Self-distribution type long-life burner

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-distribution type long-life burner, and aims to prepare synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuel in the field of coal chemical industry. According to the combustor, the gasification efficiency and the combustion uniformity are improved by optimizing material distribution and the spraying angle. The burner is provided with more than three raw material outlets used for oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor (a first medium), coal water slurry, fluidized coal powder, natural gas, fuel oil, steam (a second medium), waste fuel gas, purge gas, fuel oil, sludge and waste water (a third medium). The outermost channel is specially designed for the second medium or the third medium so as to optimize the spraying angle and material distribution. A shunting and distribution control mechanism is arranged in the necking device, and the necking device comprises a necking original piece made of high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials. In addition, the combustor is further provided with a cooling channel used for reducing the working temperature, and the service life of the combustor is prolonged. The combustor can adapt to various working conditions, the gasification efficiency and the stability of product quality are improved, and the requirements of a reaction device for the combustor with high performance, flexible feeding and long service life are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technology of partial oxidation burners in the field of coal chemical industry, and in particular to a self-distributing burner for the partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels to produce syngas. The burner is designed to improve the atomization intensity and optimize the material distribution to enhance the efficiency and combustion uniformity. Background Art

[0002] In the existing coal chemical gasifier technology, the performance of the burner plays a crucial role in the efficiency, stability and product quality of the entire gasification process. The burner of the gasifier not only needs to operate stably for a long time under extreme high temperature and high pressure environments, but also needs to meet complex and changeable process conditions. Traditional gasifier burners usually adopt a multi-stream feeding method, and this design usually relies on multiple independent pipelines to transport and control different media. Although this method can achieve the input of multiple media, it also significantly increases the complexity of the system, resulting in cumbersome pipeline layout, large space occupation, and high pressure on equipment investment and maintenance costs.

[0003] On the other hand, the injection angles of traditional burners are mostly fixed, and this design to a certain extent limits their adaptability to diverse working conditions. When the process conditions of the gasifier change, due to the inability to adjust the injection angle, the burner may be difficult to optimize the distribution state of the material in the furnace, thereby affecting the uniformity and thoroughness of the gasification reaction. The limitations of this injection mode will not only lead to a reduction in reaction efficiency, but may also increase problems such as low carbon conversion rate and excessive ash in cold gas, ultimately affecting the operation of downstream equipment and the quality of products. This deficiency is particularly prominent in the coal chemical process, which may lead to uneven distribution of fuel and combustion aids, thereby affecting the combustion efficiency and the safety of the gasifier. It can be seen that the existing technology urgently needs a new type of burner that can integrate simple distribution, flexible injection mode, and adapt to multi-medium transportation to improve the overall efficiency and reliability of the coal chemical gasification process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a new type of self-distributing burner, and its core innovation lies in the distribution of materials inside the burner, which simplifies the complexity of feeding and optimizes the injection mode to improve the atomization intensity and combustion uniformity. This design not only improves the combustion efficiency, but also enhances the adaptability of the burner to different working conditions, thereby further improving the gasification efficiency.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: Invent a self-distributing burner for the partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels to produce syngas, comprising: At least three raw material outlets; The raw materials are divided into a first medium, a second medium, and a third medium. The first medium is one or a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor; the second medium is one or a mixture of coal water slurry, fluidized pulverized coal, natural gas, fuel oil, and steam; the third medium is one or a mixture of waste fuel gas, purge gas, fuel oil, sludge, and wastewater; The outermost channel of the burner is the second medium or the third medium; At least one of the first medium, the second medium, or the third medium is subjected to flow splitting and distribution control at the burner nozzle.

[0006] Preferably, one or both of the second and third media are subjected to flow distribution on the burner body. This enables only one set of inlet pipe orifices and control systems for the second and third media even in large-scale devices. The distribution control is achieved through a constriction element, which is located within the burner body, made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials, and has an anti-clogging design.

[0007] Preferably, one or more sensing components are provided upstream and downstream of the constriction element for monitoring one or several of the flow rate, pressure, and temperature of the distributed material to ensure the stability and accuracy of the burner.

[0008] Preferably, the burner is internally designed with a connector having no less than two holes for achieving effective flow splitting and distribution of the media.

[0009] Moreover, preferably, the inner channel of the burner may also be provided with devices for changing the fluid flow direction, including but not limited to a blunt body that generates a radial velocity of the fluid, or a swirl component or blade that generates a tangential direction of the fluid.

[0010] Preferably, in order to protect the burner for use in a high-temperature environment, a cooling channel is provided on the outside of the burner for cooling the burner during the production process, reducing the operating temperature of the burner, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0011] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through specific flow splitting and distribution designs, the present invention realizes the flow distribution of materials inside the burner nozzle, reducing the complexity and investment of the feeding system and control system; 2. The use of a constriction element for flow control avoids the use of vulnerable components such as regulating valves, reduces the equipment failure rate, and decreases the maintenance cost; 3. Through the design of the fluid flow direction and the setting of the cooling channel, the stability and durability of the burner are improved, enhancing the economy and safety of the equipment; 4. The structure of the present invention is simple, the operation is convenient, and the reliability is high. It is suitable for large-scale applications and has significant economic and technical advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] The content of the present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments. The description of the embodiments only provides preferred exemplary embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability or construction of the present invention. On the contrary, the subsequent detailed description will provide an open description of the preferred exemplary embodiments for implementing the present invention to those skilled in the art. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes can be made in the functions and arrangements of the elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims. Embodiment

[0018] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, the burner is composed of concentrically arranged sleeves P1, P2, and P3, and the three formed channels are S1, S2, and S3 respectively. Among them, S1 and S3 are connected by a connecting pipe C1 with a necking element B1, so only one feed pipe needs to be connected. Raw material property detection elements T1 and T2 are provided respectively upstream and downstream of B1. A gap S7 for introducing coolant is left at the front end of P3. S7 circumferentially surrounds a part of P3 and is connected to the input and output ports of the cooling medium fluid. Embodiment

[0019] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the burner is composed of concentrically arranged sleeves P1, P2, P3, and P4, and the four formed channels are S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively. Among them, S2 and S4 are connected by a connecting pipe C1 with a necking element B1, so only one feed pipe needs to be connected. A component B5 for generating tangential flow of the fluid is installed at the head of P2. A gap S7 for introducing coolant is left at the head of P4. S7 circumferentially surrounds a part of P3 and is connected to the input and output ports of the cooling medium fluid. Embodiment

[0020] AsFigure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the burner is composed of concentrically arranged sleeves P1, P2, P3, and P4, and the four formed channels are S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively. Among them, S2 and S4 are connected through a connecting pipe C1 with a constriction element B1. Among them, S1 and S3 are connected through a connecting pipe C2 with a constriction element B2. Therefore, although the burner contains four feeds inside, only two feed pipes need to be connected, reducing the complexity of the system. Raw material property detection elements T1 and T2 are respectively arranged upstream and downstream of B2. A component B5 for generating tangential flow of the fluid is installed at the head of P1. A gap S7 for introducing coolant is left at the head of P4. S7 circumferentially surrounds a part of P3 and is connected to the input and output ports of the cooling medium fluid.

Claims

1. A self-distributing burner for partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels to produce synthesis gas, characterized in that include: a. More than three raw material exports; b. The raw materials are divided into a first medium, a second medium and a third medium; wherein the first medium is one of the streams mainly composed of oxygen, nitrogen and water vapor or a mixture thereof; The second medium is one of water-coal slurry, fluidized coal powder, natural gas, fuel oil, steam or a mixture thereof; the third medium is one of waste fuel gas, purge gas, waste fuel oil, sludge, waste water or a mixture thereof; c. The outermost channel is the second medium or the third medium; d. At least one of the first, second and third media is divided and distributed in the burner body.

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that The distribution control is achieved by a constricted element which is located in the burner body and is made of corrosion-resistant material and has an anti-clogging design.

3. The burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that Sensing components are installed at one or more positions upstream and downstream of the necking element to monitor the flow rate.

4. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that Inside the burner, the flow division and distribution of the medium is achieved by designing a connector with no less than 2 holes.

5. The burner according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that The inner channel of the burner is provided with a device for changing the flow direction of the fluid; including but not limited to a bluff body that causes the fluid to generate radial velocity, or a swirl component that causes the fluid to generate tangential velocity.

6. A method of using the burner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A cooling channel is provided on the outside of the burner body to cool the burner during the production process and reduce the operating temperature of the burner. The cooling channel is provided with an inlet and outlet of the cooling medium to realize the circulation of the cooling medium.

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