Self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-repairing heat preservation layer sandwich wall, a preparation method and application, the self-repairing heat preservation layer sandwich wall comprises an inner acanthus, a heat preservation plate, an outer acanthus and a plurality of detachable assembly type energy consumption connecting assemblies, and the heat preservation plate is clamped between the inner acanthus and the outer acanthus; the multiple detachable assembly type energy consumption connecting assemblies penetrate through the heat preservation plate and are connected with the inner acanthus and the outer acanthus correspondingly. Non-dismantling formworks are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the inner acanthus and the outer acanthus; the non-dismantling formwork is provided with an iron tailing self-repairing heat preservation plate used for achieving crack self-repairing through the microbial mineralization effect. In each detachable assembly type energy dissipation connecting assembly, hollow-square-shaped connecting boxes are symmetrically pre-buried in an inner acanthus and an outer acanthus, and each hollow-square-shaped connecting box is connected with a double-rectangular GFRP pultrusion profile. The energy dissipation steel plate is located in the middle and connected with the double-rectangular GFRP pultrusion profiles at the two ends of the energy dissipation steel plate respectively. The requirements for heat preservation and load bearing of the sandwich wall are met, the energy dissipation capacity is considered, and the structural integrity and safety are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of prefabricated concrete buildings, and particularly relates to a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a modern building form, prefabricated buildings have the advantages of short construction period, controllable quality, resource conservation, etc., and are widely used in various building projects. Among them, prefabricated sandwich walls integrate thermal insulation and load-bearing functions, can achieve the same service life cycle as the overall structure, and have good economic, social and environmental benefits. However, with the continuous improvement of the requirements for green, low-carbon and circular development in the construction industry, there are still some problems in the thermal performance, mechanical performance, construction efficiency and later maintenance of existing prefabricated sandwich wall technologies.

[0003] At present, prefabricated sandwich walls are mainly composed of an inner leaf panel, a sandwich thermal insulation panel and an outer leaf panel, which respectively play the roles of structural load-bearing, thermal insulation and decorative facade. The three are connected by special connectors. Existing connectors are mainly divided into two categories: metal connectors and non-metal connectors. Metal connectors include steel bar truss type, rod type and plate type connectors, etc.; non-metal connectors include plate type and pin type connectors, etc. Sandwich thermal insulation panels are mainly divided into polystyrene thermal insulation panels, polyurethane thermal insulation panels, rock wool thermal insulation panels, glass wool thermal insulation panels, etc.

[0004] Although certain progress has been made in existing prefabricated sandwich walls in terms of connectors and thermal insulation materials, there are still the following main defects: the thermal conductivity of metal connectors is too large, which is easy to form a thermal bridge, weakening the thermal performance of the wall and increasing energy consumption; the mechanical properties of non-metal connectors are weak, and when applied in sandwich walls, the arrangement quantity is large, affecting the construction efficiency; the production of prefabricated sandwich walls needs to be completed in the factory, the construction process is complex, and the production and installation accuracy requirements for components are high; when repairing prefabricated walls after an earthquake, it is often necessary to replace the entire wall or demolish and rebuild it, which is time-consuming, laborious and has poor economic benefits; existing connectors are mostly rigid connectors, which are prone to brittle failure under external loads such as earthquakes, causing damage to wall panels and then affecting structural safety; there is easy to produce air pockets between ordinary non-removable formwork and inner and outer leaf wall panels, and there is a risk of further cracking of the non-removable formwork under the action of external loads. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new type of self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, a preparation method and an application thereof to meet the requirements of thermal insulation and load-bearing of sandwich walls, and take into account the energy consumption capacity to ensure the integrity and safety of the structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, a preparation method and an application thereof. The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, comprising: an inner leaf board, a thermal insulation board, an outer leaf board, and a plurality of detachable assembled energy-dissipating connection components. Among them, the thermal insulation board is clamped between the inner leaf board and the outer leaf board; the plurality of detachable assembled energy-dissipating connection components penetrate through the thermal insulation board and are respectively connected to the inner leaf board and the outer leaf board; the inner leaf board and the outer leaf board have the same structure, and non-removable formworks are provided on the outer surfaces of the inner leaf board and the outer leaf board; the non-removable formwork is provided with an iron tailing self-repairing thermal insulation board for realizing crack self-repair through microbial mineralization; each of the detachable assembled energy-dissipating connection components includes: a square frame connection box, a double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile, and an energy-dissipating steel plate; the square frame connection boxes are symmetrically embedded in the inner leaf board and the outer leaf board, and each square frame connection box is connected to one double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile; the energy-dissipating steel plate is located in the middle and is respectively connected to the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profiles at both ends thereof.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the non-removable formwork includes: an adhesive layer, an iron tailing self-repairing thermal insulation board, and a plastering layer sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and the adhesive layer, the iron tailing self-repairing thermal insulation board, and the plastering layer are formed by pressing with an adhesive.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the iron tailing self-repairing thermal insulation board is provided with microbial iron tailing ceramsite, and the microbial iron tailing ceramsite has a porous structure; the porous structure serves as a carrier for bacillus, and urease secreted by the bacillus catalyzes the decomposition of urea to generate calcium carbonate, and then the generated calcium carbonate fills the cracks to achieve self-repair.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the composition components of the iron tailing self-repairing thermal insulation board by mass percentage include: 45% - 55% of microbial iron tailing ceramsite, 25% - 35% of portland cement, 5% - 10% of fly ash, 1.5% - 2.5% of expanded polystyrene particles, 0.2% of polypropylene anti-cracking fiber, 0.5% - 1.5% of water reducing agent, and 0.5% - 1% of flame retardant.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, a connection box body is provided inside the square frame connection box, and an anchoring steel bar opening matching the first end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile is provided on the connection box body; the square frame connection box is connected to the first end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile by a bolt passing through the anchoring steel bar opening.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, a connecting plate is provided in the middle of the second end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile, and a bolt hole array matching the energy-dissipating steel plate is provided on the connecting plate; the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile is connected to the energy-dissipating steel plate by a bolt passing through the bolt hole array.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulation board is provided with a plurality of reserved holes, and the double-rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles pass through the reserved holes, so that the insulation board is located between the symmetrically arranged figure-eight connection boxes.

[0013] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall for preparing the above-mentioned self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, and the method includes:

[0014] Step 1: Immerse the iron tailing ceramsite in a culture medium solution containing Bacillus, and after multiple cycles of immersion and drying treatment, prepare microbial iron tailing ceramsite;

[0015] Step 2: Mix the microbial iron tailing ceramsite, portland cement, fly ash, expanded polystyrene particles, polypropylene anti-cracking fibers, water reducing agent and flame retardant, add water and stir to obtain a cementitious material, mix the cementitious material with expanded polystyrene particles and then press and mold, and cure to obtain an iron tailing self-repairing insulation board;

[0016] Step 3: Respectively arrange composite alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloths on both sides of the iron tailing self-repairing insulation board. Among them, apply interface mortar on one side of the composite alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloth, and apply plastering mortar on the other side of the composite alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloth, and obtain a non-removable formwork after pressing and curing;

[0017] Step 4: After cutting reserved holes on the non-removable formwork and the insulation board respectively, hoist the non-removable formwork and the insulation board in sequence, reserve the pouring space for the inner leaf board and the outer leaf board, and embed a steel mesh in the pouring space;

[0018] Step 5: Pass the double-rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles through the reserved holes on the insulation board, and connect them to the figure-eight connection boxes and the energy dissipation steel plates through bolts respectively;

[0019] Step 6: Pour concrete in the pouring spaces of the inner leaf board and the outer leaf board respectively and cure;

[0020] Step 7: After curing, pour grouting material into the figure-eight connection boxes and level the outer facade to complete the preparation of the self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step 1: the number of cycles of immersion and drying is at least 5 times, the immersion time each time is at least 2 hours, and the drying temperature range is 60°C to 80°C.

[0022] The present invention further provides an application of a self - repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall in prefabricated concrete buildings. The above - mentioned self - repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall is used for the exterior wall or interior partition wall of prefabricated concrete buildings, and realizes rapid post - earthquake repair and maintenance of thermal insulation performance through the iron tailing self - repairing thermal insulation board and the detachable prefabricated energy - dissipating connection component.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] For the self - repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall of the present invention, through the collaborative design of the detachable prefabricated energy - dissipating connection component and the iron tailing self - repairing thermal insulation board, the seismic performance and durability of the sandwich wall are significantly improved. The combination of double - rectangle GFRP pultruded profiles and energy - dissipating steel plates takes into account low thermal conductivity and high load - bearing energy - dissipating capacity. While avoiding the thermal bridge effect, the post - earthquake damage is concentrated on the replaceable components. The iron tailing self - repairing thermal insulation board realizes crack self - repair through microbial mineralization, solving the cracking risk problem of traditional sandwich walls. Through the modular detachable prefabricated energy - dissipating connection component, the rapid replacement of the outer leaf board and damaged components is realized, greatly reducing the maintenance cost.

[0025] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following preferred embodiments are specifically given and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self - repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a partial structural sectional view of the self - repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the detachable prefabricated energy - dissipating connection component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is an exploded structural diagram of the detachable prefabricated energy - dissipating connection component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a side view of the structure of the detachable prefabricated energy - dissipating connection component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the loop - shaped connection box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7It is a schematic structural diagram (first viewing direction) of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram (second viewing direction) of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 It is a flowchart of the preparation method of a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals: 100 - inner leaf board; 200 - thermal insulation board; 300 - outer leaf board; 400 - detachable assembled energy-dissipating connection component; 410 - square connection box; 420 - double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile; 430 - energy-dissipating steel plate; 500 - formwork without demolition; 510 - bonding layer; 520 - iron tailings self-repairing thermal insulation board; 530 - plastering layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following, in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners, will detail a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, a preparation method and an application proposed according to the present invention.

[0037] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention can be clearly presented in the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Through the description of the specific implementation manners, a more in-depth and specific understanding of the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose can be obtained. However, the accompanying drawings are only for reference and illustration, and are not used to limit the technical solution of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] The prefabricated sandwich walls in the prior art have deficiencies in aspects such as thermal bridge effect, mechanical properties of connectors, construction complexity, difficulty in later maintenance, brittle failure of connectors, and bonding voids between formwork and wall panels, resulting in reduced thermal insulation performance and structural safety of the walls, as well as poor construction efficiency and economic benefits. In view of this, the present invention proposes a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, as Figures 1 to 5 shown, Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial structural sectional view of the self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the detachable assembled energy-dissipating connection component provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is an exploded structural diagram of the detachable assembled energy-dissipating connection component provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5It is a structural side view of the detachable and assembled energy-dissipating connection component provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In this embodiment, the self-healing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall includes: an inner leaf panel 100, a thermal insulation panel 200, an outer leaf panel 300, and a plurality of detachable and assembled energy-dissipating connection components 400. Among them, the thermal insulation panel 200 is sandwiched between the inner leaf panel 100 and the outer leaf panel 300; the plurality of detachable and assembled energy-dissipating connection components 400 penetrate through the thermal insulation panel 200 and are respectively connected to the inner leaf panel 100 and the outer leaf panel 300; the inner leaf panel 100 and the outer leaf panel 300 have the same structure, and formwork-free templates 500 are provided on the outer side surfaces of the inner leaf panel 100 and the outer leaf panel 300; the formwork-free templates 500 are provided with iron tailing self-healing thermal insulation panels 520 for realizing crack self-healing through microbial mineralization.

[0041] Exemplarily, the thermal insulation panel 200 can adopt composite thermal insulation materials, such as polystyrene boards, polyurethane foams, etc., to improve the thermal insulation performance of the wall and reduce energy consumption.

[0042] It can be understood that since the inner leaf panel 100, the thermal insulation panel 200, and the outer leaf panel 300 are arranged in sequence, the sides of the inner leaf panel 100 and the outer leaf panel 300 close to the thermal insulation panel 200 are called the inner sides, and correspondingly, the sides far from the thermal insulation panel 200 are the outer sides, and the formwork-free templates 500 are respectively provided on the outer side surfaces of the inner leaf panel 100 and the outer leaf panel 300.

[0043] In an optional implementation manner, the formwork-free template 500 includes: an adhesive layer 510, an iron tailing self-healing thermal insulation panel 520, and a plastering layer 530, which are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside, and the adhesive layer 510, the iron tailing self-healing thermal insulation panel 520, and the plastering layer 530 are formed by pressing with an adhesive.

[0044] Specifically, the iron tailing self-healing thermal insulation panel 520 is provided with microbial iron tailing ceramsite, and the microbial iron tailing ceramsite has a porous structure; the porous structure serves as a carrier for bacillus, and urease secreted by the bacillus catalyzes the decomposition of urea to generate calcium carbonate, and then the generated calcium carbonate fills the cracks to achieve self-healing.

[0045] Exemplarily, the composition components of the iron tailing self-healing thermal insulation panel 520 include, by mass percentage: 45% - 55% of microbial iron tailing ceramsite, 25% - 35% of portland cement, 5% - 10% of fly ash, 1.5% - 2.5% of expanded polystyrene particles, 0.2% of polypropylene anti-cracking fiber, 0.5% - 1.5% of water reducing agent, and 0.5% - 1% of flame retardant.

[0046] Specifically, the composition components of the iron tailings self-repairing thermal insulation board 520 can be set by mass percentage as follows: microbial iron tailings ceramsite 45%, portland cement 30%, fly ash 7%, expanded polystyrene particles 2.0%, polypropylene anti-cracking fiber 0.2%, water reducing agent 1%, flame retardant 1%, and water 13.8%. The iron tailings self-repairing thermal insulation board 520 prepared according to this ratio has good compressive strength and crack repair rate.

[0047] Exemplarily, the flame retardant contains urea. In the flame retardant, urea exerts a flame retardant effect through its nitrogen-containing characteristics and the decomposition and release of non-combustible gases such as ammonia and carbon dioxide, through the synergistic effect of the non-combustible gases.

[0048] The principle is that iron tailings are porous materials with high water absorption. The iron tailings are made into ceramsite and soaked in a culture medium solution containing Bacillus subtilis to make it a microbial carrier. Bacillus subtilis can adapt to the alkaline environment in concrete and produce urease. Urease can catalyze the degradation of the urea component in the flame retardant to produce carbonate ions. The carbonate ions combine with calcium ions to form calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate crystals continuously deposit and fill the cracks, restoring the structural density, blocking the intrusion of moisture and harmful substances, and at the same time repairing the interfacial bonding strength to prevent the expansion of the hollowing, realizing the self-repair of the possible hollowing between the non-removable formwork 500 and the concrete after pouring. In addition, by incorporating polypropylene anti-cracking fiber and expanded polystyrene particles into the iron tailings self-repairing thermal insulation board 520, the polypropylene anti-cracking fiber plays a role in increasing strength and toughness, and can form a reinforcing network inside the cementitious material to improve the tensile performance.

[0049] In addition, EVA emulsion can also be used as a binder. EVA emulsion has good bonding strength, which can improve the bonding strength and tensile strength. Through the dual mechanisms of physical crack inhibition and chemical bonding, it can inhibit the generation of cracks, provide pre-protection for microbial repair, and form an "anti-crack-self-repair" synergistic mechanism. By combining biogenic mineralization with solid waste utilization using iron tailings materials, the self-repair and long-term durability of wall cracks are realized. At the same time, the iron tailings self-repairing thermal insulation board 520 forms a closed pore heat insulation layer through the gradient composite design of porous iron tailings ceramsite and expanded polystyrene particles, and combines the EVA emulsion modified interface to reduce the thermal bridge effect and improve the heat insulation ability of the sandwich wall.

[0050] It should be noted that by separately setting the non-removable formwork 500, the internal connection structure can be completely hidden under the building finish surface, without affecting the subsequent construction of the building and the aesthetics of the structure.

[0051] As Figures 4 to 8 shown, Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the square frame-shaped connection box provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7It is a schematic structural diagram (first viewing direction) of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram (second viewing direction) of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] In this embodiment, each detachable and assembled energy-dissipating connection component 400 includes: a square-ring connection box 410, a double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420, and an energy-dissipating steel plate 430; the square-ring connection boxes 410 are symmetrically embedded in the inner leaf plate 100 and the outer leaf plate 300, and each square-ring connection box 410 is connected to a double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420; the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 is located in the middle and is respectively connected to the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profiles 420 at both ends thereof.

[0053] In an alternative embodiment, a connection box body is provided inside the square-ring connection box 410, and anchoring steel bar openings matching the first end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420 are provided on the connection box body; the square-ring connection box 410 is connected to the first end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420 by bolts passing through the anchoring steel bar openings.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, a connecting plate is provided in the middle of the second end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420, and a bolt hole array matching the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 is provided on the connecting plate; the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420 is connected to the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 by bolts passing through the bolt hole array.

[0055] Exemplarily, the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 can be made of steel with good ductility and toughness, and dissipates energy through yield deformation or damping, such as by adding alloying elements such as manganese, silicon, chromium, etc. to improve the comprehensive performance of the steel.

[0056] Specifically, the square-ring connection box 410 is fixed in the inner leaf plate 100 or the outer leaf plate 300 by casting, the first end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420 is connected to the connection box body of the square-ring connection box 410 by high-strength bolts, the second end of the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420 is then connected to the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 by high-strength bolts, and the other side of the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 is sequentially connected to the double-rectangle GFRP pultruded profile 420 and the square-ring connection box 410, so that the detachable and assembled energy-dissipating connection component 400 as a whole forms a symmetric structure.

[0057] It should be noted that when an earthquake occurs, the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 absorbs and dissipates seismic energy through the above-mentioned energy-dissipating mechanism, reduces the vibration amplitude of the wall, and prevents the wall from cracking and damage; it can provide sufficient bearing capacity during minor earthquakes to ensure the safety of the main structure. During major earthquakes, it can fully exert its ductility for energy dissipation, reduce the seismic energy received by important structures, and maximize the safety of the main structure, thereby improving the seismic performance and safety of the entire building structure. That is, the role of the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 is to absorb part of the energy by exerting its energy-dissipating function when the wall is subjected to external impact, protecting the main structure from damage.

[0058] In addition, since the main structure of the detachable prefabricated energy-dissipating connection component 400 is bolted, when the outer leaf plate 300 is severely damaged, the bolts at the square connection box 410 can be disassembled to disassemble and replace the outer leaf plate 300; according to the actual situation, the energy-dissipating steel plate 430 or the insulation board 200 can also be replaced simultaneously to ensure the safety and durability of the structure.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment, the insulation board 200 is provided with a plurality of reserved holes, and the double-rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles 420 pass through the reserved holes, so that the insulation board 200 is located between the symmetrically arranged square connection boxes 410.

[0060] It should be noted that GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic) is a composite material with glass fibers and their products as the reinforcing material and synthetic resin as the matrix material, and has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, and low thermal conductivity. Especially the high strength of glass fibers enables GFRP to withstand large tensile and compressive forces, and its tensile strength and flexural strength are both high, which can meet the bearing requirements of various engineering structures. At the same time, using the double-rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles 420 can also effectively reduce heat conduction and the heat bridge effect, because the GFRP material itself has a low thermal conductivity, which means its ability to conduct heat is weak. In building structures, when GFRP is used as a connecting member, it can effectively reduce the transfer of heat from the high-temperature area to the low-temperature area, thereby reducing the influence of the heat bridge effect and improving the insulation performance of the building.

[0061] The self-repairing insulation layer sandwich wall of the present invention significantly improves the seismic resistance and durability of the sandwich wall through the coordinated design of the detachable assembled energy-absorbing connection components and the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board. The combination of double rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles and energy-absorbing steel plates takes into account both low thermal conductivity and high load-bearing and energy-absorbing capacity, while avoiding the thermal bridge effect and concentrating post-earthquake damage on replaceable parts. The iron tailings self-repairing insulation board uses microbial mineralization to achieve self-repair of cracks, solving the risk of cracking in traditional sandwich walls. Through modular detachable assembled energy-absorbing connection components, the outer blades and damaged parts can be quickly disassembled and replaced, greatly reducing maintenance costs.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] At present, the accumulated stockpile of bulk solid waste in my country exceeds 60 billion tons, with an annual increase of nearly 3 billion tons. Among them, the utilization rate of tailings solid waste is low, which not only occupies land, but also poses a safety hazard to the ecological environment. Exploring ways to utilize tailings solid waste, promoting green, low-carbon and energy-saving materials and prefabricated construction methods are of great significance to the construction industry. Iron tailings mainly contain The iron tailings are porous materials with high water absorption. The iron tailings are made into ceramsite and soaked in microbial culture medium to be used as microbial carriers to achieve efficient utilization of the iron tailings. In view of this, this embodiment proposes a method for preparing a self-repairing insulation layer sandwich wall based on iron tailings materials.

[0064] like Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 It is a flow chart of a method for preparing a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, which is used to prepare the self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall of embodiment 1, and the method includes:

[0066] Step 1: soaking the iron tailings ceramsite in a culture medium solution containing Bacillus, and performing multiple cycles of soaking and drying to prepare microbial iron tailings ceramsite.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, in step 1: the number of cycles of soaking and drying is at least 5 times, each soaking time is at least 2 hours, and the drying temperature ranges from 60°C to 80°C.

[0068] Specifically, the high-pressure sterilized iron tailings ceramsite is fully immersed in a solution containing concentrated Bacillus pasteurianus and culture medium for 2 hours, then taken out and dried, and the immersion and drying cycle is repeated 5 times to obtain the microbial iron tailings ceramsite.

[0069] Step 2: Mix the microbial iron tailings ceramsite, silicate cement, fly ash, expanded polystyrene particles, polypropylene anti-cracking fiber, water reducer and flame retardant, add water and stir to obtain a cementitious material, mix the cementitious material with the expanded polystyrene particles and then press into shape, and cure to obtain the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, before preparing the gelling material, the EVA emulsion is diluted with water and fully mixed with the expanded polystyrene particles, and then dried to achieve surface modification of the expanded polystyrene particles.

[0071] Specifically, microbial iron tailings ceramsite, silicate cement, fly ash, surface-modified expanded polystyrene particles, polypropylene anti-cracking fiber, water reducer, and flame retardant are mixed, and water is added and stirred for 5 minutes to obtain a cementitious material. The cementitious material is then mixed with the expanded polystyrene particles and injected into a mold for compression molding, and the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board is cured in an environment of a temperature of 25±2°C and a relative humidity of 50±5%.

[0072] Step 3: Composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloths are respectively arranged on both sides of the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board, wherein interface mortar is applied on the inner composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth, and facing mortar is applied on the outer composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth, and a disassembly-free formwork is obtained after pressing and curing.

[0073] Specifically, bonding mortar is evenly laid on the surface of the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board, and the composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is arranged on both sides of the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board. Interface mortar is applied on the composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on one side, and the rough surface is treated to form a bonding layer; and plastering mortar is applied on the composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on the other side, and leveled to form a plastering layer. Afterwards, it is integrated under the action of a press and maintained to obtain a non-disassembly template.

[0074] Step 4: After cutting reserved holes on the non-dismantling formwork and the insulation board respectively, hoist the non-dismantling formwork and the insulation board in turn, reserve the casting space for the inner blade and the outer blade, and embed the steel mesh in the casting space;

[0075] Step 5: Pass the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles through the reserved holes on the insulation board, and connect them to the U-shaped connection box and the energy-absorbing steel plate respectively through bolts.

[0076] Specifically, the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile is first prepared by the pultrusion post-processing method, and anchor steel bar openings and bolt hole arrays are respectively opened at both ends. Secondly, the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile is passed through the reserved holes on the insulation board, and then connected to the U-shaped connection box through the anchor steel bar opening; the energy-absorbing steel plate and the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile are connected by high-strength bolts.

[0077] Step 6: Pour concrete into the pouring spaces of the inner leaf panel and the outer leaf panel respectively and cure it.

[0078] Exemplarily, after pouring concrete into the reserved pouring space and fully vibrating it, full vibration can promote the liquefaction and flow of the concrete and evenly fill the formwork gaps, remove internal air bubbles and voids, ensure tight bonding at the interface, improve the structural density and homogeneity; at the same time, reduce the capillary porosity to inhibit early shrinkage cracks, reduce the load on the self-healing function, provide a dense matrix environment for microbial repair, and ultimately ensure the overall seismic performance and long-term durability of the sandwich wall.

[0079] Step 7: After the curing is completed, pour grouting material into the zigzag connection box and level the outer facade to complete the preparation of the self-healing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall.

[0080] Through the resource utilization of iron tailings solid waste and factory prefabricated and assembled construction, the present invention realizes low-carbon energy conservation in the whole life cycle of buildings, meets the requirements of heat preservation and load-bearing of the sandwich wall and takes into account the energy consumption capacity, ensures the structural integrity and safety, and has comprehensive advantages such as structural safety, high construction efficiency, convenient maintenance and environmental friendliness.

[0081] In addition, compared with the construction of traditional cast-in-place concrete structures, most of the structures of the present invention can be fabricated in the factory. Since the environment in the factory is controllable, the quality of the products is guaranteed to the greatest extent. The assembly line work can greatly improve the assembly efficiency, and problems can be adjusted in time to avoid repeated transportation. In addition, compared with traditional sandwich walls, the structure of the present invention is simple, the construction is convenient, the requirements for the production and installation accuracy of components are not high, the requirements for the operation of on-site workers are also low, and at the same time, the quality is easy to guarantee and the construction quality is easy to detect.

[0082] Embodiment III

[0083] This embodiment provides an application of a self-healing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall in a precast concrete building. The self-healing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall of Embodiment I is applied to the exterior wall or interior partition wall of a precast concrete building, and post-earthquake rapid repair and thermal insulation performance maintenance are realized through an iron tailings self-healing thermal insulation board and a detachable prefabricated energy-consuming connection component.

[0084] It should be noted that through the application of the self-healing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, the energy efficiency, durability and construction efficiency of the building can be improved, so as to achieve lower operation and maintenance costs and better economic benefits in the long term.

[0085] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the article or device comprising said element. Similar words such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "above", "below", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0086] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, and all should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-repairing insulation layer sandwich wall, characterized in that: include: An inner blade plate (100), a heat insulation plate (200), an outer blade plate (300) and a plurality of detachable assembled energy-consuming connection components (400), wherein: The heat preservation plate (200) is sandwiched between the inner blade plate (100) and the outer blade plate (300); a plurality of the detachable assembled energy-dissipating connection components (400) penetrate the heat preservation plate (200) and respectively connect the inner blade plate (100) and the outer blade plate (300); The inner blade plate (100) and the outer blade plate (300) have the same structure, and the outer surfaces of the inner blade plate (100) and the outer blade plate (300) are both provided with a non-removal template (500); the non-removal template (500) is provided with an iron tailings self-repairing insulation plate (520) for achieving crack self-repair through microbial mineralization; Each of the detachable assembled energy-absorbing connection components (400) comprises: a U-shaped connection box (410), a double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile (420) and an energy-absorbing steel plate (430); the U-shaped connection box (410) is symmetrically pre-embedded in the inner blade (100) and the outer blade (300), and each of the U-shaped connection boxes (410) is connected to one of the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles (420); the energy-absorbing steel plate (430) is located in the middle and is respectively connected to the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles (420) at both ends thereof.

2. The self-repairing thermal insulation sandwich wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-disassembly formwork (500) comprises: an adhesive layer (510), an iron tailings self-repairing insulation board (520) and a plastering layer (530) which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the adhesive layer (510), the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board (520) and the plastering layer (530) are pressed and formed by an adhesive.

3. The self-repairing insulation sandwich wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The iron tailings self-repairing insulation board (520) is provided with microbial iron tailings ceramsite, and the microbial iron tailings ceramsite is a porous structure; the porous structure serves as a Bacillus carrier, and the Bacillus secretes urease to catalyze the decomposition of urea to generate calcium carbonate, and the generated calcium carbonate is then used to fill the cracks to achieve self-repair.

4. The self-repairing thermal insulation sandwich wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: The components of the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board (520) include, by mass percentage: 45% to 55% of microbial iron tailings ceramsite, 25% to 35% of silicate cement, 5% to 10% of fly ash, 1.5% to 2.5% of expanded polystyrene particles, 0.2% of polypropylene anti-cracking fiber, 0.5% to 1.5% of water reducing agent, and 0.5% to 1% of flame retardant.

5. The self-repairing thermal insulation sandwich wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connection box body is provided inside the U-shaped connection box (410), and an anchoring steel bar opening matching the first end of the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile (420) is provided on the connection box body; the U-shaped connection box (410) is connected to the first end of the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile (420) by means of bolts passing through the anchoring steel bar opening.

6. The self-repairing thermal insulation sandwich wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting plate is provided at the middle of the second end of the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile (420), and a bolt hole array matching the energy-absorbing steel plate (430) is provided on the connecting plate; the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile (420) is connected to the energy-absorbing steel plate (430) by bolts passing through the bolt hole array.

7. The self-repairing thermal insulation sandwich wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation board (200) is provided with a plurality of reserved holes, and the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profiles (420) pass through the reserved holes, so that the insulation board (200) is located between the symmetrically arranged U-shaped connection boxes (410).

8. A method for preparing a self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall, characterized in that: For preparing the self-repairing thermal insulation sandwich wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprises: Step 1: soaking the iron tailings ceramsite in a culture medium solution containing Bacillus, and performing multiple cycles of soaking and drying to prepare microbial iron tailings ceramsite; Step 2: mixing the microbial iron tailings ceramsite, silicate cement, fly ash, expanded polystyrene particles, polypropylene anti-cracking fiber, water reducer and flame retardant, adding water and stirring to obtain a cementitious material, mixing the cementitious material with the expanded polystyrene particles and then pressing and molding, and curing to obtain an iron tailings self-repairing insulation board; Step 3: composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloths are respectively arranged on both sides of the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board, wherein interface mortar is applied on the composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on one side, and surface mortar is applied on the composite alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth on the other side, and a non-disassembly template is obtained after pressing and curing; Step 4: After cutting reserved holes on the non-disassembly formwork and the insulation board respectively, the non-disassembly formwork and the insulation board are hoisted in sequence, the casting space of the inner blade plate and the outer blade plate is reserved, and the steel mesh is embedded in the casting space; Step 5: Pass the double rectangular GFRP pultruded profile through the reserved holes on the insulation board, and connect them to the U-shaped connection box and the energy-absorbing steel plate respectively by bolts; Step 6: pouring concrete in the pouring spaces of the inner blade plate and the outer blade plate respectively and curing them; Step 7: After the curing is completed, grouting material is poured into the U-shaped connection box and the facade is leveled to complete the preparation of the self-repairing insulation layer sandwich wall.

9. The method for preparing the self-repairing thermal insulation layer sandwich wall according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 1: the number of cycles of soaking and drying is at least 5 times, each soaking time is at least 2 hours, and the drying temperature ranges from 60°C to 80°C.

10. Application of a self-repairing insulation layer sandwich wall in a prefabricated concrete building, characterized in that: The self-repairing insulation sandwich wall described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used for the exterior wall or interior partition wall of a prefabricated concrete building, and rapid post-earthquake repair and insulation performance maintenance are achieved through the iron tailings self-repairing insulation board (520) and the detachable prefabricated energy-absorbing connection assembly (400).

Images