Adjusting method of cylindrical grinding workbench

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cylindrical grinding machining, and provides an adjusting method of a cylindrical grinding workbench in order to solve the technical problems that an existing grinding machine is complex in adjusting process, long in adjusting time, low in adjusting precision and the like, the adjusting method of the cylindrical grinding workbench comprises the following steps that a cylinder to be machined is installed on an upper workbench of the grinding workbench, and trial grinding is conducted on the surface of the cylinder; marking two measuring points on the cylinder to be processed, respectively measuring the cylindrical surface diameters at the positions of the two measuring points, and calculating the diameter difference between the two measuring points; measuring the axial distance between the two measuring points; measuring the vertical distance between the rotation center of the upper workbench and the measuring head of the dial indicator on the cylindrical grinding workbench, and calculating the adjustment constant value of the upper workbench; according to the diameter difference, the axial distance and the adjustment fixed value, the adjustment amount of the cylindrical grinding workbench is calculated, the upper workbench is rotationally adjusted according to the adjustment amount, the numerical value displayed by the dial indicator is made to be equal to the adjustment amount, and therefore accurate adjustment of the cylindrical grinding workbench is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of external cylindrical grinding, and particularly relates to a method for adjusting an external cylindrical grinding workbench. Background Art

[0002] Grinding is a commonly used machining method for removing materials. External cylindrical grinding mainly processes the outer cylinder, outer cone, and shaft shoulder end face of a grinding shaft workpiece on the workbench of an external cylindrical grinding machine. To obtain an accurate cylindrical machining surface during external cylindrical grinding, first, the "upper workbench" of the external cylindrical grinding machine must be adjusted to the correct position so that the dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance (i.e., cylindricity) of the workpiece to be machined meet the requirements of the drawing. Therefore, adjusting the "upper workbench" of the external cylindrical grinding machine is an important step to ensure the machining accuracy of external cylindrical grinding.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown in (a) of [reference], when grinding the outer cylindrical surface, the rotation axis x - x of the workpiece must be parallel to the longitudinal movement direction F - F of the workbench to ensure the cylindricity tolerance of the workpiece; as Figure 1 shown in (b) and (c) of [reference], if the rotation axis x - x of the workpiece is not parallel to the longitudinal movement direction F - F of the workbench during grinding, cylindricity error will occur; the existing adjustment method for correcting the cylindricity error is to adjust the upper workbench of the machine tool by the operator. As Figure 2 shown, first loosen the screw 1, rotate the screw rod 3, and the dial indicator 2 shows the rotational movement amount of the upper workbench; however, the operator cannot accurately determine the rotational movement amount of the dial indicator and can only rely on operation experience and repeatedly grind until it is qualified.

[0004] It can be seen that in the actual production process, it is usually necessary to repeatedly adjust the workbench of the external cylindrical grinding machine many times, and then gradually correct the cylindricity error through repeated grinding and measurement many times until it meets the processing requirements. This adjustment method not only consumes time and effort, but also has high production costs and labor costs, and low processing efficiency. When the external cylindrical grinding machine is adjusted for product change or the external cylindricity is adaptively adjusted during the processing, in order to ensure the machining accuracy, it is necessary to adjust the workbench of the external cylindrical grinding machine in time to ensure the cylindricity tolerance of the workpiece. This adjustment method has high skill requirements for the operator and a long adjustment time, seriously affecting the actual production progress.

[0005] Chinese Patent Application No. CN202310666148.8 discloses a method for machining micro-angles on a grinding machine, which measures and adjusts by cooperating two dial indicators and manual marking. This not only increases the workload of operators, has high technical requirements for operators, but also the manual marking is prone to certain errors, unable to guarantee the adjustment accuracy, and the applicable scope of this adjustment method is relatively limited, unable to meet the actual market demand; therefore, it is necessary to find a method that can accurately and quickly calculate the adjustment amount of the outer circle grinding workbench, reduce the adjustment time and the number of repeated adjustments of the device, so as to improve the machining accuracy and efficiency of workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that the adjustment process of the existing outer circle grinding workbench is relatively complex, the adjustment time is long, the labor cost is high, and the machining efficiency and adjustment accuracy are low, and to propose an adjustment method for the outer circle grinding workbench.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An adjustment method for an outer circle grinding workbench is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Install the cylindrical body to be machined on the upper workbench of the outer circle grinding workbench, and perform trial grinding on the surface of the cylindrical body.

[0010] S2. Mark two measurement points on the cylindrical body to be machined along the axial direction, measure the diameters of the cylindrical surfaces at the positions where the two measurement points are located respectively, and calculate the diameter difference between the two cylindrical surfaces.

[0011] S3. Measure the axial distance between the two measurement points.

[0012] S4. Measure the vertical distance between the rotation center of the upper workbench and the dial indicator probe on the outer circle grinding workbench, and calculate the adjustment fixed value of the upper workbench according to the vertical distance between the two.

[0013] S5. According to the diameter difference, the axial distance between the two measurement points and the adjustment fixed value in steps S2 - S4, calculate the adjustment amount of the outer circle grinding workbench, and rotate and adjust the upper workbench according to this adjustment amount to make the value displayed by the dial indicator equal to this adjustment amount, so as to complete the precise adjustment of the outer circle grinding workbench.

[0014] Further, in step S1, the cylindrical body to be machined is a cylinder or a cone.

[0015] Further, step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0016] Mark two measurement points on the surface of the cylindrical body to be machined along the axial direction. There is a certain distance between the two measurement points. One measurement point is close to the headstock end of the external cylindrical grinding workbench, and the other measurement point is close to the tailstock end of the external cylindrical grinding workbench. Measure the diameters of the cylindrical surfaces at the positions of the two measurement points respectively, and calculate the diameter difference between the two cylindrical surface diameters.

[0017] Further, in step S2, the diameter difference between the two cylindrical surface diameters satisfies the following formula:

[0018] d = D_left - D_right;

[0019] where d is the diameter difference, D_left is the diameter of the cylindrical body to be machined at the end close to the headstock of the external cylindrical grinding workbench, and D_right is the diameter of the cylindrical body to be machined at the end close to the tailstock of the external cylindrical grinding workbench.

[0020] Further, in step S3, measure the axial distance between the two measurement points with a caliper.

[0021] Further, in step S4, the adjustment setting value of the upper workbench satisfies the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] where: K is the adjustment setting value, L 0 is the perpendicular distance between the rotation center of the upper workbench and the extending direction of the dial indicator probe tip.

[0024] Further, in step S5, the adjustment amount of the external cylindrical grinding workbench satisfies the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] where: a is the adjustment amount of the external cylindrical grinding workbench, and L is the axial distance between the two measurement points.

[0027] Further, in step S5, when the adjustment amount a of the external cylindrical grinding workbench is a positive value, adjust the upper workbench clockwise according to this adjustment amount so that the value displayed on the dial indicator is equal to this adjustment amount, thereby completing the precise adjustment of the grinding workbench;

[0028] When the adjustment amount a of the external cylindrical grinding workbench is a negative value, adjust the upper workbench counterclockwise according to this adjustment amount so that the value displayed on the dial indicator is equal to this adjustment amount, thereby completing the precise adjustment of the grinding workbench.

[0029] Advantages of the present invention:

[0030] 【1】The adjustment method of the outer circle grinding workbench of the present invention has a simple operation process. According to the corresponding calculation formula, the adjustment amount of the grinding workbench can be quickly and accurately calculated, greatly saving the adjustment time. At the same time, the adjustment direction of the grinding workbench can be determined, avoiding processing mistakes caused by misjudgment of the workbench adjustment direction, effectively reducing the rejection rate of grinding processing, and improving the grinding adjustment accuracy.

[0031] 【2】The adjustment method of the present invention is not only applicable to various types of grinding machines, but also the algorithm can be incorporated into the program of a new type of CNC grinding machine to achieve automatic adjustment control, quickly and accurately adjust the workbench, further improving the processing accuracy and workpiece yield rate of the grinding machine. It has a wide range of applications, a simple operation process, and low skill requirements for operators, greatly reducing the labor cost and production cost.

[0032] 【3】The adjustment method of the present invention does not require repeated adjustment of the grinding machine. Only by making corresponding adjustments according to the calculated adjustment amount can precise processing of the workpiece be achieved. It can not only accurately adjust the workpiece with a grinding allowance of less than 0.01 mm, realize the micro-adjustment of the grinding workbench, effectively reduce the workpiece processing error, and improve the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the position between the workpiece rotation axis and the longitudinal movement direction of the workbench in the background technology;

[0034] (a) is a position relationship diagram where the workpiece rotation axis is parallel to the longitudinal movement direction of the workbench;

[0035] (b) is a position relationship diagram where the workpiece rotation axis is not parallel to the longitudinal movement direction of the workbench, resulting in cylindricity error;

[0036] (c) is another position relationship diagram where the workpiece rotation axis is not parallel to the longitudinal movement direction of the workbench, resulting in cylindricity error;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding workbench in the background technology;

[0038] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the adjustment method of the outer circle grinding workbench of the present invention; Reference numerals:

[0039] 1 - Screw, 2 - Dial indicator, 3 - Screw rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0040] The design concept of the present invention is to calculate the adjustment amount of the grinding workbench according to the properties of similar triangles. This method can not only accurately determine the adjustment direction of the workbench and achieve one-time adjustment in place, but also greatly reduce the skill requirements for operators, effectively reduce the time and number of repeated adjustments of the machine tool, shorten the changeover adjustment time, and can also accurately control the adjustment within 0.001 mm - 0.002 mm, improving the machining accuracy. Definition: F-F is the longitudinal movement direction of the workbench, x-x is the rotation axis of the workpiece, and O is the rotation center of the workbench;

[0041] As Figure 3 shown, in right triangle ABC and right triangle ODF:

[0042] ∵ AB ∥ OF, AC ∥ OD

[0043] ∴ △ABC ∼ △ODF

[0044] ∴

[0045] By equivalent substitution, we get

[0046] Then

[0047] In practical operation, for the convenience of calculation, the fixed value in the formula is represented by K, that is

[0048] Then the calculation formula for the adjustment amount of the grinding workbench is:

[0049]

[0050] Where: a is the adjustment amount of the grinding workbench (mm), d is the diameter difference between two measurement points (mm), L 0 is the vertical distance between the rotation center of the upper workbench and the extension direction of the dial indicator probe (mm), and L is the axial distance between two measurement points (mm);

[0051] A method for adjusting the outer circle grinding workbench specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Install the cylindrical body to be processed on the outer circle grinding workbench and perform trial grinding on the surface of the cylindrical body;

[0053] S2. Mark two measurement points on the axial surface of the cylindrical body to be processed at one end of the headstock close to the outer circle grinding workbench and at one end of the tailstock close to the outer circle grinding workbench respectively. Measure the diameters of the cylindrical surfaces at the positions of the two measurement points and record them as D_left and D_right respectively. Calculate the diameter difference d = D_left - D_right between the two cylindrical surfaces through the following formula;

[0054] S3. Measure the axial distance L between two measurement points with a caliper;

[0055] S4. Measure the perpendicular distance L between the rotation center of the upper worktable and the extension direction of the dial indicator probe, and calculate the adjustment set value K of the grinding worktable. The relationship between them satisfies the following formula: 0 , and the following formula is satisfied between the two:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, the adjustment set value K is related to the model of the cylindrical grinding worktable, mainly related to the length of the upper worktable. Different models of the cylindrical grinding worktable have different adjustment set values K;

[0058] S5. According to the diameter difference d at both ends, the axial distance L between two measurement points, and the adjustment set value K in steps S2 - S4, calculate the adjustment amount a of the grinding worktable. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] When the adjustment amount a of the cylindrical grinding worktable is positive, adjust the upper worktable clockwise according to this adjustment amount so that the value displayed on the dial indicator is equal to this adjustment amount;

[0061] When the adjustment amount a of the cylindrical grinding worktable is negative, adjust the upper worktable counterclockwise according to this adjustment amount so that the value displayed on the dial indicator is equal to this adjustment amount, thus completing the precise adjustment of the grinding worktable.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] In cylindrical grinding, it is measured that the diameter D_left of the cylinder to be processed near the headstock end is Φ39.543 mm, the diameter D_right near the tailstock end is Φ39.505 mm, the axial distance L between the two measurement points is 55 mm, and the K value is 375 mm. Then the adjustment amount a of the cylindrical grinding worktable and the change amount of the dial indicator pointer are:

[0064]

[0065] The calculated result a is positive. Then loosen the locking screw of the upper worktable, rotate the adjustment screw, and rotate the upper worktable clockwise until the movement amount displayed on the dial indicator is 0.26 (mm), then the precise adjustment of the cylindrical grinding worktable can be completed.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] On the M1320 cylindrical grinding worktable, grind a 1:800 micro taper mandrel, where the adjustment set value K of the M1320 cylindrical grinding worktable = 375 mm;

[0068] The diameter difference at both ends of the micro taper mandrel satisfies the following formula:

[0069] d = D_left - D_right;

[0070] where D_left is the diameter of the large end of the cone, and D_right is the diameter of the small end of the cone;

[0071] Since the taper calculation formula for the cone is:

[0072]

[0073] where: C is the taper, D is the diameter of the large end of the cone (mm), d is the diameter of the small end of the cone (mm), L is the length of the cone (mm). Therefore, the taper calculation formula is the same as that of the calculation formula of, then in this embodiment

[0074] The adjustment amount of the external cylindrical grinding workbench satisfies the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] When the diameters at both ends of the cylindrical surface of the mandrel are equal, adjust the upper workbench clockwise, and when the indicating value of the dial indicator shows a movement of 0.47 mm, a micro-cone with a ratio of 1:800 can be ground.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Mount the cylinder to be processed on the upper workbench of the cylindrical grinding workbench and test grind the surface of the cylinder; S2. Mark two measuring points along the axial direction on the cylinder to be processed, measure the cylinder diameters at the positions of the two measuring points respectively, and calculate the diameter difference between the two cylinder diameters; S3, measuring the axial distance between two measuring points; S4. Measure the vertical distance between the rotation center of the upper worktable and the dial indicator probe on the cylindrical grinding worktable, and calculate the adjustment value of the upper worktable according to the vertical distance between the two; S5. Calculate the adjustment amount of the cylindrical grinding table according to the diameter difference, the axial distance between the two measuring points and the adjustment value in steps S2-S4, and rotate and adjust the upper table according to the adjustment amount so that the value displayed by the dial indicator is equal to the adjustment amount, thereby completing the precise adjustment of the cylindrical grinding table.

2. The method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the cylindrical body to be processed is a cylinder or a cone.

3. The method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: Two measuring points are marked on the surface of the cylinder to be processed along the axial direction. There is a certain distance between the two measuring points. One measuring point is close to one end of the headstock of the external cylindrical grinding table, and the other measuring point is close to one end of the tailstock of the external cylindrical grinding table. The cylindrical diameters at the positions of the two measuring points are measured respectively, and the diameter difference between the two cylindrical diameters is calculated.

4. The method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the diameter difference between the two cylinder diameters satisfies the following formula: d = D left - D right; Among them, d is the diameter difference, D left is the diameter of the cylinder to be processed close to the end of the external cylindrical grinding workbench headstock, and D right is the diameter of the cylinder to be processed close to the end of the external cylindrical grinding workbench tailstock.

5. The method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the axial distance between the two measuring points is measured by a caliper.

6. The method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table according to any one of claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the adjustment constant of the upper workbench satisfies the following formula: Wherein: K is the adjustment constant, L0 is the vertical distance between the rotation center of the upper workbench and the extension direction of the dial indicator probe.

7. The method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the adjustment amount of the cylindrical grinding table satisfies the following formula: Where: a is the adjustment amount of the cylindrical grinding table, and L is the axial distance between the two measuring points.

8. The method for adjusting a cylindrical grinding table according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, when the adjustment amount a of the cylindrical grinding worktable is a positive value, the upper worktable is adjusted clockwise according to the adjustment amount so that the value displayed by the dial indicator is equal to the adjustment amount, thereby completing the precise adjustment of the grinding worktable; When the adjustment amount a of the cylindrical grinding worktable is a negative value, the upper worktable is adjusted counterclockwise according to the adjustment amount so that the value displayed by the dial indicator is equal to the adjustment amount, thereby completing the precise adjustment of the grinding worktable.

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