Cylinder cover assembly and engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylinder cover assembly and an engine, and the cylinder cover assembly comprises a cylinder cover, a cylinder cover air inlet channel and a cylinder cover air outlet channel, the cylinder head cover is connected to the upper portion of the cylinder head, the oil-gas separator is connected to the upper portion of the cylinder head cover, a cylinder head cover gas inlet channel is formed in the cylinder head cover, a small-load channel is formed in the oil-gas separator, and the cylinder head cover gas inlet channel is communicated between the small-load channel and the cylinder head gas inlet channel; the cylinder cover is provided with a cylinder cover top face used for being connected with the cylinder cover hood, the included angle between the cylinder cover top face and the longitudinal center face of the engine is a1, the included angle between the length direction of the small-load channel and the cylinder cover top face is a2, a1 is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and a2 is larger than or equal to 30 degrees and smaller than or equal to 90 degrees. According to the cylinder cover assembly, the outflow rate of blow-by gas in the small-load channel is high, the risk that the pressure of a crankcase is too high due to the fact that gas in the small-load channel is prone to freezing to block the gas channel can be effectively reduced, and the running reliability of an engine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engines, and particularly to a cylinder head assembly and an engine having the cylinder head assembly. Background Art

[0002] In cold regions in winter, in extremely cold environments, especially when the outside temperature is low enough, the condensed water droplets in the crankcase passage may freeze to form ice blocks, which may then block the crankcase ventilation pipe. If the crankcase passage is blocked, the fuel vapor in the crankcase cannot be discharged in time, which will affect normal ventilation and oil-gas recovery. After a long time, the pressure in the crankcase will be too high, resulting in oil leakage from the front and rear oil seals of the engine. In severe cases, it may lead to a decline in engine performance or other mechanical failures, and there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a cylinder head assembly, in which the outflow rate of the blow-by gas in the small-load passage is high, which can effectively reduce the risk that the gas in the small-load passage is easily frozen and blocked, resulting in too high crankcase pressure, and reduce the risks of engine oil leakage, engine performance decline, and mechanical failures, and improve the reliability of engine operation.

[0004] The cylinder head assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cylinder head, in which a cylinder head intake passage is formed; a cylinder head cover and an oil-gas separator, the cylinder head cover is connected to the upper part of the cylinder head, the oil-gas separator is connected to the upper part of the cylinder head cover, a cylinder head cover intake passage is formed in the cylinder head cover, a small-load passage is formed in the oil-gas separator, and the cylinder head cover intake passage communicates between the small-load passage and the cylinder head intake passage; wherein, the cylinder head has a cylinder head top surface for connecting with the cylinder head cover, the included angle between the cylinder head top surface and the longitudinal center plane of the engine is a1, the included angle between the length direction of the small-load passage and the cylinder head top surface is a2, and it satisfies: 0° < a1 < 90°, 30° ≤ a2 ≤ 90°.

[0005] For the cylinder head assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, by arranging that the gas separated by the oil-gas separator enters the cylinder head cover intake passage and the cylinder head intake passage successively from the small-load passage, the blow-by gas can be introduced into the combustion chamber for re-combustion. And by setting the angle a2 between the small-load passage and the cylinder head top surface within the range of 30° to 90°, the blow-by gas in the small-load passage can quickly flow towards the cylinder head cover intake passage by using its gravity, which improves the outflow rate of the blow-by gas in the small-load passage, can effectively reduce the risk that the gas in the small-load passage is prone to icing and blocking the gas passage, resulting in too high crankcase pressure, and reduce the risks of engine oil leakage, engine performance degradation, and mechanical failures, and improve the reliability of engine operation. At the same time, the small-load passage, the cylinder head cover intake passage, and the cylinder head intake passage are built-in, eliminating the external pipeline, which is convenient for the engine mounting layout and effectively reduces the development cost.

[0006] For the cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylinder head cover intake passage includes a first cylinder head cover passage, the first cylinder head cover passage is communicated with the outlet end of the small-load passage, and the included angle between the length direction of the first cylinder head cover passage and the cylinder head top surface is a3, and it satisfies: 30° ≤ a3 ≤ 90°.

[0007] For the cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, it satisfies: a2 = a3.

[0008] For the cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylinder head cover intake passage further includes a second cylinder head cover passage, a third cylinder head cover passage, and a fourth cylinder head cover passage that are successively communicated with the first cylinder head cover passage. The length directions of any two adjacent ones of the first cylinder head cover passage, the second cylinder head cover passage, the third cylinder head cover passage, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage form an included angle, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage is communicated with the cylinder head intake passage.

[0009] For the cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, the included angle between the length direction of the second cylinder head cover passage and the cylinder head top surface is a4, and the included angle between the length direction of the third cylinder head cover passage and the cylinder head top surface is a5, and it satisfies: a5 ≤ a4 ≤ a3.

[0010] For the cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, it satisfies: a4 ≤ a1 ≤ a3.

[0011] For the cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the inlet end of the first cylinder head cover passage and the cylinder head top surface is h1, and the distance between the inlet end of the fourth cylinder head cover passage and the cylinder head top surface is h2, and it satisfies: h1 > h2.

[0012] The cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameters of the first channel of the cylinder head cover, the second channel of the cylinder head cover, the third channel of the cylinder head cover, and the fourth channel of the cylinder head cover are all configured to be greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the low-load channel.

[0013] The cylinder head assembly according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cylinder head intake passage includes a first cylinder head passage, a second cylinder head passage, and a third cylinder head passage that are sequentially connected, the first cylinder head passage communicates with the intake passage of the cylinder head cover, the cylinder head is further provided with an engine intake passage for communicating with the combustion chamber, and the third cylinder head passage communicates with the engine intake passage;

[0014] And / or, the upper end of the first cylinder head passage communicates with the lower end of the intake passage of the cylinder head cover, the lower end of the first cylinder head passage is bent and connected to one end of the second cylinder head passage, the other end of the second cylinder head passage communicates with the upper end of the third cylinder head passage, and the lower end of the third cylinder head passage communicates with the engine intake passage.

[0015] The present invention also provides an engine.

[0016] The engine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the cylinder head assembly of any one of the above embodiments.

[0017] The advantages of the engine and the above cylinder head assembly over the prior art are the same and will not be described herein again.

[0018] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder head assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] Cylinder head assembly 100,

[0025] Cylinder head 1, cylinder head intake passage 11, first cylinder head passage 111, second cylinder head passage 112, third cylinder head passage 113, engine intake passage 12, cylinder head top surface 13, cylinder head bottom surface 14,

[0026] Cylinder head cover 2, cylinder head cover intake passage 21, first cylinder head cover passage 211, second cylinder head cover passage 212, third cylinder head cover passage 213, fourth cylinder head cover passage 214, plug 23, valve chamber 24, intake camshaft hole 25, exhaust camshaft hole 26,

[0027] Oil and gas separator 3, small load passage 31,

[0028] Engine longitudinal center plane 200. Detailed implementation mode

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the front-back direction in this application is the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, i.e., the X direction; the left-right direction is the transverse direction of the vehicle, i.e., the Y direction; and the up-down direction is the vertical direction of the vehicle, i.e., the Z direction.

[0033] The following refers to Figures 1 - 3 Describe the cylinder head assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, so that the outflow rate of the blow-by gas in the small-load passage 31 is high, which can effectively reduce the risk that the gas in the small-load passage 31 is prone to icing and blocking the gas passage, resulting in too high crankcase pressure, and reduce the risks of engine oil leakage, engine performance degradation, and mechanical failures, and improve the reliability of engine operation.

[0034] As Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the cylinder head assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cylinder head 1, a cylinder head cover 2, and an oil-gas separator 3.

[0035] It should be noted that the cylinder head 1 is a partial structure of the engine cylinder, used to connect to the cylinder block. The cylinder head 1 can be connected to the upper side of the cylinder block, can seal the upper side of the cylinder block, and can make part of the structures of the cylinder block and the cylinder head 1 communicate to meet the working requirements of the engine.

[0036] A cylinder head intake passage 11 is formed in the cylinder head 1. The cylinder head intake passage 11 is used to realize the flow of gas, and can make the gas flow in the cylinder head 1 along the cylinder head intake passage 11. In a specific design, the cylinder head intake passage 11 is located in at least part of the cylinder head 1, that is, the gas can flow in at least part of the cylinder head 1. In this way, it can avoid interference between the cylinder head intake passage 11 and other structures of the cylinder head 1, and its layout is more compact and reasonable. Moreover, the cylinder head intake passage 11 is formed in the cylinder head 1 and can be integrally formed with the cylinder head 1.

[0037] The cylinder head cover 2 is connected to the upper part of the cylinder head 1. In a specific design, the cylinder head cover 2 can be detachably connected to the cylinder head 1 through bolts and other connecting parts, can seal the upper side of the cylinder head 1, and can make part of the internal structures of the cylinder head 1 and the cylinder head cover 2 communicate to realize the installation of the engine. And the oil-gas separator 3 is connected to the upper part of the cylinder head cover 2. In a specific design, the cylinder head cover 2 can be detachably connected to the oil-gas separator 3 through bolts and other connecting parts, and can make part of the internal structures of the cylinder head cover 2 and the oil-gas separator 3 communicate.

[0038] And a cylinder head cover intake passage 21 is formed in the cylinder head cover 2. The cylinder head cover intake passage 21 is used to realize the flow of gas, and can make the gas flow in the cylinder head cover 2 along the cylinder head cover intake passage 21. In a specific design, the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 is located in at least part of the cylinder head 1, that is, the gas can flow in at least part of the cylinder head cover 2. In this way, it can avoid interference between the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 and other structures of the cylinder head cover 2, and its layout is more compact and reasonable. Moreover, the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 is formed in the cylinder head cover 2 and can be integrally formed with the cylinder head cover 2.

[0039] A small-load passage 31 is formed in the oil-gas separator 3. The small-load passage 31 is used to realize the gas flow in the oil-gas separator 3, and the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 communicates between the small-load passage 31 and the cylinder head intake passage 11. Among them, the oil-gas separator 3 is used to communicate with the blow-by gas leaking from the crankcase. Through the oil-gas separator 3, the blow-by gas can enter the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 and then flow into the cylinder head intake passage 11. And the oil-gas separator 3 is connected to the exhaust side of the cylinder head cover 2, which can absorb more blow-by gas leaking from the crankcase and realize the collection of gas.

[0040] Among them, the cylinder head 1 has a cylinder head top surface 13 for connecting with the cylinder head cover 2. The included angle between the cylinder head top surface 13 and the engine longitudinal center plane 200 is a1, and the included angle between the length direction of the small-load passage 31 and the cylinder head top surface 13 is a2, and it satisfies: 0° < a1 < 90°, 30° ≤ a2 ≤ 90°.

[0041] Specifically, the cylinder head 1 is provided with a cylinder head top surface 13 on the side close to the cylinder head cover 2 for connecting with the cylinder head cover 2. Generally, for a V-type engine, there is an engine longitudinal center plane 200. The extending direction of the cylinder head top surface 13 intersects with the engine longitudinal center plane 200, so that there is an included angle between them, and the included angle is a1. The cylinder head 1 is provided with a cylinder head bottom surface 14 on the side far from the cylinder head cover 2, which can be used to connect with the cylinder block. Generally, the cylinder head top surface 13 is parallel to the cylinder head bottom surface 14, and the extending direction of the cylinder head bottom surface 14 intersects with the engine longitudinal center plane 200. The included angle between the cylinder head bottom surface 14 and the engine longitudinal center plane 200 is also a1, and a1 is half of the V-type angle of the V-type engine, and a1 can take values of: 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, etc. By setting the above multiple values, more engine types can be made.

[0042] And the length direction of the small-load passage 31 intersects with the cylinder head top surface 13, so that there is an included angle between them, and the included angle is a2. a2 can take values of: 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, etc. By setting the above multiple values, more setting methods of the small-load passage 31 can be made. And when a2 is larger, the gas (blow-by gas) separated by the oil-gas separator 3 can combine with the action of gravity and better discharge through the small-load passage 31 of the oil-gas separator 3. Among them, the included angle between the length direction of the small-load passage 31 and the cylinder head top surface 13 cannot be set too small, otherwise the gas flow rate in the small-load passage 31 will be reduced.

[0043] Among them, the angle between the longitudinal direction of the small-load passage 31 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head has a relationship with the angle between the top surface 13 of the cylinder head and the longitudinal center plane 200 of the engine. Generally, the more the longitudinal direction of the small-load passage 31 tends to be vertical, the better, which is more conducive to the blow-by gas flowing out of the oil-gas separator 3 by gravity. Moreover, the length of the vertically arranged small-load passage 31 is shorter, which can increase the flow velocity of the blow-by gas.

[0044] Then, for an in-line engine, the best value of a2 is 90°.

[0045] Furthermore, the working process of an internal combustion engine is usually as follows: after inhaling the air-fuel mixture, it is compressed, and then the air-fuel mixture is ignited or compression-ignited, thereby driving the piston to do work to generate power. A very high pressure will be generated during the compression to combustion of the air-fuel mixture. The compressed air-fuel mixture will escape through the gaps between the piston and the cylinder block, the piston ring openings, the gaps between the piston rings and the cylinder block, etc. and enter the crankcase, thus forming crankcase blow-by. Since the blow-by contains harmful components, it is necessary to inhale the blow-by from the intake system into the combustion chamber, burn it, and then discharge it from the exhaust pipe. Since there is a large amount of high-temperature engine oil and engine oil vapor in the crankcase, the blow-by will carry engine oil vapor to form oil-gas when passing through the crankcase. If this part of the engine oil enters the combustion system directly with the blow-by, it will cause combustion and emission deterioration. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the engine oil droplets in the oil-gas.

[0046] At the same time, when the engine burns fuel, some by-products will be generated, including water vapor, and this water vapor will also escape through the gaps between the piston and the cylinder block, the piston ring openings, the gaps between the piston rings and the cylinder block, etc. and enter the crankcase; in the case of incomplete combustion, more water vapor may be generated. If the engine is in a low-load state for a long time, such as idling or light-load operation, the temperature in the crankcase may not be sufficient to completely evaporate or discharge these water vapors. As these vapors cool down, they will condense into liquid water.

[0047] In cold regions in winter, in extremely cold environments, especially when the outside temperature is low enough, the condensed water droplets in the crankcase passage may freeze to form ice blocks, which will further block the crankcase ventilation pipe. If the crankcase passage is blocked, the fuel vapor in the crankcase cannot be discharged in time, which will affect normal ventilation and oil-gas recovery. After a long time, the pressure in the crankcase will be too high, resulting in oil leakage from the front and rear oil seals of the engine. In severe cases, it may lead to a decline in engine performance or other mechanical failures.

[0048] The cylinder head assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is configured such that the small load passage 31 of the oil-gas separator 3 is in communication with the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 and the cylinder head intake passage 11. This enables the blow-by gas generated after the engine operates to enter the oil-gas separator 3 for oil-gas separation. The separated gas then sequentially enters the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 and the cylinder head intake passage 11 through the small load passage 31, allowing the blow-by gas to be introduced into the combustion chamber for re-combustion. Moreover, by setting the angle a2 between the small load passage 31 and the cylinder head top surface 13 within the range of 30° to 90°, the blow-by gas in the small load passage 31 can rapidly flow towards the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 by virtue of its gravity, enhancing the outflow rate of the blow-by gas in the small load passage 31. This effectively reduces the risk of the separated gas in the small load passage 31 freezing and blocking the gas passage, which could otherwise lead to excessive crankcase pressure, resulting in engine oil leakage, engine performance degradation, or mechanical failures. Consequently, the risk of icing in the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 and the cylinder head intake passage 11 is effectively minimized, improving the reliability of engine operation. Additionally, with the small load passage 31, the cylinder head cover intake passage 21, and the cylinder head intake passage 11 being internally disposed and external pipelines eliminated, it facilitates the engine mounting and layout, effectively reducing the development cost.

[0049] Moreover, there are multiple ways to arrange the small load passage 31, which can be adapted to in-line engines or V-type engines, and the structural layout is reliable, with a wider scope of application.

[0050] In some embodiments, the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 includes a cylinder head cover first passage 211. The cylinder head cover first passage 211 is in communication with the outlet end of the small load passage 31, and the angle between the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head cover first passage 211 and the cylinder head top surface 13 is a3, and it satisfies: 30° ≤ a3 ≤ 90°.

[0051] Specifically, the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 includes a cylinder head cover first passage 211. The inlet end of the cylinder head cover first passage 211 is in communication with the outlet end of the small load passage 31, enabling the blow-by gas separated in the oil-gas separator 3 to enter the small load passage 31 and flow into the cylinder head cover first passage 211 from the outlet end of the small load passage 31. This allows the blow-by gas to enter the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 and then flow into the cylinder head intake passage 11 through multiple other intake passages of the cylinder head cover 2 in sequence.

[0052] Moreover, the extending direction of the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover intersects with the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, such that there is an included angle therebetween, and the included angle is a3. The value of a3 can be: 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, etc. By setting the above multiple values, the setting method of the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover can be more diverse. And when a3 is larger, the gas (blow-by gas) flowing into the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover can combine with the action of gravity and better flow out through the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover.

[0053] Among them, the included angle between the length direction of the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head cannot be set too small, otherwise the flow rate of the gas in the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover will be reduced.

[0054] Thus, through the above settings, it is convenient to reduce the obstruction of the airway change from the small load channel 31 to the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover to the flow of the separated gas, and the pressure loss of the intake channel can be effectively reduced to meet the required flow rate of the gas.

[0055] In some embodiments, it satisfies: a2 = a3. That is to say, the included angle between the length direction of the small load channel 31 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head is equal to the included angle between the length direction of the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, which can make the extending direction of the small load channel 31 consistent with the extending direction of the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover, so that the flow state of the gas after oil-gas separation in the small load channel 31 and the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover is the same. In this way, a particularly high passing efficiency can be formed for the gas in the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover, the flow resistance at the outlet end of the small load channel 31 of the oil-gas separator 3 can be effectively reduced, and the risk of affecting the unsmooth exhaust of the oil-gas separator 3 and reducing the oil-gas separation efficiency can be prevented. Furthermore, the flow rate of the blow-by gas in the crankcase in the small load channel 31 and the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover can be increased, the oil-gas separation efficiency can be improved, and the risk of icing of the small load channel 31 and the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover in an extremely cold environment can be reduced.

[0056] Moreover, the included angle between the length direction of the small load channel 31 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head and the included angle between the length direction of the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head can also be set to be unequal, but the included angle between the length direction of the first channel 211 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head can be set to be close to the included angle between the length direction of the small load channel 31 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head according to the actual space size, as long as the flow resistance at the outlet end of the small load channel 31 of the oil-gas separator 3 can be reduced.

[0057] In some embodiments, the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 further includes a cylinder head cover second passage 212, a cylinder head cover third passage 213, and a cylinder head cover fourth passage 214 that are sequentially communicated with the cylinder head cover first passage 211. An included angle is formed between the longitudinal directions of any two adjacent ones of the cylinder head cover first passage 211, the cylinder head cover second passage 212, the cylinder head cover third passage 213, and the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214. The cylinder head cover fourth passage 214 is communicated with the cylinder head intake passage 11.

[0058] Among them, the oil-gas separator 3 is connected above the cylinder head cover 2 and is located on the exhaust side of the cylinder head cover 2. It can be arranged parallel to the mounting surface of the cylinder head cover 2 or at a certain angle with the mounting surface of the cylinder head cover 2. A small-load passage 31 is formed inside the oil-gas separator 3.

[0059] Specifically, there are four cylinder head cover intake passages 21. The cylinder head cover intake passage 21 further includes a cylinder head cover second passage 212, a cylinder head cover third passage 213, and a cylinder head cover fourth passage 214 that are sequentially communicated. The outlet end of the cylinder head cover first passage 211 is communicated with the inlet end of the cylinder head cover second passage 212, that is, the cylinder head cover first passage 211, the cylinder head cover second passage 212, the cylinder head cover third passage 213, and the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214 are sequentially communicated from the exhaust side to the intake side, and the outlet end of the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214 is communicated with the cylinder head intake passage 11, so as to form a complete gas passage for the oil-gas separator 3, the cylinder head cover 2, and the cylinder head 1.

[0060] Further, during the small-load operation mode of the engine, the blow-by gas in the crankcase enters the oil-gas separator 3. The gas separated by the oil-gas separator 3 flows to the small-load passage 31, then sequentially flows into the cylinder head cover first passage 211, the cylinder head cover second passage 212, the cylinder head cover third passage 213, and the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214, and then enters the cylinder head intake passage 11 from the outlet end of the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214, and finally enters the combustion chamber for combustion.

[0061] Among them, an included angle is formed between the longitudinal directions of any two adjacent ones of the cylinder head cover first passage 211, the cylinder head cover second passage 212, the cylinder head cover third passage 213, and the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214. That is to say, the cylinder head first passage 111 can intersect with the cylinder head second passage 112, or the cylinder head cover second passage 212 intersects with the cylinder head cover third passage 213, or the cylinder head cover third passage 213 intersects with the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214. Its setting methods are diverse and can be flexibly selected.

[0062] Specifically, as Figure 2As shown, the extending directions of the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 are all different and intersect with each other. Moreover, the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 are all located outside the valve chamber cavity 24 of the cylinder head cover 2. The space outside the valve chamber cavity 24 can be utilized to arrange the intake passages 11 of the four cylinders, making the overall structure layout more compact. Also, the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 are all arranged inside the cylinder head cover 2, eliminating the external pipelines, facilitating the engine installation layout, and effectively reducing the development cost.

[0063] Thus, through the above settings, the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 can respectively form certain inclination angles, enabling the blow-by gas to flow in the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 by gravity, so as to increase the gas flow rate, make the air flow stably flow into the cylinder head intake passage 11, reduce the local high pressure caused by uneven pressure, avoid leakage, and ensure the reliability of the engine.

[0064] Among them, as Figure 2 shown, the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the third cylinder head cover passage 213 are provided with plugs 23 at the ends far from each other, which can block the ends of the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the third cylinder head cover passage 213 far from each other to avoid gas leakage. And the cylinder head cover 2 is provided with two valve chamber cavities 24 on the side close to the cylinder head 1. The two valve chamber cavities 24 are respectively distributed corresponding to the intake valve and the exhaust valve. And an intake camshaft hole 25 is provided in the valve chamber cavity 24 on the intake side for installing the intake camshaft. The opening and closing of the intake valve can be precisely controlled by the rotation of the intake camshaft. And an exhaust camshaft hole 26 is provided in the valve chamber cavity 24 on the exhaust side for installing the exhaust camshaft. The opening and closing of the exhaust valve can be precisely controlled by the rotation of the exhaust camshaft.

[0065] In some embodiments, the included angle between the length direction of the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the cylinder head top surface 13 is a4, and the included angle between the length direction of the third cylinder head cover passage 213 and the cylinder head top surface 13 is a5, and it satisfies: a5 ≤ a4 ≤ a3.

[0066] Specifically, the extending direction of the second cover channel 212 of the cylinder head cover intersects with the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, such that there is an included angle therebetween, and the included angle is a4, and the extending direction of the third cover channel 213 of the cylinder head cover intersects with the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, such that there is an included angle therebetween, and the included angle is a5. Among them, the second cover channel 212 and the third cover channel 213 of the cylinder head cover are the rear-section channels of the first cover channel 211 of the cylinder head cover. During design, a4 and a5 respectively have a certain relationship with a3. In actual design, a4 and a5 can be respectively less than a3, and a4 and a5 can be respectively equal to a3. Their setting methods are diverse and can be set according to the actual space.

[0067] And when a4 and a5 are respectively set to be less than or equal to a3, the gas (blow-by gas) in the first cover channel 211 of the cylinder head cover can more easily flow through the second cover channel 212 and the third cover channel 213 of the cylinder head cover in sequence to the fourth cover channel 214 of the cylinder head cover, thereby increasing the gas flow rate in the intake cover channel 21 of the cylinder head cover, so that the gas separated by the oil-gas separator 3 flows into the cylinder head intake channel 11 through the intake cover channel 21 of the cylinder head cover.

[0068] Among them, the included angle between a4 and a5 can be different. At this time, a5 can be set to be less than a4, which can accelerate the gas flow rate from the second cover channel 212 to the third cover channel 213 of the cylinder head cover, and a5 and a4 can also be the same. And for an in-line engine, the second cover channel 212 and the third cover channel 213 of the cylinder head cover can be integrated into one channel, reducing the number of gas channels and making it more convenient for the blow-by gas to flow in the channel.

[0069] In some embodiments, it satisfies: a4 ≤ a1 ≤ a3. That is to say, the included angle between the length direction of the first cover channel 211 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head is greater than or equal to the included angle between the top surface 13 of the cylinder head and the longitudinal center plane 200 of the engine, and the included angle between the top surface 13 of the cylinder head and the longitudinal center plane 200 of the engine is greater than or equal to the included angle between the length direction of the second cover channel 212 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, and, the included angle between the length direction of the second cover channel 212 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head is greater than or equal to the included angle between the length direction of the third cover channel 213 of the cylinder head cover and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, that is, a5 ≤ a4 ≤ a1 ≤ a3. In this way, when the magnitudes of the four included angles are different, and in the transverse direction of the engine, along with the flow direction of the blow-by gas in the intake cover channel 21 of the cylinder head cover, the first cover channel 211, the second cover channel 212, and the third cover channel 213 of the cylinder head cover are continuously lowered, and the blow-by gas can better utilize the gravity difference to be discharged from the intake cover channel 21 of the cylinder head cover.

[0070] Among them, such as Figure 2As shown, the angles between the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the third cylinder head cover passage 213 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head are the same, and the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the third cylinder head cover passage 213 are symmetrically distributed relative to their connection, and the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the third cylinder head cover passage 213 decrease in sequence to increase the flow velocity of the air flow, and the entire intake passage 21 of the cylinder head cover is reasonably arranged and occupies a small space, improving the space utilization rate of the cylinder head cover 2.

[0071] Thus, through the above settings, in cold regions or extremely cold environments in winter, when the engine is operating under a small load, it can effectively reduce the risk of the separated gas in the small load passage 31 freezing and blocking the gas passage, resulting in too high crankcase pressure, and further causing engine oil leakage, engine performance degradation, and mechanical failure problems, effectively reducing the risk of ice formation in the crankcase ventilation passage.

[0072] In some embodiments, the distance between the inlet end of the first cylinder head cover passage 211 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head is h1, and the distance between the inlet end of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head is h2, and it satisfies: h1 > h2.

[0073] Specifically, the cylinder head cover 2 is connected to the upper part of the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, and the inlet end of the first cylinder head cover passage 211 is higher than the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, that is, the inlet end of the first cylinder head cover passage 211 is spaced apart from the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, and the distance between the inlet end of the first cylinder head cover passage 211 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head is h1, and the inlet end of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 is higher than the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, that is, the inlet end of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 is spaced apart from the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, and the distance between the inlet end of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 and the top surface 13 of the cylinder head is h2, where h1 > h2, which can effectively utilize the gravity height difference, facilitate the flow of the blow-by gas in the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 to the cylinder head intake passage 11, and improve the flow rate of the blow-by gas.

[0074] And as Figure 2 shown, the blow-by gas in the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the third cylinder head cover passage 213 flows downward in sequence, more effectively increasing the flow rate from the first cylinder head cover passage 211 to the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214, and further increasing the flow rate of the air flow flowing to the cylinder head intake passage 11.

[0075] In some embodiments, the inner diameters of the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 are all configured to be greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the small load passage 31.

[0076] In this way, the cross-sectional areas of the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 can all be greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the low-load passage 31, which can increase the flow area of the gas flowing from the low-load passage 31 to the cylinder head cover intake passage 21, thereby improving the gas permeability and further reducing the risk of the separated gas in the low-load passage 31 freezing and blocking the gas passage.

[0077] Specifically, the inner diameters of the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 can be set to be all greater than the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31, or the inner diameters of the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 can be set to be all equal to the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31, both of which can keep the gas at a certain flow rate and improve the gas permeability.

[0078] As Figure 2 shown, the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31 is b1, the inner diameter of the first cylinder head cover passage 211 is b2, the inner diameter of the second cylinder head cover passage 212 is b3, the inner diameter of the third cylinder head cover passage 213 is b4, the inner diameter of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 is b5, and the inner diameter of the first cylinder head cover passage 211 can be set to be equal to the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31, and the inner diameters of the second cylinder head cover passage 212 and the third cylinder head cover passage 213 are both greater than the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31, and the inner diameter of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 is equal to the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31.

[0079] Among them, the inner diameters of the first cylinder head cover passage 211, the second cylinder head cover passage 212, the third cylinder head cover passage 213, and the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 cannot be less than the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31. When the inner diameters of the above four passages are less than the inner diameter of the low-load passage 31, the gas flow area will be reduced, the gas permeability will be decreased, and the risk of the separated gas in the low-load passage 31 freezing and blocking the gas passage will increase during long-term operation.

[0080] And as Figure 2 shown, the length direction of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 intersects with the top surface 13 of the cylinder head, and the included angle between them is a6. In this way, the gas in the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 can flow into the cylinder head intake passage 11 from the cylinder head cover 2 along a certain inclination angle, which improves the gas flow velocity.

[0081] In some embodiments, the cylinder head intake passage 11 includes a cylinder head first passage 111, a cylinder head second passage 112, and a cylinder head third passage 113 that are connected in sequence. The cylinder head first passage 111 is connected to the cylinder head cover intake passage 21. The cylinder head 1 is further provided with an engine intake passage 12 for communicating with the combustion chamber, and the cylinder head third passage 113 is connected to the engine intake passage 12.

[0082] Specifically, multiple cylinder head intake passages 11 may be provided. In this embodiment, three cylinder head intake passages 11 are provided, namely a cylinder head first passage 111, a cylinder head second passage 112, and a cylinder head third passage 113. The cylinder head first passage 111, the cylinder head second passage 112, and the cylinder head third passage 113 are connected in sequence. The inlet end of the cylinder head first passage 111 is connected to the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214 of the cylinder head cover intake passage 21, allowing the gas in the cylinder head cover fourth passage 214 to flow into the cylinder head first passage 111.

[0083] The cylinder head 1 is provided with an engine intake passage 12 for accommodating fresh gas from the outside. The engine intake passage 12 is connected to the combustion chamber, allowing the fresh gas from the outside to enter the combustion chamber to achieve the combustion of the engine. The outlet end of the cylinder head third passage 113 is connected to the engine intake passage 12, allowing the gas in the cylinder head third passage 113 to flow into the engine intake passage 12. In this way, blow-by gas can enter the engine intake passage 12, and the blow-by gas and the fresh gas enter the combustion chamber together, enabling the re-combustion of the blow-by gas.

[0084] In some embodiments, the upper end of the cylinder head first passage 111 is connected to the lower end of the cylinder head cover intake passage 21. The lower end of the cylinder head first passage 111 is bent and connected to one end of the cylinder head second passage 112. The other end of the cylinder head second passage 112 is connected to the upper end of the cylinder head third passage 113. The lower end of the cylinder head third passage 113 is connected to the engine intake passage 12.

[0085] Specifically, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the first cylinder head passage 111, the second cylinder head passage 112, and the third cylinder head passage 113 are connected in sequence in the up-down direction. The lower end of the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 is connected to the upper end of the first cylinder head passage 111. In this embodiment, the lower end of the fourth cylinder head cover passage 214 is connected to the upper end of the first cylinder head passage 111, and the lower end of the first cylinder head passage 111 is bent and connected to one end of the second cylinder head passage 112. Among them, the second cylinder head passage 112 extends along the distribution direction of multiple combustion chambers, that is, the length direction of the second cylinder head passage 112 intersects with the length direction of the first cylinder head passage 111, which can realize their arrangement on different planes. And the other end of the second cylinder head passage 112 is connected to the upper end of the third cylinder head passage 113, and the third cylinder head passage 113 is on the same plane as the first cylinder head passage 111 and is distributed on a different plane from the second cylinder head passage 112. And the lower end of the third cylinder head passage 113 is connected to the engine intake passage 12, which can form a complete air flow path from the cylinder head cover intake passage 21, the cylinder head intake passage 11 to the engine intake passage 12.

[0086] Further, the gas after oil-gas separation flows into the first cylinder head passage 111 from the lower end of the cylinder head cover intake passage 21, flows downward from the lower end of the first cylinder head passage 111 into the second cylinder head passage 112, and the gas in the second cylinder head passage 112 can flow along its extension direction to multiple combustion chambers. And the gas in the second cylinder head passage 112 flows downward into the third cylinder head passage 113, then flows into the engine intake passage 12 from the lower end of the third cylinder head passage 113, and finally flows into the combustion chamber together with the fresh air in the engine intake passage 12 for combustion.

[0087] Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the oil-gas separator 3 is located in the middle of multiple combustion chambers, and the small-load passage 31 and the cylinder head cover intake passage 21 are distributed along the middle of multiple combustion chambers, and the engine intake passage 12 is arranged in a matching manner with the number of combustion chambers, which can make the gas in the engine intake passage 12 flow into the combustion chamber at a high speed and improve the combustion efficiency of the engine. And each engine intake passage 12 is connected to at least one third cylinder head passage 113, which can make the gas flow into each engine intake passage 12 and can make the gas in the second cylinder head passage 112 be more evenly distributed into each engine intake passage 12.

[0088] Thus, by arranging the first cylinder head passage 111 and the second cylinder head passage 112 to be bent and connected, the two can be distributed on different planes, enabling the air flow in one first cylinder head passage 111 to flow through the second cylinder head passage 112 to multiple combustion chambers and then into the corresponding engine intake passages 12 through the third cylinder head passages 113 corresponding to each combustion chamber. In this way, the gas distribution flowing into different engine intake passages 12 can be made more uniform, avoiding excessive gas in a single engine intake passage 12, which may cause abnormal combustion, improving the operating stability and safety of the engine. Moreover, the overall gas passage layout is simple and convenient for machining, reducing the machining cost.

[0089] In some embodiments, the cylinder head cover 2 is made of a metal material. The metal material has good thermal conductivity, which helps the engine quickly reach the optimal working temperature and facilitates heat exchange between the engine and the cooling system. It can reduce the temperature of the cylinder head cover 2, keep the engine temperature within a stable range, improve the working efficiency of the engine. Also, the metal material is easy to machine and can achieve high machining precision, which helps improve the machining precision and performance of the intake passage 21 of the cylinder head cover.

[0090] The metal material includes aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy. That is to say, the cylinder head cover 2 can be made of aluminum alloy or the cylinder head cover 2 can also be made of magnesium alloy, with diverse setting methods and flexible selection. Aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy are lightweight, have good heat transfer ability and good machining performance. In this way, the weight of the cylinder head cover 2 can be made lighter, reducing the overall weight of the engine, meeting the lightweight design requirements. Also, they have good heat transfer performance, facilitating heat transfer between the cylinder head cover 2 and the cylinder head 1 to meet the heat requirements of the engine. Moreover, they have good machining performance, being convenient for machining the intake passage 21 of the cylinder head cover and ensuring the reliability of the gas passage to improve the stability of gas flow.

[0091] The present invention also proposes an engine.

[0092] An engine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the cylinder head assembly 100 of any one of the above embodiments. The cylinder head assembly 100 is a part of the engine structure. The cylinder head assembly 100 includes an oil-gas separator 3, a cylinder head cover 2, and a cylinder head 1. By providing the small-load channel 31 of the oil-gas separator 3 to communicate with the cylinder head cover intake channel 21 and the cylinder head intake channel 11, the blow-by gas generated after the engine works that enters the oil-gas separator 3 can be subjected to oil-gas separation in the oil-gas separator 3. The separated gas sequentially enters the cylinder head cover intake channel 21 and the cylinder head intake channel 11 from the small-load channel 31, and the blow-by gas can be introduced into the combustion chamber for re-combustion. Moreover, by setting the included angle a2 between the small-load channel 31 and the cylinder head top surface 13 within the range of 30° to 90°, the blow-by gas in the small-load channel 31 can flow rapidly towards the cylinder head cover intake channel 21 by using its gravity, improving the outflow rate of the blow-by gas in the small-load channel 31. This can effectively reduce the risk of the separated gas in the small-load channel 31 freezing and blocking the gas passage, resulting in too high crankcase pressure, and further leading to engine oil leakage, engine performance degradation, or mechanical failure problems. Furthermore, it can effectively reduce the risk of the cylinder head cover intake channel 21 and the cylinder head intake channel 11 freezing, and improve the reliability of the engine operation.

[0093] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0094] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cylinder head assembly, characterized in that: include: A cylinder head, wherein a cylinder head air intake passage is formed in the cylinder head; A cylinder head cover and an oil-gas separator, wherein the cylinder head cover is connected to the upper portion of the cylinder head, the oil-gas separator is connected to the upper portion of the cylinder head cover, a cylinder head cover air intake passage is formed in the cylinder head cover, a small load passage is formed in the oil-gas separator, and the cylinder head cover air intake passage is communicated between the small load passage and the cylinder head air intake passage; Wherein, the cylinder head has a cylinder head top surface for connecting to the cylinder head cover, the angle between the cylinder head top surface and the longitudinal center plane of the engine is a1, the angle between the length direction of the small load channel and the cylinder head top surface is a2, and satisfies: 0°<a1<90°, 30°≤a2≤90°.

2. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder head cover intake passage includes a cylinder head cover first passage, the cylinder head cover first passage is connected to the outlet end of the small load passage, the included angle between the length direction of the cylinder head cover first passage and the cylinder head top surface is a3, and satisfies: 30°≤a3≤90°.

3. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: Satisfies: a2=a3.

4. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder head cover intake passage also includes a cylinder head cover second channel, a cylinder head cover third channel and a cylinder head cover fourth channel which are sequentially connected to the cylinder head cover first channel, and any two adjacent ones of the cylinder head cover first channel, the cylinder head cover second channel, the cylinder head cover third channel and the cylinder head cover fourth channel form an angle in their length directions, and the cylinder head cover fourth channel is connected to the cylinder head intake passage.

5. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angle between the length direction of the second channel of the cylinder head cover and the top surface of the cylinder head is a4, the included angle between the length direction of the third channel of the cylinder head cover and the top surface of the cylinder head is a5, and the following is satisfied: a5≤a4≤a3.

6. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: Satisfies: a4≤a1≤a3.

7. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the inlet end of the first channel of the cylinder head cover and the top surface of the cylinder head is h1, the distance between the inlet end of the fourth channel of the cylinder head cover and the top surface of the cylinder head is h2, and the relationship: h1>h2 is satisfied.

8. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the first passage of the cylinder head cover, the second passage of the cylinder head cover, the third passage of the cylinder head cover, and the fourth passage of the cylinder head cover are all configured to be greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the small load passage.

9. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder head intake passage comprises a first cylinder head passage, a second cylinder head passage and a third cylinder head passage which are connected in sequence, the first cylinder head passage is connected to the cylinder head cover intake passage, the cylinder head is further provided with an engine intake passage for connecting to a combustion chamber, and the third cylinder head passage is connected to the engine intake passage; And / or, the upper end of the first channel of the cylinder head is connected to the lower end of the cylinder head cover intake channel, the lower end of the first channel of the cylinder head is connected to one end of the second channel of the cylinder head by a bend, the other end of the second channel of the cylinder head is connected to the upper end of the third channel of the cylinder head, and the lower end of the third channel of the cylinder head is connected to the engine intake duct.

10. An engine, characterized in that: A cylinder head assembly comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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