Photovoltaic module production line, production process and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The photovoltaic module production line comprises a welding area and a pasting and laying area which are sequentially distributed in the X direction, the glass feeding end of the welding area is provided with a first glass feeding area, and the second glass feeding end of the pasting and laying area is provided with a second glass feeding area; the welding area outputs materials in the X direction; the first glass feeding area comprises a first glass feeding machine, a code spraying machine and a glue film laying machine which are sequentially arranged in the X reverse direction. The pasting and laying area comprises an adhesive tape pasting machine, a small long-edge strip placing machine, a short-edge strip placing machine, a secondary adhesive film laying machine, a back plate cutting and laying machine and a laminating machine which are sequentially arranged in the X direction; the second glass feeding area is in butt joint with the laminating machine. Production requirements of various types of battery assemblies can be met, the layout is scientific and reasonable, the occupied area of a production line is reduced, and the cost of the production line is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module production lines, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module production line, a production process, and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] The most core device of solar photovoltaic power generation is the solar cell. The principle of the solar cell is to directly convert solar radiation into electrical energy based on the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors. There are many types of solar cell modules, such as crystalline silicon solar modules (monocrystalline silicon modules, polycrystalline silicon modules, high-efficiency crystalline silicon modules such as PERC / TOPCon / HJT / BC), thin-film solar modules (amorphous silicon thin-film modules, cadmium telluride thin-film modules, copper indium gallium selenide thin-film modules, etc.), and emerging technologies (perovskite battery modules, organic photovoltaics, etc.). Currently, the mainstream technology is still crystalline silicon solar modules.

[0003] Due to the emergence of various photovoltaic modules, more current photovoltaic module manufacturers no longer only produce one type of photovoltaic module, but may be able to simultaneously meet the automated production of multiple different types of photovoltaic modules on one production line. Therefore, the flexibility and compatibility of the photovoltaic module production line become particularly important. In addition, due to the large number of assembly processes for photovoltaic modules, the overall length of the photovoltaic module production line is relatively long, and the floor area occupied by the production line is relatively large. Therefore, the optimized layout of the photovoltaic module production line is also particularly important. The layout of the front and back processes and the shape design of the line body will directly affect the production efficiency of the module, the number of workers, logistics, equipment costs, etc.

[0004] In the prior art, patent CN213124467U discloses a fully automatic production line for photovoltaic modules. Although the automatic assembly of photovoltaic modules is achieved, this production line has the following defects: (1) The laying process only includes a back EVA loading area and a backplane loading area, which cannot meet the assembly requirements of currently popular TOPCon battery modules or BC battery modules, and has poor versatility; (2) In the welding process, there are only three battery string welding machines, and the production capacity is relatively low, which cannot meet the production requirements of higher production capacity.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new photovoltaic module production line, production process, and photovoltaic module to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the main purposes of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module production line that can meet the production requirements of various types of battery modules, has a scientific and reasonable layout, reduces the floor area of the production line, and reduces the production line cost.

[0007] The present invention realizes the above object through the following technical solutions: A photovoltaic module production line, which includes a welding area and a pasting and laying area distributed in sequence along the X direction. A first glass loading area is provided at the glass loading end of the welding area, and a second glass loading area is provided at the second glass loading end of the pasting and laying area; the welding area outputs materials along the X direction; The first glass loading area sequentially includes along the reverse X direction: A first glass loading machine for supplying a first layer of glass; An inkjet printer for spraying information codes at specified positions on the first layer of glass; A first layer of encapsulant laying machine for laying a first layer of encapsulant on the first layer of glass; The pasting and laying area sequentially includes along the X direction: A tape pasting machine for pasting and fixing the battery string on the first layer of glass; A small long-side strip placing machine for placing two short-side adhesive strips on the long side of the first layer of glass and placing an adhesive block at the lead wire; A short-side strip placing machine for placing two long-side adhesive strips on the short side of the first layer of glass; A second layer of encapsulant laying machine for laying a second layer of encapsulant above the battery string; A backsheet cutting and laying machine for laying a backsheet above the second layer of encapsulant; A laminator, which is docked with the second glass loading area. The laminator covers the second layer of glass on the first layer of glass to achieve double-glass lamination.

[0008] Further, the welding area includes a first conveyor line body for conveying materials along the X direction, a plurality of battery string welders arranged along the X direction on the side opposite to the Y direction of the first conveyor line body and outputting battery strings along the Y direction, a plurality of layout machines arranged on the output side of the battery string welders and located between the battery string welders and the first conveyor line body, a second conveyor line body that connects all the layout machines in parallel along the X direction and conveys materials along the reverse X direction, and a battery string end welder arranged at the tail section of the first conveyor line body; the pasting and laying area is arranged along the extension line of the first conveyor line body.

[0009] Further, the first conveyor line body and the second conveyor line body are parallelly distributed and convey materials along the X direction, wherein the first conveyor line body conveys materials along the X direction, and the second conveyor line body conveys materials along the reverse X direction; the first conveyor line body conveys the first layer of glass plate with the battery string arranged to the subsequent battery string end welder; the second conveyor line body conveys the first layer of glass to each of the layout machines; the first glass loading area is arranged at the conveying head end of the second conveyor line body for docking.

[0010] Further, the solar cell string welding machine and the first conveyor line are respectively located on both sides of the second conveyor line in the Y direction; one layout machine is correspondingly configured for the output sides of every two solar cell string welding machines, and two layout robots are configured in each layout machine for simultaneous layout.

[0011] Further, a total of eight solar cell string welding machines and four layout machines are provided in the welding area.

[0012] Further, a reversing mechanism is provided at the position of the first conveyor line that is docked with the layout machine. The layout machine outputs a piece of glass with a battery string arranged thereon along the long side in the Y direction onto the first conveyor line, and then horizontally reverses through the reversing mechanism and outputs a piece of glass along the long side in the X direction into the battery string end welder, and then inputs it into the pasting and laying area for subsequent processes.

[0013] Further, a first reversing conveyor mechanism is provided at the output end of the single-layer film laying machine, and a second reversing conveyor mechanism is provided at the input end of the second conveyor line; The single-layer film laying machine outputs a piece of glass with a single-layer film laid thereon along the long side in the reverse X direction. After being horizontally reversed and adjusted by the first reversing conveyor mechanism, it outputs a piece of glass with a single-layer film laid thereon along the short side in the Y direction; the second reversing conveyor mechanism receives a piece of glass input along the short side in the Y direction, horizontally reverses and adjusts it, and then outputs a piece of glass along the long side in the reverse X direction onto the second conveyor line.

[0014] Further, the small long-strip placer includes a component conveyor line, a long-strip cutting and feeding module, a long-strip handling and placing module, a small-piece cutting and feeding module, and a small-piece handling and placing module provided above the component conveyor line.

[0015] Further, the pasting and laying area further includes a lead bending and high-temperature cloth placing machine, a pre-EL detector, and an edge sealer arranged in sequence along the X direction; the lead bending and high-temperature cloth placing machine places a high-temperature cloth at the lead and bends and flattens the lead; the pre-EL detector includes several layers of detection stations; the edge sealer includes several layers of edge sealing stations, a first lifting and stacking conveyor line is configured at the input side of the pre-EL detector, and a second lifting and stacking conveyor line is configured at the output side of the edge sealer.

[0016] Further, a third lifting and stacking conveyor line is provided between the small long-strip placer and the short-strip placer; a fourth lifting and stacking conveyor line is provided between the backsheet cutting and laying machine and the laminator.

[0017] Further, the conveyor line at the front EL inspection machine is a reversing conveyor line with a reversing conveying function; a sixth lifting stack line is arranged on the X negative direction side of the front EL inspection machine; the pasting and laying area is also equipped with an AGV connection trolley. When the buffer quantity of the sixth lifting stack line reaches the set value, the defective products are taken out by the AGV connection trolley and transported to the repair area for centralized repair processing. After passing the repair, they are sent back to the sixth lifting stack line by the AGV connection trolley and then returned to the front EL inspection machine through the sixth lifting stack line.

[0018] Further, the second glass loading area includes a second glass loading machine and a third reversing conveyor line. The second glass loading machine outputs two-way glass along the long side in the X direction, and after being reversed by the third reversing conveyor, outputs two-way glass along the short side in the Y direction; a fifth lifting stack line is arranged on the Y direction output side of the third reversing conveyor line.

[0019] Further, the second glass loading area includes a second glass loading machine and a gap film pasting device arranged on the output side of the second glass loading machine; the gap film pasting device includes a long-side gap film feeding and pasting unit, a short-side gap film feeding and pasting unit, a first handling mechanism and a second handling mechanism.

[0020] Further, the second glass loading machine outputs two-way glass along the long side in the X direction to the two-way glass loading station. The long-side gap film feeding and pasting unit is arranged on the X direction output side of the two-way glass loading station. The first handling mechanism transports the two-way glass from the two-way glass loading station along the X direction to the long-side gap film feeding and pasting unit for automatic pasting of the long-side gap film; the short-side gap film feeding and pasting unit is arranged on the Y direction side of the long-side gap film feeding and pasting unit and close to the laminator. The second handling mechanism horizontally reverses and transports the two-way glass from the long-side gap film feeding and pasting unit to the short-side gap film feeding and pasting unit; the laminating manipulator in the laminator sucks the two-way glass with the gap film pasted on the lower surface from the short-side gap film feeding and pasting unit and covers it on the one-way glass to complete lamination.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module production process implemented based on the photovoltaic module production line as described above, including the following steps: S1. The first glass loading area completes one-way glass loading, inkjet printing, and laying of one-way glue film: The first glass loading machine loads one-way glass onto the production line, sprays an information code at a specified position on the one-way glass through an inkjet printer, and lays a glue film on the one-way glass through a one-way glue film laying machine; S2. One piece of glass is output along the short side in the Y direction in the first glass loading area. After horizontal conversion by the commutation conveying mechanism, it is conveyed along the long side in the reverse X direction to the second conveying line body and enters the welding area. S3. In the welding area, the battery string welder outputs battery strings along the Y direction. One piece of glass is conveyed to the typesetting machine through the second conveying line body. The typesetting machine arranges the battery strings on one piece of glass in a set manner. The typeset one piece of glass is output along the long side in the Y direction to the first conveying line body, and then conveyed along the X direction to the battery string end welder to weld the bus bars, connect all the battery strings together, and continue to be conveyed along the long side in the X direction to the pasting and laying area. S4. In the pasting and laying area, according to the process requirements of different types of photovoltaic modules, multiple or all of the processes such as tape pasting, long strip placement, small block placement, short strip placement, second layer of film laying, backplane laying, laminating, high-temperature cloth placement, lead bending, EL detection, and edge sealing are completed in sequence. S5. The photovoltaic modules output from the pasting and laying area are further shunted into multiple laminators for lamination operation.

[0022] Further, in step S4, if there is a laminating operation, at the laminating operation station, the second glass loading area is used to complete the loading of the second piece of glass.

[0023] Further, if it is necessary to paste the gap reflective film on the lower surface of the second piece of glass, the automatic pasting of the long side gap film and the short side gap film is completed through the gap film pasting device.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module obtained by using the above-mentioned photovoltaic module production line or the above-mentioned photovoltaic module production process.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module production line, production process and photovoltaic module of the present invention are as follows: it can meet the production requirements of various types of battery modules, has a scientific and reasonable layout, reduces the floor area of the production line, and reduces the production line cost. Specifically: (1) In the welding area, all the battery string welders are arranged and distributed along the X direction, and a single battery string welder extends along the Y direction and outputs battery strings along the Y direction. A typesetting machine is arranged on the output side of the battery string welder. All the typesetting machines are connected in parallel by using the second conveying line body and used as the loading and conveying line of one piece of glass in the welding area. After one piece of glass is conveyed to the typesetting machine position, high-efficiency typesetting is carried out by two robots, and then it is output along the Y direction to the first conveying line body. All the typeset one piece of glass with battery strings are output from the first conveying line body along the X direction to the right and conveyed to the battery string end welder at the tail section of the first conveying line body for end welding operation; the overall layout is reasonable, the floor area is small, and eight battery string welders are arranged side by side, greatly improving the production capacity. (2) The first glass loading area is set at the head of the second conveying line body and overlaps with the subsequent pasting and laying area in the X direction. Therefore, it will not increase the length of the entire production line. A coding machine is set in the first glass loading area, and the coding machine is used to directly spray information codes on the first-pass glass. On the one hand, it improves the security of the information codes on the first-pass glass and ensures the reliability of subsequent information reading of the information codes. On the other hand, it eliminates the subsequent printing of information barcodes and the information code pasting mechanism. (3) A small long-side strip placing machine, a short-side strip placing machine, a laminator, and a lead bending and high-temperature cloth placing machine are set in the pasting and laying area, meeting the production process requirements of Topcon battery modules. At the same time, the entire production line can also meet the process requirements of conventional battery modules. (4) A gap film pasting device is set in the second glass loading area. While meeting the production process requirements of Topcon battery modules, it can also meet the production process requirements of BC battery modules, improving the flexibility and versatility of the production line and being able to meet the production requirements of various different types of battery modules. (5) All the equipment in the pasting and laying area is arranged in sequence along the extension line of the first conveying line body in the welding area. A blank area is reserved in the X direction area between the battery string welder and the layout machine and on one side of the pasting and laying area in the Y direction. This blank area is exactly used to layout the first glass loading area and the second glass loading area, without additionally occupying the area for the length and width expansion of the entire production line. The layout is scientific and reasonable, and the logistics flow of the overall production line is not too circuitous. Compared with the original production line at the customer site, it saves up to 35 sets of production lines, reduces the cost of the production line, and the length of the entire line in the X direction is also shortened by the length of one laminator, reducing the floor area. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top view of the welding area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of the first glass loading area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the small long-side strip placing machine in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view of the second glass loading area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is another top view structure diagram of the second glass loading area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a top view schematic diagram of the lamination area in an embodiment of the present invention; The numbers in the figure represent: 100 - Photovoltaic module production line; 10 - Welding area, 11 - First conveyor line body, 111 - Reversing mechanism, 12 - Cell string welding machine, 13 - Layout machine, 14 - Second conveyor line body, 15 - End welding machine for cell strings; 20 - Pasting and laying area, 21 - Tape pasting machine, 22 - Small block and long strip placing machine, 221 - Module conveyor line, 222 - Long strip cutting and feeding module, 223 - Long strip handling and placing module, 224 - Small block cutting and feeding module, 225 - Small block handling and placing module, 23 - Short side long strip placing machine, 24 - Second film laying machine, 25 - Backsheet cutting and laying machine, 26 - Laminating machine, 27 - Lead bending and high temperature cloth placing machine, 28 - Front EL detector, 29 - Edge sealing machine, 210 - First lifting and stacking line body, 211 - Second lifting and stacking line body, 212 - Third lifting and stacking line body, 213 - Fourth lifting and stacking line body, 214 - Sixth lifting and stacking line body, 215 - AGV connection trolley; 30 - Laminating area, 31 - Laminator, 32 - Third conveyor line body, 33 - Seventh lifting and stacking line body; 40 - First glass loading area, 41 - First glass loading machine, 42 - Inkjet printer, 43 - First film laying machine, 44 - First reversing conveyor mechanism, 45 - Second reversing conveyor mechanism, 46 - Buffer mechanism; 50 - Second glass loading area, 51 - Second glass loading machine, 52 - Third reversing conveyor line, 53 - Fifth lifting and stacking line body, 54 - Gap film pasting equipment, 541 - Long side gap film feeding and pasting unit, 542 - Short side gap film feeding and pasting unit, 543 - First handling mechanism, 544 - Second handling mechanism, 55 - Second glass loading station. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1-7 , this embodiment is a photovoltaic module production line 100, which includes a welding area 10, a pasting and laying area 20, and a laminating area 30 distributed in sequence along the X direction. A first glass loading area 40 is provided at the glass loading end of the welding area 10, and a second glass loading area 50 is provided at the second glass loading end of the pasting and laying area 20.

[0028] The welding area 10 includes a first conveyor line body 11 for conveying materials along the X direction, a number of cell string welding machines 12 arranged along the X direction on the Y - reverse side of the first conveyor line body 11 and outputting cell strings along the Y direction, a number of layout machines 13 provided on the output side of the cell string welding machines 12 and located between the cell string welding machines 12 and the first conveyor line body 11, a second conveyor line body 14 that connects all the layout machines 13 in parallel along the X direction and conveys materials along the X - reverse direction, and an end welding machine 15 for cell strings provided at the end section of the first conveyor line body 11.

[0029] The first conveyor line 11 and the second conveyor line 14 are arranged in parallel and convey materials in the X direction. Among them, the first conveyor line 11 conveys materials in the positive X direction, and the second conveyor line 14 conveys materials in the reverse X direction. The pasting and laying area 20 is arranged at the conveying end of the first conveyor line 11, and the first glass loading area 40 is arranged at the conveying head of the second conveyor line 14. The first conveyor line 11 conveys a glass plate with a battery string arranged thereon to the subsequent battery string end welder 15; the second conveyor line 14 conveys a glass to each typesetting machine 13.

[0030] A number of battery string welders 12 are arranged in a row in the X direction, and a single battery string welder 12 extends in the Y direction. The battery string welder 12 and the first conveyor line 11 are respectively located on both sides of the second conveyor line 14 in the Y direction. In order to improve the production rhythm and the production capacity of the production line, in this embodiment, one typesetting machine 13 is correspondingly configured for the output sides of every two battery string welders 12, and two typesetting robots are configured in each typesetting machine 13 for simultaneous typesetting to improve the production rhythm. In this embodiment, a total of eight battery string welders 12 and four typesetting machines 13 are provided, and the production rhythm can reach 12 s.

[0031] The battery string welder 12 and the typesetting machine 13 can both adopt the structures in the prior art. For example, the typesetting machine 13 can adopt the double-robot high-efficiency typesetting machine disclosed in the patent CN202420500477.5 in the prior art, or a photovoltaic module battery string high-speed typesetting device disclosed in the patent CN202421168911.0, or a multi-to-multi string welding typesetting continuous production line disclosed in the patent CN202311009347.8, etc.

[0032] A reversing mechanism 111 is arranged at the position on the first conveyor line 11 corresponding to the typesetting machine 13. The typesetting machine 13 outputs a glass with a battery string arranged thereon along the long side in the Y direction onto the first conveyor line 11, then adjusts the direction of a glass through the reversing mechanism 111, then outputs a glass along the long side in the X direction into the battery string end welder 15, and then inputs it into the pasting and laying area 20 for subsequent processes.

[0033] The first glass loading area 40 includes a first glass loading machine 41, an inkjet printer 42, and a single-layer film laying machine 43 arranged in sequence in the reverse X direction.

[0034] The first glass loading machine 41 is used to realize the automatic loading of a glass, and can adopt the structure in the prior art, such as a photovoltaic module glass loading device disclosed in the patent CN202420171430.9.

[0035] The inkjet printer 42 is used to spray information codes at designated positions on the loaded glass.

[0036] A first-layer film laying machine 43 is used to lay a layer of EVA film on a first-layer glass.

[0037] In this embodiment, a coding machine 42 is arranged between the first-layer glass loading machine 41 and the first-layer film laying machine 43, and an information code is sprayed when the first-layer glass enters the line body. Compared with the original method of adding a bar code pasting mechanism or device on the lower surface of the glass plate at a designated workstation in the pasting and laying area 20, on the one hand, the subsequent addition of the bar code pasting mechanism or device on the lower surface of the glass plate is omitted. On the other hand, when the information code is pasted on the glass plate by the pasting method, there is a risk of the information code falling off during the process of the glass plate flowing through the subsequent workstations along the production line, resulting in the inability to obtain the information code to generate an associated bar code in the future. However, there is no such risk problem when the information code is obtained by the spraying method.

[0038] In order to meet the high-efficiency beat, in this embodiment, the first-layer glass loading machine 41 uses double-station loading, and the two loading stations are arranged side by side in the Y direction. Therefore, the overall length dimension of the first-layer glass loading machine 41 in the Y direction is relatively large, making it impossible to set the output side of the first-layer glass loading machine 41 on the extension line of the second conveying line body 14. Therefore, the output side of the first-layer glass loading machine 41 can only be offset in the opposite direction of Y. Therefore, in order to realize the docking between the first-layer glass loading area 40 and the welding area 10, a first reversing conveying mechanism 44 is arranged at the output end of the first-layer film laying machine 43, and a second reversing conveying mechanism 45 is arranged at the input end of the second conveying line body 14, and the docking between the first-layer glass loading area 40 and the welding area 10 is realized through the second reversing conveying mechanism 45.

[0039] Specifically, the first-layer film laying machine 43 outputs the first-layer glass with a first-layer film laid along the long side in the opposite direction of X, and then outputs the first-layer glass with a first-layer film laid along the short side in the Y direction through the first reversing conveying mechanism 44, realizing the feeding and output of the first-layer glass in the first-layer glass loading area 40.

[0040] The first-layer glass loading area 40 outputs the first-layer glass with a first-layer film laid along the short side in the Y direction. The second reversing conveying mechanism 45 receives the first-layer glass input along the short side in the Y direction, and then outputs a first-layer glass along the long side in the opposite direction of X onto the second conveying line body 14.

[0041] In order to adjust the beat between the first-layer glass loading area 40 and the welding area 10, so that the production of each workstation can run smoothly and avoid jams and downtime waiting. The first reversing conveying mechanism 44 in this embodiment is a steering lifting buffer mechanism with a lifting buffer function. In other embodiments, a first reversing conveying mechanism 44 can also be arranged at the output side of the first-layer film laying machine 43, and then a buffer mechanism 46 is connected in series at the output side of the first reversing conveying mechanism 44, and the output side of the buffer mechanism 46 is then connected to the second reversing conveying mechanism 45.

[0042] In order to meet the assembly requirements of various types of photovoltaic modules, the present embodiment optimizes the design of the pasting and laying area 20. Specifically, the pasting and laying area 20 includes a tape pasting machine 21, a small long edge strip placing machine 22, a short edge strip placing machine 23, a second film laying machine 24, a backplane cutting and laying machine 25, a laminating machine 26, a lead bending and high temperature cloth placing machine 27, a front EL detection machine 28 and an edge sealing machine 29, which are sequentially arranged along the extension line of the first conveyor line body 11, and the second glass loading area 50 is arranged to be connected to the laminating machine 26.

[0043] A glass carrying EVA film and several battery strings are input into the pasting and laying area 20 along the long side in the X direction, and the tape pasting is completed at the designated position by the tape pasting machine 21, which is mainly used to fix and bond the adjacent battery strings together; two long-side EVA strips are placed at the designated position of the long side by the small long-side strip placement machine 22, and EVA small pieces are placed at three lead positions; two short-side EVA strips are placed at the designated position of the short side by the short-side strip placement machine 23; and the second film laying machine 24 completes the The cutting and laying of two EVA films are completed; the cutting and laying of the back panel TPT is completed through the back panel cutting and laying machine 25; the two layers of glass output from the second glass loading area 50 are sucked by the laminating machine 26 to complete the laminating operation of the two layers of glass and the one layer of glass; the high-temperature cloth is placed on the three leads through the lead bending and high-temperature cloth placing machine 27, and then the leads are bent and flattened for subsequent lamination operations; the EL detection is completed through the front EL detection machine 28; the edge sealing machine 29 completes the edge sealing around the glass, and finally enters the lamination area 30.

[0044] The tape sticking machine 21 may adopt a structure in the prior art, such as the automatic tape sticking device for battery string components disclosed in patent CN214692516U, or a photovoltaic component battery string fixing tape efficient sticking device disclosed in CN221420191U.

[0045] The small long-side strip placer 22 includes a component conveyor line 221, a long-strip cutting and feeding module 222 arranged above the component conveyor line 221, a long-strip handling and placing module 223, a small-piece cutting and feeding module 224, and a small-piece handling and placing module 225. The long-strip cutting and feeding module 222 and the long-strip handling and placing module 223 can refer to the adhesive film cutting and placing machine for photovoltaic module processing disclosed in CN221026771U. The small-piece cutting and feeding module 224 and the small-piece handling and placing module 225 can adopt the structures in the prior art, such as the partial structure of the insulating small-piece punching, cutting and placing in a small-piece punching, cutting, placing and multi-functional labeling integrated device disclosed in patent CN222396010U, or an insulating sheet cutting and pasting integrated device disclosed in CN219726520U, or a full-automatic insulating sheet placer for photovoltaic modules disclosed in CN215911436U, etc.

[0046] The short-side strip placer 23 has basically the same structure as the long-side strip placing module 221, and the difference is that the short-side strip placer 23 realizes the cutting and placing of the short-side EVA strips.

[0047] The lead bending and high-temperature cloth placer 27 can adopt the structures in the prior art, such as a photovoltaic module lead insulating rubber block placing and spot welding device disclosed in patent CN222396004U, or an insulating sheet cutting and pasting integrated device disclosed in CN219726520U, or a full-automatic insulating sheet placer for photovoltaic modules disclosed in CN215911436U, etc.

[0048] The placement of the EVA small pieces is similar to the placement of the high-temperature cloth, and in both cases, the leads need to be shaped and straightened to facilitate the placement of the EVA small pieces or the high-temperature cloth. The difference is that after the high-temperature cloth is placed in place, the leads also need to be bent and flattened, while the leads do not need to be bent and flattened after the EVA small pieces are placed in place.

[0049] In order to adjust the production rhythm, the front EL detector 28 and the edge sealer 29 can both adopt a multi-layer structure design, that is, the front EL detector 28 has a number of detection stations distributed up and down, and the edge sealer 29 has a number of edge sealing stations distributed up and down and corresponding to the height of the detection stations. A first lifting stack line body 210 is configured on the input side of the front EL detector 28, and a second lifting stack line body 211 is configured on the output side of the edge sealer 29. Through the multi-layer structure design, the EL detection and edge sealing operations of multiple photovoltaic modules can be carried out simultaneously, thereby improving the production efficiency and meeting the 12s rhythm requirement.

[0050] In order to ensure that each work station in the pasting and laying area 20 can proceed smoothly and avoid material blockage and shutdown, a third lifting and stacking line 212 is arranged between the small long-side strip placement machine 22 and the short-side strip placement machine 23; a fourth lifting and stacking line 213 is arranged between the backboard cutting and laying machine 25 and the assembly machine 26.

[0051] If defective products appear at the front EL inspection machine 28, they need to be transferred to the manual rework area for rework. To achieve this function, the present embodiment sets the conveyor line at the front EL inspection machine 28 as a reversing conveyor line with a reversing conveying function, and sets a sixth lifting stack line 214 on the X-opposite side of the front EL inspection machine 28, and caches defective components through the sixth lifting stack line 214. The present embodiment also sets an AGV docking trolley 215. When the cache quantity of the sixth lifting stack line 214 reaches a set value, the defective products are taken out by the AGV docking trolley 215 and transported to the rework area for centralized rework.

[0052] In this embodiment, the second glass loading area 50 includes a second glass loading machine 51 and a third reversing conveyor line 52. The second glass loading machine 51 outputs two glasses along the long side in the X direction, and after being reversing by the third reversing conveyor 52, outputs two glasses along the short side in the Y direction. A fifth lifting and stacking line 53 is provided on the output side in the Y direction of the third reversing conveyor line 52, and two glasses are provided to the assembling machine 26 through the fifth lifting and stacking line 53.

[0053] In another embodiment, in order to meet the production requirements of BC battery components, the second glass loading area 50 includes a second glass loading machine 51 and a gap film pasting device 54 arranged at the output side of the second glass loading machine 51, and the gap film pasting device 54 includes a long-side gap film feeding pasting unit 541, a short-side gap film feeding pasting unit 542, a first conveying mechanism 543 and a second conveying mechanism 544. The gap film pasting device 54 can adopt the structure in the prior art, such as a fully automatic pasting and glazing device and method for a cell gap reflective film disclosed in patent CN119029093B. In order to save space, the layout of the gap film pasting device 54 is as follows: The second glass loader 51 outputs two glasses along the long side in the X direction to the second glass loading station 55, and the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit 541 is arranged at the X direction output side of the second glass loading station 55. The first conveying mechanism 543 conveys the two glasses from the second glass loading station 55 along the X direction to the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit 541 for automatic pasting of the long side gap film; the short side gap film feeding and pasting unit 542 is arranged on the Y direction side of the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit 541 and is close to the laminating machine 26, and the second conveying mechanism 544 carries the two glasses from the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit 541 to the short side gap film feeding and pasting unit 542 after a 90-degree horizontal reversal; the laminating robot in the laminating machine 26 absorbs the two glasses with the gap film pasted on the lower surface from the short side gap film feeding and pasting unit 542 and covers them on the one glass to complete the laminating.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first glass loading area 40 and the second glass loading area 50 are located on the same side of the pasting and laying area 20 on the first conveyor line 11 and its extension line in the Y direction, and are located on the side opposite to the Y direction. The first glass loading area 40 and the second glass loading area 50 automatically feed glass stacking materials through the AGV trolley. The loading sides of the first glass loading area 40 and the second glass loading area 50 are arranged opposite to each other, forming a centralized loading area for glass plates, which is conducive to the neat and orderly layout of the on-site production line.

[0055] The laminating area 30 includes a plurality of laminators 31 arranged in a row along the Y direction and a third conveyor line 32 connecting the laminators 31 in parallel. The second lifting stacking line 211 on the output side of the edge banding machine 29 has a 90-degree horizontal reversing function. The first laminator 31 is docked and arranged on the output side of the second lifting stacking line 211 in the X direction. The third conveyor line 32 is provided with a seventh lifting stacking line 33 corresponding to other laminators 31. The seventh lifting stacking line 33 has a 90-degree horizontal reversing function. The edge banding machine 29 outputs photovoltaic modules along the long side in the X direction. The photovoltaic modules are divided into two paths through the second lifting stacking line 211. One path continues to enter the laminator 31 behind along the X direction. The other path outputs the photovoltaic modules along the short side in the opposite direction of the Y direction after 90-degree horizontal reversal to the subsequent seventh lifting stacking line 33. Then, the photovoltaic modules are output along the long side in the X direction to the corresponding laminator 31 after 90-degree horizontal reversal through the seventh lifting stacking line 33.

[0056] This embodiment also provides a production process based on the photovoltaic module production line, which includes the following steps: S1, the first glass loading area 40 realizes loading, coding and laying of a layer of glass: the first glass loading machine 41 loads a layer of glass to the production line, the coding machine 42 sprays the information code at the specified position of the layer of glass, and the layer of film laying machine 43 lays the EVA film on the layer of glass; S2. One piece of glass is output from the short side of the first glass loading area 40 along the Y direction. After a 90-degree horizontal direction change by the second direction-changing conveying mechanism 45, it is conveyed along the long side in the reverse X direction to the second conveying line body 14 and enters the welding area 10. S3. In the welding area 10, the battery string welding machine 12 outputs battery strings along the Y direction. One piece of glass is conveyed to the layout machine 13 through the second conveying line body 14. The layout machine 13 arranges the battery strings on one piece of glass in a set manner. The one piece of glass after layout is output from the long side along the Y direction to the first conveying line body 11, and then conveyed along the X direction to the battery string end welder 15 to weld the bus bars, connecting all the battery strings together, and continuing to be conveyed along the long side in the X direction to the pasting and laying area 20. S4. In the pasting and laying area 20, according to the process requirements of different types of photovoltaic modules, multiple or all of the processes among tape pasting, long-side strip placement, small-piece placement, short-side strip placement, two-layer film laying, backplane laying, laminating, high-temperature cloth placement, lead bending, EL detection, and edge sealing are sequentially completed. S5. The photovoltaic modules output from the pasting and laying area 20 are further shunted into multiple laminators for lamination operations.

[0057] In step S4, if a laminating operation is included, at the laminating operation station, the feeding of the second piece of glass is completed through the second glass loading area 50. If it is necessary to paste an inter-gap reflective film on the lower surface of the second piece of glass, the automatic pasting of the long-side inter-gap film and the short-side inter-gap film is completed through the inter-gap film pasting device 54.

[0058] In this embodiment, the "X direction" refers to the direction indicated by the X arrow in the accompanying drawings of the specification; the "reverse X direction" refers to the direction opposite to the direction indicated by the X arrow in the accompanying drawings of the specification; the "Y direction" refers to the direction indicated by the Y arrow in the accompanying drawings of the specification; the "reverse Y direction" refers to the direction opposite to the direction indicated by the Y arrow in the accompanying drawings of the specification. The "X direction" refers to the direction parallel to the direction indicated by the X arrow in the accompanying drawings of the specification, without positive or negative distinctions; the "Y direction" refers to the direction parallel to the direction indicated by the Y arrow in the accompanying drawings of the specification, without positive or negative distinctions. The included angle range between the "X direction" and the "Y direction" can be flexibly designed according to the actual site, for example, 20 degrees to 150 degrees, preferably 90 degrees.

[0059] For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module production line, characterized in that: It comprises a welding area and a pasting and laying area sequentially distributed along the X direction, the glass feeding end of the welding area is provided with a first glass feeding area, and the second glass feeding end of the pasting and laying area is provided with a second glass feeding area; the welding area outputs materials along the X direction; The first glass loading area includes, in sequence, along the reverse direction of X: The first glass loader supplies a layer of glass; The inkjet printer sprays the information code at a specified position on a piece of glass; A film laying machine lays a layer of film on a layer of glass; The pasting and laying area includes in sequence along the X direction: Tape sticking machine, sticking and fixing the battery string on a piece of glass; Small long edge strip placement machine, places two short edge strips on the long side of a glass, and a glue block at the lead; The short-side long strip placement machine places two long-side adhesive strips on the short side of a glass. A second-layer adhesive film laying machine lays two layers of adhesive film on top of the battery string; Backboard cutting and laying machine, laying the backboard on top of the second film; A laminating machine is connected to the second glass loading area, and the laminating machine covers two layers of glass on one layer of glass to achieve double-glass lamination.

2. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding area includes a first conveying line body that conveys materials along the X direction, a plurality of battery cell stringer machines that are arranged and distributed along the X direction on the side of the first conveying line body in the opposite direction of Y and output battery strings along the Y direction, a plurality of typesetting machines that are arranged at the output side of the battery cell stringer machine and located between the battery cell stringer machine and the first conveying line body, a second conveying line body that connects all typesetting machines in parallel along the X direction and conveys materials in the opposite direction of X, and a battery string end welder that is arranged at the tail section of the first conveying line body; the pasting and laying area is arranged along the extension line of the first conveying line body.

3. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first conveyor line body and the second conveyor line body are distributed in parallel and both convey materials along the X direction, wherein the first conveyor line body conveys materials along the X direction, and the second conveyor line body conveys materials along the opposite direction of X; the first conveyor line body conveys a glass plate with a battery string layout to a subsequent battery string end welding machine; the second conveyor line body conveys a glass to each of the layout machines; the first glass loading area is arranged to connect with the conveying head end of the second conveyor line body.

4. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cell stringing machine and the first conveyor line are respectively located on both sides of the Y direction of the second conveyor line; a typesetting machine is correspondingly configured on the output side of every two battery cell stringing machines, and each typesetting machine is configured with two typesetting robots for simultaneous typesetting.

5. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: The welding area is equipped with eight battery cell string welding machines and four typesetting machines.

6. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reversing mechanism is provided on the first conveyor line body at the position where the typesetting machine is connected. The typesetting machine outputs a piece of glass with a typesetting battery string along the long side in the Y direction onto the first conveyor line body, and then horizontally reverses through the reversing mechanism, outputs a piece of glass along the long side in the X direction to the battery string end welding machine, and then inputs it into the pasting and laying area for subsequent processes.

7. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first reversing conveying mechanism is provided at the output end of the first film laying machine, and a second reversing conveying mechanism is provided at the input end of the second conveying line body; The one-film laying machine outputs a piece of glass laid with a layer of film along the long side in the opposite direction of X, and outputs a piece of glass laid with a layer of film along the short side in the Y direction after horizontal reversal adjustment by the first reversing conveying mechanism; the second reversing conveying mechanism receives a piece of glass input from the short side in the Y direction, and outputs a piece of glass along the long side in the opposite direction of X onto the second conveying line body after horizontal reversal adjustment.

8. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small-piece long-side strip placement machine comprises a component conveying line, a strip cutting and feeding module arranged above the component conveying line, a strip transporting and placing module, a small-piece cutting and feeding module and a small-piece transporting and placing module.

9. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pasting and laying area also includes a lead bending and high-temperature cloth placing machine, a front EL inspection machine and an edge banding machine which are arranged in sequence along the X direction; the lead bending and high-temperature cloth placing machine places high-temperature cloth on the lead and bends and flattens the lead; the front EL inspection machine includes several layers of inspection stations, the edge banding machine includes several layers of edge banding stations, the input side of the front EL inspection machine is configured with a first lifting and stacking line body, and the output side of the edge banding machine is configured with a second lifting and stacking line body.

10. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third lifting and stacking line is arranged between the small-piece long-side strip placing machine and the short-side strip placing machine; a fourth lifting and stacking line is arranged between the backboard cutting and laying machine and the sheet-joining machine.

11. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 9, characterized in that: The conveyor line at the front EL inspection machine is a reversing conveyor line with a reversing conveying function; a sixth lifting stacking line is arranged on the X-opposite side of the front EL inspection machine; the pasting and laying area is also provided with an AGV docking trolley. When the buffer quantity of the sixth lifting stacking line reaches a set value, the defective products are taken out by the AGV docking trolley and transported to the rework area for centralized rework, and after the rework is qualified, they are sent back to the sixth lifting stacking line by the AGV docking trolley, and returned to the front EL inspection machine through the sixth lifting stacking line.

12. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second glass loading area includes a second glass loader and a third reversing conveyor line. The second glass loader outputs two glasses along the long side in the X direction, and after being reversed by the third reversing conveyor, outputs two glasses along the short side in the Y direction. A fifth lifting and stacking line is arranged on the Y direction output side of the third reversing conveyor line.

13. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second glass loading area includes a second glass loading machine and a gap film pasting device arranged at the output side of the second glass loading machine; the gap film pasting device includes a long-side gap film feeding and pasting unit, a short-side gap film feeding and pasting unit, a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism.

14. The photovoltaic module production line according to claim 13, characterized in that: The second glass feeder outputs two glasses along the long side in the X direction to the second glass feeding station, the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit is arranged at the output side in the X direction of the second glass feeding station, and the first conveying mechanism conveys the two glasses from the second glass feeding station along the X direction to the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit for automatic pasting of the long side gap film; the short side gap film feeding and pasting unit is arranged at one side in the Y direction of the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit and is close to the laminating machine, and the second conveying mechanism conveys the two glasses from the long side gap film feeding and pasting unit to the short side gap film feeding and pasting unit after horizontal reversal; the laminating robot in the laminating machine absorbs the two glasses with gap films pasted on the lower surface from the short side gap film feeding and pasting unit and covers them on the one glass to complete laminating.

15. A photovoltaic module production process implemented based on the photovoltaic module production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The first glass loading area completes loading of one glass, inkjet coding, and laying of one adhesive film: the first glass loading machine loads one glass onto the production line, sprays an information code at a specified position of one glass by an inkjet coding machine, and lays an adhesive film on one glass by an adhesive film laying machine; S2, the first glass loading area outputs a glass along the short side in the Y direction, and after horizontal reversal by the reversing conveying mechanism, it is conveyed to the second conveying line body along the long side in the opposite direction of X and enters the welding area; S3. In the welding area, the battery stringer is used to output the battery string along the Y direction. A piece of glass is transported to the typesetting machine through the second conveyor line. The typesetting machine arranges the battery string on a piece of glass in a set manner. The typesetting piece of glass is output to the first conveyor line along the long side in the Y direction, and then transported to the battery string end welder along the X direction to weld the busbars, connect all the battery strings together, and continue to transport the long side along the X direction to the pasting and laying area; S4. In the pasting and laying area, according to the process requirements of different types of photovoltaic modules, complete the following processes in sequence: tape pasting, long-side strip placement, small block placement, short-side strip placement, second-layer adhesive film laying, backboard laying, assembly, high-temperature cloth placement, lead bending, EL testing, and edge sealing; S5. The photovoltaic modules output from the pasting and laying area are then diverted to multiple laminators for lamination operations.

16. The photovoltaic module production process according to claim 15, characterized in that: In step S4, if a sheet-closing operation is included, the loading of two layers of glass is completed through the second glass loading area at the sheet-closing operation station.

17. The photovoltaic module production process according to claim 16, characterized in that: If it is necessary to stick a gap reflective film on the lower surface of the second glass, the gap film sticking equipment can be used to automatically stick the long side gap film and the short side gap film.

18. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is produced by the photovoltaic module production line as claimed in claim 1, or produced by the photovoltaic module production process as claimed in claim 15.

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