Damping device, damping method and low-temperature refrigerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a damping device, a damping method and a low-temperature refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of damping. The damping device comprises a fixing structure used for installing seismic source equipment on target equipment; the upper end of the upper-end corrugated pipe is mounted on the fixing structure, and the lower end of the upper-end corrugated pipe is connected with the seismic source equipment; the upper end of the lower-end corrugated pipe is connected with the seismic source equipment, the lower end of the lower-end corrugated pipe is communicated with the target equipment, and the lower-end corrugated pipe is used for conveying a medium transmitted by the seismic source equipment to the target equipment; and the gas control module is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper-end corrugated pipe and is used for controlling the gas pressure in the upper-end corrugated pipe so as to change the length of the upper-end corrugated pipe. By adopting the damping device, the length of the corrugated pipe can be changed by adjusting the air pressure in the corrugated pipe at the upper end, so that the vibration frequency is changed, vibration isolation and frequency adjustment are realized, the stability of medium conveying is ensured, and the adaptability and the overall reliability of the damping device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shock absorption, and particularly to a shock absorption device, a shock absorption method and a cryogenic refrigerator. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a cryogenic refrigerator and its related equipment, a vibration source device often needs to transport a cryogenic medium to a target device. During this process, the vibration generated by the vibration source device will directly affect the stability and working performance of the target device. Especially in occasions that require high sealing, such vibration may cause medium leakage and affect the refrigeration effect.

[0003] Traditionally, for shock absorption treatment, elastic devices such as springs are usually used to mount the vibration source device on a frame to offset the vibration. However, this method has limitations when facing high sealing requirements and cannot effectively prevent the overflow of the medium. To overcome these defects, the current improvement measure is to use a bellows to replace the spring as a shock absorption support and connecting piece to reduce the self-vibration of the vibration load and improve the airtightness of the transported medium.

[0004] Although using a bellows can absorb shock to a certain extent, it still faces problems in practical applications. When the vibration source device transmits different media, the vibration frequencies generated may be different, which leads to the occurrence of resonance, thereby reducing the shock absorption effect. In addition, when the self-weight of the vibration source device is relatively large, it may cause one end of the bellows to elongate and the other end to shorten, even exceeding the expansion and contraction limit of the bellows, resulting in more serious impacts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a shock absorption device, a shock absorption method and a cryogenic refrigerator that can balance the mass of the vibration source and improve the shock absorption effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, a shock absorption device according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention is for shock absorption of a vibration source device and reducing the transmission of its vibration to a target device, and includes: A fixing structure for mounting the vibration source device on the target device; An upper bellows, the upper end of which is mounted on the fixing structure and the lower end of which is connected to the vibration source device; A lower bellows, the upper end of which is connected to the vibration source device and the lower end of which communicates with the target device, and the lower bellows is used for transporting the medium transmitted by the vibration source device to the target device; A gas control module communicating with the inner cavity of the upper bellows, for controlling the air pressure in the upper bellows to change the length of the upper bellows.

[0007] A shock absorption method according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention is applied to the shock absorption device according to the first aspect embodiment, and the method includes: During the operation of the shock absorption device, detect the vibration conditions generated by the vibration source device, the upper bellows, and the lower bellows. If the vibration conditions meet the preset shock absorption conditions, adjust the air pressure in the first sealing chamber of the upper bellows to change the length of the upper bellows, so as to reduce the vibration generated by the vibration source device, the upper bellows, and the lower bellows.

[0008] An embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention provides a cryogenic refrigerator, which includes the shock absorption device proposed in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0009] An embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a cryogenic refrigerator, which includes the shock absorption method proposed in the embodiment of the second aspect.

[0010] In the above shock absorption method, shock absorption device, and cryogenic refrigerator, the vibration source device is installed on the target device through a fixed structure. The upper bellows is connected to the fixed structure and the air pressure is adjusted through a gas control module to change the length of the bellows, thereby changing the vibration frequency and effectively absorbing and suppressing the transmission of vibration. At the same time, the lower bellows connects the vibration source device and the target device, is responsible for transmitting the medium, and maintains the continuity and tightness of the medium flow. This shock absorption device not only realizes vibration isolation and frequency adjustment, but also ensures the stability of medium transportation, improves the adaptability and overall reliability of the shock absorption device. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a shock absorption device in an embodiment; Figure 2 It is another schematic structural diagram of a shock absorption device in an embodiment; Figure 3 It is still another schematic structural diagram of a shock absorption device in an embodiment; Figure 4 It is a schematic flowchart of a shock absorption control method in an embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic flowchart of suppressing resonance in an embodiment.

[0012] Description of the Drawings: Fixed structure 10; Upper bellows 11; Lower bellows 12; Gas control module 13; Third device 14; Mounting member 20; Support member 30; First support portion 301; First fixing portion 302; Second support portion 303; Mounting portion 304; Third support portion 305; Second fixing portion 306. Detailed Embodiments

[0013] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the following further details this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0014] The following details the implementation details of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0015] Figures 1 to 3 Schematic diagrams of different shock-absorbing devices are respectively shown. The shock-absorbing device is applicable to the vibration conditions generated during the operation of the seismic source device, can effectively reduce the transmission of vibration to the target device, and improves the overall stability and reliability of the system. The structure and working principle of the shock-absorbing device will be detailed below through different embodiments.

[0016] In one embodiment, a shock-absorbing device is provided. The shock-absorbing device includes a fixed structure 10, an upper bellows 11, a lower bellows 12, and a gas control module 13.

[0017] The fixed structure 10 is used to stably mount the seismic source device on the target device, has sufficient structural strength, provides overall support and fixation, and can withstand the loads and dynamic reaction forces generated during the operation of the seismic source device. In practical applications, the fixed structure 10 can be arranged on the top of the target device and form a rigid connection relationship with the target device through connection methods such as welding.

[0018] The upper end of the upper bellows 11 is stably mounted on the fixed structure 10, and the lower end is connected to the seismic source device. The upper bellows 11 is a closed sealed structure, and an internal sealed cavity is formed, which can communicate with the gas control module 13. The gas control module 13 can selectively fill or extract gas into the cavity of the upper bellows 11 as needed to adjust the air pressure inside the upper bellows 11. By adjusting the air pressure, the upper bellows 11 can change in the length direction, and this change can change the response characteristics of the vibration frequency of the system. Thus, the gas control module 13 can achieve dynamic adjustment of the vibration frequency of the system by precisely adjusting the air pressure inside the upper bellows 11, thereby improving the shock-absorbing effect of the shock-absorbing device.

[0019] The upper end of the lower bellows 12 is connected to the seismic source device, and the lower end is connected to the target device to form a medium transmission path. This path is used to transport the medium output by the seismic source device to the inside of the target device for subsequent processing, realize the stable installation of the seismic source device, and ensure the smooth transportation of the medium.

[0020] It should be noted that the seismic source device and the target device do not belong to the shock-absorbing device components of the present invention. They are external devices in the application environment of the shock-absorbing device. The seismic source device is a device that generates vibrations and is the vibration source that the shock-absorbing device of the present invention needs to control and isolate vibrations; the target device is used to receive the medium transmitted by the seismic source device.

[0021] In this embodiment, by providing that the sealed upper bellows 11 communicates with the gas control module 13, it is possible to realize a controllable change in the length of the upper bellows 11 by adjusting the air pressure inside the upper bellows 11, thereby dynamically adjusting the vibration frequency of the system and enhancing the shock-absorbing effect and stability of the shock-absorbing device.

[0022] In one embodiment, to achieve a more excellent shock-absorbing effect, the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 in the shock-absorbing device are designed to be coaxially arranged, and their axes are in the same upright direction, that is, arranged vertically. By arranging the two bellows in a vertically coaxial manner, the entire system realizes structural symmetry and balance, which is beneficial to the balanced force of the seismic source device and is also convenient for the effective control of the vibration direction.

[0023] The seismic source device is arranged between the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 and is suspended vertically. To enable the seismic source device to reach an ideal suspended state, the inside of the upper bellows 11 is adjusted to a negative pressure state through the gas control module 13. When the negative pressure acts on the internal space of the bellows, the bellows generates an axial suction force in the vertical direction, and this suction force acts on the connected seismic source device, causing it to receive an upward pulling force. Under this working condition, a balance is formed between the suction force generated by the upper bellows 11 on the seismic source device and its own weight, enabling the seismic source device to be adsorbed between the two bellows and making the seismic source device in a suspended or partially suspended working state.

[0024] When the seismic source device is in a suspended state, the seismic source device relies on the combined action of the air pressure difference and the elastic support of the bellows, which can significantly reduce the path of vibration transmission outward and further enhance the anti-resonance ability of the shock-absorbing device in the vertical direction.

[0025] In practical applications, the negative pressure inside the upper bellows 11 can be realized through the gas control module 13. The gas control module 13 can monitor and regulate the pressure inside the bellows in real time, so that the seismic source device remains in a dynamically balanced position. For example, in the initial stage of operation, when the seismic source device has not reached the balanced position, the system can quickly increase the suction force by reducing the internal pressure of the upper bellows 11 to make it approach the target suspension height; while in the steady-state operation stage, a constant negative pressure is maintained to ensure the stable suspension of the seismic source device in the vertical direction.

[0026] It should be noted that although the seismic source device is on the ideal vertical axis in this embodiment, in practical applications, the shock absorption device has a certain tolerance ability and can adapt to offsets within a certain range. Even if there is a slight axis offset or tilt, the vibration isolation and shock absorption functions can still be effectively achieved.

[0027] In this embodiment, by coaxially arranging the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 in the vertical direction and forming a negative pressure suction inside the upper bellows 11 to suspend the seismic source device therein, the transmission of the natural vibration of the seismic source device to the target device can be minimized, and the vibration isolation performance and stability of the overall system can be improved.

[0028] In one embodiment, to further improve the shock absorption performance and working stability of the device, the diameter of the upper bellows 11 is set to be larger than that of the lower bellows 12, which helps to enhance the negative pressure adsorption ability and also provides a more stable vertical suspension support for the seismic source device, so as to achieve the reliable suspension of the seismic source device without relying on other external support devices.

[0029] Specifically, a seismic source device is provided between the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 arranged in the vertical direction. During the operation of the system, the upper bellows 11 forms an internal negative pressure through the gas control module 13, and this negative pressure acts above the connected seismic source device to generate an upward suction force. When the diameter of the upper bellows 11 is larger than that of the lower bellows 12, on the one hand, the larger cross-sectional area of the upper bellows 11 can be utilized to form a larger total suction force. On the other hand, the suction force generated by the larger diameter of the upper bellows 11 can also balance or overcome the force generated by the lower bellows 12 and the self-weight of the device, ensuring that the seismic source device is always in the predetermined working position in the vertical direction.

[0030] In practical applications, even if the lower bellows 12 is also in a negative pressure state in a specific application, due to the relatively small diameter of the lower bellows 12, the relatively small diameter means that the total suction force generated by its negative pressure is limited and is not sufficient to offset or destroy the suspension force provided by the upper bellows 11. Therefore, the seismic source device can still stably be in an approximate suspended state.

[0031] In this embodiment, through the optimized design that the diameter of the upper bellows 11 is larger than that of the lower bellows 12, the shock absorption device can form a suspended support state without the need for other auxiliary means. Even in the case of negative pressure interference from the lower bellows 12, the shock absorption performance and stability of the system can be maintained.

[0032] In one embodiment, the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 of the shock-absorbing device respectively form independent and sealed negative-pressure cavities, specifically including a first sealed cavity disposed inside the upper bellows 11 and a second sealed cavity disposed inside the lower bellows 12. Among them, the air pressures in the first sealed cavity and the second sealed cavity are both set to be lower than the air pressure of the external environment where the shock-absorbing device is located.

[0033] Here, the air pressure in the first sealed cavity is set to a negative-pressure state lower than the atmospheric pressure to cooperate with the upper bellows 11 to provide an adsorption force to the vibration source device. And the air pressure in the second sealed cavity is set to a negative-pressure state lower than the atmospheric pressure, which can reduce the reaction force of the structure to the vibration response, thereby enhancing the overall vibration isolation effect. Based on this, when the vibration source device generates vibrations, since the internal air pressure is lower than the ambient air pressure, the bellows can absorb and disperse the vibrations more flexibly without causing violent changes in the bellows due to sudden changes in air pressure, enhancing the support effect and shock-absorbing effect of the bellows on the vibration source device and effectively alleviating the impact of vibrations on the device.

[0034] In this embodiment, by establishing independent low-pressure sealed cavities for the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 and ensuring that the internal air pressure is always lower than the external air pressure of the device, the isolation performance of the system against vibration interference is improved, and at the same time, a stable suspension and support foundation is provided for the vibration source device.

[0035] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the fixing structure 10 of the shock-absorbing device is directly fixed to the target device. Specifically, the fixing structure 10 is designed to be able to firmly connect to the body surface of the target device, usually achieved by rigid connection means, so as to form a stable and immovable connection relationship between the fixing structure 10 and the target device. On the basis of achieving a firm installation, the vibration source device and the target device form an integrated structure, and then ensure that the loads and dynamic reaction forces generated during the operation of the vibration source device can be effectively transmitted to the target device body through the fixing structure 10.

[0036] In one embodiment, when the fixing structure 10 is directly fixed to the target device, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the fixing structure 10 further includes a mounting member 20 and a support member 30, which are used to realize the structural positioning of the upper bellows 11 and the stable connection of the entire shock-absorbing system to enhance the stability of the shock-absorbing device.

[0037] The mounting member 20 is used to mount the upper bellows 11. As a direct mounting platform for the upper bellows 11, it provides an accurate and firm mounting position for the upper bellows 11. The upper bellows 11, as a key shock-absorbing element, bears and transmits the axial vibration from the vibration source equipment during operation. Therefore, the mounting member 20 must have sufficient structural strength and connection stiffness to prevent the bellows from experiencing displacement, loosening, or performance degradation due to vibration. In practical applications, the mounting member 20 can be made of metal, with high rigidity and excellent corrosion resistance, and is firmly connected to the joint part of the upper bellows 11 through welding, bolt connection, or other mechanical fixing methods.

[0038] The support member 30, on the other hand, is used to provide an overall support foundation for the mounting member 20. A rigid connection structure is adopted between the support member 30 and the mounting member 20, making the two form a rigid whole in the force transmission path, thereby effectively avoiding structural resonance caused by relative displacement or insufficient stiffness at the connection part. The support member 30 is also suitable for being fixed on the target equipment. The arrangement method of the support member 30 has a certain adaptability. For example, Figure 2 as shown, the support member 30 can be directly fixed on the target equipment, making the shock-absorbing device form an integrated structure with the target equipment; as Figure 1 shown, the support member 30 can also be indirectly connected to the target equipment. In practical applications, the support member 30 can be realized in the form of a frame, a support, or a bracket according to the actual use scenario.

[0039] The rigid connection between the mounting member 20 and the support member 30 ensures the structural integrity of the shock-absorbing device. When the vibration source equipment is operating, the vibration generated by it is transmitted upward through the upper bellows 11, and acts on the support member 30 via the mounting member 20, and then is transmitted to the target equipment mounting surface.

[0040] In one embodiment, the fixing structure 10 of the shock-absorbing device not only serves to fix the vibration source equipment on the target equipment, but also has a channel provided on the fixing structure 10, enabling the lower bellows 12 to be indirectly connected to the target equipment through the channel in the fixing structure 10 to achieve unobstructed connection for medium transportation.

[0041] Specifically, one end of the lower bellows 12 is connected to the vibration source equipment in a reliable manner, while the other end is firmly fixed on the fixing structure 10. To ensure the continuity and tightness of the medium transportation from the vibration source equipment to the target equipment, a preset channel is provided inside the fixing structure 10, and this channel is used to connect the fluid path between the lower bellows 12 and the target equipment. In practical applications, the installation position of the lower bellows 12 is connected to the channel of the fixing structure 10. After the medium is output from the vibration source equipment, it enters the fixing structure 10 through the lower bellows 12 and is smoothly introduced into the target equipment through the channel in the fixing structure 10.

[0042] In this embodiment, the channel of the fixed structure 10 serves as an intermediate node between the lower end bellows 12 and the target device, thereby achieving the compactness of the overall device structure, ensuring the closed safety of the transmission path, and effectively avoiding leakage or loss of the medium during the transmission process.

[0043] In one embodiment, when the fixed structure 10 is used as a fluid path for delivering the medium to the target device, the lower end of the lower bellows 12 of the shock absorbing device is adapted to be indirectly rigidly connected to the target device. Figure 2 As shown, the support member 30 includes a second support portion 303, a mounting portion 304, a third support portion 305 and a second fixing portion 306 to achieve a complete force transmission path from the upper end bellows 11 to the target device and ensure the connectivity of the medium transmission channel and the rigidity of the structure.

[0044] The upper end of the second support portion 303 is rigidly connected to the mounting member 20, and is used to support the upper end bellows 11 and reliably transmit the structural load it carries to the lower structure. Its arrangement ensures that the upper end bellows 11 can be stably attached to the mounting structure during the vibration transmission process, avoiding lateral swing or non-axial displacement, thereby maintaining the operating accuracy of the shock absorbing device.

[0045] The mounting portion 304 is rigidly connected to the lower end of the second support portion 303 and is a key structure for connecting the lower end bellows 12. The design of the mounting portion 304 not only provides a mounting platform for the lower end bellows 12, but also realizes the penetration of the medium channel by providing a through hole. The through hole is precisely aligned with the transmission channel of the lower end bellows 12 in the axial direction, ensuring that the medium can continue to flow into the lower structure along the preset path after passing out of the bellows.

[0046] The upper end of the third support portion 305 is rigidly connected to the mounting portion 304, and its function is to further extend the structure and take over the structural support below the through hole, and also to play the role of relay in the vibration conduction path. The third support portion 305 is arranged in the vertical direction, and a vertical channel is provided inside it. The vertical channel is spatially connected to the through hole of the mounting portion 304 and is aligned with the inlet of the target device. Through this structural design, after passing through the lower end bellows 12, the medium can be continuously transported downward along the vertical channel to the inside of the target device, thereby completing the structural closed loop of the transmission path.

[0047] The second fixing part 306 is arranged at the lower end of the third supporting part 305 and is rigidly connected thereto. The second fixing part 306 is used to firmly fix the entire supporting structure to the target device to ensure a stable and reliable connection state between the lower bellows 12 and the target device. Through the setting of the second fixing part 306, it is ensured that even if the lower bellows 12 does not directly contact the target device, the medium transmission and vibration energy conduction can still be stably achieved through the multi-stage supporting structure, thereby meeting the rigid coupling requirements of the indirect connection of the structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, through the combined structural design of the second supporting part 303, the mounting part 304, the third supporting part 305 and the second fixing part 306, a rigid connection and medium transmission between the lower bellows 12 and the target device are achieved indirectly.

[0049] In one embodiment, the lower end of the lower bellows 12 of the shock absorption device is adapted to be rigidly connected directly to the target device. This rigid connection structure ensures that when the lower bellows 12 undertakes medium transmission and vibration coupling, the mechanical continuity between the lower bellows 12 and the target device can be achieved, thereby enhancing the integrity and reliability of the entire shock absorption device during the vibration control process. The following combines Figure 1 A detailed description is given of the specific structure of the support member 30 in the case where the lower end of the lower bellows 12 is directly rigidly connected to the target device.

[0050] The support member 30 specifically includes a first supporting part 301 and a first fixing part 302. The upper end of the first supporting part 301 is connected to the mounting member 20 in a rigid connection manner, enabling the mounting member 20 to obtain sufficient supporting capacity structurally to stably carry the upper bellows 11 mounted thereon. The first supporting part 301, as an intermediate load-bearing member connecting the upper mounting structure and the lower mounting base, can ensure that the connection structure will not loosen or deform under the working condition of continuous vibration generated by the shock source device.

[0051] The lower end of the first supporting part 301 is rigidly connected to the first fixing part 302, and the first fixing part 302 is used to firmly fix the entire supporting structure to the target device.

[0052] Through the above structure, the entire support member 30 realizes a continuous rigid connection path from the installation location of the upper bellows 11 to the target device. During the operation of the device, vibration is transmitted to the mounting member 20 through the bellows, and is gradually conducted to the target device through the first supporting part 301 and the first fixing part 302, which can enhance the overall rigidity and installation stability of the shock absorption device, and also improve the shock absorption performance.

[0053] In one embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the fixing structure 10 of the shock absorption device is not directly connected to the target device body, but is arranged between the two through a third device 14, and indirectly rigidly fixed as an intermediate connection medium. Specifically, the third device 14 is provided with a connection interface adapted to the target device. One end is firmly installed on the target device body by a rigid connection method, and the other end forms a stable fit with the fixing structure 10 through a rigid connection, so that the fixing structure 10 can be stably installed on the third device 14. Thus, when being disturbed by the shock source device, the fixing structure 10 can maintain a stable posture and support form.

[0054] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the fixing structure 10 of the shock absorption device further includes a mounting member 20 and a support member 30, which are used to realize the structural positioning of the upper bellows 11 and the stable connection of the overall shock absorption system, so as to enhance the stability of the shock absorption device. Among them, the relevant descriptions of the mounting member 20 and the support member 30 can refer to the relevant content of the above embodiment. It should be noted that, as Figure 3 shown, the support member 30 of this embodiment is installed on the third device 14 together with the target device, and can bear the weight of the target device and the support member 30, ensuring that the fixing structure 10 and the target device are relatively stationary. Thus, the third device 14 can prevent the situation that the target device is sucked in due to the negative pressure in the first sealing cavity when the weight of the target device is relatively light. Among them, the third device 14 can be the ground or an independently provided platform. No matter what installation form the support member 30 adopts, it is intended to provide a stable installation foundation for the shock absorption device that does not shift with the working load, thereby effectively avoiding the performance degradation problem caused by relative movement of the structure.

[0055] In one embodiment, when the fixing structure 10 is fixed to the target device through the third device 14, the lower end of the lower bellows 12 of the shock absorption device is adapted to be directly rigidly connected to the target device. To achieve this connection method, as Figure 3 shown, the support member 30 includes a first support portion 301 and a first fixing portion 302. The upper end of the first support portion 301 is connected to the mounting member 20 by a rigid connection method, so that the mounting member 20 obtains sufficient support capacity structurally to stably bear the upper bellows 11 installed thereon. The first support portion 301, as an intermediate load-bearing structure connecting the upper installation structure and the lower installation foundation, can ensure that the connection structure will not loosen or deform under the working condition of continuous vibration generated by the shock source device.

[0056] The lower end of the first support portion 301 is rigidly connected to the first fixing portion 302, and the first fixing portion 302 and the target device are installed on the third device 14 together. This third device 14 is the support foundation of the first fixing portion 302, and can maintain a constant relative position with the target device during use and have sufficient installation strength.

[0057] With the above structure, the entire support member 30 realizes a continuous rigid connection path from the installation location of the upper bellows 11 to the third device 14. During the operation of the device, vibrations are transmitted through the bellows to the mounting member 20 and gradually conducted to the third device 14 through the first support portion 301 and the first fixing portion 302, which can enhance the overall rigidity and installation stability of the shock absorption device and also improve the shock absorption performance.

[0058] It should be noted that the vibration source device in the shock absorption devices of different embodiments can be set as the structure of a cryogenic refrigerator body, a cold head, or a pipeline for transporting media according to specific application requirements. Specifically, when the vibration source device is a cryogenic refrigerator body, the mechanical vibrations generated during operation can be effectively isolated by the bellows arranged above and below it, preventing the vibrations from being transmitted to the target device, thereby enhancing the overall vibration suppression ability of the system. When the vibration source device is a cold head, considering its relatively light weight, it may be difficult to meet the mass matching conditions required by the bellows, which may affect the self-balanced state and shock absorption performance of the system. Therefore, an additional load or counterweight structure can be set on the cold head body or its connection part to increase the overall mass and enhance the matching with the bellows, thereby improving the stability and shock absorption effect of the system. Similarly, when the vibration source device is a pipeline for transporting media, if the pipeline mass is relatively small, a counterweight component can also be set outside it, enabling the system to achieve an ideal equivalent mass distribution and self-balanced state in the vibration transmission path, thereby further optimizing the shock absorption performance and enhancing the dynamic response characteristics and resonance avoidance ability.

[0059] In one embodiment, to further enhance the intelligent control ability of the shock absorption device, the shock absorption device further includes a detection module and a control module to achieve real-time monitoring and air pressure adjustment control of the vibration situation between the vibration source device and the bellows.

[0060] The detection module is set to collect the vibration situation generated by the vibration source device during operation, especially the dynamic response during the transmission of vibrations to the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12. Among them, the detection module can include an acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor, or other types of vibration sensing elements, and their arrangement positions can be set on the vibration source device body, the connection part of the upper bellows 11, or the installation part of the lower bellows 12 to obtain complete and continuous vibration data. By detecting the vibrations at the above key positions, it is possible to effectively determine whether there are dynamic characteristics of resonance in the system.

[0061] The control module is connected to the detection module and is used to receive and analyze the vibration signals collected by the detection module. When the vibration source device is transporting a medium, its vibration frequency may change due to the properties of the transported medium. This can cause the vibration frequency generated by the vibration source device to be close to or coincide with the natural frequency of the shock absorption device, thereby triggering a resonance phenomenon and affecting the shock absorption performance of the system. Inside the control module, there is a control logic for determining whether the vibration situation meets the preset shock absorption conditions, and the preset conditions can include one or more indicators such as the vibration frequency reaching the resonance range. When it is detected that the vibration situation meets the preset shock absorption conditions, the control module will output a control signal according to the judgment result, instructing the gas control module 13 to correspondingly adjust the air pressure in the first sealing cavity of the upper bellows 11.

[0062] After receiving the instruction sent by the control module, the gas control module 13 performs the operation of injecting or discharging gas into the first sealing cavity, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the pressure state of the upper bellows 11. This adjustment process will directly affect the stiffness characteristics and vibration response frequency of the upper bellows 11, causing the natural frequency of the entire system to deviate from the current vibration frequency of the vibration source device, avoiding the occurrence of resonance, and effectively weakening the propagation intensity of vibration within the system.

[0063] In this embodiment, through the system cooperation of the detection module and the control module, the automatic monitoring and closed-loop control of the shock absorption process are realized, enabling the shock absorption device to have real-time response and intelligent adjustment capabilities. This not only improves the shock absorption efficiency but also significantly enhances the adaptability and stability of the device under variable working conditions or complex vibration conditions. Especially in a cryogenic refrigerator, the vibration source device may have frequency changes in different operating stages. Using this structure, the working state of the upper bellows 11 can be continuously adjusted during the system operation to ensure that the vibration interference during the refrigeration process is always within a controllable range.

[0064] It should be noted that the gas control module 13 of this embodiment can not only be used to isolate or suppress the mechanical vibration generated by the vibration source device but can also be further applied to technical scenarios that require tracking the resonance frequency to achieve the resonance response effect. In this type of application, the vibration source device is not only the device that needs shock absorption but also needs to efficiently transmit the vibration of a specific frequency or frequency range to the target device to achieve functions such as resonance enhancement, resonance measurement, or excitation of a specific physical process. Specifically, in this type of implementation, the gas control module 13 dynamically adjusts the air pressure in the first sealing cavity of the upper bellows 11, thereby adjusting the natural frequency of the entire system to match or approach the resonance frequency, forming a controlled resonant coupling state to achieve the purpose of efficient resonance.

[0065] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, a shock absorption control method is provided, which is applicable to the shock absorption device equipped with the above embodiment. The method may include the following steps: Step S101, during the operation of the shock absorption device, detect the vibration conditions generated by the seismic source device, the upper bellows, and the lower bellows.

[0066] During the actual operation of the shock absorption device, first, monitor in real-time the vibration conditions generated by the seismic source device, the upper bellows 11, and the lower bellows 12. Among them, the vibration signals generated by the seismic source device during operation can be obtained through the detection module in the shock absorption device. In practical applications, the vibration conditions can include relevant parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude. Since the vibration characteristics exhibited by the cryogenic refrigerator at different operation stages have a certain degree of dynamics, this detection process needs to be continuous and real-time to capture potential resonance trends or vibration enhancement phenomena in a timely manner.

[0067] Step S102, if the vibration conditions meet the preset shock absorption conditions, adjust the air pressure in the first sealing chamber of the upper bellows, change the length of the upper bellows, so as to reduce the vibration generated by the seismic source device, the upper bellows, and the lower bellows.

[0068] Analyze and process the detected vibration conditions to determine whether the current vibration conditions meet the preset shock absorption conditions. The preset shock absorption conditions can be set according to actual application requirements, such as the vibration amplitude exceeding the threshold, the vibration frequency approaching the resonance frequency, etc.

[0069] When it is detected that the vibration conditions meet the preset shock absorption conditions, adjust the air pressure in the first sealing chamber of the upper bellows 11. Specifically, fill gas into or extract gas from the sealing chamber of the upper bellows 11, thereby changing the air pressure in the sealing chamber. Since the upper bellows 11 is a sealed structure, the change in its air pressure will cause changes in the axial stiffness and structural response characteristics of the bellows, thereby realizing shock absorption optimization by virtue of the linkage effect between the structural natural frequency and the response characteristics.

[0070] In one embodiment, in order to more precisely address the resonance phenomenon generated when the vibration frequency is close to or coincides with the system natural frequency, a method such as Figure 5 shows a schematic flow chart for suppressing resonance, which may include the following steps: Step S201, during the operation of the shock absorption device, detect whether resonance occurs between the seismic source device, the upper bellows, and the lower bellows.

[0071] During the operation of the shock absorption device, the vibration states of the seismic source device and its connections with the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 are monitored in real time to determine whether resonance occurs. Among them, this can be achieved through the detection module in the shock absorption device. In practical applications, the identification of resonance can be based on whether the detected system vibration characteristics are consistent with the natural frequencies of the upper and lower bellows structures. Specifically, it can be manifested as the vibration frequency approaching or equal to the natural frequency of the system structure, accompanied by typical resonance phenomena such as a significant increase in vibration response, an increase in amplitude, or a stable vibration period. Due to the differences in the installation positions, structural dimensions, and pressure states of the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12, they have different response characteristics to the excitation frequencies transmitted by the seismic source device. Therefore, not only the working frequency of the seismic source device itself is concerned, but also the frequency response of the bellows system under its action is concerned, so as to accurately determine whether there is a risk of structural resonance.

[0072] Step S202, if resonance occurs, adjust the air pressure in the first sealing chamber of the upper bellows, change the length of the upper bellows, so that the vibration frequencies generated by the seismic source device, the upper bellows, and the lower bellows deviate from the resonance frequency.

[0073] When it is detected that the system resonates, immediately adjust the air pressure in the first sealing chamber of the upper bellows 11. By adjusting the air pressure in the first sealing chamber of the upper bellows 11, the internal pressure of the sealing chamber is changed, thereby causing a change in the axial length of the upper bellows 11. This change in length will directly affect the natural frequency of the entire system. Through appropriate adjustment, the natural frequency of the system is deviated from the vibration frequency of the seismic source device, so as to effectively avoid the resonance interval, reduce the vibration transmission caused by resonance, and improve the shock absorption effect.

[0074] In this embodiment, in order to further explain the physical mechanism of the shock absorption control method, taking Figure 1 the shown shock absorption device as an example, the forces on the system in the static equilibrium state and the perturbed state are modeled and analyzed in detail.

[0075] The cross-sectional area of the upper bellows 11 is , the initial pressure is , the bellows stiffness coefficient is , the initial length is ; the cross-sectional area of the lower bellows 12 is , the initial pressure is , the bellows stiffness coefficient is , the initial length is . The mass of the seismic source device is , and it is subjected to gravity in the gravitational field.

[0076] In the static equilibrium state (i.e., when the seismic source device is not vibrating), the force balance condition is satisfied, and the total force on the system is 0. Specifically: (a) Among them, represents the elastic restoring force of the upper bellows 11, represents the elastic restoring force of the lower bellows 12, represents the external environmental pressure, represents the length of the upper bellows 11 in the static equilibrium state, represents the length of the lower bellows 12 in the static equilibrium state. Assuming , it means that under the action of gas pressure, the bellows will be compressed. In the equilibrium state of the system, the length changes of the upper bellows 11 and the lower bellows 12 are interrelated, and then we get , , . When , and the negative sign of represents the reverse force. Substituting these forces into the equilibrium equation (a), we can get: (b) The upper bellows 11 is sealed, and the gas satisfies the relationship between volume and pressure (ideal gas state equation): (c) The above equation (c) describes the state of the gas in the bellows, indicating the relationship between the gas pressure and the length .

[0077] Combining equations (b) and (c) and eliminating , we get an equation about :

[0078] This equation is obtained by combining the previous equations, getting an equation about the bellows length , reflecting the equilibrium state of the system, and can be solved to get , specifically The expression is:

[0079] Among them, based on the discriminant of the quadratic equation, we can get:

[0080] Based on this, it shows that is and In practical applications, It can also be measured at the equilibrium position.

[0081] Further analysis shows that when the source equipment is subjected to disturbed vibration, the vibration frequency is , the amplitude is The upper bellows 11 is a sealed chamber, and the pressure becomes , then:

[0082] The stress on the intermediate source equipment during vibration is: (d) Subtract the mechanical equation for the equilibrium state (a) from the mechanical equation for the vibration state (d), and we get:

[0083] Will Substituting the expression into , we can get:

[0084] For vibration, amplitude Usually much smaller than , according to the approximate conditions of Taylor expansion, when hour, , thus it can be deduced that the system can be approximated as a spring oscillator, where the equivalent elastic coefficient is:

[0085] Thus, the natural frequency of the system can be obtained:

[0086] because yes function, and thus the natural frequency Also follow Therefore, the vibration frequency of the source equipment When the pressure changes, the pressure in the first sealing cavity of the upper bellows 11 can be adjusted. , so that the system natural frequency Keep away from external excitation frequency , effectively avoid resonance and reduce vibration transmission.

[0087] The vibration control method is particularly suitable for two typical scenarios. First, as a vibration-absorbing structure of a fluid delivery pipeline system, its vibration frequency is It is easily affected by flow velocity and pressure disturbances, so the natural frequency can be dynamically adjusted by using this damping control method. keep away , achieving a shock-absorbing effect; secondly, when applied to a dry low-temperature refrigerator, its natural vibration frequency is usually around 1 Hz, and the second sealing cavity of the lower bellows 12 is often in a vacuum state (i.e., ), at this time, by dynamically adjusting the air pressure in the first sealing cavity of the upper bellows 11 , the natural frequency of the system can be adjusted to a region far from 1 Hz, thereby effectively achieving the isolation control of low-frequency vibration.

[0088] It should be noted that the shock-absorbing control method of this embodiment can not only be used to isolate or suppress the mechanical vibration generated by the vibration source device, but can also be further applied to technical scenarios that require tracking the resonance frequency to achieve the resonance response effect. In this type of application, the vibration source device is not only the device that needs shock absorption, but also needs to efficiently transfer the vibration of a specific frequency or frequency range to the target device to achieve functions such as resonance enhancement, resonance measurement, or excitation of a specific physical process. Specifically, in this type of implementation, by obtaining the real-time vibration frequency information, the air pressure in the first sealing cavity of the upper bellows 11 is dynamically adjusted, thereby adjusting the natural frequency of the entire system to match or approach the resonance frequency, forming a controlled resonant coupling state.

[0089] In the above embodiment, during the operation of the shock-absorbing device, the vibration conditions of the vibration source device, the upper bellows 11, and the lower bellows 12 are detected in real time. When the detected vibration meets the preset shock-absorbing conditions, the air pressure in the first sealing cavity of the upper bellows 11 is adjusted in a timely manner, and then the length of the upper bellows 11 is changed to achieve the dynamic regulation of the natural frequency of the system. This method can flexibly respond to different vibration states according to the actual working conditions, effectively avoiding the failure of shock absorption caused by resonance or excessive vibration amplitude, and improving the adaptability and reliability of the shock-absorbing device. Through the above method, not only can the transmission of the vibration of the vibration source device to the target device be significantly reduced, but also the system can always be in the best shock-absorbing state under different medium transports or different working conditions.

[0090] In one embodiment, a low-temperature refrigerator is provided, including the shock-absorbing device in any of the above embodiments. Here, for the specific working principle of the shock-absorbing device, reference can be made to the description of any implementation manner of the shock-absorbing device above, and details will not be repeated here.

[0091] In one embodiment, a low-temperature refrigerator is provided, including the shock-absorbing method in any of the above embodiments. Here, for the specific working process of the shock-absorbing method, reference can be made to the description of any implementation manner of the shock-absorbing method above, and details will not be repeated here.

[0092] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0093] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0094] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock absorbing device, used for shock absorbing of a source device to reduce the vibration transmitted to a target device, characterized in that: include: A fixing structure, used for mounting the source device on the target device; An upper end bellows, the upper end of which is mounted on the fixed structure and the lower end of which is connected to the seismic source device; A lower end bellows, the upper end of which is connected to the seismic source device and the lower end of which is connected to the target device, and the lower end bellows is used to transport the medium transmitted by the seismic source device to the target device; The gas control module is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper end bellows and is used to control the gas pressure in the upper end bellows to change the length of the upper end bellows.

2. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper bellows is coaxial with the lower bellows, and the axis is on a vertical line. The seismic source device is located between the upper bellows and the lower bellows. The upper bellows generates negative pressure inside through the gas control module, thereby sucking the seismic source device into a suspended state.

3. The shock absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the upper end bellows is greater than the diameter of the lower end bellows.

4. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end bellows has a first sealed cavity, and the lower end bellows has a second sealed cavity. The air pressure of the first sealed cavity and the air pressure of the second sealed cavity are both lower than the external environment pressure of the shock absorbing device.

5. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing structure is fixed on the target device.

6. The shock absorbing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed structure comprises: A mounting member, the mounting member being used to mount the upper end bellows; A support member is rigidly connected to the mounting member and is suitable for being fixed on the target device.

7. The shock absorbing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed structure is provided with a channel, one end of the lower end bellows is fixed to the source device, and the other end is fixed to the fixed structure, and the lower end bellows is connected with the target device through the channel.

8. The shock absorbing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the lower end bellows is suitable for being indirectly rigidly connected to the target device; the support member comprises: a second supporting portion, wherein an upper end of the second supporting portion is rigidly connected to the mounting member; A mounting portion, the mounting portion is rigidly connected to the lower end of the second supporting portion and is used to mount the lower end of the lower end bellows, and the mounting portion has a through hole, and the through hole is directly opposite to the transmission channel of the lower end bellows; a third supporting portion, the upper end of which is rigidly connected to the mounting portion; A second fixing portion is rigidly connected to the lower end of the third supporting portion and is suitable for being fixed to the target device, wherein a channel is provided between the upper end and the lower end of the third supporting portion, and the channel is opposite to the through hole and the inlet of the target device.

9. The shock absorbing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the lower end bellows is suitable for being directly rigidly connected to the target device; the support member comprises: a first supporting portion, wherein an upper end of the first supporting portion is rigidly connected to the mounting member; A first fixing portion is rigidly connected to a lower end of the first supporting portion and is suitable for being fixed on the target device.

10. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed structure is fixed on the target device through a third device, and the fixed structure, the third device and the target device are all rigidly connected.

11. The shock absorbing device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fixed structure comprises: A mounting member, the mounting member being used to mount the upper end bellows; A support member is rigidly connected to the mounting member and is suitable for being fixed on the third device together with the target device.

12. The shock absorbing device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The lower end of the lower end bellows is suitable for being directly rigidly connected to the target device; the support member comprises: a first supporting portion, wherein an upper end of the first supporting portion is rigidly connected to the mounting member; A first fixing portion is rigidly connected to a lower end of the first supporting portion and is adapted to be fixed on the third device together with the target device.

13. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorbing device further comprises: A detection module, used to detect vibrations generated by the seismic source device and the upper bellows and the lower bellows; The control module is connected to the gas control module and the detection module respectively, and is used to control the gas control module to adjust the air pressure in the upper bellows when the vibration condition meets the preset shock absorption condition, so that the vibration frequency generated by the source device and the upper bellows and the lower bellows deviates from the resonance frequency.

14. A shock reduction method, characterized in that: Applicable to the shock absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, the method comprising: During the operation of the shock absorbing device, detecting the vibrations generated by the seismic source device and the upper bellows and the lower bellows; If the vibration condition meets the preset shock absorption condition, the air pressure in the first sealed cavity of the upper bellows is adjusted to change the length of the upper bellows to reduce the vibration generated by the source device and the upper bellows and the lower bellows.

15. The vibration reduction method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The method comprises: During the operation of the shock absorbing device, detecting whether the vibration source device resonates with the upper bellows and the lower bellows; If resonance occurs, the air pressure in the first sealed cavity of the upper bellows is adjusted to change the length of the upper bellows so that the vibration frequency generated by the source device and the upper bellows and the lower bellows deviates from the resonance frequency.

16. A low temperature refrigerator, characterized in that: A shock absorbing device comprising any one of claims 1 to 13.

17. A low temperature refrigerator, characterized in that: The vibration reduction method includes any one of claims 14 to 15.

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