Auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of subway shields, in particular to an auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments, which comprises the shield segments, and a mounting mechanism is arranged on the surface of a screw shaft. According to the auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking the shield segments, through the arrangement of the mounting mechanism, the cushion block is mounted and dismounted through the mounting and dismounting seam of the rubber cushion block, the cushion block is communicated with the screw shaft hole and is laterally clamped, the replacement process is simplified, nuts do not need to be dismounted, and during mounting, a positioning pin penetrates through the outer supporting plate, the inner supporting plate and a second positioning hole of the rubber cushion block to determine the mounting angle of the cushion block; when a positioning pin is inserted, a limiting pin is clamped into a limiting hole of the sealing gasket under the action of a second spring, the positioning pin is stabilized, after a nut is locked, a rubber cushion block is firmly fixed, a loading and unloading seam is not separated, a second retaining pin at the tail end of a screw shaft prevents the nut from being separated, all the structures cooperate, and the sealing performance is improved. Component loss is avoided, and the structural stability and practicability of the auxiliary cushion block are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to subway shield tunneling, and particularly to an auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments. Background Art

[0002] Subway shield tunneling is an important construction technology in urban subway construction. It is a construction method for excavating tunnels underground. It uses a subway shield machine to tunnel underground. While preventing the collapse of the soft foundation excavation surface or maintaining the stability of the excavation surface, the tunnel excavation and lining operations can be safely carried out inside the machine. The construction process requires first excavating a shaft or foundation pit at one end of a certain section of the tunnel, lifting and installing the subway shield machine, and the subway shield machine starts tunneling from the opening of the wall of the shaft or foundation pit and advances along the designed tunnel line until it reaches the other shaft or the end point of the tunnel in the tunnel line. Shield segments are the main assembled components in shield tunneling. They are the innermost barrier of the tunnel, bearing the functions of resisting soil pressure, groundwater pressure, and some special loads. Shield segments are the permanent lining structure of shield tunnels. The quality of shield segments is directly related to the overall quality and safety of the tunnel, affecting the waterproof performance and durability of the tunnel. After the segments are produced, they need to be stacked and placed, and it is necessary to protect the segments from rubbing and touching each other. At the same time, in order to facilitate the subsequent transfer and transportation by forklift or crane, a certain interval needs to be reserved between the segments. Therefore, there is a particular need for an auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments.

[0003] However, in the prior art, generally wooden cushion strips are used to pad between the segments. The wooden cushion strips are made of wood. They are easily worn and damaged when pressed by heavy objects on the rough surface. In addition, when the wooden cushion strips are used in the outdoor environment, they are also prone to water swelling, bursting or decay after being exposed to wind and sun, and need to be discarded and replaced after a period of time, resulting in higher use costs and greater waste of wood resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments, so as to solve the problem of high use cost and large waste of wood resources in the prior art, as mentioned in the above background art. By using rubber cushion blocks to replace wooden cushion strips, the present invention has anti-wear and anti-decay properties, longer service life, and the cushion blocks can be replaced individually, reducing the use cost and the consumption of wood resources.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments, including a shield segment, characterized in that a cross hinge seat is placed on the surface of the shield segment, an axle ear is installed on the surface of the cross hinge seat, a positioning mechanism is installed on the surface of the axle ear, a support arm is arranged on the surface of the positioning mechanism, a screw shaft is fixedly connected to the surface of the support arm, a nut is threadedly connected to the surface of the screw shaft, a second anti-retreat pin is arranged at the end of the screw shaft, an outer support plate is sleeved on the surface of the screw shaft, an inner support plate is also sleeved on the surface of the screw shaft, and an installation mechanism is arranged on the surface of the screw shaft; The installation mechanism includes a rubber cushion block, a loading and unloading seam, a sealing washer, a second positioning hole, a positioning pin, a screw, an outer baffle, a locking screw ring, a telescopic hole, a second spring, a limiting pin and a limiting hole. A rubber cushion block is sleeved on the surface of the screw shaft, a loading and unloading seam is opened on one side of the rubber cushion block, sealing washers are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the outer support plate and the inner support plate, second positioning holes are opened on the surfaces of the outer support plate, the inner support plate and the rubber cushion block, a positioning pin penetrates through the interior of the second positioning hole, a screw is installed at the top end of the positioning pin, an outer baffle is installed at the top end of the screw, a locking screw ring is threadedly connected to the surface of the screw, a telescopic hole is opened inside the positioning pin, a second spring is installed at the inner end of the telescopic hole, a limiting pin is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring, and a limiting hole is opened inside the sealing washer.

[0006] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a hinge seat, an installation groove, a hinge ear, a first positioning hole, a first spring, a pulling block, a pin shaft, a first anti-retreat pin and a fixing hole. A hinge seat is fixedly connected to the surface of the axle ear, an installation groove is opened inside the hinge seat, a hinge ear is installed inside the installation groove, a first positioning hole is opened on the surface of the hinge seat, a first spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the first positioning hole, a pulling block is fixedly connected to the outer end of the first spring, a pin shaft is fixedly connected to the inner end of the pulling block, a first anti-retreat pin is arranged at the end of the pin shaft, and a fixing hole is opened on the surface of the hinge ear.

[0007] Preferably, the hinge seat rotates freely relative to the cross hinge seat, and the installed support arm and the cross hinge seat cooperate with each other through the hinge seat to form a folding structure.

[0008] Preferably, the support arm is installed inside the hinge seat through the hinge ear via the installation groove, and the outer wall size of the hinge ear matches the inner wall size of the installation groove.

[0009] Preferably, the pulling block and the pin shaft cooperate with each other through the first spring to form a telescopic structure, and the position of the first positioning hole corresponds to the position of the fixing hole.

[0010] Preferably, there are four identical sets of the support arms, which are respectively oriented in four different directions and perpendicular to each other, and two of them are long support arms and two are short support arms.

[0011] Preferably, the outer support plate and the inner support plate are respectively arranged at the inner and outer ends of the rubber cushion block, playing a role in positioning and strength support for the rubber cushion block.

[0012] Preferably, the peripheral dimensions of the rubber cushion block are larger than those of the outer support plate and the inner support plate, so that the shield segment can be in contact with the rubber cushion block.

[0013] Preferably, multiple sets of second positioning holes are provided on the surfaces of the outer support plate, the inner support plate and the rubber cushion block, and the outer wall dimensions of the positioning pins are matched with the inner wall dimensions of the second positioning holes.

[0014] Preferably, the second spring and the limit pin cooperate with each other to form a telescopic structure. The position of the telescopic hole corresponds to the position of the limit hole, and the outer wall dimensions of the limit pin are matched with the inner wall dimensions of both the telescopic hole and the limit hole.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For the auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments, the rubber cushion block is used to replace the wooden cushion strip, which has anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties and a longer service life. Moreover, the cushion block can be replaced separately, reducing the use cost and the consumption of wood resources.

[0016] 2. For the auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments, four mutually perpendicular support arm structures are provided to support the segments simultaneously from four directions, which is more stable than the two-side support of the wooden cushion strip.

[0017] 3. For the auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments, the four mutually perpendicular support arm structures can rotate freely relative to the cross hinge seat. On the one hand, the angle can be adjusted to be suitable for segments with different arcs, and on the other hand, it can be conveniently folded and stored after use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the mutual cooperation structure between the shield segment and the auxiliary cushion block of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of the appearance of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mutual cooperation structure between the cross hinge seat and the support arm of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the mutual cooperation structure between the support arm and the screw shaft of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the rubber cushion block of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at position A in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, shield segment; 2, cross hinge seat; 3, shaft ear; 4, positioning mechanism; 401, hinge seat; 402, installation groove; 403, hinge ear; 404, first positioning hole; 405, first spring; 406, pull block; 407, pin shaft; 408, first anti-retreat pin; 409, fixing hole; 5, support arm; 6, screw shaft; 7, nut; 8, second anti-retreat pin; 9, outer support plate; 10, inner support plate; 11, installation mechanism; 1101, rubber cushion block; 1102, loading and unloading seam; 1103, sealing washer; 1104, second positioning hole; 1105, positioning pin; 1106, screw; 1107, outer baffle; 1108, locking ring; 1109, telescopic hole; 1110, second spring; 1111, limit pin; 1112, limit hole. Specific embodiments

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments, including a shield segment 1, characterized in that a cross hinge seat 2 is placed on the surface of the shield segment 1, a shaft ear 3 is installed on the surface of the cross hinge seat 2, a positioning mechanism 4 is installed on the surface of the shaft ear 3, a support arm 5 is arranged on the surface of the positioning mechanism 4, a screw shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support arm 5, a nut 7 is threadedly connected to the surface of the screw shaft 6, a second anti-retreat pin 8 is arranged at the end of the screw shaft 6, an outer support plate 9 is sleeved on the surface of the screw shaft 6, an inner support plate 10 is also sleeved on the surface of the screw shaft 6, and an installation mechanism 11 is arranged on the surface of the screw shaft 6; The installation mechanism 11 includes a rubber cushion block 1101, a loading and unloading seam 1102, a sealing washer 1103, a second positioning hole 1104, a positioning pin 1105, a screw rod 1106, an outer baffle 1107, a locking screw ring 1108, a telescopic hole 1109, a second spring 1110, a limit pin 1111 and a limit hole 1112. A rubber cushion block 1101 is sleeved on the surface of the screw rod shaft 6. A loading and unloading seam 1102 is opened on one side of the rubber cushion block 1101. Sealing washers 1103 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10. Second positioning holes 1104 are opened on the surfaces of the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10 and the rubber cushion block 1101. A positioning pin 1105 penetrates through the inside of the second positioning hole 1104. A screw rod 1106 is installed at the top end of the positioning pin 1105. An outer baffle 1107 is installed at the top end of the screw rod 1106. A locking screw ring 1108 is threadedly connected to the surface of the screw rod 1106. A telescopic hole 1109 is opened inside the positioning pin 1105. A second spring 1110 is installed at the inner end of the telescopic hole 1109. One end of the second spring 1110 is fixedly connected to a limit pin 1111. A limit hole 1112 is opened inside the sealing washer 1103. Through the setting of the installation mechanism 11, first, the loading and unloading seam 1102 opened on one side of the rubber cushion block 1101 is used to load and unload the cushion block. Since the loading and unloading seam 1102 communicates with the central screw rod hole, the operator can conveniently install the rubber cushion block 1101 onto the screw rod shaft 6 or remove it from the screw rod shaft 6 by means of lateral engagement, greatly simplifying the process of replacing the cushion block without having to completely disassemble the nut 7 as in the past. During the installation process, the second positioning holes 1104 on the surfaces of the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10 and the rubber cushion block 1101 play a key role. The positioning pin 1105 penetrates through these second positioning holes 1104 to determine the installation angle of the rubber cushion block 1101 and ensure its accurate positioning. The screw rod 1106 installed at the top end of the positioning pin 1105 has a locking screw ring 1108 threadedly connected to its surface. When the locking screw ring 1108 is rotated, the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10 and the rubber cushion block 1101 can be gradually and tightly fixed together. At the same time, the sealing washers 1103 fixedly connected to the surfaces of the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10 can enhance the sealing performance of the connection part, prevent impurities such as dust and water vapor from entering, and protect the internal structure. A telescopic hole 1109 is opened inside the positioning pin 1105, and the second spring 1110 installed at the inner end is connected to the limit pin 1111, while a limit hole 1112 is opened inside the sealing washer 1103. During the process of inserting the positioning pin 1105 into the second positioning hole 1104, the limit pin 1111 can automatically snap into the limit hole 1112 under the elastic force of the second spring 1110, further stabilizing the position of the positioning pin 1105 and preventing it from accidentally loosening or displacing during use. In this way, after the nut 7 is tightened, the rubber cushion block 1101 is firmly fixed between the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10 and will not disengage from the loading and unloading seam 1102. Coupled with the second anti-back-off pin 8 provided at the end of the screw rod shaft 6,It can effectively prevent the nut 7 from detaching from the screw shaft 6. Each structure collaborates closely and always maintains integrity, avoiding the problem of structural component loss, and significantly improving the stability and practicality of the auxiliary cushion block structure for stacking shield segments.

[0022] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism 4 includes a hinge seat 401, an installation groove 402, a hinge ear 403, a first positioning hole 404, a first spring 405, a pull block 406, a pin shaft 407, a first anti-withdrawal pin 408, and a fixing hole 409. The surface of the shaft ear 3 is fixedly connected with the hinge seat 401. The inside of the hinge seat 401 is provided with the installation groove 402. The inside of the installation groove 402 is installed with the hinge ear 403. The surface of the hinge seat 401 is provided with the first positioning hole 404. The outside of the first positioning hole 404 is fixedly connected with the first spring 405. The outer end of the first spring 405 is fixedly connected with the pull block 406. The inner end of the pull block 406 is fixedly connected with the pin shaft 407. The end of the pin shaft 407 is provided with the first anti-withdrawal pin 408. The surface of the hinge ear 403 is provided with the fixing hole 409. Through the setting of the positioning mechanism 4, in the initial state, the first spring 405 is in a natural state. Under the action of the first spring 405, the end of the pin shaft 407 is inserted into the fixing hole 409 on the surface of the hinge ear 403. At this time, the first anti-withdrawal pin 408 on the pin shaft 407 can prevent the pin shaft 407 from accidentally coming out of the fixing hole 409, thus ensuring the relative fixation of the hinge ear 403 and the hinge seat 401 and realizing the stable installation of the support arm 5 at this position. When the position of the support arm 5 needs to be adjusted or disassembled, the operator pulls the pull block 406 outwards. The movement of the pull block 406 will drive the pin shaft 407 fixedly connected to it to move outwards synchronously. At the same time, the first spring 405 is stretched, generating elastic deformation and storing elastic potential energy. As the pin shaft 407 moves outwards, its end gradually withdraws from the fixing hole 409 of the hinge ear 403, releasing the locking of the hinge ear 403. At this time, the hinge ear 403 can rotate or move freely in the installation groove 402, so as to realize the adjustment of the position of the support arm 5. The operator can adjust the support arm 5 to a suitable position according to actual needs, so that the fixing hole 409 on the hinge ear 403 is aligned with the first positioning hole 404 on the hinge seat 401 again. After the position adjustment is completed, the operator releases the pull block 406. Due to the elastic action of the first spring 405, it will return to the natural state, driving the pull block 406 and the pin shaft 407 to move inwards. The pin shaft 407 will be inserted into the fixing hole 409 of the hinge ear 403 again, fixing the hinge ear 403 and the hinge seat 401 together again, and the support arm 5 is positioned at the new position. In this way, the positioning mechanism 4 can conveniently and quickly realize the installation, position adjustment and disassembly of the support arm 5, and can ensure the stability of the support arm 5 after positioning, meeting the use requirements in actual work.

[0023] Furthermore, the hinge seat 401 can rotate freely relative to the cross hinge seat 2, and after installation, the support arm 5 and the cross hinge seat 2 cooperate with each other through the hinge seat 401 to form a folding structure. The setting of the hinge seat 401 endows the entire auxiliary cushion structure with excellent flexibility and foldability. Since the hinge seat 401 can rotate freely relative to the cross hinge seat 2, when the stacking scenario of the shield segments changes or the equipment needs to be stored and transported, the support arm 5 installed on the hinge seat 401 can rotate flexibly accordingly. The support arm 5 and the hinge seat 401, cross hinge seat 2 cooperate with each other to form a folding structure, and the operator can easily fold and retract the support arm 5 towards the cross hinge seat 2. This not only greatly saves space and facilitates the storage and handling of the equipment in a limited space, but also enables quick adjustment of the extension state of the support arm 5 according to actual needs in a complex construction environment, improving the adaptability of the equipment and ensuring the efficient progress of the shield segment stacking operation.

[0024] Furthermore, the support arm 5 is installed inside the hinge seat 401 through the hinge ear 403 via the installation groove 402, and the outer wall dimension of the hinge ear 403 matches the inner wall dimension of the installation groove 402. The setting of the installation groove 402 and the hinge ear 403 provides a stable and precise structural basis for the installation and rotation of the support arm 5. The matching of the outer wall dimension of the hinge ear 403 and the inner wall dimension of the installation groove 402 enables the hinge ear 403 to be installed tightly and smoothly inside the installation groove 402. When installing the support arm 5, this precise fit ensures the accuracy and convenience of the installation process and reduces the installation error. During use, the hinge ear 403 can rotate smoothly inside the installation groove 402, providing a reliable guarantee for adjusting the angle of the support arm 5. At the same time, the tight fit also enhances the structural stability. When the support arm 5 bears the gravity of the shield segments and other external forces, it can effectively prevent the hinge ear 403 from shaking or shifting, ensuring the stable operation of the entire auxiliary cushion structure and providing a reliable support for the shield segment stacking.

[0025] Furthermore, the pulling block 406 and the pin shaft 407 cooperate with each other through the first spring 405 to form a telescopic structure. The position of the first positioning hole 404 corresponds to the position of the fixing hole 409. Through the settings of the first positioning hole 404, the first spring 405, the pulling block 406, the pin shaft 407 and the fixing hole 409, the convenient and stable adjustment of the installation angle of the support arm 5 is realized. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the support arm 5, the operator pulls the pulling block 406, and the first spring 405 is stretched. The pin shaft 407 is withdrawn from the first positioning hole 404 and the fixing hole 409. At this time, the hinge ear 403 and the support arm 5 can rotate freely. After rotating to the appropriate angle, the pulling block 406 is released, and the first spring 405 restores its elastic deformation, driving the pin shaft 407 to insert into the corresponding first positioning hole 404 and fixing hole 409, locking the support arm 5 at this angle. The positions of the first positioning hole 404 and the fixing hole 409 correspond to ensure that the pin shaft 407 can be accurately inserted to achieve precise positioning. This design enables the operator to quickly adjust the angle of the support arm 5 according to the requirements of the shield segment stacking, and the support arm 5 is not easily changed in angle due to external forces after being locked, ensuring the stability and reliability of the auxiliary cushion block structure under different working conditions.

[0026] Furthermore, there are four identical sets of support arms 5, which are respectively oriented in four different directions and are perpendicular to each other. Two of them are long support arms 5, and two are short support arms 5. Through the setting of the support arms 5, the diverse support requirements during the stacking process of the shield segments 1 are met. The four sets of support arms 5 are respectively oriented in four different directions and are perpendicular to each other. The combined design of two long support arms and two short support arms can adapt to shield segments 1 of different sizes and shapes. When stacking larger-sized segments, the long support arms can provide a wider support range to ensure uniform force on the segments. For smaller-sized segments, the short support arms can flexibly adjust the support position to improve space utilization. The support arm layout in different directions can support the shield segments 1 from multiple directions, enhancing the overall structural stability. Whether the shield segments 1 are placed horizontally or obliquely, the support arms 5 can provide stable support for the segments through reasonable angle adjustment, effectively avoiding situations such as displacement, tilt, or even collapse of the segments during the stacking process, ensuring construction safety and efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10 are padded at the inner and outer ends of the rubber cushion block 1101, playing a role in positioning and strength support for the rubber cushion block 1101. Through the arrangement of the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10, the positioning accuracy and bearing strength of the rubber cushion block 1101 are significantly improved. The outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10 are padded at the inner and outer ends of the rubber cushion block 1101. When installing the rubber cushion block 1101, they can accurately define the position of the rubber cushion block 1101, preventing it from displacing or rotating on the screw shaft 6, ensuring that the rubber cushion block 1101 is always in the correct working position. After the shield segment is placed on the rubber cushion block 1101, the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10 can evenly disperse the pressure of the segment onto the rubber cushion block 1101. At the same time, they have a certain strength themselves, providing additional support for the rubber cushion block 1101, enhancing the bearing capacity of the entire structure. This enables the rubber cushion block 1101 to be not easily deformed or damaged when bearing the gravity of the shield segment, extending the service life of the rubber cushion block 1101, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the support of the auxiliary cushion structure for the shield segment.

[0028] Furthermore, the peripheral dimensions of the rubber cushion block 1101 are larger than those of the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10, enabling the shield segment 1 to come into contact with the rubber cushion block 1101. Through the arrangement of the rubber cushion block 1101, buffer protection and anti-slip functions are provided for the shield segment. The peripheral dimensions of the rubber cushion block 1101 are larger than those of the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10, ensuring that the shield segment directly contacts the rubber cushion block 1101. The rubber material has good elasticity. When the shield segment is placed on the cushion structure, it can effectively buffer the impact force between the segment and the auxiliary cushion structure, reducing the occurrence of cracks, breakages, etc. on the segment caused by collisions. At the same time, the surface friction of the rubber cushion block 1101 is relatively large, which can increase the friction between the shield segment and the cushion block, preventing the segment from sliding due to vibration or other external forces during the stacking process, improving the safety and stability of the shield segment stacking. In addition, the rubber cushion block 1101 can also adapt to a certain degree of unevenness on the segment surface and closely fit the segment surface through its own elastic deformation, further enhancing the support effect.

[0029] Furthermore, multiple groups of second positioning holes 1104 are provided on the surfaces of the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10, and the rubber cushion block 1101. The outer wall dimension of the positioning pin 1105 matches the inner wall dimension of the second positioning hole 1104. Through the arrangement of the second positioning hole 1104 and the positioning pin 1105, precise adjustment and stable fixation of the installation angle of the rubber cushion block 1101 are achieved. Multiple groups of second positioning holes 1104 are provided on the surfaces of the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10, and the rubber cushion block 1101, and the outer wall dimension of the positioning pin 1105 matches the inner wall dimension of the second positioning hole 1104. When installing the rubber cushion block 1101, the operator can insert the positioning pin 1105 into the second positioning holes 1104 at different positions according to actual needs, thereby accurately adjusting the angle of the rubber cushion block 1101 relative to the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10. After the positioning pin 1105 is inserted, the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10, and the rubber cushion block 1101 can be tightly connected together, preventing the rubber cushion block 1101 from rotating or displacing due to force during use. This precise positioning and fixation method ensure that the rubber cushion block 1101 can work stably under different working conditions, provide reliable support and protection for the shield segment, and improve the overall performance and applicability of the auxiliary cushion block structure.

[0030] Furthermore, the second spring 1110 and the limit pin 1111 cooperate with each other to form a telescopic structure. The position of the telescopic hole 1109 corresponds to the position of the limit hole 1112, and the outer wall dimension of the limit pin 1111 matches the inner wall dimensions of both the telescopic hole 1109 and the limit hole 1112. Through the arrangement of the telescopic hole 1109, the second spring 1110, the limit pin 1111, and the limit hole 1112, the stability of the positioning pin 1105 after installation is further enhanced. After the positioning pin 1105 is inserted into the second positioning hole 1104, the limit pin 1111 pops out from the telescopic hole 1109 and inserts into the limit hole 1112 under the action of the second spring 1110. The telescopic hole 1109 corresponds to the position of the limit hole 1112, and the outer wall dimension of the limit pin 1111 matches the inner wall dimensions of both, enabling the limit pin 1111 to tightly embed in the limit hole 1112 and preventing the positioning pin 1105 from loosening or coming out due to vibration or other external forces during use. When the positioning pin 1105 needs to be disassembled, apply a certain external force to overcome the elastic force of the second spring 1110 and press the limit pin 1111 back into the telescopic hole 1109, then the positioning pin 1105 can be smoothly pulled out. This design not only ensures the firm installation of the positioning pin 1105 but also takes into account the convenience of disassembly, ensuring the stability of the connection between the rubber cushion block 1101 and the outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10, and providing a strong guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the auxiliary cushion block structure for shield segment stacking.

[0031] Working principle: First, when preparing to stack shield segments, according to the size and shape of the segments, the operator first adjusts the angle and position of the support arm 5 through the positioning mechanism 4, pulls the pull block 406, so that the pin shaft 407 is withdrawn from the fixed hole 409, rotates the support arm 5 to an appropriate angle and then releases the pull block 406, and the pin shaft 407 is inserted again to complete the positioning. Since the hinge seat 401 can rotate freely relative to the cross hinge seat 2, if the on-site space is narrow or there are special stacking requirements, the support arm 5 can be flexibly rotated, and even folded and retracted towards the cross hinge seat 2, and then unfolded when the working environment permits. After determining the state of the support arm 5, start installing the rubber cushion block 1101. Using the loading and unloading seam 1102, it is installed on the screw shaft 6 through lateral clamping. Subsequently, the positioning pin 1105 penetrates the second positioning holes 1104 on the surfaces of the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10 and the rubber cushion block 1101, and the positioning holes at appropriate positions are selected according to actual needs to determine the installation angle of the rubber cushion block 1101. Rotate the locking ring 1108 to tightly fix the outer support plate 9, the inner support plate 10 and the rubber cushion block 1101. At the same time, the sealing washer 1103 enhances the connection tightness. At this time, the limit pin 1111 is clamped into the limit hole 1112 under the action of the second spring 1110 to further stably position the positioning pin 1105. Finally, tighten the nut 7, and the second anti-withdrawal pin 8 prevents the nut from detaching from the screw shaft 6. When the shield segment is placed on the auxiliary cushion block structure, the rubber cushion block 1101 buffers the impact force between the segment and the cushion block by its own elasticity. Its large surface friction prevents the segment from sliding, and it can fit the uneven surface of the segment. The outer support plate 9 and the inner support plate 10 evenly disperse the segment pressure onto the rubber cushion block 1101 and provide strength support. The four groups of support arms 5 support the segments from different directions. The long support arms are used for large-size segments, and the short support arms are adapted to small-size segments, ensuring uniform force on the segments and preventing displacement, inclination and other situations. During the operation, if it is found that the rubber cushion block 1101 is worn and needs to be replaced, it can be taken out laterally using the loading and unloading seam 1102 without disassembling the nut 7. If it is necessary to adjust the position of the support arm 5 to adapt to the new segment stacking layout, just operate the positioning mechanism 4 again. The entire auxiliary cushion block structure serves the shield segment stacking operation efficiently and stably through the coordinated operation of each component, improves the construction efficiency and ensures the construction safety. In this way, the use process of an auxiliary cushion block structure for shield segment stacking is completed.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments, comprising a shield segment (1), characterized in that: A cross hinge seat (2) is placed on the surface of the shield segment (1), an axial ear (3) is installed on the surface of the cross hinge seat (2), a positioning mechanism (4) is installed on the surface of the axial ear (3), a support arm (5) is arranged on the surface of the positioning mechanism (4), a screw shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support arm (5), a nut (7) is threadedly connected to the surface of the screw shaft (6), a second stop pin (8) is arranged at the end of the screw shaft (6), an outer support plate (9) is sleeved on the surface of the screw shaft (6), an inner support plate (10) is also sleeved on the surface of the screw shaft (6), and a mounting mechanism (11) is arranged on the surface of the screw shaft (6); The mounting mechanism (11) comprises a rubber pad (1101), a loading and unloading seam (1102), a sealing gasket (1103), a second positioning hole (1104), a positioning pin (1105), a screw (1106), an outer baffle plate (1107), a locking screw ring (1108), a telescopic hole (1109), a second spring (1110), a limiting pin (1111) and a limiting hole (1112); the surface of the screw shaft (6) is sleeved with a rubber pad (1101); a loading and unloading seam (1102) is provided on one side of the rubber pad (1101); the surfaces of the outer support plate (9) and the inner support plate (10) are fixedly connected with sealing gaskets (1103); the outer support plate (9), the inner support plate (10) and the rubber pad A second positioning hole (1104) is provided on the surface of each of the plurality of bearings (1101), a positioning pin (1105) is passed through the inside of the second positioning hole (1104), a screw (1106) is installed at the top end of the positioning pin (1105), an outer baffle (1107) is installed at the top end of the screw (1106), a locking screw ring (1108) is threadedly connected to the surface of the screw (1106), a telescopic hole (1109) is provided on the inner side of the positioning pin (1105), a second spring (1110) is installed at the inner end of the telescopic hole (1109), one end of the second spring (1110) is fixedly connected to a limiting pin (1111), and a limiting hole (1112) is provided on the inner side of the sealing gasket (1103).

2. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (4) comprises an articulated seat (401), a mounting groove (402), an articulated ear (403), a first positioning hole (404), a first spring (405), a pull block (406), a pin shaft (407), a first stop pin (408) and a fixing hole (409); the surface of the shaft ear (3) is fixedly connected to the articulated seat (401); the interior of the articulated seat (401) is provided with an installation groove (402); the interior of the installation groove (402) is provided with an articulated ear ( 403), a first positioning hole (404) is provided on the surface of the hinge seat (401), a first spring (405) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first positioning hole (404), a pull block (406) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the first spring (405), a pin shaft (407) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the pull block (406), a first stop pin (408) is provided at the end of the pin shaft (407), and a fixing hole (409) is provided on the surface of the hinge ear (403).

3. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hinge seat (401) is freely rotatable relative to the cross hinge seat (2), and the installed support arm (5) cooperates with the cross hinge seat (2) to form a folding structure.

4. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support arm (5) is installed inside the hinge seat (401) via the hinge ear (403) and the installation groove (402), and the outer wall size of the hinge ear (403) matches the inner wall size of the installation groove (402).

5. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pulling block (406) cooperates with the pin shaft (407) through the first spring (405) to form a telescopic structure, and the position of the first positioning hole (404) corresponds to the position of the fixing hole (409).

6. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support arms (5) are provided in four identical groups, facing four different directions respectively and perpendicular to each other, and two are long support arms (5) and two are short support arms (5).

7. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer support plate (9) and the inner support plate (10) are arranged at the inner and outer ends of the rubber pad (1101) to provide positioning and strength support for the rubber pad (1101).

8. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dimensions of the rubber pad (1101) are larger than the dimensions of the outer support plate (9) and the inner support plate (10), so that the shield segment (1) can contact the rubber pad (1101).

9. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second positioning holes (1104) are provided in multiple groups on the surfaces of the outer support plate (9), the inner support plate (10) and the rubber pad (1101), and the outer wall dimensions of the positioning pins (1105) match the inner wall dimensions of the second positioning holes (1104).

10. The auxiliary spacer structure for stacking shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second spring (1110) and the limiting pin (1111) cooperate with each other to form a telescopic structure; the position of the telescopic hole (1109) corresponds to the position of the limiting hole (1112); and the outer wall size of the limiting pin (1111) matches the inner wall size of the telescopic hole (1109) and the limiting hole (1112).

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