors.

[0046] In step S4, the on-line bolt stress monitoring and identification refers to collecting the axial pre-tightening force of the connecting bolts of the blowout preventer and inversely calculating the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer.

[0047] This embodiment is another preferred embodiment. Through real-time on-line monitoring and evaluation, it helps to improve the safety and reliability of well control equipment and reduce the impact of leakage incidents on the environment.

[0048] Embodiment 5 See Figure 1 , a method for on-line monitoring and evaluation of leakage warning of well control equipment, including the following steps: S1. Conduct on-line diagnosis and evaluation of dynamic defects of the blowout preventer. The evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the levels; S2. Conduct on-line monitoring of static defects of the blowout preventer. If there are cracks in the on-line monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it; S3. Use on-line wall thickness monitoring to identify the leakage state of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; S4. Use on-line bolt stress monitoring to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer.

[0049] In step S1, the on-line diagnosis of dynamic defects of the blowout preventer refers to using acoustic emission and phased array on-line monitoring to identify the safe operation state of the blowout preventer housing.

[0050] In step S1, the evaluation results are divided into four levels. Judging the leakage risk according to the levels specifically means that the evaluation results are divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D. If the evaluation result is A or B or C level, there is no risk of leakage, and the blowout preventer can continue to be used. If the evaluation result is D level, there is a risk of leakage, stop using the blowout preventer, and replace the blowout preventer.

[0051] In step S3, the on-line wall thickness monitoring and identification refers to multi-channel on-line wall thickness monitoring, integrating and fusing information from different data sources.

[0052] In step S3, evaluating the leakage risk of the well control manifold means comparing the wall thickness values at key position points in different regions of the well control manifold with the wall thickness critical values of the well control manifold in different regions to judge the leakage risk.

[0053] The judgment of the leakage risk means that when the wall thickness value at the key position point in different regions of the well control manifold is less than the wall thickness critical value of the well control manifold in different regions, there is a risk of leakage in the well control manifold; otherwise, there is no risk of leakage in the well control manifold.

[0054] The wall thickness values at the key position points in different regions of the well control manifold are obtained by wall thickness monitoring sensors.

[0055] More preferably, in step S4, the on-line bolt stress monitoring and identification refers to collecting the axial pre-tightening force of the connecting bolts of the blowout preventer and inversely calculating the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer.

[0056] In step S4, evaluating the leakage risk of the metal seal of the blowout preventer means comparing the ratio of the number of warning bolts of the blowout preventer to the number of bolts in each group of the blowout preventer with the warning value of the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer to judge the risk.

[0057] The judgment of the risk means that when the warning value of the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer is less than the ratio of the number of warning bolts of the blowout preventer to the number of bolts in each group of the blowout preventer, there is no risk of leakage; otherwise, there is a risk of leakage.

[0058] This embodiment is the best implementation mode. The whole on-line monitoring and evaluation process is simple, with the characteristics of high sensitivity, stable reliability and easy operation, and can be effectively applied to complex working conditions.

[0059] The on-line monitoring and evaluation process of the leakage warning of the well control equipment of the present invention is as follows: Collect the dynamic defect warning signal of the blowout preventer, the static defect warning signal of the blowout preventer, the metal sealing performance warning signal of the blowout preventer and the wall thickness warning signal of the well control manifold. First, judge the static defect warning signal of the blowout preventer. If there is a crack, stop using it immediately; secondly, according to the judgment of the dynamic defect warning signal of the blowout preventer, if it is not in grade D, the blowout preventer can continue to be used; thirdly, judge the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer, and judge whether the blowout preventer can continue to be used according to the warning value of the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer; finally, combine the wall thickness values at the key position points in different regions of the well control manifold, and judge the replacement situation of the pipe manifold in the monitored section of the region according to the wall thickness critical values of the well control manifold in different regions.

Claims

1. An online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: S1. Conduct on-line diagnosis and evaluation of the dynamic defects of the blowout preventer. The evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the leakage risk is judged according to the levels; S2. Conduct on-line monitoring of the static defects of the blowout preventer. If cracks exist in the on-line monitoring and evaluation results of each position of the static defects of the blowout preventer housing, stop using it; S3. Use on-line wall thickness monitoring to identify the leakage state of the well control manifold and evaluate the leakage risk of the well control manifold; S4. Use on-line bolt stress monitoring to identify the metal seal leakage of the blowout preventer and evaluate the metal seal leakage risk of the blowout preventer.

2. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the on-line diagnosis of the dynamic defects of the blowout preventer refers to using acoustic emission and phased array on-line monitoring to identify the safe operation state of the blowout preventer housing.

3. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the evaluation results are divided into four levels, and the specific method of judging the leakage risk according to the levels is that the evaluation results are divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D. If the evaluation result is A or B or C level, there is no risk of leakage, and the blowout preventer can continue to be used. If the evaluation result is D level, there is a risk of leakage, stop using the blowout preventer and replace the blowout preventer.

4. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the identification by using on-line wall thickness monitoring refers to using multi-channel on-line wall thickness monitoring to integrate and fuse the information from different data sources.

5. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, evaluating the leakage risk of the well control manifold means comparing the wall thickness values at the key position points in different areas of the well control manifold with the wall thickness critical values of the well control manifold in different areas to judge the leakage risk.

6. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The judgment of the leakage risk means that when the wall thickness value at the key position point in different areas of the well control manifold is less than the wall thickness critical value of the well control manifold in different areas, there is a risk of leakage of the well control manifold. Otherwise, there is no risk of leakage of the well control manifold.

7. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wall thickness values at the key position points in different areas of the well control manifold are obtained through wall thickness monitoring sensors.

8. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4, the identification by using on-line bolt stress monitoring refers to collecting the axial pre-tightening force of the connecting bolts of the blowout preventer and inversely calculating the metal sealing performance of the blowout preventer.

9. The online monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, evaluating the leakage risk of the blowout preventer metal seal means comparing the ratio of the number of warning bolts in the blowout preventer to the number of bolts in each group of the blowout preventer with the warning value of the blowout preventer metal seal tightness to judge the risk.

10. An on-line monitoring and evaluation method for leakage warning of well control equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The judgment of risk means that when the warning value of the blowout preventer metal seal tightness is less than the ratio of the number of warning bolts in the blowout preventer to the number of bolts in each group of the blowout preventer, there is no risk of leakage. On the contrary, there is a risk of leakage.

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