An anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of textile fabrics, and discloses an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and a preparation method thereof, including a base fabric in the middle and an antibacterial functional layer distributed on the outer side of the base fabric, and an adhesion layer is provided between the antibacterial functional layer and the base fabric; further comprising: the base fabric is formed by cross-weaving a base warp, a first weft and a second weft; the first weft and the second weft in each group are positioned by a functional warp, the functional warp is parallel to the base warp, and every two functional warps are located between adjacent base warps, wherein fluff filaments are provided on both the base warp, the first weft and the second weft, and adjacent fluff filaments are cross-linked by twisting. By setting the two-way shape memory fiber, the contraction property due to its temperature sensitivity is used to achieve the gathering of the fabric, reduce the pores of the fabric, and achieve the anti-fouling use of the fabric due to its high density. At the same time, under the high-temperature expansion, the pores of the fabric are opened, improving the air permeability and facilitating the cleaning of the fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of textile fabrics, and specifically relates to an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] The application of textile fabrics has direct differences according to the corresponding usage scenarios. Fabrics prepared using different material fibers and different production processes will also affect their inherent usage characteristics due to process and material differences, thus having different characteristic functions. For example, the high density, high antibacterial property, and high ventilation that distinguish ordinary textile fabrics will also lead to an increase in the production cost of textile fabrics when they possess characteristic functions.

[0003] For example, in order to improve the anti-fouling and antibacterial characteristic functions of existing textile fabrics, outside the basic fabric layer of the textile fabric, through the immersion of chemical agents or the selection of graphene fibers to replace the original polyester fibers, after the fabric is formed, the adhesion of dirt on the outer side of the fabric is reduced. At the same time, with the setting of graphene material, the reproduction ability of bacteria on the textile fabric can be greatly reduced. However, only through the setting of fiber materials and chemical agents to achieve anti-fouling and antibacterial properties, in the actual use process, due to changes in environmental factors, the continuous usability of its anti-fouling and antibacterial properties is not strong. Especially when the fabric is applied to the environmental factors of special regions, such as temperature influence, it will cause an impact on the material property activity of the fabric, thereby affecting the function of the textile fabric in use and its anti-fouling and antibacterial properties.

[0004] In view of the above problems, an innovative design is carried out on the basis of the original anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technique that the existing anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric has poor continuous usability of its anti-fouling and antibacterial properties in the actual use process. Especially when the fabric is applied to the environmental factors of special regions, such as temperature influence, it will cause an impact on the material property activity of the fabric, thereby affecting the function of the textile fabric in use and its anti-fouling and antibacterial properties.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric includes a base fabric in the middle and an antibacterial functional layer distributed outside the base fabric, and an adhesion layer is provided between the antibacterial functional layer and the base fabric;

[0007] It further includes: The base fabric is formed by cross-weaving basic warp threads with the first weft thread and the second weft thread, wherein a single first weft thread and a single second weft thread are set as a group, and the first weft thread and the second weft thread of adjacent two groups are distributed in a staggered manner;

[0008] The first and second weft threads of each group are positioned by functional warps, which are parallel to the basic warps, and every two functional warps are located between adjacent basic warps. The basic warps and the first and second weft threads are all provided with velvet threads, and the adjacent velvet threads are cross-connected by twisting.

[0009] Preferably, the base fabric as a whole improves the adhesion stability of the adhesion layer and the antibacterial functional layer due to the velvet fibers, wherein the adhesion layer is formed by grafting an aminosilane coupling agent onto the surface of the base fabric to enhance the coating adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer.

[0010] Preferably, the antibacterial functional layer is formed by dispersing graphene and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide in waterborne polyurethane.

[0011] Preferably, the basic warp threads are formed by spirally cross-distributing the first polyester fiber and the first functional fiber, wherein the ratio of the first polyester fiber to the first functional fiber is set to 1:1.

[0012] Preferably, both the first weft and the second weft are formed by mechanically twisting the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber, wherein the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber are cross-linked by pile yarns.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of the functional warp is smaller than that of the basic warp, wherein the functional warp is located in the gaps formed between adjacent groups of first wefts and second wefts, and the outer pile yarns of the second wefts in the gaps are cross-connected.

[0014] Preferably, the first functional fiber, the second functional fiber and the functional warp are made of two-way shape memory fiber, which can reversibly expand and deform at a temperature between 60 and 100 degrees Celsius, and shrink and return to its original shape when the temperature is cooled.

[0015] Preferably, the velvet yarn is arranged through a two-way shape memory fiber material to achieve the shrinkage and gathering of the fabric, thereby improving the overall density and anti-fouling performance of the fabric.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1: First, melt spinning is used to form the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber and short fibers of the same material. Then, using the electrostatic flocking process, when the main fiber is not completely solidified, the short fibers of the same material are implanted into the fiber surface using an electrostatic field and fixed with an adhesive. The short fibers of the same material are used as flocking yarns; thereby, the first functional fiber and the second functional fiber of the two-way shape memory fiber material are prepared. The functional warp yarn is directly selected from the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber.

[0018] S2: Perform the flocking operation on the outer side of the polyester fiber using the mechanical flocking method; prepare the first polyester fiber and the second polyester fiber;

[0019] S3: Then, form the first weft and the second weft composed of the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber through mechanical kneading; and form the basic warp by helically winding and knitting the first polyester fiber and the first functional fiber;

[0020] S4: Using the first weft and the second weft as the main body of the weft, sequentially add the basic warp, and weave the basic warp with the first weft and the second weft in a cross form. Use the functional warp as the auxiliary weft to position the first weft and the second weft. After tightly pressing the first weft, the second weft, the basic warp, and the functional warp, process the fabric with the mechanical kneading process to improve the stability of the cross-linking of the fluff filaments. At the same time, set the weaving environment temperature to the expansion temperature of the two-way shape memory fiber at 60 degrees Celsius to form a stable base fabric;

[0021] S5: Graft the amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric fibers to enhance the adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer. The preparation of the antibacterial functional layer disperses graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) in waterborne polyurethane, ultrasonically treat for 30 minutes, and use the spraying process to form a uniform coating on the surface of the base fabric and dry it at 60 °C.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: For this anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and its preparation method, through the molecular material design, the two-way shape memory fiber undergoes reversible expansion deformation at high temperatures such as 60-100 degrees Celsius and contracts and returns to its original state when cooled to room temperature such as 20-30 degrees Celsius. By using the setting of the two-way shape memory fiber, in the normal use state of the fabric, due to the temperature-sensitive shrinkage, the fabric is gathered, the pores of the fabric are reduced, and the anti-fouling of the fabric is achieved by using its high density. At the same time, when expanded at high temperatures, the pores of the fabric are opened, the breathability is improved, and it is convenient for the cleaning of the fabric. The specific methods are as follows:

[0023] 1. Through the fluff filaments of the two-way shape memory fiber, improve the tight connection between the first weft, the second weft, and the basic warp. At the same time, when the fabric is formed by hot processing, when the processing environment temperature returns to room temperature, due to the shrinkage characteristics of the fibers, the distance between each warp and weft is reduced, the pores of the fabric are reduced, and high-density anti-fouling is achieved;

[0024] Furthermore, when using the contractile fluff filaments to achieve the connection and contraction between the first weft, the second weft and the basic warp, the first weft, the second weft, the functional warp and the basic warp composed of two-way shape memory fibers have the characteristic of increasing density during contraction, and the functional warp arranged parallel to the basic warp expands the fabric gap along the direction of the basic warp at high temperature when gathering the fabric at normal temperature, facilitating ventilation and cleaning.

[0025] 2. An antibacterial functional layer is provided on the outer side of the base fabric. The antibacterial functional layer improves its adhesion through the adhesion layer and the fluff filaments on the fabric. Pretreatment is carried out by grafting an amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric fibers to enhance the adhesion of the subsequent coating. For the preparation of the antibacterial functional layer, graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) are dispersed in aqueous polyurethane, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 minutes, and a uniform coating is formed on the surface of the base fabric by spraying process, dried at 60°C, and post-treated. Ultraviolet irradiation (wavelength 365nm, intensity 50 mW / cm²) is used for 10 minutes to trigger the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide and further improve the antibacterial performance. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition components of the textile fabric of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition state of the base fabric of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution state of the first weft, the second weft and the basic warp of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution state of the first weft and the second weft of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the composition distribution of the functional warp of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the first weft, the second weft and the functional warp of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution state of the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the basic warp of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Base fabric; 2. Adhesion layer; 3. Antibacterial functional layer; 4. Basic warp; 401. First polyester fiber; 402. First functional fiber; 5. First weft; 6. Second weft; 7. Functional warp; 8. Second polyester fiber; 9. Second functional fiber. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1-8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric, including a base fabric 1 in the middle and an antibacterial functional layer 3 distributed outside the base fabric 1. An adhesion layer 2 is provided between the antibacterial functional layer 3 and the base fabric 1; the whole base fabric 1 improves the adhesion stability of the adhesion layer 2 and the antibacterial functional layer 3 due to the fluff filaments. Among them, the adhesion layer 2 is grafted with an amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric 1 to enhance the coating adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer 3; the antibacterial functional layer 3 is formed by dispersing graphene and silver-ion modified titanium dioxide in waterborne polyurethane; in the above technical solution, due to the presence of the fluff filaments, it can improve the layering formed by grafting the amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric 1, making the subsequent adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer 3 more stable and not easily affected by the detachment of the functional layer. At the same time, the antibacterial functional layer 3 is formed by dispersing graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver-ion modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) in waterborne polyurethane, ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, where wt% is the mass percentage, that is, the mass ratio of a certain component in the mixture or solution. Then, it is formed into a uniform coating on the surface of the base fabric 1 by spraying process, dried at 60°C, irradiated with ultraviolet light, with a wavelength of 365 nm, a light intensity of 50 mW / cm², and a processing time of 10 minutes to trigger the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide and further improve the antibacterial performance.

[0037] In the preparation and use of the fabric, this technical solution further discloses that the basic warp 4 is formed by the spiral cross-distribution of the first polyester fiber 401 and the first functional fiber 402, and the ratio of the first polyester fiber 401 to the first functional fiber 402 is set to 1:1; both the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 are formed by mechanically kneading the second polyester fiber 8 and the second functional fiber 9, and the second polyester fiber 8 and the second functional fiber 9 are cross-linked by fluff filaments; when the basic warp 4 formed by using polyester and functional fibers has a good thermal expansion and contraction effect, it also has stable use strength and is not easily damaged during long-term use.

[0038] The base fabric 1 is formed by the cross-weaving of the base warp threads 4 with the first weft threads 5 and the second weft threads 6. Among them, a single first weft thread 5 and a single second weft thread 6 are set as a group, and the first weft threads 5 and the second weft threads 6 of adjacent groups are staggeredly distributed; the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6 of each group are positioned by the functional warp threads 7. The functional warp threads 7 are parallel to the base warp threads 4, and every two functional warp threads 7 are located between adjacent base warp threads 4. Among them, fluff filaments are provided on both the base warp threads 4 and the first weft threads 5 and the second weft threads 6, and the adjacent fluff filaments are cross-linked by twisting; the first functional fiber 402, the second functional fiber 9 and the functional warp threads 7 are made of two-way shape memory fibers, and the two-way shape memory fibers reversibly expand and deform between 60 and 100 degrees Celsius and shrink and return to their original state when cooled; the fluff filaments are arranged by the two-way shape memory fiber material to realize the shrinkage and gathering of the fabric, improve the overall density of the fabric and the anti-fouling performance.

[0039] In the above solution, the fluff filaments are used to realize the connection and gathering between each warp and weft thread. As Figures 2-4 shown, after the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6 are positioned by the functional warp thread 7, protrusions are formed with the second weft thread 6. Fluff filaments are provided on the outer walls of the protrusions. The cross-linking between the fluff filaments improves the stability of the self-positioning of the second weft thread 6. At room temperature, the fluff filaments on the second weft thread 6 are cross-linked and contracted, improving the stability of the use of the second weft thread 6 itself, and further improving the density of the fabric, achieving the effect of anti-fouling use. In addition to the above functions, the use of the fluff filaments further realizes the connection between the base warp thread 4 and the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6, etc., making the formed base fabric 1 as a whole have stable performance, high use density, anti-fouling and antibacterial properties. When heated at high temperature, through the use of the fluff filaments, the second functional fiber 9 and the first functional fiber 402, the gaps of the fabric are enlarged, improving the air permeability of the fabric during use and facilitating the cleaning and decontamination of the fabric.

[0040] Furthermore, in the technical solution, the functional warp thread 7. The diameter of the functional warp thread 7 is smaller than that of the base warp thread 4. The functional warp thread 7 is located in the pores formed between adjacent groups of the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6. The fluff filaments on the outer side of the second weft thread 6 in this pore are cross-linked. The material of the functional warp thread 7 is also a two-way shape memory fiber. Its setting can contract at room temperature and expand at high temperature. Since the two-way shape memory fiber is arranged parallel to the base warp thread 4, when expanding at high temperature, it can further open the pores of the fabric, and when contracting at room temperature, it will not affect the use and force stability of the base warp thread 4.

[0041] The design principle of the above-mentioned two-way shape memory fiber is as follows: Through molecular chain design, the fiber reversibly expands and deforms at high temperatures such as 60-100 °C, and shrinks and returns to its original state when cooled to room temperature of 20-30 °C; the polyurethane PU-based SMP fiber is used to carry out block copolymerization by introducing hard segments such as isocyanates and soft segments such as polyethers, and the phase change temperature is set at 50-80 °C; polycaprolactone PCL / graphene composite fibers can also be used. By using graphene to enhance the thermal conductivity, the phase change response is faster, achieving heating expansion and then cooling contraction, with a deformation amount of up to 50-150%, and the restoring force can be adjusted by controlling the soft segment ratio.

[0042] Example two: The present invention further discloses a preparation method of an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric, and the steps are as follows:

[0043] S1: First, use melt spinning to form the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber and the same-material staple fiber, and use the electrostatic flocking process. When the main fiber is not completely cured, use an electrostatic field to implant the same-material staple fiber on the fiber surface and fix it with an adhesive. The same-material staple fiber is used as the pile yarn; thus, the first functional fiber 402 and the second functional fiber 9 made of two-way shape memory fiber material are prepared, and the functional warp 7 directly selects the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber;

[0044] S2: Use the mechanical flocking method to form the flocking operation on the outside of the polyester fiber; it can also be achieved by other flocking methods to prepare the first polyester fiber 401 and the second polyester fiber 8;

[0045] S3: Then, through mechanical kneading, the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 composed of the second polyester fiber 8 and the second functional fiber 9 are formed; and the basic warp 4 is formed by spiral winding and knitting of the first polyester fiber 401 and the first functional fiber 402;

[0046] S4: Using the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 as the main body of the weft for positioning, the basic warp 4 is added in sequence, and the basic warp 4 is woven with the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 in a cross form. Using the functional warp 7 as an auxiliary line for the positioning of the first weft 5 and the second weft 6, after tightly pressing the first weft 5, the second weft 6, the basic warp 4 and the functional warp 7, the fabric is treated by mechanical kneading process to improve the stability of the cross-linking of the pile yarn. At the same time, the weaving environment temperature is set at the expansion temperature of the two-way shape memory fiber of 60 degrees Celsius to form a stable base fabric 1;

[0047] S5: Graft an amino silane coupling agent on the surface of the fibers of the base fabric 1 to enhance the adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer 3. The preparation of the antibacterial functional layer 3 disperses graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) in waterborne polyurethane, ultrasonically treats for 30 minutes, and uses a spraying process to form a uniform coating on the surface of the base fabric 1 and dries it at 60 °C.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric, including a base fabric (1) in the middle, and an antibacterial functional layer (3) distributed on the outer side of the base fabric (1). An adhesion layer (2) is provided between the antibacterial functional layer (3) and the base fabric (1); It is characterized in that It further includes: The base fabric (1) is formed by cross-weaving a base warp (4) with a first weft (5) and a second weft (6). Among them, a single first weft (5) and a single second weft (6) are set as a group, and the first wefts (5) and second wefts (6) of adjacent groups are distributed in a staggered manner; The first weft (5) and the second weft (6) of each group are positioned by a functional warp (7). The functional warp (7) is parallel to the base warp (4), and every two functional warps (7) are located between adjacent base warps (4). Among them, fluff filaments are provided on the base warp (4), the first weft (5) and the second weft (6), and the adjacent fluff filaments are cross-linked by kneading; The fluff filaments are made of a two-way shape memory fiber material to realize the shrinkage and gathering of the fabric, improve the overall density of the fabric and the anti-fouling performance.

2. The anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The whole base fabric (1) improves the adhesion stability of the adhesion layer (2) and the antibacterial functional layer (3) due to the fluff filaments. Among them, the adhesion layer (2) grafts an amino silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric (1) to enhance the coating adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer (3).

3. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 2, wherein: The antibacterial functional layer (3) is formed by dispersing graphene and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide in waterborne polyurethane and processed by ultrasonic treatment.

4. The anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein: The base warp (4) is formed by spiral cross-distribution of a first polyester fiber (401) and a first functional fiber (402), and the ratio of the first polyester fiber (401) to the first functional fiber (402) is set to 1:

1.

5. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the first weft (5) and the second weft (6) are formed by mechanical kneading of a second polyester fiber (8) and a second functional fiber (9). Among them, the second polyester fiber (8) and the second functional fiber (9) are cross-linked by fluff filaments.

6. The anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the functional warp (7) is smaller than that of the base warp (4). The functional warp (7) is located in the pores formed between adjacent first wefts (5) and second wefts (6), and the fluff filaments on the outer side of the second weft (6) in this pore are cross-linked.

7. The anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that: The materials of the first functional fiber (402), the second functional fiber (9) and the functional warp (7) are two-way shape memory fibers. The two-way shape memory fibers reversibly expand and deform between 60 and 100 degrees Celsius and shrink back to their original state when cooled.

8. The anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: A preparation method for the anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric is also provided. The method steps are as follows: S1: First, use melt spinning to form the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber and the short fiber of the same material. And use the electrostatic flocking process. When the main fiber is not completely cured, use an electrostatic field to implant the short fiber of the same material on the fiber surface and fix it with an adhesive. The short fiber of the same material is used as fluff filaments; thus, the first functional fiber (402) and the second functional fiber (9) made of two-way shape memory fiber material are prepared, and the functional warp (7) directly selects the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber; S2: Perform the flocking operation on the outer side of the polyester fiber by using the mechanical flocking method; prepare the first polyester fiber (401) and the second polyester fiber (8); S3: Then, form the first weft (5) and the second weft (6) composed of the second polyester fiber (8) and the second functional fiber (9) through mechanical kneading; and form the basic warp (4) by helically winding and knitting the first polyester fiber (401) and the first functional fiber (402); S4: With the first weft (5) and the second weft (6) as the main bodies of the weft, sequentially add the basic warp (4), and weave the basic warp (4) with the first weft (5) and the second weft (6) in a crossed form. Use the functional warp (7) as an auxiliary line to position the first weft (5) and the second weft (6). After pressing the first weft (5), the second weft (6), the basic warp (4), and the functional warp (7), process the fabric with the mechanical kneading process to improve the stability of the cross-linking of the pile filaments. At the same time, set the knitting environment temperature to the expansion temperature of the two-way shape memory fiber at 60 degrees Celsius to form a stable base fabric (1); S5: Graft an amino silane coupling agent on the surface of the fibers of the base fabric (1) to enhance the adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer (3). For the preparation of the antibacterial functional layer (3), disperse 1-3 wt% of graphene and 5-8 wt% of silver ion-modified titanium dioxide in waterborne polyurethane, perform ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, and form a uniform coating on the fabric surface by using the spraying process, and dry it at 60°C.

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