Double-clamping tool for turning and milling composite machine tool machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a double-clamp tool for turning and milling composite machine tool machining, which comprises a first rail, mounting plates are fixedly connected to the two ends of the first rail, suction cup type tool clamps are fixedly connected to the two ends of each mounting plate, and a second rail is slidably matched with the first rail. A sliding base is arranged on the second rail in a sliding fit mode, and a suction cup type tool clamp is fixedly connected to the sliding base. According to the clamping tool, the aerogel plate is flexibly fixed and elastically supported through the suction cups, meanwhile, the aerogel plate is rigidly supported through the supporting structures in the large suction cups, and deformation and displacement caused by pressure applied by a cutter in the workpiece machining process can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning and milling compound machine tool. Background Art

[0002] When aircraft such as rockets, satellites, and missiles are in operation, they face special environments such as high temperatures generated by air friction and high-altitude lightning. To protect the electronic components inside the product from the influence of the external high-temperature environment, inorganic phenolic aerogel materials with good high-temperature resistance are used as heat insulation layers at specific cabin positions. As a key thermal protection component, its product accuracy and forming quality affect the subsequent assembly efficiency of the entire product.

[0003] The surface of the inorganic phenolic aerogel product has poor local stress-bearing capacity. Using the traditional method of pressing blocks to clamp the outer surface of the workpiece will cause irreversible damage to the product surface, and cracks may occur in severe cases. Therefore, in the prior art, flexible clamping tooling is often used to position and clamp the workpiece. The vacuum adsorption flexible clamping tooling is a common flexible clamping tooling used for clamping and positioning during the machining of aerogel products. It clamps and fixes the aerogel plate through multiple groups of vacuum suction cups.

[0004] However, in the actual application process, when the compound machine tool mills and drills the upper horizontal plane of the aerogel plate, the tool will exert a downward pressure on the aerogel plate. Most of the vacuum suction cups are made of elastic materials such as silica gel and rubber, and they can only provide elastic support for the aerogel plate. When the aerogel plate is subjected to the tool pressure, the vacuum suction cup may deform, and after the deformation of the vacuum suction cup, the aerogel plate clamped by it may deform or displace, affecting the machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defect that the workpiece is prone to deformation during the machining of aerogel products in the prior art, and to propose a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning and milling compound machine tool.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: Design a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning and milling compound machine tool, including a first track. Both ends of the first track are fixedly connected with mounting plates. Both ends of the mounting plates are fixedly connected with suction cup type tooling clamps. A second track is slidably matched on the first track. A sliding seat is slidably matched on the second track. A suction cup type tooling clamp is fixedly connected to the sliding seat.

[0007] Preferably, the suction cup type tooling clamp includes a connecting piece for fixed installation. First flow channels are symmetrically opened inside the connecting piece. A plurality of small suction cups are communicated with the first flow channels. A first negative pressure pipe is communicated with the first flow channels. A first solenoid valve is provided on the first negative pressure pipe to control the opening and closing of the first flow channels.

[0008] Preferably, a second flow channel is provided in the middle of the connecting member, a second negative pressure pipe is communicated with the second flow channel, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the second negative pressure pipe to control the opening and closing of the second flow channel.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting member, the connecting pipe is communicated with the second flow channel, a flange is fixedly connected to the end face of the connecting pipe, and a large suction cup is fixedly connected to the flange. A plurality of support structures are provided in the large suction cup to support the object adsorbed by the large suction cup.

[0010] Preferably, the support structure includes a screw rod and a support plate. The screw rod is rotatably installed on the flange, a driven gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw rod, a blind hole is provided in the support plate, a plunger is slidably fitted in the blind hole, a return spring is fixedly connected in the blind hole to apply an elastic force to the plunger, an internally threaded pipe is fixedly connected to the plunger, and the screw rod is threadedly fitted in the internally threaded pipe; A chute is fixedly connected to the flange, a rack is slidably fitted in the chute, the rack is matched with the driven gear, a guide pipe is vertically fixedly connected to the rack, and a guide rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate. The guide rod is slidably fitted in the guide pipe.

[0011] The double clamping tooling for turning-milling composite machine tool processing proposed by the present invention has the beneficial effects that: the clamping tooling provided by the present invention can not only flexibly fix and elastically support the aerogel plate by using the suction cup, but also rigidly support the aerogel plate by using the support structure in the large suction cup, which can effectively prevent the workpiece from deforming and displacing due to the pressure applied by the tool during the machining process. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a double clamping tooling for turning-milling composite machine tool processing proposed by the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a suction cup type tooling clamp of a double clamping tooling for turning-milling composite machine tool processing proposed by the present invention Figure 1 .

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a suction cup type tooling clamp of a double clamping tooling for turning-milling composite machine tool processing proposed by the present invention Figure 2 .

[0015] Figure 4 It is a top view of a suction cup type tooling clamp of a double clamping tooling for turning-milling composite machine tool processing proposed by the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of a double clamping tooling for turning-milling composite machine tool processing proposed by the present invention Figure 4 in the middle.

[0017] Figure 6 A double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention Figure 4 The sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0018] Figure 7 A double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged view at position C in

[0019] Figure 8 The schematic structural view of the interior of the large suction cup of a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention

[0020] Figure 9 The schematic structural view of the connection structure between the support structure and the flange of a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention

[0021] Figure 10 The schematic structural view of the support structure of a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention

[0022] Figure 11 The schematic structural view of the interior of the support plate of a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention

[0023] Figure 12 The working schematic view of the suction-cup type tooling clamp of a double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool proposed by the present invention

[0024] In the figure: 1. mounting plate; 2. first track; 3. slider; 4. second track; 5. suction-cup type tooling clamp; 6. sliding seat; 7. connecting piece; 8. first flow channel; 801. first solenoid valve; 802. first negative pressure pipe; 9. second flow channel; 901. second solenoid valve; 902. second negative pressure pipe; 10. small suction cup; 11. connecting pipe; 12. flange; 13. large suction cup; 14. screw; 15. internally threaded pipe; 16. driven gear; 17. plunger; 18. support plate; 19. blind hole; 20. return spring; 21. guide rod; 22. guide tube; 23. rack; 24. chute; 25. filter screen. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1, A double-clamping tooling for machining on a turning-milling compound machine tool, including a first track 2. Installation plates 1 are fixedly connected to both ends of the first track 2. Suction cup type tooling clamps 5 are fixedly connected to both ends of the installation plates 1. A sliding member is slidably engaged with the first track 2. A second track 4 is fixedly connected to the sliding member 3. A sliding seat 6 is slidably engaged with the second track 4. A suction cup type tooling clamp 5 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 6.

[0027] When clamping the aerogel plate, place the aerogel plate horizontally on the suction cup type tooling clamp 5, and the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 on the installation plate 1 adsorbs and clamps the aerogel plate from below.

[0028] After the aerogel plate is clamped and fixed, the tool of the machine tool is positioned; After the tool positioning is completed, drive the sliding member 3 to slide on the first track 2 to adjust the position of the second track 4, and drive the sliding seat 6 to slide on the second track 4 to position the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 on the sliding seat 6, so that the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 on the sliding seat 6 is in the same vertical line as the force application direction of the tool. During the subsequent machining process, the pressure exerted by the tool on the aerogel plate will be balanced by the supporting force given by the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 on the sliding seat 6, thereby reducing the degree of deformation of the aerogel plate caused by the tool pressure during the machining process.

[0029] Embodiment 2: As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 includes a connecting member 7 for fixed installation. The connecting member 7 of the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 on the installation plate 1 is fixed on the installation plate 1, and the connecting member 7 of the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 on the sliding seat 6 is fixed on the sliding seat.

[0030] As Figures 3 - 5 , symmetric first flow channels 8 are opened inside the connecting member 7. A plurality of small suction cups 10 are connected to the first flow channels 8. A first negative pressure pipe 802 is connected to the first flow channels 8. A first electromagnetic valve 801 is provided on the first negative pressure pipe 802 to control the opening and closing of the first flow channels 8.

[0031] The first negative pressure pipe 802 is used to suck the air in the first flow channels 8. The first electromagnetic valve 801 controls the connection between the first negative pressure pipe 802 and the first flow channels 8. When the first electromagnetic valve 801 is opened, the first negative pressure pipe 802 pumps out the air in the first flow channels 8, so that the inside of the small suction cups 10 is in a vacuum state. When the end face of the small suction cups 10 abuts against the aerogel plate, the small suction cups 10 adsorb and fix the aerogel plate under the action of the internal and external pressure difference.

[0032] As Figure 6 shown, a second flow channel 9 is opened in the middle of the connecting member 7. A second negative pressure pipe 902 is connected to the second flow channel 9. A second electromagnetic valve 901 is provided on the second negative pressure pipe 902 to control the opening and closing of the second flow channel 9.

[0033] The second negative pressure pipe 902 is used to suck the air in the second flow channel 9. The second electromagnetic valve 901 controls the connection between the second negative pressure pipe 902 and the second flow channel 9. When the second electromagnetic valve 901 is opened, the second negative pressure pipe 902 extracts the air in the second flow channel 9.

[0034] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, a connecting pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 7. The connecting pipe 11 is communicated with the second flow channel 9. A flange 12 is fixedly connected to the end face of the connecting pipe 11. A large suction cup 13 is fixedly connected to the flange 12. A plurality of supporting structures are arranged in the large suction cup 13 to support the object adsorbed by the large suction cup 13.

[0035] The second flow channel 9 is communicated with the connecting pipe 11. When the second negative pressure pipe 902 sucks the air in the second flow channel 9, the inside of the connecting pipe 11 is also in a negative pressure state, so that the inside of the large suction cup 13 is in a vacuum state. When the end face of the large suction cup 13 abuts against the aerogel plate, the large suction cup 13 adsorbs and fixes the aerogel plate under the action of the internal and external pressure difference.

[0036] As Figures 6 - 12 shown, the supporting structure includes a screw 14 and a supporting plate 18. The screw 14 is rotatably installed on the flange 12. A driven gear 16 is fixedly connected to the screw 14 coaxially. A blind hole 19 is formed in the supporting plate 18. A plunger 17 is slidably fitted in the blind hole 19. A return spring 20 is fixedly connected in the blind hole 19 to apply an elastic force to the plunger 17. An internally threaded pipe 15 is fixedly connected to the plunger 17. The screw 14 is threadedly fitted in the internally threaded pipe 15. A chute 24 is fixedly connected to the flange 12. A rack 23 is slidably fitted in the chute 24. The rack 23 is matched with the driven gear 16. A guide pipe 22 is vertically fixedly connected to the rack 23. A guide rod 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting plate 18. The guide rod 21 is slidably fitted in the guide pipe 22.

[0037] When the large suction cup 13 adsorbs and fixes the aerogel plate, the inside of the large suction cup 13 is in a negative pressure state. At this time, the air pressure in the blind hole 19 is greater than the external air pressure. Under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, the supporting plate 18 moves along the radial direction of the large suction cup 13 towards the axis of the large suction cup 13.

[0038] Since there are multiple supporting plates 18 at the same time, when the multiple supporting plates 18 move to the axis of the large suction cup 13 at the same time, the adjacent supporting plates 18 will abut against each other. When the multiple supporting plates 18 abut against each other at the same time, they will form a complete large supporting plate, and the large supporting plate is on the axis of the large suction cup 13.

[0039] During the process of the support plate 18 moving towards the axis of the large suction cup 13, the support plate 18 will drive the rack 23 to move synchronously through the cooperation of the guide rod 21 and the guide tube 22. During the movement of the rack 23, it will drive the driven gear 16 to rotate. The rotation of the driven gear 16 will drive the screw rod 14 to rotate. The rotation of the screw rod 14 will drive the internally threaded tube 15 to move upward, and the upward movement of the internally threaded tube 15 will drive the support plate 18 to move upward.

[0040] When multiple support plates 18 abut against each other to form a large support plate, the support plate 18 stops moving radially. At this time, the support plate 18 also reaches the highest point. When the support plate 18 is at the highest point, the upper surface of the support plate 18 is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end surface of the large suction cup 13. At this time, the large support plate formed by multiple support plates 18 will abut against the bottom surface of the aerogel plate at the axis of the large suction cup 13. When the machine tool processes the aerogel plate, the force application direction of the tool is also in the axial direction of the large suction cup 13. Therefore, when the support plate 18 is at the highest point, the large support plate formed by the support plates 18 will support the aerogel plate, and the pressure exerted on the aerogel plate during tool processing will be balanced by the supporting force given by the large support plate, thereby preventing the aerogel plate from deforming due to the pressure of the tool during the processing process.

[0041] Working principle and working process: Taking the drilling of the aerogel plate as an example: S1: Horizontally place the aerogel plate on the suction cup type tooling fixture 5, and the suction cup type tooling fixture 5 on the mounting plate 1 adsorbs and clamps the aerogel plate from below.

[0042] S2: After the aerogel plate is clamped and fixed, the drill bit is positioned at the drilling position of the aerogel plate.

[0043] S3: After the drill bit positioning is completed, drive the sliding member 3 to slide on the first track 2 to adjust the position of the second track 4, and drive the sliding seat 6 to slide on the second track 4 to position the suction cup type tooling fixture 5 on the sliding seat 6, so that the suction cup type tooling fixture 5 on the sliding seat 6 is located on the axis of the drill bit, and the large suction cup 13 of this suction cup type tooling fixture 5 is coaxial with the drill bit.

[0044] S4: Open the first solenoid valve 801 and the second solenoid valve 901 of the suction cup type tooling fixture 5 in S3. At this time, the first negative pressure tube 802 makes the small suction cup 10 in a vacuum state, and the second negative pressure tube 902 makes the large suction cup 13 in a vacuum state. Under the action of vacuum, the large suction cup 13 and the small suction cup 10 will adsorb and fix the bottom surface of the aerogel plate; S41: When the large suction cup 13 adsorbs and fixes the aerogel plate, the inside of the large suction cup 13 is in a negative pressure state. The air pressure in the blind hole 19 is greater than the air pressure in the large suction cup 13. Under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, the support plate 18 moves along the radial direction of the large suction cup 13 towards the axis of the large suction cup 13.

[0045] S42: Since there are multiple support plates 18 at the same time, when multiple support plates 18 move to the axis of the large suction cup 13 simultaneously, adjacent support plates 18 will abut against each other. When multiple support plates 18 abut against each other simultaneously, they will form a complete large support plate, and this large support plate is on the axis of the large suction cup 13.

[0046] S43: During the process of the support plate 18 moving towards the axis of the large suction cup 13, the support plate 18 will drive the rack 23 to move synchronously through the cooperation of the guide rod 21 and the guide tube 22. During the movement of the rack 23, it will drive the driven gear 16 to rotate. The rotation of the driven gear 16 will drive the screw rod 14 to rotate. The rotation of the screw rod 14 will drive the internal thread tube 15 to move upward. The upward movement of the internal thread tube 15 will drive the support plate 18 to move upward.

[0047] S44: When multiple support plates 18 abut against each other to form a large support plate, the support plate 18 stops moving radially. At this time, the support plate 18 also reaches the highest point. When the support plate 18 is at the highest point, the upper surface of the support plate 18 is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end surface of the large suction cup 13. At this time, the large support plate formed by the support plates 18 will provide a supporting force for the aerogel plate at the axis position of the large suction cup 13.

[0048] S5: After the large suction cup 13 and the small suction cup 10 in S4 adsorb and fix the aerogel plate, the first solenoid valve 801 and the second solenoid valve 901 of the suction cup type tooling clamp 5 are closed.

[0049] S6: Start the machine tool, and the machine tool drives the drill bit to move downward to drill the aerogel plate.

[0050] S7: There are two states during the drilling process of the drill bit, where: The first state is that the drilling depth is less than the thickness of the aerogel plate. In this state, the large support plate formed by the support plates 18 provides a supporting force for the aerogel plate to balance the pressure exerted on the aerogel plate by the drill bit drilling downward. The second state is that the drill bit penetrates the aerogel plate. At the moment when the drill bit penetrates the aerogel plate, the outside air will enter the large suction cup 13 through the drill hole, causing the air pressure inside the large suction cup 13 to increase. At this time, the pressure inside the blind hole 19 will be less than the pressure of the large suction cup 13. Under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 20 and the pressure difference, the support plate 18 moves along the large suction cup 13 and moves away from the axis position of the large suction cup 13. During this process, since the support plate 18 moves away from the axis of the large suction cup 13, the support plate 18 will make way for the downward movement path of the drill bit, thus preventing the drill bit from contacting the support plate 18 after penetrating the aerogel plate.

[0051] S8: At the moment when the drill bit penetrates the aerogel plate, under the action of the negative pressure inside the large suction cup 13, a high-speed air flow will be generated from top to bottom in the drill hole. During the process of the high-speed air flow passing through the drill hole, the cutting chips in the drill hole and on the drill bit will be cleaned off. The cleaned cutting chips will enter the connecting pipe 11 under the action of the high-speed air flow. A filter screen 25 is provided in the connecting pipe 11 to collect the cleaned cutting chips.

[0052] When using a milling cutter to mill the horizontal plane of the aerogel plate, only the steps in S1 - S6 above need to be repeated.

[0053] Compared with the vacuum adsorption flexible clamping tooling in the prior art, while the clamping tooling provided by the present invention flexibly fixes and elastically supports the aerogel plate with the suction cup, it also rigidly supports the aerogel plate with the support structure inside the large suction cup 13, which can effectively prevent the workpiece from deforming and displacing due to the pressure exerted by the tool during the machining process.

[0054] In addition, when the machining depth of the drill bit is greater than the thickness of the aerogel plate, the support structure will give way under the action of the external atmospheric pressure to prevent the drill bit from contacting the support structure and damaging the drill bit.

[0055] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent replacements or changes, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-clamping tool for machining a turning and milling machine tool, comprising a first rail (2), both ends of which are fixedly connected to mounting plates (1), characterized in that: Suction cup type fixture clamps (5) are fixedly connected to both ends of the mounting plate (1); a second track (4) is slidably matched on the first track (2); a sliding seat (6) is slidably matched on the second track (4); and a suction cup type fixture clamp (5) is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (6).

2. The double-clamp tooling for turning and milling compound machine tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suction cup type fixture clamp (5) comprises a connecting piece (7) for fixed installation, a first flow channel (8) is symmetrically opened inside the connecting piece (7), a plurality of small suction cups (10) are connected to the first flow channel (8), a first negative pressure pipe (802) is connected to the first flow channel (8), and a first solenoid valve (801) is provided on the first negative pressure pipe (802) to control the opening and closing of the first flow channel (8).

3. The double clamping tool for turning and milling compound machine tool processing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A second flow channel (9) is provided in the middle of the connecting member (7), the second flow channel (9) is connected to a second negative pressure pipe (902), and a second solenoid valve (901) is provided on the second negative pressure pipe (902) to control the opening and closing of the second flow channel (9).

4. The double-clamping tool for turning and milling compound machine tool processing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A connecting pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the connecting member (7), the connecting pipe (11) is connected to the second flow channel (9), a flange (12) is fixedly connected to the end surface of the connecting pipe (11), a large suction cup (13) is fixedly connected to the flange (12), and a plurality of supporting structures are arranged inside the large suction cup (13) to support an object adsorbed by the large suction cup (13).

5. The double-clamping tool for turning and milling compound machine tool processing according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The support structure comprises a screw rod (14) and a support plate (18), wherein the screw rod (14) is rotatably mounted on a flange (12), a driven gear (16) is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw rod (14), a blind hole (19) is provided on the support plate (18), a plunger (17) is slidably engaged in the blind hole (19), a return spring (20) is fixedly connected in the blind hole (19) to apply elastic force to the plunger (17), an internally threaded tube (15) is fixedly connected to the plunger (17), and the screw rod (14) is threadably engaged in the internally threaded tube (15); The flange (12) is fixedly connected with a slide groove (24), a rack (23) is slidably engaged in the slide groove (24), the rack (23) matches the driven gear (16), a guide tube (22) is vertically fixedly connected to the rack (23), a guide rod (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (18), and the guide rod (21) is slidably engaged in the guide tube (22).

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