Modified polypropylene fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a modified polypropylene fiber and a preparation method thereof, the polypropylene fiber comprises a polypropylene fiber and a plurality of hydrophilic groups distributed on the surface of the polypropylene fiber, and the water absorption rate of the modified polypropylene fiber is 0.4%-0.5%. Compared with the prior art, the modified polypropylene fiber provided by the invention has excellent mechanical property and excellent hydrophilic property, and the moisture absorption and wetting ability of the fiber is remarkably enhanced. More importantly, the modified fiber can keep stable hydrophilic performance for a long time. In addition, the modified polypropylene fiber disclosed by the invention has potential value and application prospect in multiple application fields such as textile industry, preparation of efficient filtering materials, development of medical dressings and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer material preparation, and particularly relates to a modified polypropylene fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polypropylene fibers have been widely used in many fields such as textiles, filtration materials, and medical and health materials due to their advantages of light weight, high strength, good elasticity, corrosion resistance, and non-pilling. However, polypropylene fibers also have some inherent disadvantages that limit their further promotion and application.

[0003] Firstly, the hydrophilicity of polypropylene fibers is poor. Since the polypropylene molecular chain does not contain polar groups, its surface energy is low, resulting in difficulty for water molecules to wet its surface, thus affecting the application effect of polypropylene fibers in fields such as water treatment and filtration materials. Especially in occasions where fiber materials are required to have good wettability and water absorption, the insufficient hydrophilicity of polypropylene fibers has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0004] Secondly, the modification methods of polypropylene fibers are relatively complex. In order to improve the hydrophilicity of polypropylene fibers, traditional modification methods often require the introduction of complex chemical reaction steps, such as graft copolymerization and crosslinking modification. These methods are not only cumbersome to operate but also costly, which is not conducive to industrial production.

[0005] In addition, the stability of polypropylene fibers is also insufficient. During long-term use, polypropylene fibers are easily affected by factors such as light and oxidation, resulting in performance degradation and affecting their service life and reliability.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a polypropylene fiber with good hydrophilicity, a simple modification method, and good stability has become an urgent technical problem in the current field of polymer materials technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modified polypropylene fiber, which, while maintaining the original excellent mechanical properties of polypropylene, achieves good hydrophilicity through modification technology and can stably maintain this hydrophilic effect for a long time.

[0008] To achieve this purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] There is provided a modified polypropylene fiber, comprising polypropylene fibers and a plurality of hydrophilic groups distributed on the surface of the polypropylene fibers, and the water absorption rate of the modified polypropylene fiber is 0.4% - 0.5%.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrophilic groups are at least one of hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amide groups.

[0011] Preferably, the wetting angle of the modified polypropylene fiber is 30° to 50°.

[0012] Preferably, the modified layer further comprises a hydrophilic auxiliary agent, and the hydrophilic auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a surfactant and hydrophilic nanoparticles.

[0013] Preferably, the surfactant is at least one of fatty acid polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene ether, silane coupling agent, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and alkyl polyoxyethylene ether; the hydrophilic nanoparticles are at least one of nano-silica, polyacrylic acid nanoparticles and nano-aluminum oxide.

[0014] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the modified polypropylene fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Mix the polypropylene resin with a hydrophilic comonomer, wherein the hydrophilic comonomer comprises at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, methyl methacrylate, vinyl pyridine, dicarbonyl pyrrole, N-hexanepropionamide and polyalkylene glycol;

[0016] Step 2: Prepare by melt spinning to obtain the modified polypropylene fiber.

[0017] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the modified polypropylene fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Perform low-temperature plasma treatment on the polypropylene fiber in a plasma generator for 5 to 10 minutes;

[0019] Step 2: Introduce an oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing gas into the plasma generator to obtain the modified polypropylene fiber.

[0020] Preferably, in Step 1, the time of the low-temperature plasma treatment is 5 to 10 minutes, and the temperature is 27°C to 227°C.

[0021] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the modified polypropylene fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Coat the surface of the polypropylene fiber with an initiator, wherein the initiator comprises at least one of benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, lauroyl peroxide and tert-butyl peroxide;

[0023] Step 2: Immerse the coated polypropylene fiber in a polymerization solution, wash with water and dry to obtain the modified polypropylene fiber.

[0024] Preferably, in Step 1, the polymerization solution comprises at least one of polypropylene and maleic acid.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The modified polypropylene fiber proposed by the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and excellent hydrophilic characteristics, and significantly enhances the moisture absorption and wetting ability of the fiber. Particularly importantly, the modified fiber can permanently maintain its stable hydrophilic property. In addition, the modified polypropylene fiber of the present invention has potential value and application prospects in multiple application fields such as the textile industry, the preparation of high-efficiency filter materials, and the development of medical dressings. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will, in conjunction with specific embodiments, clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a modified polypropylene fiber, which includes a polypropylene fiber and a plurality of hydrophilic groups distributed on the surface of the polypropylene fiber. The water absorption rate of the modified polypropylene fiber is 0.4% - 0.5%. On the basis of maintaining the original excellent mechanical properties of polypropylene, through modification technology, good hydrophilicity is achieved, and this hydrophilic effect can be stably maintained for a long time.

[0028] In an embodiment according to the present invention, the hydrophilic group is at least one of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and an amide group. The hydrophilic groups form a uniform and stable modified layer on the surface of the polypropylene fiber. The hydrophilic groups enhance the binding ability of the fiber with water molecules through hydrogen bond action, enabling the originally hydrophobic polypropylene fiber to have functions such as moisture absorption and quick drying, and thus can be better applied to moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fabrics, medical non-woven fabrics, liquid filtration materials, etc.

[0029] In an embodiment according to the present invention, the wetting angle of the modified polypropylene fiber is 30° - 50°. Controlling the wetting angle of the modified polypropylene fiber within 30° - 50° indicates a significant improvement in its surface hydrophilicity. A lower wetting angle means that the fiber can be quickly wetted by water, significantly enhancing the moisture absorption rate, enabling textiles to quickly absorb and spread moisture when contacting sweat, and keeping the skin dry and comfortable, especially suitable for scenarios such as sportswear; the hydrophilic surface forms a conductive network by adsorbing water molecules, which can also reduce the surface resistance of the fiber and reduce static charge accumulation, providing safety guarantees for fields such as the protection of electronic devices. This precise regulation of the wetting angle range enables the modified polypropylene fiber to exhibit significant advantages in functional textiles, composite materials, and special industrial applications.

[0030] In one embodiment according to the present invention, the modified layer further comprises a hydrophilic auxiliary agent, and the hydrophilic auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a surfactant and hydrophilic nanoparticles. Introducing the hydrophilic auxiliary agent into the modified layer can further improve the modification effect.

[0031] In one embodiment according to the present invention, the surfactant is at least one of fatty acid polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene ether, silane coupling agent, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and alkyl polyoxyethylene ether; the hydrophilic nanoparticles are at least one of nano-silica, polyacrylic acid nanoparticles and nano-aluminum oxide.

[0032] In the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for preparing modified polypropylene fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Mix polypropylene resin with a hydrophilic comonomer, wherein the hydrophilic comonomer comprises at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, methyl methacrylate, vinyl pyridine, dicarbonyl pyrrole, N-hexanepropionamide and polyalkylene glycol;

[0034] Step 2: Prepare by melt spinning to obtain modified polypropylene fibers.

[0035] In the third aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for preparing modified polypropylene fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Perform low-temperature plasma treatment on the polypropylene fibers in a plasma generator for 5-10 min;

[0037] Step 2: Introduce an oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing gas into the plasma generator to obtain modified polypropylene fibers.

[0038] In one embodiment according to the present invention, in Step 1, the time of low-temperature plasma treatment is 5-10 min, and the temperature is 27°C to 227°C.

[0039] In the fourth aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for preparing modified polypropylene fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Coat the surface of the polypropylene fibers with an initiator, wherein the initiator comprises at least one of benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, lauroyl peroxide and tert-butyl peroxide;

[0041] Step 2: Immerse the coated polypropylene fibers in a polymerization solution, wash with water and dry to obtain modified polypropylene fibers.

[0042] In one embodiment according to the present invention, in Step 1, the polymerization solution comprises at least one of polypropylene and maleic acid.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Preparation of modified polypropylene fiber:

[0046] Step 1: Mix polypropylene resin with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;

[0047] Step 2: Prepare by melt spinning method to obtain modified polypropylene fiber.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Preparation of modified polypropylene fiber:

[0050] Step 1: Perform low-temperature plasma treatment on polypropylene fiber in a plasma generator for 8 minutes;

[0051] Step 2: Introduce oxygen into the plasma generator to obtain modified polypropylene fiber.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Step 1: Coat the surface of polypropylene fiber with benzoyl peroxide;

[0054] Step 2: Immerse the coated polypropylene fiber in a polymerization solution, wash with water and dry to obtain modified polypropylene fiber.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] Directly use commercially available polypropylene fiber.

[0057] Performance test:

[0058] Perform hydrophilicity tests on the polypropylene fibers of the examples and the comparative example, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1

[0060] Group Water Absorption Rate / % Wetting Angle / ° Example 1 0.43 38 Example 2 0.45 36 Example 3 0.41 39 Comparative Example 1 0.05 120

[0061] As can be seen from Table 1, the water absorption data and wetting angles of Examples 1 to 3 are more hydrophilic than those of Comparative Example 1. It shows that the modified polypropylene fiber of the present application realizes good hydrophilicity through modification technology on the basis of maintaining the original excellent mechanical properties of polypropylene, and can stably maintain this hydrophilic effect for a long time.

[0062] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains are also able to make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or variations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A modified polypropylene fiber, characterized in that: The modified polypropylene fiber comprises polypropylene fibers and a plurality of hydrophilic groups distributed on the surface of the polypropylene fibers. The water absorption rate of the modified polypropylene fibers is 0.4% to 0.5%.

2. The modified polypropylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrophilic group is at least one of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group and an amide group.

3. The modified polypropylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The wetting angle of the modified polypropylene fiber is 30° to 50°.

4. The modified polypropylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The modified layer further includes a hydrophilic auxiliary agent, and the hydrophilic auxiliary agent includes at least one of a surfactant and hydrophilic nanoparticles.

5. The modified polypropylene fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The surfactant is at least one of fatty acid polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene ether, silane coupling agent, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and alkyl polyoxyethylene ether; the hydrophilic nanoparticles are at least one of nano silicon dioxide, polyacrylic acid nanoparticles and nano aluminum oxide.

6. A method for preparing modified polypropylene fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: mixing a polypropylene resin with a hydrophilic comonomer, wherein the hydrophilic comonomer comprises at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, methyl methacrylate, vinyl pyridine, dicarbonyl pyrrole, N-hexamethylene amide and polyalkylene glycol; Step 2: Prepare modified polypropylene fiber by melt spinning.

7. A method for preparing modified polypropylene fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: subjecting the polypropylene fiber to low-temperature plasma treatment in a plasma generator for 5 to 10 minutes; Step 2: introducing oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing gas into the plasma generator to obtain modified polypropylene fiber.

8. The method for preparing modified polypropylene fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 1, the low temperature plasma treatment is performed for 5 to 10 minutes at a temperature of 27° C. to 227° C.

9. A method for preparing modified polypropylene fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: coating the surface of the polypropylene fiber with an initiator, wherein the initiator comprises at least one of benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, lauroyl peroxide and tert-butyl peroxide; Step 2: soaking the coated polypropylene fiber in a polymerization solution, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified polypropylene fiber.

10. The method for preparing modified polypropylene fiber according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step 1, the polymerization solution includes at least one of polypropylene and maleic acid.