Large-current super-capacitor cooperative control circuit

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-current super-capacitor cooperative control circuit, and belongs to the technical field of cooperative control circuits, the large-current super-capacitor cooperative control circuit comprises a power supply voltage and current acquisition module, a large-current charging unit, a protection capacitor and a battery pack, the power supply voltage and current acquisition module is internally provided with a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and a control unit, the data acquisition module is internally provided with a rectification filter circuit, an amplification circuit and a filter circuit. According to the invention, the detection and analysis chip determines the closing number of the control units according to the magnitude of the current, thereby determining the number of connected capacitor groups in the protection capacitor, selecting a proper number of capacitors according to the magnitude of the current, sharing the large current through the proper number of capacitors, and controlling the connected capacitors by the equalization charging module at the same time. Dynamic current distribution is realized, the same charging of a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of storage batteries is ensured, the normal service life of the battery pack and the protection capacitors is ensured, and the stability of the circuit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cooperative control circuits, and specifically relates to a large-current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit. Background Art

[0002] A cooperative control circuit is a circuit design that realizes complex functions or optimizes system performance through the coordinated operation of multiple modules or subsystems. It is widely used in fields such as industrial automation, robotics, smart home, and electric vehicles. The key features of the cooperative control circuit are as follows: Modular design: The system is decomposed into multiple functional modules, each module works independently but cooperates with each other; Real-time communication: Data exchange between modules is achieved through communication protocols (such as CAN bus, I2C, SPI, UART, etc.); Cooperative optimization: Through algorithms and logic control, the work of each module is coordinated to achieve overall system performance optimization; Fault tolerance: When a certain module fails, other modules can work together to ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0003] Currently, the cooperative control circuit still plays a key role in the charging process of the battery pack. Specifically, it can achieve intelligent charging, avoid overcharging, undercharging, or overheating, and extend the battery life; ensure the efficient cooperation of each module, avoid conflicts or resource waste; improve the charging efficiency, ensure the balanced charging of each battery cell; prevent battery damage or danger, and improve system reliability; meet the charging requirements in different scenarios, enhance the user experience; provide data support for performance optimization, fault diagnosis, and system improvement; achieve remote monitoring, parameter setting, and status feedback. However, during the charging process, the charging of the capacitor and the battery pack is still uneven, and long-term charging unevenness may damage the storage batteries in the battery pack, thereby reducing the overall power storage capacity of the battery pack and affecting the stability of the overall circuit and the service life of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above defects, the present invention provides a large-current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit, which solves the problem that the charging of the capacitor and the battery pack is uneven during the charging process, and long-term charging unevenness may damage the storage batteries in the battery pack, thereby reducing the overall power storage capacity of the battery pack and affecting the stability of the overall circuit and the service life of the device.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A large-current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit includes a power supply voltage and current acquisition module, a large-current charging unit, a protection capacitor, and a battery pack. The power supply voltage and current acquisition module internally is provided with a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, and a control unit. The data acquisition module internally is provided with a rectification and filtering circuit, an amplification circuit, and a filtering circuit. The rectification and filtering circuit, the amplification circuit, and the filtering circuit are successively connected in series. The data analysis module is internally provided with a detection and analysis chip;

[0006] The data acquisition module is unidirectionally connected to the data analysis module. The data analysis module is connected to the protection capacitor. An equalizing charging module, a charging state detection module, and a charging state protection unit are provided in the high-current charging unit. A charging control module and a discharging control module are provided in the protection capacitor. The battery pack is composed of multiple storage batteries. The protection capacitor is unidirectionally connected to the battery pack. The high-current charging unit is bidirectionally arranged with the battery pack;

[0007] The equalizing charging module is used to ensure that the voltages and capacities of each cell in the battery pack and the protection capacitor are the same;

[0008] The charging state detection module is used to monitor the charging state of the battery pack and transmit the voltage, current, and temperature state parameters of each storage battery in the battery pack to the charging state protection unit in real time;

[0009] The charging state protection unit is used to protect the battery pack and the protection capacitor from damage during the charging process and perform open-circuit control on the connected circuit;

[0010] The rectifier filter circuit is used to convert alternating current into direct current and reduce the ripple in the output voltage;

[0011] The amplifier circuit is used to amplify the amplitude of the signal rectified and filtered by the rectifier filter circuit and transmit the signal to the filter circuit;

[0012] The filter circuit is used to select a specific frequency signal and transmit the signal to the detection and analysis chip for analysis and processing;

[0013] The charging control module and the discharging control module are respectively used to control the charging and discharging processes of the protection capacitor;

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: The data acquisition module is used to determine the currently input voltage and current, and at the same time obtain the temperature parameter at the power supply connection, and dynamically adjust the output voltage and current according to the actually collected data.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: The protection capacitor is composed of multiple capacitors connected in parallel, and a control unit is connected in series on one side of each of the multiple capacitors. The control unit is specifically a circuit switch and is connected to the data analysis module. The equalizing charging module detects the voltage and current conditions of each capacitor in the protection capacitor in real time.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: The data analysis module is mainly used to analyze the input voltage, output voltage, current, and temperature data and identify the working state of the power supply connector.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: a BMS unit is provided in the charging state protection unit, and the BMS unit includes a voltage, current, and temperature analysis module and overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, and short-circuit protection modules.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the voltage, current, and temperature analysis module is mainly used to monitor and analyze the voltage, current, and temperature of individual storage batteries in the battery pack in real time, identify the voltage and current differences between the individual storage batteries, and provide data support for the equalization charging module. The voltage, current, and temperature analysis module can transmit the monitored data to the overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, and short-circuit protection modules.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, and short-circuit protection module is mainly used to protect individual storage batteries in the battery pack and cut off the power supply to abnormal storage batteries.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the detection and analysis chip is used to determine the magnitude of the input current and voltage. The data analysis module can analyze historical data and real-time data through the detection and analysis chip, identify potential faults, and determine the number of connected groups of capacitors and resistors in the protection capacitor by controlling the opening and closing of the control unit.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. In the present invention, by setting a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a control power supply, a protection capacitor, and a balancing charging module, when the input power supply voltage is connected, the data analysis module will monitor the input voltage, current, and temperature data in real time. During this process, the current will first pass through the rectifier filter circuit in the data acquisition module, thereby converting the alternating current into direct current and reducing the ripple in the output voltage. Then, the rectified current will successively pass through the amplifier circuit and the filter circuit, and finally the filter circuit will transmit the current signal to the detection and analysis chip in the data analysis module. The detection and analysis chip will analyze and determine the input current signal, judge the magnitude and specific data of the current. After determining the specific magnitude of the current, the detection and analysis chip can determine the number of closed control units according to the actual magnitude of the current, thereby determining the number of capacitor groups connected in the protection capacitor, and further selecting an appropriate number of capacitors according to the magnitude of the current. The appropriate number of capacitors can share the large current. After sharing the current, the heat generation and loss of a single capacitor can be reduced, the service life of the capacitor can be guaranteed, and the circuit reliability can be improved. At the same time, the balancing charging module will control the connected capacitors and monitor the charging status of the capacitors connected in the protection capacitor in real time, and equalize the voltages of the individual capacitors in the protection capacitor to ensure that the voltage of each single capacitor remains the same, avoiding overvoltage or undervoltage of some single capacitors, which may lead to accelerated aging or even damage, thereby improving the performance and service life of the overall circuit. Finally, the current will be evenly distributed through the distribution of the balancing charging module and enter the battery pack for charging, thereby ensuring that the charging amounts of multiple storage batteries in the battery pack are the same, avoiding overcharging and undercharging, and ensuring the normal service life of the battery pack.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, by providing a charging state detection module, a charging state protection unit, and a BSM unit, during the charging process of the battery pack, the charging state detection module can measure the voltage, current, and temperature state parameters of each storage battery in the battery pack, calculate the remaining power of each storage battery in real time, and thus accurately determine the state information of each battery, avoiding usage problems caused by insufficient power or overcharging, thereby optimizing the use and management of the battery pack. The voltage, current, and temperature state parameters monitored by the charging state detection module can be transmitted to the charging state protection unit, analyzed and processed by the voltage, current, and temperature analysis module in the BSM unit, and the processed data is transmitted to the overvoltage, undervoltage, over-temperature, and short-circuit protection modules. For example, when the charging state of the battery pack approaches or reaches the upper limit, the charging state protection unit will cut off the charging circuit or reduce the charging current to avoid overcharging the battery, thereby effectively preventing the internal chemical reaction of the battery pack from getting out of control and causing dangers such as heating, swelling, or even explosion. If the charging state of the battery pack approaches or reaches the lower limit, the charging state protection unit will cut off the discharge circuit to avoid over-discharging the storage batteries in the battery pack, thereby preventing the capacity of the storage batteries in the battery pack from decreasing due to over-discharge and avoiding damage to the battery pack. If the temperature is too high or too low, the charging state protection unit will reduce the charge and discharge current or cut off the circuit to prevent the battery from being damaged due to overheating or overcooling. When there is a short circuit, the charging state protection unit can quickly cut off the circuit to prevent adverse conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, and short circuit. Through the charging state protection unit, the normal service life of the battery pack can be guaranteed, and when each storage battery in the battery pack is fully charged, the charging state protection unit can disconnect the circuit to complete the charging task of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is the principle block diagram of the circuit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the principle block diagram of the power supply voltage and current acquisition module of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is the principle block diagram of the BMS unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments.

[0028] Such as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a technical solution: a large current supercapacitor collaborative control circuit, which includes a power supply voltage and current acquisition module, a large current charging unit, a protection capacitor and a battery pack. Inside the power supply voltage and current acquisition module, there are a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and a control unit. Inside the data acquisition module, there are a rectification and filtering circuit, an amplification circuit and a filtering circuit. The data acquisition module is used to determine the currently input voltage and current, and at the same time obtain the temperature parameter at the power supply connection point, and dynamically adjust the output voltage and current according to the actually collected data;

[0029] The rectification and filtering circuit, the amplification circuit and the filtering circuit are connected in series in sequence. Inside the data analysis module, there is a detection and analysis chip. The data analysis module is mainly used to analyze the input voltage, output voltage, current and temperature data, and identify the working state of the power supply connector;

[0030] The data acquisition module is unidirectionally connected to the data analysis module. The data analysis module is connected to the protection capacitor. Inside the large current charging unit, there are an equalizing charging module, a charging state detection module and a charging state protection unit. Inside the protection capacitor, there are a charging control module and a discharging control module. The protection capacitor is composed of multiple capacitors connected in parallel, and a control unit is connected in series on one side of each of the multiple capacitors. The control unit is specifically a circuit switch and is connected to the data analysis module. The equalizing charging module continuously detects the voltage and current conditions of each capacitor in the protection capacitor;

[0031] The battery pack is composed of multiple storage batteries. The protection capacitor is unidirectionally connected to the battery pack, and the large current charging unit is arranged bidirectionally with the battery pack;

[0032] The equalizing charging module is used to ensure that the voltage and capacity of each single cell in the battery pack and the protection capacitor are consistent;

[0033] The charging state detection module is used to monitor the charging state of the battery pack, and transmit the voltage, current and temperature state parameters of each storage battery in the battery pack to the charging state protection unit in real time;

[0034] Inside the charging state protection unit, there is a BMS unit. The BMS unit includes a voltage, current and temperature analysis module and an overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature and short circuit protection module;

[0035] The voltage, current and temperature analysis module is mainly used to continuously monitor and analyze the voltage, current and temperature of a single storage battery in the battery pack, identify the voltage and current differences between single storage batteries, and provide data support for the equalizing charging module. The voltage, current and temperature analysis module can transmit the monitored data to the overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature and short circuit protection module;

[0036] The overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature and short circuit protection module is mainly used to protect a single storage battery in the battery pack and cut off the power supply to the abnormal storage battery;

[0037] The charging state protection unit is used to protect the battery pack and the protection capacitor from damage during the charging process and perform open - circuit control on the connected circuit;

[0038] The rectifier - filter circuit is used to convert alternating current into direct current and reduce the ripple in the output voltage;

[0039] The amplifier circuit is used to amplify the amplitude of the signal rectified and filtered by the rectifier - filter circuit and transmit the signal to the filter circuit;

[0040] The filter circuit is used to select signals of a specific frequency and transmit the signals to the detection and analysis chip for analysis and processing;

[0041] The detection and analysis chip is used to determine the magnitudes of the input current and voltage. The data analysis module can analyze historical data and real - time data through the detection and analysis chip, identify potential faults, and can determine the connection groups of capacitors and resistors in the protection capacitor by controlling the opening and closing of the control unit;

[0042] The charging control module and the discharging control module are respectively used to control the charging and discharging processes of the protection capacitor;

[0043] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0044] When the power input voltage is connected, the data analysis module will monitor the input voltage, current, and temperature data in real time, identify potential faults or abnormalities such as over - voltage, over - current, and over - heat, which helps to prevent equipment damage and ensure a normal service life. In this process, the current will first pass through the rectifier - filter circuit in the data acquisition module, thereby converting alternating current into direct current and reducing the ripple in the output voltage. Then, the rectified current will pass through the amplifier circuit and the filter circuit in sequence, and finally the filter circuit will transmit the current signal to the detection and analysis chip in the data analysis module, and the detection and analysis chip will analyze and determine the input current signal;

[0045] The detection and analysis chip judges the magnitude and specific data of the current. After determining the specific magnitude of the current, the detection and analysis chip can decide the closing quantity of the control unit according to the actual magnitude of the current, thereby determining the number of connected capacitor groups in the protection capacitor during this charging process. By selecting an appropriate number of capacitors according to the magnitude of the current, the appropriate number of capacitors can share the large current. After sharing the large current, the heating and loss of a single capacitor in the protection capacitor can be reduced, the service life of the capacitor can be ensured, and the circuit reliability can be improved. At the same time, the equalizing charging module will control the connected capacitors;

[0046] And it monitors in real time the charging status of the capacitors connected in the protection capacitor, equalizes the voltages of the capacitors in the protection capacitor to ensure that the voltages of each single capacitor are consistent, avoiding overvoltage or undervoltage of some single capacitors, which may lead to accelerated aging or even damage, thereby improving the performance and lifespan of the overall circuit. Finally, the discharge current is controlled by the equalizing charging module to uniformly enter each storage battery in the battery pack for charging. Through the equalizing charging module, the battery with a higher voltage can be discharged or the battery with a lower voltage can be charged to ensure that the voltages, capacities, and states of the storage batteries in the battery pack are consistent, thereby improving the overall performance, safety, and lifespan of the battery pack;

[0047] During the charging process of the battery pack, the charging status detection module can calculate the remaining power of each storage battery in real time by measuring the voltage, current, and temperature status parameters of each storage battery in the battery pack, so as to accurately determine the status information of each battery, avoiding problems in use caused by insufficient power or overcharging, thereby optimizing the use and management of the battery pack. The voltage, current, and temperature status parameters monitored by the charging status detection module can be transmitted to the charging status protection unit, analyzed and processed by the voltage, current, and temperature analysis modules in the BSM unit, and the processed data is transmitted to the overvoltage, undervoltage, over-temperature, and short-circuit protection modules;

[0048] For example, when the charging status of the battery pack approaches or reaches the upper limit, the charging status protection unit will cut off the charging circuit or reduce the charging current to avoid overcharging the battery, thereby effectively preventing the internal chemical reaction of the battery pack from getting out of control, resulting in risks such as heating, swelling, or even explosion. If the charging status of the battery pack approaches or reaches the lower limit, the charging status protection unit will cut off the discharge circuit to avoid over-discharging the storage batteries in the battery pack, thereby avoiding a decrease in the capacity of the storage batteries in the battery pack caused by over-discharging and preventing damage to the battery pack. If the temperature is too high or too low, the charging status protection unit will reduce the charge and discharge current or cut off the circuit;

[0049] Thereby preventing the battery from being damaged due to overheating or overcooling. In case of a short circuit, the charging status protection unit can quickly cut off the circuit, thereby preventing overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, and short circuits. Through the charging status protection unit, the normal service life of the battery pack can be guaranteed. When the charging of each storage battery in the battery pack is completed, the charging status protection unit can disconnect the circuit to complete the charging task of the battery pack.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one solution", "some solutions", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the solution or example are included in at least one solution or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same solution or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more solutions or examples.

Claims

1. A high-current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit, comprising a power supply voltage and current acquisition module, a high-current charging unit, a protection capacitor and a battery pack, characterized in that: The power supply voltage and current acquisition module is internally provided with a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and a control unit. The data acquisition module is internally provided with a rectifier filter circuit, an amplifier circuit and a filter circuit. The rectifier filter circuit, the amplifier circuit and the filter circuit are connected in series. The data analysis module is internally provided with a detection and analysis chip. The data acquisition module is unidirectionally connected to the data analysis module, the data analysis module is connected to the protection capacitor, the high current charging unit is provided with a balanced charging module, a charging state detection module and a charging state protection unit, the protection capacitor is provided with a charging control module and a discharging control module, the battery pack is composed of a plurality of storage batteries, the protection capacitor is unidirectionally connected to the battery pack, and the high current charging unit is bidirectionally provided with the battery pack; The balanced charging module is used to ensure that the voltage and capacity of each cell in the battery pack and the protection capacitor remain consistent; The charging state detection module is used to monitor the charging state of the battery pack and transmit the voltage, current and temperature state parameters of each battery in the battery pack to the charging state protection unit in real time; The charging state protection unit is used to protect the battery pack and the capacitor from damage during the charging process, and to perform circuit breaking control on the connected circuit; The rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power and reduce the ripple in the output voltage; The amplifier circuit is used to amplify the amplitude of the signal after rectification and filtering by the rectification and filtering circuit, and transmit the signal to the filtering circuit; The filtering circuit is used to select a specific frequency signal and transmit the signal to the detection and analysis chip for analysis and processing; The charging control module and the discharging control module are used to control the charging and discharging process of the protection capacitor.

2. A high current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module is used to determine the current input voltage and current, obtain the temperature parameters of the power connection, and dynamically adjust the output voltage and current according to the acquired data.

3. A high current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection capacitor is formed by connecting multiple capacitors in parallel, and a control unit is connected in series on one side of each of the multiple capacitors. The control unit is specifically a circuit switch and is connected to the data analysis module. The balanced charging module detects the voltage and current of each capacitor in the protection capacitor in real time.

4. A high current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data analysis module is mainly used to analyze input voltage, output voltage, current, and temperature data, and identify the working status of the power connector.

5. A high current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging state protection unit is provided with a BMS unit, and the BMS unit includes a voltage, current, and temperature analysis module as well as an overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, and short circuit protection module.

6. A high current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The voltage, current and temperature analysis module is mainly used to monitor and analyze the voltage, current and temperature of a single battery in the battery pack in real time, identify the voltage and current differences between single batteries, and provide data support for the balanced charging module. The voltage, current and temperature analysis module can transmit the monitored data to the overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature and short-circuit protection module.

7. A high current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature and short circuit protection modules are mainly used to protect individual batteries in the battery pack and to cut off power to abnormal batteries.

8. A high current supercapacitor cooperative control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection and analysis chip is used to determine the size of the input current and voltage. The data analysis module can analyze historical data and real-time data through the detection and analysis chip to identify potential faults, and can determine the number of connected groups of capacitors and resistors in the protection capacitor by controlling the opening and closing of the control unit.

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