Cold heading stamping die with stamping cavity self-locking type adjustment function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of stamping machining, in particular to a cold heading stamping die with a stamping cavity self-locking adjustment function, which comprises a cold heading stamping frame, a rotary punch unit and an adjustable stamping cavity unit, lifting electric cylinders are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the interior of the cold heading stamping frame, and the top ends of driving shafts of the four lifting electric cylinders are fixedly connected with a lifting frame; the rotary punch unit is installed on the top of the lifting frame, and the adjustable punching cavity unit is arranged in the cold heading punching frame and located under the rotary punch unit. The mounting frame is fixed to the lifting frame, the punch selecting frame is rotationally arranged in the mounting frame, the mounting grooves are distributed in the punch selecting frame, various punches of different specifications can be mounted in advance, the adaptive punches can be rapidly rotated to the working position by means of the steering motor, and compared with a traditional punching die which needs to be frequently replaced, the whole punching die is more convenient to replace. And the time and the labor cost for replacing the punch are greatly saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stamping processing, and particularly to a cold heading die with a self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity. Background Art

[0002] The punches of traditional cold heading dies are often designed simply, usually only equipped with punches of a fixed specification, and it is difficult to flexibly adapt to the cold heading processing of workpieces with different shapes, sizes and process requirements. When it is necessary to process various types of workpieces, the entire die has to be frequently replaced. This process not only consumes a large amount of time and labor costs, but also the frequent replacement of the die easily leads to increased wear of the die, increasing production costs. Even if some dies adopt the design of replaceable punches, in actual operation, the replacement process of the punches is cumbersome and complex, and it is difficult to ensure the installation accuracy after the replacement of the punches, thus seriously affecting the processing quality and consistency of the products.

[0003] At the same time, most of the punching cavities of traditional cold heading dies are of fixed size and shape, and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the specific requirements of different workpieces. When processing workpieces of different specifications, either multiple sets of dies of different specifications need to be prepared, or the workpieces can only be processed secondary later to meet the size requirements, which undoubtedly increases the production cycle and cost and reduces the production efficiency. Moreover, the fixed punching cavity cannot effectively cope with problems such as uneven pressure distribution and increased die wear caused by factors such as the material properties of the workpiece and the change of processing process parameters during the cold heading process, easily resulting in unstable product quality and high scrap rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold heading die with a self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity.

[0005] In order to achieve the above effects, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a cold heading die with a self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity, comprising:

[0006] A cold heading stamping frame, with lifting electric cylinders fixedly arranged around its interior, and the top ends of the drive shafts of the four lifting electric cylinders are fixedly connected to a lifting frame;

[0007] A rotary punch unit, installed on the top of the lifting frame;

[0008] An adjustable punching cavity unit, arranged inside the cold heading stamping frame and directly below the rotary punch unit.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary punch unit includes:

[0010] The mounting bracket is firmly fixed to the top of the lifting bracket. A punch selection bracket is rotatably arranged inside it. There is a through hole inside the mounting bracket, and the bottom penetrates and extends below the lifting bracket. The bottom of the punch selection bracket also extends below the mounting bracket. The steering motor is installed on the front of the mounting bracket, and one end of its output shaft is fixedly connected to the inside of the punch selection bracket. And the steering motor is a servo motor controlled by PLC programming.

[0011] A plurality of mounting grooves are distributed inside the punch selection bracket, and the plurality of mounting grooves are arranged at equal angles around the central axis of the punch selection bracket. There is an opening on one side of the mounting groove.

[0012] The adjusting electric cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the plurality of mounting grooves, and the top of its driving shaft is fixedly connected to the adjusting block.

[0013] The punch is movably arranged on the top of the adjusting block.

[0014] Four stable sliding rods are fixed around the top of the adjusting block, and their tops extend into the punch. The periphery of the bottom of the punch is slidably connected to the tops of the four stable sliding rods.

[0015] The magnetorheological damper is fixed to the top of the adjusting block.

[0016] The spring is connected to the top of the magnetorheological damper, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the punch.

[0017] Preferably, the number of mounting grooves in the punch selection bracket is three or more.

[0018] Preferably, the adjusting electric cylinder is a servo electric cylinder with an accurately controllable stroke.

[0019] Preferably, the adjustable punching cavity unit includes:

[0020] The punching cavity is arranged inside the cold heading punching bracket.

[0021] Two adjusting brackets are slidably installed on both sides inside the punching cavity. Connecting grooves are provided inside both of the two adjusting brackets.

[0022] The adjustable punching cavity block is slidably arranged inside the two connecting grooves, and the tops of the two adjustable punching cavity blocks are both threadedly connected to the inside of the adjusting bracket through a bolt group.

[0023] Two rotating lead screws are slidably installed on both sides inside the punching cavity, and one end of each of the two rotating lead screws is rotatably connected to one side of each of the two adjusting brackets.

[0024] Two positioning slide bars are fixed to one side of the two adjusting frames, and one ends of the two positioning slide bars are respectively slidably connected to both sides of the stamping cavity. Positioning slide holes matched with the positioning slide bars are arranged on both sides inside the stamping cavity;

[0025] Two rotating sleeves are rotatably installed on both sides inside the cold heading and stamping frame, and the inner parts of the two rotating sleeves are respectively in threaded connection with the inner parts of the two rotating lead screws;

[0026] Two fixing blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the cold heading and stamping frame, and the two fixing blocks on both sides are arranged above and below inside the cold heading and stamping frame;

[0027] A transmission rod is rotatably installed between the upper and lower two fixing blocks, and a third helical gear is fixedly arranged above the surface of the transmission rod;

[0028] A fourth helical gear is fixed to one end of the surface of the rotating sleeve, and the tooth surfaces of the fourth helical gear are in meshing transmission with the tooth surfaces of the third helical gear;

[0029] A rotating rod is rotatably installed below inside the cold heading and stamping frame, and first helical gears are fixedly arranged at both ends of the rotating rod;

[0030] A second helical gear is fixed to the bottom of the surface of the transmission rod, and the tooth surfaces of the second helical gear are in meshing transmission with the tooth surfaces of the first helical gear;

[0031] An adjusting motor is fixed below inside the cold heading and stamping frame, and a driving gear is fixedly arranged at one end of its output shaft;

[0032] A driven gear is fixed to the middle of the surface of the rotating rod, and the tooth surfaces of the driven gear are in meshing transmission with the tooth surfaces of the driving gear;

[0033] An installation bottom plate is fixed to the bottom of the cold heading and stamping frame through a bolt group.

[0034] Preferably, the adjusting motor is a motor with an overload protection function.

[0035] Preferably, the threaded connection between the rotating lead screw and the rotating sleeve is a high-precision trapezoidal threaded connection.

[0036] Preferably, the cold heading and stamping frame is made of high-strength alloy steel and its surface is subjected to rust prevention treatment.

[0037] Preferably, the punch is made of cemented carbide and the surface of its working end is subjected to wear-resistant coating treatment.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] 1. The rotary punch unit is fixed to the lifting frame through the mounting frame. Inside, a punch selection frame is rotatably arranged, on which multiple mounting grooves are distributed. Various punches of different specifications can be pre-installed. With the help of the steering motor, the suitable punch can be quickly rotated to the working position. Compared with the traditional punching die that needs to frequently replace the whole die, it greatly saves the time and labor cost of replacing the punch. At the same time, the precise rotational cooperation between the punch selection frame and the mounting frame, and the sliding connection between the adjusting block and the punch through the stable sliding rod ensure the high precision of punch installation, effectively improving the product processing quality and consistency.

[0040] 2. The adjusting electric cylinder in the mounting groove can precisely control the position of the adjusting block, thereby flexibly adjusting the height of the punch, and can adapt to the cold heading processing requirements of workpieces with different thicknesses. This design greatly enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the punch during the processing process, ensuring that the punch can apply appropriate pressure to different workpieces and improving the cold heading processing quality.

[0041] 3. In the adjustable punching cavity unit, the adjusting frames on both sides inside the punching cavity can slide through the threaded transmission of the rotating screw rod and the rotating sleeve, thereby changing the position of the adjustable punching cavity block installed on the adjusting frame, realizing the flexible adjustment of the size and shape of the punching cavity. The operator can select the appropriate adjustable punching cavity block for installation and fixation according to the cold heading die requirements of the workpiece, or adjust its position, without preparing multiple sets of punching dies of different specifications, effectively reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency.

[0042] 4. The punch is connected to the top of the adjusting block through a spring and a magnetorheological damper. During cold heading processing, the spring and the magnetorheological damper work together to respond and adjust the punching pressure in real time. When the punching pressure is too large, the spring compresses and the working end of the punch retracts to avoid damage to the die and the workpiece; when the punching pressure decreases, the spring expands and the punch returns to the appropriate position to ensure the punching effect. The magnetorheological damper can also automatically adjust the damping size according to the change of the punching pressure. When the punching pressure changes quickly and fluctuates greatly, the damping is increased to suppress the excessive displacement and vibration of the punch and enhance the stability; when the pressure is stable, the damping is reduced to enable the punch to flexibly respond to the pressure change. This self-adaptive adjustment function greatly improves the stability and reliability of cold heading processing and extends the service life of the die and the punch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, so it should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cold heading die structure with a self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the mounting rack and punch selection rack structures of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cold heading stamping rack and stamping cavity structures of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structures of the cold heading stamping rack and rotating sleeve of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cold heading stamping rack and rotating rod structures of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating sleeve, transmission rod and rotating rod structures of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] In the figure, 1, cold heading stamping rack; 2, lifting electric cylinder; 3, lifting rack; 4, mounting rack; 5, punch selection rack; 6, steering motor; 7, mounting groove; 8, adjusting electric cylinder; 9, adjusting block; 10, punch; 11, spring; 12, magnetorheological damper; 13, stabilizing slide bar; 14, stamping cavity; 15, adjustable stamping cavity block; 16, adjusting rack; 17, rotating lead screw; 18, rotating sleeve; 19, positioning slide bar; 20, mounting base plate; 21, adjusting motor; 22, driving gear; 23, driven gear; 24, rotating rod; 25, fixing block; 26, transmission rod; 27, helical gear one; 28, helical gear two; 29, helical gear three; 30, helical gear four; 31, connecting groove; 32, adjusting fixing groove. Specific embodiments

[0051] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a cold heading die with a self-locking adjustment for the punching cavity, including a cold heading stamping rack 1. The cold heading stamping rack 1 is made of high-strength alloy steel and its surface is treated with rust prevention. Lifting electric cylinders 2 are fixedly arranged around the inside of the cold heading stamping rack 1, and the top ends of the drive shafts of the four lifting electric cylinders 2 are fixedly provided with lifting racks 3. A rotary punch unit is arranged on the top of the lifting rack 3. An adjustable punching cavity unit is also arranged inside the cold heading stamping rack 1 and directly below the rotary punch unit; through the cooperation of the rotary punch unit arranged inside the lifting rack 3 and the adjustable punching cavity unit inside the cold heading stamping rack 1, the selection of the rotary punch unit and the adjustment of the adjustable punching cavity unit are carried out according to the cold heading processing requirements of the workpiece, so as to improve the applicable range of cold heading processing of the workpiece.

[0054] It is further necessary to make a public explanation that the rotary punch unit includes a mounting frame 4 and a punch selection frame 5. The top of the lifting frame 3 is fixedly provided with a mounting frame 4, and the punch selection frame 5 is rotatably arranged inside the mounting frame 4. A through hole is arranged inside the mounting frame 4, and the bottom of the mounting frame 4 penetrates and extends below the lifting frame 3. The bottom of the punch selection frame 5 extends below the mounting frame 4. A steering motor 6 is fixedly arranged on the front of the mounting frame 4, and one end of the output shaft of the steering motor 6 is fixedly connected to the inside of the punch selection frame 5. The punch selection frame 5 is controlled by one end of the output shaft of the steering motor 6 to rotate at a fixed angle inside the mounting frame 4. The steering motor 6 is a servo motor controlled by PLC programming.

[0055] Specifically, a plurality of mounting grooves 7 are arranged inside the punch selection frame 5, and the plurality of mounting grooves 7 are arranged at equal angles with respect to the central axis of the punch selection frame 5. Among them, there are three or more mounting grooves 7 arranged inside the punch selection frame 5, and openings are arranged on one side of the plurality of mounting grooves 7; the bottoms of the inner walls of the plurality of mounting grooves 7 are fixedly provided with adjusting electric cylinders 8, and the top of the driving shaft of the adjusting electric cylinder 8 is fixedly provided with an adjusting block 9. A punch 10 is movably arranged on the top of the adjusting block 9. The punch 10 is made of cemented carbide material, and the surface of the working end is treated with a wear-resistant coating; stabilizing sliding rods 13 are fixedly arranged around the top of the adjusting block 9, and the tops of the four stabilizing sliding rods 13 extend into the punch 10. The four sides of the bottom of the punch 10 are respectively slidably connected to the tops of the four stabilizing sliding rods 13; a magnetorheological damper 12 is fixedly arranged at the top of the adjusting block 9, and a spring 11 is also fixedly arranged at the top of the magnetorheological damper 12. The top of the spring 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the punch 10.

[0056] It should be noted that first, punches 10 of various different specifications are installed inside several mounting grooves 7 of the punch selection frame 5. The punches 10 are selected according to the cold heading processing requirements of the workpiece. The output shaft of the steering motor 6 is used to control the rotation of the punch selection frame 5, so that the suitable punch 10 faces the adjustable punching cavity unit. When performing cold heading die processing on the workpiece, the driving ends of the four lifting electric cylinders 2 are used to control the lifting frame 3 to move downward until the punch 10 is directly above the adjustable punching cavity unit. Then, the driving end of the adjusting electric cylinder 8 is used to control the adjusting block 9 to move downward, and the punch 10 at the bottom of the adjusting block 9 is used to perform cold heading die processing on the workpiece inside the adjustable punching cavity unit. Through the real-time response and adjustment of the spring 11 at the top of the punch 10 and the magnetorheological damper 12 to the punching pressure, an initial adaptive adjustment basis is provided for the entire cold heading die system. When the spring is compressed, the working end of the punch 10 slightly retracts to avoid damaging the die and the workpiece due to excessive pressure; when the punching pressure decreases, the spring expands, and the working end of the punch 10 returns to the appropriate position to ensure the stamping effect. When the punching pressure changes rapidly and fluctuates greatly, the damping is increased to suppress the excessive displacement and vibration of the punch 10 and enhance stability; when the pressure is stable, the damping is reduced to allow the punch 10 to respond flexibly to the pressure change.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the cold heading stamping frame 1 in the present invention serves as the foundation of the entire device, providing a solid and reliable support platform for the remaining components, ensuring the stability of the cold heading processing process, and being the basic guarantee for the stable operation of the entire system. The lifting electric cylinders 2 are evenly distributed around the inside of the cold heading stamping frame 1, and the top ends of their drive shafts are connected to the lifting frame 3. This design enables the lifting frame 3 to move smoothly and precisely in the vertical direction, and flexibly adjust the distance between the rotary punch unit and the adjustable punching cavity unit according to the cold heading processing requirements of different workpieces, ensuring that the punch can accurately perform cold heading die processing on the workpiece.

[0058] The rotary punch unit is designed with a mounting frame 4 fixed to the top of the lifting frame 3, providing a space and support for the rotation of the punch selection frame 5. Inside the punch selection frame 5, there are several mounting grooves 7 that are equiangularly distributed about its central axis, and punches 10 of various different specifications can be installed simultaneously. Through the steering motor 6, which is a servo motor controlled by PLC programming, the punch selection frame 5 can be accurately controlled to rotate at a fixed angle inside the mounting frame 4, quickly and accurately aligning the punch 10 that suits the processing requirements of the workpiece with the adjustable punching cavity unit. The design of multiple mounting grooves 7 greatly facilitates the rapid replacement of punches according to different workpiece requirements, without the need for frequent disassembly and installation, effectively saving processing time and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0059] In the mounting groove 7, the adjusting electric cylinder 8 is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall, and the top of its driving shaft is connected to the adjusting block 9. With the help of the driving of the adjusting electric cylinder 8, the upper and lower positions of the adjusting block 9 can be accurately adjusted, and then the height of the punch 10 can be adjusted to adapt to the cold heading processing requirements of workpieces of different thicknesses, which greatly enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the punch during the processing, effectively ensures that the punch can apply appropriate pressure to the workpiece, and improves the quality of cold heading processing.

[0060] The punch 10 is connected to the top of the adjustment block 9 through the spring 11 and the magnetorheological damper 12. During the cold heading process, the spring 11 and the magnetorheological damper 12 work together to respond to and adjust the punching force in real time. When the punching force is too large, the spring 11 is compressed and the working end of the punch 10 retracts to prevent damage to the mold and the workpiece; when the punching force decreases, the spring 11 stretches and the punch 10 returns to the appropriate position to ensure the punching effect. The magnetorheological damper 12 can automatically adjust the damping size according to the change of the punching force. When the punching force changes quickly and fluctuates greatly, the damping is increased to suppress excessive displacement and vibration of the punch 10 and enhance stability; when the pressure is stable, the damping is reduced so that the punch 10 can flexibly respond to pressure changes. This adaptive adjustment function greatly improves the stability and reliability of the cold heading process and extends the service life of the mold and the punch 10. At the same time, the top of the stabilizing slide bar 13 around the top of the adjusting block 9 extends into the inside of the punch 10, and the bottom of the punch 10 is slidably connected to the top of the stabilizing slide bar 13, ensuring that the punch 10 remains stable and accurate during the up and down movement, avoiding deviation or shaking, and further improving the accuracy of the cold heading process.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] The adjustable punching unit includes an adjusting frame 16, an adjustable stamping cavity block 15 and a stamping cavity 14. The stamping cavity 14 is arranged inside the cold heading stamping frame 1, and the adjusting frames 16 are slidably arranged on both sides of the stamping cavity 14. The two adjusting frames 16 are arranged inside, and the adjustable stamping cavity blocks 15 are slidably arranged inside the two connecting grooves 31, wherein the tops of the two adjustable stamping cavity blocks 15 are connected to the internal threads of the adjusting frame 16 through a bolt group, and the use of the adjustable stamping cavity block 15 is selected according to the cold heading die requirements of the workpiece.

[0063] Furthermore, rotating screws 17 are slidably provided on both sides of the stamping cavity 14, and one end of the two rotating screws 17 is rotatably connected to one side of the two adjusting frames 16 respectively, and two positioning slides 19 are fixedly provided on one side of the two adjusting frames 16, and one end of the two positioning slides 19 is slidably connected to both sides of the stamping cavity 14 respectively, wherein positioning slide holes matching the positioning slides 19 are provided on both sides of the stamping cavity 14, and the two positioning slides 19 are used to ensure the stability of the sliding of the adjusting frame 16 in the stamping cavity 14.

[0064] Furthermore, rotating sleeves 18 are rotatably provided on both sides of the cold heading punching frame 1, and the interiors of the two rotating sleeves 18 are respectively threadedly connected to the interiors of the two rotating screws 17. Specifically, the threaded connection between the rotating screw 17 and the rotating sleeve 18 is a high-precision trapezoidal threaded connection; two fixed blocks 25 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the cold heading punching frame 1, and the two fixed blocks 25 on both sides are located at the upper and lower parts of the cold heading punching frame 1, and a transmission rod 26 is rotatably provided between the upper and lower fixed blocks 25, and a bevel gear three 29 is fixedly provided above the surface of the transmission rod 26, and a bevel gear four 30 is fixedly provided at one end of the surface of the rotating sleeve 18, and the tooth surface of the bevel gear four 30 is aligned with the tooth surface of the bevel gear three 29. The tooth surface is meshed for transmission. A rotating rod 24 is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the cold heading press frame 1, and a bevel gear 27 is fixedly arranged at both ends of the rotating rod 24. A bevel gear 28 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the surface of the transmission rod 26, and the tooth surface of the bevel gear 28 and the tooth surface of the bevel gear 27 are meshed for transmission. An adjusting motor 21 is also fixedly arranged at the lower part of the cold heading press frame 1, and a driving gear 22 is fixedly arranged at one end of the output shaft of the adjusting motor 21. A driven gear 23 is fixedly arranged in the middle part of the surface of the rotating rod 24, and the tooth surface of the driven gear 23 is meshed for transmission with the tooth surface of the driving gear 22. A mounting base plate 20 is also fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cold heading press frame 1 by a bolt group.

[0065] It should be noted that when the cold heading die is working and the adjustable punching cavity unit needs to be adjusted according to the requirements of the cold heading die for the workpiece, the adjusting motor 21 starts to work, and the driving gear 22 fixedly arranged at one end of the output shaft of the adjusting motor 21 rotates, meshing and driving with the driven gear 23 fixedly arranged in the middle of the surface of the rotating rod 24, driving the rotating rod 24 to rotate. The first bevel gears 27 fixedly arranged at both ends of the rotating rod 24 rotate accordingly. Since the first bevel gears 27 mesh and drive with the tooth surfaces of the second bevel gears 28 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the surface of the transmission rod 26, the transmission rod 26 starts to rotate. The third bevel gear 29 fixedly arranged above the surface of the transmission rod 26 also rotates. The third bevel gear 29 meshes with the fourth bevel gear 30 fixedly arranged at one end of the surface of the rotating sleeve 18, causing the rotating sleeve 18 to rotate inside the cold heading punching frame 1. The rotating sleeve 18 is threadedly connected with the rotating lead screw 17. The rotation of the rotating sleeve 18 will drive the rotating lead screw 17 to move. One end of the rotating lead screw 17 is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame 16. Therefore, the movement of the rotating lead screw 17 can push the adjusting frame 16 to slide inside the punching cavity 14. During the sliding process of the adjusting frame 16, the two positioning slide rods 19 fixedly arranged on one side of the adjusting frame 16 slide in the positioning slide holes arranged on both sides of the punching cavity 14, which effectively ensures the stability of the sliding of the adjusting frame 16. The adjusting frame 16 slides inside the punching cavity 14, and can adjust the position of the adjustable punching cavity block 15 installed in the connecting groove 31 inside the adjusting frame 16. Since the tops of the two adjustable punching cavity blocks 15 are internally threadedly connected to the adjusting frame 16 through bolt groups, the operator can select a suitable adjustable punching cavity block 15 for installation and fixation according to the requirements of the cold heading die for the workpiece, or adjust the position of the already installed adjustable punching cavity block 15. When processing workpieces of different sizes, the above transmission structure can be driven by the adjusting motor 21 to change the distance between the two adjustable punching cavity blocks 15 to adapt to the size of the workpiece.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the stamping cavity 14 in the present invention serves as the basic space for the adjustment of the entire punching cavity. Adjusting frames 16 are slidably arranged on both sides inside it. This design provides a movable space for the subsequent adjustment of the punching cavity size. The adjusting frames 16 can slide within the stamping cavity 14 and can be flexibly adjusted in position according to the cold heading die requirements of different workpieces, so as to change the actual effective size of the punching cavity, enhancing the adaptability of the die to workpieces of different specifications; connection grooves 31 are arranged inside the adjusting frames 16, and the adjustable stamping cavity blocks 15 can slide within the connection grooves 31 and are threadedly connected to the adjusting frames 16 through bolt groups. This enables the flexible selection of adjustable stamping cavity blocks 15 with different shapes and sizes for installation and use according to the specific cold heading die requirements of workpieces. This modular design facilitates the replacement and adjustment of the die, improves the versatility and maintainability of the die, and reduces the time and cost consumption caused by replacing the processing dies for different workpieces; by threading the rotating lead screws 17 on both sides inside the stamping cavity 14 with the rotating sleeves 18 on both sides inside the cold heading stamping frame 1, the rotation of the rotating sleeves 18 can drive the rotating lead screws 17 to perform linear motion, thereby driving the adjusting frames 16 to slide within the stamping cavity 14. The lead screw drive has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency, and good stability, and can accurately control the moving distance of the adjusting frames 16, thus achieving precise adjustment of the punching cavity size and ensuring the precision requirements for the cold heading processing of workpieces. Two positioning slide rods 19 fixed on one side of the adjusting frame 16 have one end slidably fitted with the positioning slide holes on both sides of the stamping cavity 14. The function of the positioning slide rods 19 is to ensure the stability of the adjusting frame 16 when sliding within the stamping cavity 14, prevent the adjusting frame 16 from shifting or shaking during the movement, ensure the accuracy and reliability of the adjustment process, and further improve the processing precision and product quality of the die; at the same time, taking the adjusting motor 21 as the power source, the driving gear 22 at one end of its output shaft meshes with the driven gear 23 in the middle of the surface of the rotating rod 24. This gear transmission method can stably transmit the power of the adjusting motor 21 to the rotating rod 24, and the rotation speed and torque can be adjusted by reasonably designing the tooth number ratio of the gears to meet different adjustment requirements; the helical gears one 27 at both ends of the rotating rod 24 mesh with the helical gears two 28 at the bottom of the transmission rod 26, and the helical gear three 29 above the transmission rod 26 meshes with the helical gear four 30 on the surface of the rotating sleeve 18. Through this series of helical gear transmissions, the power of the rotating rod 24 is transmitted to the rotating sleeve 18, realizing multi-stage power transmission and direction conversion. This multi-stage gear transmission structure can effectively disperse the load, improve the transmission efficiency and stability, ensure that the power of the adjusting motor 21 can accurately and reliably drive the rotation of the rotating sleeve 18, and thus achieve the adjustment of the punching cavity size;Finally, the installation base plate 20 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cold heading stamping frame 1 through a bolt group provides a stable installation foundation for the entire cold heading die. The installation base plate 20 can increase the contact area between the cold heading die and the installation plane, improve the stability of the die, reduce the errors generated by vibration during the cold heading process, and ensure the smoothness of the processing process and the consistency of product quality.

[0067] Embodiment 3

[0068] Specifically, this embodiment also discloses a working method of a cold heading die with a self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity, including the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Fix the installation base plate 20 at the bottom of the cold heading stamping frame 1 through a bolt group, stably install the entire cold heading die on the working plane, increase the contact area with the installation plane, reduce the errors generated by vibration during processing, and ensure the smoothness of the processing process and the consistency of product quality;

[0070] Step 2: Install punches 10 of various different specifications in the multiple installation slots 7 of the punch selection frame 5. The installation slots 7 are equiangularly distributed about the central axis of the punch selection frame 5 and have an opening on one side for convenient punch installation;

[0071] Step 3: According to the cold heading processing requirements of the workpiece, start the steering motor 6 fixed on the front of the installation frame 4, and its output shaft controls the punch selection frame 5 to rotate at a fixed angle inside the installation frame 4, and rotate the adapted punch 10 to face the adjustable punching cavity unit;

[0072] Step 4: When it is necessary to adjust the adjustable punching cavity unit, start the adjustment motor 21 fixedly arranged below the inside of the cold heading stamping frame 1. The driving gear 22 fixed at one end of the output shaft of the adjustment motor 21 starts to rotate, meshes with the driven gear 23 fixed in the middle of the surface of the rotating rod 24, drives the rotating rod 24 to rotate, and the helical gears one 27 fixed at both ends of the rotating rod 24 rotate accordingly. The helical gear one 27 meshes with the helical gear two 28 fixed at the bottom of the surface of the transmission rod 26, causing the transmission rod 26 to rotate. The helical gear three 29 fixed above the surface of the transmission rod 26 rotates accordingly. The helical gear three 29 meshes with the helical gear four 30 fixed at one end of the surface of the rotating sleeve 18, driving the rotating sleeve 18 to rotate inside the cold heading stamping frame 1. The rotating sleeve 18 is threadedly connected to the rotating lead screw 17 slidably arranged on both sides inside the punching cavity 14. The rotation of the rotating sleeve 18 drives the rotating lead screw 17 to perform a linear motion. One end of the rotating lead screw 17 is rotatably connected to the adjustment frame 16, thereby pushing the adjustment frame 16 to slide inside the punching cavity 14. The two positioning slide rods 19 fixed on one side of the adjustment frame 16 slide in the positioning slide holes on both sides of the punching cavity 14 to ensure the stability of the sliding of the adjustment frame 16;

[0073] Step 5. The operator selects a suitable adjustable stamping cavity block 15 and installs it in the connecting groove 31 inside the adjusting frame 16 according to the requirements of the cold heading die of the workpiece, and fixes it with a threaded connection with the adjusting frame 16 through a bolt group, or adjusts the position of the installed adjustable stamping cavity block 15. Through the above-mentioned transmission structure, the distance between the two adjustable stamping cavity blocks 15 can be changed to adapt to workpieces of different sizes.

[0074] Step six, according to the requirements of cold heading processing of the workpiece, start the four lifting electric cylinders 2 fixed around the inside of the cold heading punching frame 1, and the lifting frame 3 fixed on the top of its driving shaft drives the rotary punch unit to move downward until the punch 10 is directly above the adjustable punching cavity unit, start the adjusting electric cylinder 8 fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the mounting groove 7, and the adjusting block 9 fixed on the top of its driving shaft moves downward, and the punch 10 movably arranged on the top of the adjusting block 9 moves downward accordingly, and the workpiece inside the adjustable punching cavity unit is cold headed by die processing. During the processing, the top of the punch 10 is connected to the magnetorheological damper 12 fixed on the top of the adjusting block 9 through the spring 11. When the punching force is too large, the spring 11 is compressed and the working end of the punch 10 retracts to avoid damage to the mold and the workpiece; when the punching force decreases, the spring 11 stretches, and the punch 10 returns to a suitable position to ensure the punching effect. The magnetorheological damper 12 automatically adjusts the damping size according to the change of the punching force. When the punching force changes rapidly and fluctuates greatly, the damping is increased to suppress excessive displacement and vibration of the punch 10 and enhance stability. When the pressure is stable, the damping is reduced so that the punch 10 can flexibly respond to pressure changes. The stabilizing slide bar 13 around the top of the adjustment block 9 extends its top end into the punch 10, and the bottom of the punch 10 is slidably connected to the top of the stabilizing slide bar 13 to ensure that the punch 10 remains stable and accurate during the up and down movement, avoids deviation or shaking, and improves the accuracy of cold heading.

[0075] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0076] The present invention is not limited to the above optional implementations, and anyone can derive other various forms of products under the enlightenment of the present invention. The above specific implementations should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the definition in the claims, and the description can be used to interpret the claims.

Claims

1. A cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity, characterized in that: include: A cold heading punching frame (1) is provided with lifting electric cylinders (2) fixedly arranged around its interior, and the top ends of the driving shafts of the four lifting electric cylinders (2) are fixedly connected to the lifting frame (3); A rotary punch unit, mounted on the top of the lifting frame (3); An adjustable punching unit is arranged inside the cold heading punching frame (1) and is located directly below the rotary punch unit.

2. A cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary punch unit comprises: The mounting frame (4) is firmly fixed on the top of the lifting frame (3), and a punch selection frame (5) is rotatably arranged inside the mounting frame (4). A through hole is arranged inside the mounting frame (4), and the bottom thereof penetrates and extends to the bottom of the lifting frame (3). The bottom of the punch selection frame (5) also extends to the bottom of the mounting frame (4); a steering motor (6) is mounted on the front of the mounting frame (4), and one end of the output shaft thereof is fixedly connected to the inside of the punch selection frame (5), and the steering motor (6) is a servo motor controlled by PLC programming; A plurality of mounting grooves (7) are distributed inside the punch selection frame (5), and the plurality of mounting grooves (7) are arranged at equal angles around the central axis of the punch selection frame (5), and an opening is provided on one side of the mounting groove (7); An adjusting electric cylinder (8) is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the plurality of mounting grooves (7), and the top end of the driving shaft thereof is fixedly connected to an adjusting block (9); A punch (10) movably disposed on the top of the adjusting block (9); Four stabilizing slide bars (13) are fixed around the top of the adjusting block (9), the top of which extends into the inside of the punch (10), and the bottom of the punch (10) is slidably connected to the top of the four stabilizing slide bars (13); A magnetorheological damper (12) is fixed to the top of the adjustment block (9); The spring (11) is connected to the top end of the magnetorheological damper (12), and the top end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the punch (10).

3. A cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the mounting slots (7) in the punch selection frame (5) is three or more.

4. A cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating electric cylinder (8) is a servo electric cylinder capable of accurately controlling the stroke.

5. The cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable punching unit comprises: A punching cavity (14) is arranged inside the cold heading punching frame (1); Two adjustment frames (16) are slidably mounted on both sides of the punching cavity (14), and the two adjustment frames (16) are both provided with connection grooves (31); An adjustable stamping cavity block (15) is slidably disposed inside the two connecting grooves (31), and the tops of the two adjustable stamping cavity blocks (15) are both threadedly connected to the inner side of the adjusting frame (16) via a bolt group; Two rotating screw rods (17) are slidably mounted on both sides of the punching cavity (14), and one end of the two rotating screw rods (17) is rotatably connected to one side of the two adjustment frames (16) respectively; Two positioning slide bars (19) are fixed to one side of the two adjustment frames (16), one end of which is slidably connected to the two sides of the punching cavity (14), and positioning slide holes matching the positioning slide bars (19) are provided on both sides of the inside of the punching cavity (14); Two rotating sleeves (18) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the cold heading punching frame (1), and the interiors of the two rotating sleeves (18) are respectively threadedly connected to the interiors of the two rotating screw rods (17); Two fixed blocks (25) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cold heading punching frame (1), and the two fixed blocks (25) on both sides are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the cold heading punching frame (1); A transmission rod (26) is rotatably mounted between the upper and lower fixed blocks (25), and a bevel gear three (29) is fixedly arranged above the surface of the transmission rod (26); The bevel gear four (30) is fixed to one end of the surface of the rotating sleeve (18), and the tooth surface of the bevel gear four (30) is meshed with the tooth surface of the bevel gear three (29) for transmission; A rotating rod (24) is rotatably mounted at the lower part of the cold heading punching frame (1), and a helical gear (27) is fixedly arranged at both ends of the rotating rod (24); The second bevel gear (28) is fixed to the bottom of the surface of the transmission rod (26), and the tooth surface of the second bevel gear (28) and the tooth surface of the first bevel gear (27) are meshed for transmission; An adjusting motor (21) is fixed at the lower part of the cold heading punching frame (1), and a driving gear (22) is fixedly arranged at one end of the output shaft of the adjusting motor (21); A driven gear (23) is fixed to the middle of the surface of the rotating rod (24), and the tooth surface of the driven gear (23) meshes with the tooth surface of the driving gear (22) for transmission; A mounting base plate (20) is fixed to the bottom of the cold heading punching frame (1) via a bolt group.

6. A cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The regulating motor (21) is a motor with an overload protection function.

7. A cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threaded connection between the rotating screw rod (17) and the rotating sleeve (18) is a high-precision trapezoidal threaded connection.

8. The cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold heading punching frame (1) is made of high-strength alloy steel and its surface is treated to prevent rust.

9. A cold heading die with self-locking adjustment of the punching cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The punch (10) is made of hard alloy material, and the working end surface is treated with a wear-resistant coating.

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