A reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system and method for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system and method for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters. The reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system includes a multi-sensing explosion relief system, a two-zone liquid phase containment system, an energy absorption cooling and separation system, a gas phase absorption and decomposition system, a tail gas combustion treatment system, and a monitoring and control system. The reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system and method have the characteristics of strong structural adaptability, reliable multi-level protection, harmless discharge and recovery of materials, and coordination of active inhibition and passive explosion relief. It is suitable for the prevention and control of reaction runaway and emergency in the synthesis process of peroxycarboxylic acid esters, can effectively reduce the damage consequences of such process accidents, and ensure the safety of industrial production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The reaction runaway venting and containment system involved in the present invention belongs to the technical field of work safety, and specifically relates to a reaction runaway venting and containment system and method for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters. Background Art

[0002] Peroxycarboxylic acid esters are important fine chemical raw materials, mainly used as initiators, crosslinking agents, and degradation agents in industries such as dyes, plastics, and coatings. However, peroxycarboxylic acid esters belong to organic peroxides and are listed as key hazardous chemicals under national supervision. Their preparation process belongs to 18 types of high-risk processes under national supervision. The main characteristics of the process are as follows: (1) The reaction raw materials hydrogen peroxide and the product peroxycarboxylic acid ester are highly thermosensitive and prone to thermal decomposition, and the decomposition products include small molecule flammable or combustion-supporting substances such as oxygen, methanol, and ethylene. Once an ignition source appears, serious consequences will occur; (2) The reaction raw materials sulfuric acid, benzoyl chloride, etc. have strong oxidizing properties. Once a leak occurs, it is extremely easy to cause equipment corrosion or even leakage, further resulting in equipment damage, personal injury, and environmental pollution; (3) The reaction process is a strong exothermic reaction. Slight changes in process parameters or improper production operations will lead to temperature overlimit and trigger dangerous side reactions, resulting in overpressure explosion; (4) At present, most reactors are still vertical kettle reactors, which have a large liquid holdup and poor heat transfer efficiency. Once an accident occurs, the damage is large and the harm degree is high.

[0003] Reaction runaway venting and containment is one of the important passive protection means to control reaction chain runaway and reduce the consequences of accident damage. Its basic principle is to monitor and control the reaction process, and in the early stage of reaction runaway, timely start and operate the system to discharge the materials in the reaction kettle into the containment tank, and through physical or chemical means, slow down or terminate the reaction process to achieve the effect of protecting the main structure of the reaction kettle.

[0004] The key equipment for the synthesis process of peroxycarboxylic acid esters is the reactor. When the temperature or pressure in the reactor is abnormally uncontrollable, it is necessary to quickly release the pressure of the materials in the reaction kettle into the containment tank in a timely manner, and through a series of measures, absorb the venting energy, separate the reaction materials, terminate the extreme reaction, reduce waste gas emissions, and recover the reaction materials. At present, the containment tanks of many chemical enterprises are only simple material storage tanks, which are only suitable for conventional processes and have poor applicability to special reaction processes (especially high-risk processes). For the synthesis process of peroxycarboxylic acid esters, there is currently no good device and method for dealing with the venting and containment of overpressure materials in the reaction kettle during reaction runaway. In addition, reaction runaway venting and containment, as an emergency measure, its effect depends on the combined action of multiple factors (reaction, device, environment, etc.). Therefore, how to design a reaction runaway venting and containment system according to the actual target process and select the best venting strategy is very complicated. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the invention is to provide a reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system and method for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters, which can relieve and contain explosions under different abnormal reaction conditions.

[0006] Technical solution: The reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters of the present invention includes a multi-sensing explosion relief system, a two-zone liquid phase containment system, an energy-absorbing cooling and separation system, a gas phase absorption and digestion system, a tail gas combustion treatment system, and a monitoring and control system; the multi-sensing explosion relief system is used to connect with a pressure-resistant reaction kettle to relieve pressure on the pressure-resistant reaction kettle; the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system is respectively connected to the multi-sensing explosion relief system, the two-zone liquid phase containment system, and the gas phase absorption and digestion system. The multi-sensing explosion relief system conveys the aqueous phase material to the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system. The energy-absorbing cooling and separation system conveys the separated liquid phase material to the two-zone liquid phase containment system and the separated gas phase material to the gas phase absorption and digestion system. The two-zone liquid phase containment system contains the liquid phase material, and the gas phase absorption and digestion system absorbs the gas phase material; the gas phase absorption and digestion system is connected to the tail gas combustion treatment system, and the tail gas combustion treatment system burns the tail gas discharged from the gas phase absorption and digestion system; the monitoring and control system is electrically connected to the multi-sensing explosion relief system, the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system, the two-zone liquid phase containment system, the gas phase absorption and digestion system, and the tail gas combustion treatment system respectively, and is used for dynamically regulating the multi-sensing explosion relief system, the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system, the two-zone liquid phase containment system, the gas phase absorption and digestion system, and the tail gas combustion treatment system.

[0007] Furthermore, the multi-sensing explosion relief system includes a flange, a pressure relief rupture disk, a pressure relief valve, fixing bolts, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and an explosion relief channel; one end of the explosion relief channel is connected to the pressure-resistant reaction kettle through the flange and is fixed by the fixing bolts in a tension manner; the pressure relief rupture disk is clamped between the pressure-resistant reaction kettle and the flange; the pressure relief valve is installed on the pressure relief rupture disk; the other end of the explosion relief channel is used to connect with the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system; the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are evenly arranged on the side wall of the explosion relief channel and are both electrically connected to the monitoring and control system, and are used for collecting the pressure and temperature in the explosion relief channel.

[0008] Further, the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system includes a multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member, a flexible filter membrane assembly, an external cold source, a heat dissipation member, and an energy-absorbing and cooling chamber; the middle part of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber is connected to the multi-sensing explosion relief system, the bottom of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber is connected to the two-zone liquid phase containment system, and the top of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber is connected to the gas phase absorption and digestion system; the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member is arranged on the right side inside the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber, the external cold source is arranged outside the right side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber, and the external cold source is connected to the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member; the external cold source is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system to achieve refrigeration power control; the flexible filter membrane assembly is arranged inside the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member and is used to separate the oil-phase liquid to the bottom of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system, and at the same time separate the water-phase liquid to the bottom of the right side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system; the heat dissipation member is used to dissipate heat from the external cold source.

[0009] Further, the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member includes a first-stage metal foam layer, a second-stage metal foam layer, and a third-stage metal foam layer, and the flexible filter membrane assembly includes two flexible filter membranes; one flexible filter membrane is clamped between the first-stage metal foam layer and the second-stage metal foam layer, and the other flexible filter membrane is clamped between the second-stage metal foam layer and the third-stage metal foam layer; the porosity of the first-stage metal foam layer is greater than the porosity of the second-stage metal foam layer, and the porosity of the second-stage metal foam layer is greater than the porosity of the third-stage metal foam layer; the first-stage metal foam layer is located on the left side, the second-stage metal foam layer is located in the middle, and the third-stage metal foam layer is located on the right side; the upper sides of the two flexible filter membranes are inclined to the right, and the lower sides of the two flexible filter membranes are inclined to the left, so that the oil-phase liquid flows to the bottom of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system, and at the same time the water-phase liquid flows to the bottom of the right side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system.

[0010] Further, the two-zone liquid phase containment system includes an oil-phase containment chamber, a water-phase containment chamber, a first bursting disc, a second bursting disc, a third bursting disc, a fourth bursting disc, a fifth bursting disc, a sixth bursting disc, an electromagnetic valve type inhibitor release device, and an inhibitor storage tank; the left side of the oil-phase containment chamber is connected to the bottom of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system for receiving the oil-phase liquid on the left side; the left side of the water-phase containment chamber is connected to the bottom of the right side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system for receiving the water-phase liquid on the right side; the oil-phase containment chamber is horizontally provided with an oil-phase bursting channel, the release port of the inhibitor storage tank is connected to the left side of the oil-phase bursting channel, the electromagnetic valve type inhibitor release device is connected in series at the release port of the inhibitor storage tank, and the electromagnetic valve type inhibitor release device is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system to achieve the eruption control of the inhibitor; the first bursting disc, the second bursting disc, the third bursting disc, and the fourth bursting disc are sequentially arranged at intervals from left to right in the oil-phase bursting channel; the water-phase containment chamber is horizontally provided with a water-phase bursting channel, and the fifth bursting disc and the sixth bursting disc are sequentially arranged at intervals from left to right in the water-phase bursting channel.

[0011] Further, the bursting pressures of the first-stage rupture disk, second-stage rupture disk, third-stage rupture disk, fourth-stage rupture disk, fifth-stage rupture disk, and sixth-stage rupture disk increase gradually, and the difference in bursting pressure between adjacent levels is 0.1 - 0.3 Mpa.

[0012] Further, the gas-phase absorption digestion system includes a fine water mist sprayer, an acyl chloride digestion chamber, an alkali solution pipeline, an alkali washing chamber, a high-pressure circulation pump, an alkali solution circulation pipeline, an ultraviolet lamp array group, and a vent gas channel; the left side of the acyl chloride digestion chamber is connected to the upper part of the energy absorption and cooling separation system, and the vent gas channel is connected to the right side of the acyl chloride digestion chamber; the lower end of the vent gas channel is connected to the inside of the alkali washing chamber through the alkali solution pipeline; the fine water mist sprayer is arranged on the inner top of the acyl chloride digestion chamber, the liquid outlet of the high-pressure circulation pump is connected to the fine water mist sprayer, the liquid inlet of the high-pressure circulation pump is connected to the inside of the alkali washing chamber through the alkali solution circulation pipeline, and the high-pressure circulation pump is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system to realize the start-stop control of the high-pressure circulation pump; the ultraviolet lamp array group is installed in the vent gas channel and is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system to realize the on-off control of the ultraviolet lamp array group.

[0013] Further, a metal oxide nano-coating is coated on the inner wall of the acyl chloride digestion chamber and the inner wall of the vent gas channel.

[0014] Further, the tail gas combustion treatment system includes an igniter, a combustion chamber, an exhaust port, and a methane gas storage tank; the combustion chamber is connected to the tail gas discharge port at the upper part of the gas-phase absorption digestion system through a tail gas connection pipe; the exhaust port is connected to the top of the combustion chamber; the igniter is installed on the side wall of the combustion chamber and is connected to the methane gas storage tank; the igniter is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system to realize the ignition control of the igniter.

[0015] The present invention also provides a containment method for a reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters, including the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, the monitoring and control system monitors the pressure value and temperature value in the pressure-resistant reaction kettle in real time through the in-kettle pressure sensor and the in-kettle temperature sensor. When the pressure rising rate exceeds 0.3 MPa / min and the temperature exceeds 80 °C, the monitoring and control system starts the explosion relief warning and starts the external cold source of the energy absorption and cooling separation system, and raises the cooling power of the external cold source to between 60% and 80% of the rated value to pre-cool the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption components of the energy absorption and cooling separation system.

[0017] Step 2, the monitoring and control system collects the pressure value and temperature value in real time through the pressure sensor and temperature sensor of the multi-sensing explosion relief system. When the pressure value and temperature value change significantly, it is determined that the pressure relief rupture disk has ruptured, and the monitoring and control system raises the cooling power of the external cold source to 110 - 130% of the rated value.

[0018] Step 3: The multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing component of the energy-absorbing cooling separation system cools and separates the ejected materials, enabling the oil-phase liquid and the water-phase liquid to flow downward and enter the oil-phase containment bin and the water-phase containment bin of the two-zone liquid-phase containment system respectively. Meanwhile, the gaseous materials flow upward and enter the acyl chloride digestion bin of the gas-phase absorption and digestion system;

[0019] Step 4: The first-stage rupture disk, second-stage rupture disk, third-stage rupture disk, and fourth-stage rupture disk in the oil-phase containment bin achieve the bursting pressure relief of the oil phase. The fifth-stage rupture disk and sixth-stage rupture disk in the water-phase containment bin achieve the bursting pressure relief of the water phase. The monitoring and control system controls the solenoid valve inhibitor release device of the two-zone liquid-phase containment system to inject the inhibitor into the oil-phase bursting channel, and the gas-phase absorption and digestion system absorbs the gaseous materials;

[0020] Step 5: The tail gas combustion treatment system conducts combustion treatment on the combustible gas discharged from the gas-phase absorption and digestion system.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The energy-absorbing cooling separation system is used to quickly absorb the heat energy released by the out-of-control reaction and efficiently cool down the temperature, significantly reducing the risk of secondary decomposition or explosion of the materials; (2) The two-zone liquid-phase containment system is used to gradually relieve pressure and contain the materials and terminate the chemical reaction, effectively blocking the chain out-of-control process; (3) The monitoring and control system is used to achieve the coordinated control of the explosion relief and containment system, realize the early identification of abnormal working conditions and precise explosion relief, and ensure the optimal emergency strategy under different out-of-control scenarios; (4) The gas-phase absorption and digestion system is used to absorb the gaseous materials, and at the same time, the tail gas combustion treatment system conducts harmless combustion treatment on the flammable gas, greatly reducing the emission of toxic and harmful gases. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the explosion relief and containment system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the multi-sensor explosion relief system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the two-zone liquid-phase containment system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the energy-absorbing cooling separation system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the gas-phase absorption and digestion system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the tail gas combustion treatment system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the monitoring and control system of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0031] As Figure 1-8 shown, the reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters disclosed by the present invention includes: a multi-sensor explosion relief system 2, a two-zone liquid phase containment system 3, an energy absorption cooling and separation system 4, a gas phase absorption and digestion system 5, a tail gas combustion treatment system 6, and a monitoring and control system 7; the multi-sensor explosion relief system 2 is used to connect with the pressure-resistant reaction kettle 1 to relieve the pressure of the pressure-resistant reaction kettle 1; the energy absorption cooling and separation system 4 is respectively connected to the multi-sensor explosion relief system 2, the two-zone liquid phase containment system 3, and the gas phase absorption and digestion system 5. The multi-sensor explosion relief system 2 transports the aqueous phase material to the energy absorption cooling and separation system 4. The energy absorption cooling and separation system 4 transports the separated liquid phase material to the two-zone liquid phase containment system 3 and the separated gas phase material to the gas phase absorption and digestion system 5. The two-zone liquid phase containment system 3 contains the liquid phase material, and the gas phase absorption and digestion system 5 absorbs the gas phase material; the gas phase absorption and digestion system 5 is connected to the tail gas combustion treatment system 6, and the tail gas combustion treatment system 6 burns the tail gas discharged from the gas phase absorption and digestion system 5; the monitoring and control system 7 is respectively electrically connected to the multi-sensor explosion relief system 2, the energy absorption cooling and separation system 4, the two-zone liquid phase containment system 3, the gas phase absorption and digestion system 5, and the tail gas combustion treatment system 6, and is used for dynamically regulating the multi-sensor explosion relief system 2, the energy absorption cooling and separation system 4, the two-zone liquid phase containment system 3, the gas phase absorption and digestion system 5, and the tail gas combustion treatment system 6.

[0032] The explosion relief and containment system disclosed by the present invention uses the energy absorption cooling and separation system to quickly absorb the heat energy released by the reaction runaway and efficiently cool down, significantly reducing the risk of secondary decomposition or explosion of the material; uses the two-zone liquid phase containment system to gradually relieve the pressure and contain and terminate the chemical reaction, effectively blocking the chain runaway process; uses the monitoring and control system to realize the coordinated control of the explosion relief and containment system, realize the early identification of abnormal working conditions and precise explosion relief, and ensure the optimal emergency strategy under different runaway scenarios; uses the gas phase absorption and digestion system to absorb the gas phase material, and at the same time uses the tail gas combustion treatment system to harmlessly burn the flammable gas, greatly reducing the emission of toxic and harmful gases.

[0033] Furthermore, the multi-sensing explosion relief system 2 includes a flange 2-1, a pressure relief rupture disc 2-2, a pressure relief valve 2-3, fixing bolts 2-4, a pressure sensor 2-5, a temperature sensor 2-6, and an explosion relief channel 2-7; one end of the explosion relief channel 2-7 is connected to the pressure-resistant reaction kettle 1 through the flange 2-1 and is fixed by the fixing bolts 2-4 in a tensioning manner; the pressure relief rupture disc 2-2 is clamped between the pressure-resistant reaction kettle 1 and the flange 2-1; the pressure relief valve 2-3 is installed on the pressure relief rupture disc 2-2; the other end of the explosion relief channel 2-7 is used to communicate with the energy absorption, cooling and separation system 4; the pressure sensor 2-5 and the temperature sensor 2-6 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the explosion relief channel 2-7 and are both electrically connected to the monitoring and control system 7 for collecting the pressure and temperature in the explosion relief channel 2-7.

[0034] A temperature-pressure dual-trigger mechanism is formed by using the pressure sensor 2-5 and the temperature sensor 2-6 to achieve precise control of the explosion relief threshold; a dual-channel explosion relief method is constructed by using the pressure relief rupture disc 2-2 and the pressure relief valve 2-3. The pressure relief valve 2-3 that can be reset realizes the first-stage pressure relief with a buffer layer, and the large-diameter pressure relief rupture disc 2-2 realizes the second-stage pressure relief with rapid response to meet the instantaneous high-pressure discharge.

[0035] Furthermore, the energy absorption, cooling and separation system 4 includes a multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component 4-1, a flexible filter membrane assembly 4-2, an external cold source 4-3, a heat dissipation component 4-4, and an energy absorption and cooling chamber 4-5; the middle part of the left side of the energy absorption and cooling chamber 4-5 is communicated with the multi-sensing explosion relief system 2, the bottom of the left side of the energy absorption and cooling chamber 4-5 is communicated with the two-zone liquid phase containment system 3, and the top of the left side of the energy absorption and cooling chamber 4-5 is communicated with the gas phase absorption and decomposition system 5; the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component 4-1 is arranged inside the energy absorption and cooling chamber 4-5 near the right side, the external cold source 4-3 is arranged outside the right side of the energy absorption and cooling chamber 4-5, and the external cold source 4-3 is connected to the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component 4-1; the external cold source 4-3 is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system 7 to realize the control of the refrigeration power; the flexible filter membrane assembly 4-2 is arranged inside the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component 4-1 for separating the oil-phase liquid to the bottom of the left side of the energy absorption, cooling and separation system 4, and at the same time separating the water-phase liquid to the bottom of the right side of the energy absorption, cooling and separation system 4; the heat dissipation component 4-4 is used for dissipating heat from the external cold source 4-3.

[0036] The cooperation of the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component 4-1 and the external cold source 4-3 is used to quickly absorb the heat energy released by the out-of-control reaction and efficiently cool down, significantly reducing the risk of secondary decomposition or explosion of the material; the combined use of the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component 4-1 and the flexible filter membrane assembly 4-2 can efficiently separate the water phase and the oil phase in the peroxycarboxylic acid ester compound process through the size screening effect of the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component 4-1 and the surface hydrophilic-hydrophobic property of the flexible filter membrane assembly 4-2, quickly terminate the liquid-liquid heterogeneous reaction, and reduce the accumulation of reaction heat.

[0037] Furthermore, the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption member 4-1 includes a primary metal foam layer 4-11, a secondary metal foam layer 4-12, and a tertiary metal foam layer 4-13. The flexible filter membrane assembly 4-2 includes two flexible filter membranes 4-14. One flexible filter membrane 4-14 is clamped between the primary metal foam layer 4-11 and the secondary metal foam layer 4-12, and the other flexible filter membrane 4-14 is clamped between the secondary metal foam layer 4-12 and the tertiary metal foam layer 4-13. The porosity of the primary metal foam layer 4-11 is greater than that of the secondary metal foam layer 4-12, and the porosity of the secondary metal foam layer 4-12 is greater than that of the tertiary metal foam layer 4-13. The primary metal foam layer 4-11 is located on the left side, the secondary metal foam layer 4-12 is located in the middle, and the tertiary metal foam layer 4-13 is located on the right side. The upper sides of the two flexible filter membranes 4-14 are inclined to the right, and the lower sides of the two flexible filter membranes 4-14 are inclined to the left, so that the oil-phase liquid flows to the left bottom of the energy absorption and cooling separation system 4, and at the same time, the water-phase liquid flows to the right bottom of the energy absorption and cooling separation system 4.

[0038] Furthermore, the porosities of the primary metal foam layer 4-11, the secondary metal foam layer 4-12, and the tertiary metal foam layer 4-13 are 80-100 PPI, 60-80 PPI, and 40-60 PPI respectively. The tertiary metal foam layer 4-13 is arranged on the right side of the energy absorption and cooling chamber 4-5 and is connected to the external cold source 4-3 by diffusion welding. The flexible filter membrane 4-14 is made of a super-hydrophilic / super-oleophobic polymer membrane. The pore size distribution of the super-hydrophilic / super-oleophobic polymer membrane is between 0.35 and 0.9 μm, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the flexible filter membrane 4-14 are wavy.

[0039] Furthermore, the heat dissipation member 4-4 is a pinecone scale type heat pipe radiator. The pinecone scale type heat pipe radiator is a metal 3D printed copper member with a heat conducting liquid in its internal cavity, and the cold source is a transcritical CO2 cold source. The refrigeration power of the external cold source 4-3 is dynamically adjusted by the monitoring and control system 7 to ensure that the material is quickly cooled to a safe temperature.

[0040] Further, the two-zone liquid containment system 3 includes an oil-phase containment bin 3-1, a water-phase containment bin 3-2, a first-stage rupture disk 3-3, a second-stage rupture disk 3-4, a third-stage rupture disk 3-5, a fourth-stage rupture disk 3-6, a fifth-stage rupture disk 3-7, a sixth-stage rupture disk 3-8, a solenoid valve type inhibitor release device 3-9, and an inhibitor storage tank 3-10; the left side of the oil-phase containment bin 3-1 is connected to the left bottom of the energy-absorbing cooling separation system 4 for receiving the oil-phase liquid on the left; the left side of the water-phase containment bin 3-2 is connected to the right bottom of the energy-absorbing cooling separation system 4 for receiving the water-phase liquid on the right; the oil-phase containment bin 3-1 is horizontally provided with an oil-phase rupture channel, the release port of the inhibitor storage tank 3-10 is connected to the left side of the oil-phase rupture channel, the solenoid valve type inhibitor release device 3-9 is connected in series at the release port of the inhibitor storage tank 3-10, and the solenoid valve type inhibitor release device 3-9 is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system 7 to achieve the eruption control of the inhibitor through electric control and the tank pressure; the first-stage rupture disk 3-3, the second-stage rupture disk 3-4, the third-stage rupture disk 3-5, and the fourth-stage rupture disk 3-6 are sequentially arranged at intervals from left to right in the oil-phase rupture channel; the water-phase containment bin 3-2 is horizontally provided with a water-phase rupture channel, and the fifth-stage rupture disk 3-7 and the sixth-stage rupture disk 3-8 are sequentially arranged at intervals from left to right in the water-phase rupture channel.

[0041] The two-zone bin design of the oil-phase containment bin 3-1 and the water-phase containment bin 3-2 can flexibly adapt to the water / oil phase ratio requirements of different explosion relief amounts and reaction systems, greatly improving the applicability and accident fault tolerance of the peroxycarboxylic acid ester compound synthesis process; by using the combined design of the first-stage rupture disk 3-3, the second-stage rupture disk 3-4, the third-stage rupture disk 3-5, the fourth-stage rupture disk 3-6, and the solenoid valve type inhibitor release device 3-9, the oil-phase pressure relief and containment can be carried out step by step and the chemical reaction can be terminated, effectively blocking the chain out-of-control process; by using the combined design of the fifth-stage rupture disk 3-7 and the sixth-stage rupture disk 3-8, the water-phase pressure relief and containment can be carried out step by step, effectively blocking the chain out-of-control process.

[0042] Further, the bursting pressures of the first-stage rupture disk 3-3, the second-stage rupture disk 3-4, the third-stage rupture disk 3-5, the fourth-stage rupture disk 3-6, the fifth-stage rupture disk 3-7, and the sixth-stage rupture disk 3-8 increase gradually, and the difference in bursting pressure between adjacent levels is 0.1-0.3 Mpa.

[0043] Further, when the solenoid valve type inhibitor release device 3-9 sprays the inhibitor, the spraying amount of the inhibitor is determined by the formula M = α·Q·t, where M is the mass of the inhibitor, Q is the explosion relief flow rate, t is the explosion relief duration, and α is the correction coefficient, and the value range is 0.05-0.2.

[0044] Furthermore, both the oil-phase storage bin 3-1 and the water-phase storage bin 3-2 are composed of a stainless-steel cage body and a polytetrafluoroethylene box body, which have both pressure-bearing strength and explosion relief toughness; the first-stage rupture disk 3-3, the second-stage rupture disk 3-4, the third-stage rupture disk 3-5, the fourth-stage rupture disk 3-6, the fifth-stage rupture disk 3-7, and the sixth-stage rupture disk 3-8 are all made of stainless steel, and can still maintain a stable explosion threshold under high temperature and high pressure, avoiding mis-triggering or delayed response.

[0045] Furthermore, the gas-phase absorption and digestion system 5 includes a fine water mist sprayer 5-1, an acyl chloride digestion chamber 5-2, an alkali solution pipeline 5-3, an alkali washing chamber 5-4, a high-pressure circulation pump 5-5, an alkali solution circulation pipeline 5-6, an ultraviolet lamp array group 5-7, and a vent gas channel 5-8; the left side of the acyl chloride digestion chamber 5-2 is connected to the upper part of the energy absorption and cooling separation system 4, and the vent gas channel 5-8 is connected to the right side of the acyl chloride digestion chamber 5-2; the lower end of the vent gas channel 5-8 is connected to the inside of the alkali washing chamber 5-4 through the alkali solution pipeline 5-3; the fine water mist sprayer 5-1 is arranged on the inner top of the acyl chloride digestion chamber 5-2, the liquid outlet of the high-pressure circulation pump 5-5 is connected to the fine water mist sprayer 5-1, the liquid inlet of the high-pressure circulation pump 5-5 is connected to the inside of the alkali washing chamber 5-4 through the alkali solution circulation pipeline 5-6, and the high-pressure circulation pump 5-5 is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system 7 to realize the start-stop control of the high-pressure circulation pump 5-5; the ultraviolet lamp array group 5-7 is installed in the vent gas channel 5-8, the ultraviolet lamp array group 5-7 is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system 7 to realize the on-off control of the ultraviolet lamp array group 5-7, and the ultraviolet photolysis irradiation dose of the ultraviolet lamp array group 5-7 ≥ 200 mJ / cm2.

[0046] By using the combination of the acyl chloride digestion chamber 5-2 and the alkali washing chamber 5-4, it is possible to neutralize acidic gases through alkali solution circulation and use the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet lamp array group 5-7 to photocatalytically degrade residual organic matter, reducing the risk of secondary pollution.

[0047] Furthermore, a metal oxide nano-coating is coated on the inner wall of the acyl chloride digestion chamber 5-2 and the inner wall of the vent gas channel 5-8, such as titanium dioxide TiO2 doped (such as nitrogen, sulfur, fluorine) or modified with metal (Ag, Fe, Co).

[0048] Furthermore, the tail gas combustion treatment system 6 includes an igniter 6-1, a combustion chamber 6-2, an exhaust port 6-3, and a methane gas storage tank 6-4; the combustion chamber 6-2 is connected to the tail gas discharge port at the upper part of the gas-phase absorption and digestion system 5 through a tail gas connection pipe; the exhaust port 6-3 is connected to the top of the combustion chamber 6-2; the igniter 6-1 is installed on the side wall of the combustion chamber 6-2 and is connected to the methane gas storage tank 6-4; the igniter 6-1 is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system 7 to realize the ignition control of the igniter 6-1.

[0049] Further, the combustion chamber 6-2 is a stainless steel / plasterboard sandwich structure. When combustible gas is detected, the igniter 6-1 is activated to burn the gas, which is finally discharged through the exhaust port 6-3.

[0050] Further, the monitoring and control system 7 includes a control module 7-1 and a host computer 7-2; the host computer 7-2 is electrically connected to the control module 7-1 for sending control instructions to the control module 7-1 and displaying the feedback data of the control module 7-1; the control module 7-1 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 2-5, the temperature sensor 2-6, the solenoid valve inhibitor release device 3-9, the external cold source 4-3, the high-pressure circulation pump 5-5, and the igniter 6-1 for obtaining the pressure value and the temperature value, controlling the release of the inhibitor of the solenoid valve inhibitor release device 3-9, adjusting the cold source power of the external cold source 4-3, and controlling the caustic solution circulation flow of the high-pressure circulation pump 5-5; the host computer 7-2 runs a quantitative analysis algorithm for deflagration suppression effect. The quantitative analysis algorithm for deflagration suppression effect establishes a deflagration suppression volume prediction model based on the formula Q = K·(ΔP / Δt)·V, where Q is the deflagration suppression flow rate, ΔP / Δt is the pressure change rate, V is the deflagration suppression volume, and K is a correction coefficient.

[0051] Further, the control module 7-1 calculates the cold source power of the external cold source 4-3 through the formula P =· c p ·Δ T where is the mass flow rate (kg / s), c p is the specific heat capacity (J / (kg·K)), and ΔT is the temperature difference (K or °C).

[0052] Further, when the control module 7-1 adjusts the cold source power of the external cold source 4-3, the PID control algorithm is adopted, and the control equation is: P(t) = K_p·e(t) + K_i·∫e(t)dt + K_d·de(t) / dt, where P(t) is the real-time power, e(t) is the temperature deviation value, K_p = 2.5, K_i = 0.1, and K_d = 0.5.

[0053] The containment method of the reaction runaway deflagration suppression containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters disclosed by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: The monitoring and control system 7 monitors the pressure value and temperature value inside the pressure-resistant reactor 1 in real time through the in-reactor pressure sensor and in-reactor temperature sensor inside the pressure-resistant reactor 1. When the pressure rising rate exceeds 0.3 MPa / min and the temperature exceeds 80 °C, the monitoring and control system 7 starts the explosion relief warning and activates the external cold source 4-3 of the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system 4, raising the cooling power of the external cold source 4-3 to between 60% and 80% of the rated value, preferably to 60% of the rated value, to pre-cool the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing component 4-1 of the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system 4.

[0055] Step 2: The monitoring and control system 7 collects the pressure value and temperature value in real time through the pressure sensor 2-5 and temperature sensor 2-6 of the multi-sensing explosion relief system 2. When the pressure value and temperature value change significantly, for example, when the pressure rising speed exceeds 01.bar / and the temperature rising speed exceeds 5 °C / s, it is determined that the pressure relief rupture disk 2-2 has ruptured. The monitoring and control system 7 raises the cooling power of the external cold source 4-3 to 110 - 130% of the rated value, not exceeding 130%, to prevent the discharged aqueous phase material from frosting due to overcooling.

[0056] Step 3: The multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing component 4-1 of the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system 4 cools and separates the ejected material, causing the oil-phase liquid and the aqueous-phase liquid to flow downward and enter the oil-phase containment bin 3-1 and the aqueous-phase containment bin 3-2 of the two-zone liquid-phase containment system 3 respectively. At the same time, the gaseous material flows upward and enters the acyl chloride digestion bin 5-2 of the gas-phase absorption and digestion system 5.

[0057] Step 4: The first-stage rupture disk 3-3, second-stage rupture disk 3-4, third-stage rupture disk 3-5, and fourth-stage rupture disk 3-6 in the oil-phase containment bin 3-1 achieve the explosion relief of the oil phase. The fifth-stage rupture disk 3-7 and sixth-stage rupture disk 3-8 in the aqueous-phase containment bin 3-2 achieve the explosion relief of the aqueous phase. The monitoring and control system 7 controls the solenoid valve inhibitor release device 3-9 of the two-zone liquid-phase containment system 3 to spray an inhibitor into the oil-phase explosion channel. The inhibitor is sprayed into the oil-phase containment bin 3-1 in an atomized form to quickly terminate the reaction. The gas-phase absorption and digestion system 5 absorbs the gaseous material through alkali washing and ultraviolet light decomposition.

[0058] Step 5: The tail gas combustion treatment system 6 receives the combustible gas discharged from the gas-phase absorption and digestion system 5 and ignites the combustible gas through the igniter 6-1 for combustion treatment in the combustion chamber 6-2.

[0059] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention itself. Various changes can be made in its form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reaction runaway explosion relief and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters, characterized in that, It includes a multi-sensing explosion relief system (2), a two-zone liquid phase containment system (3), an energy-absorbing cooling and separation system (4), a gas phase absorption and digestion system (5), an exhaust gas combustion treatment system (6), and a monitoring and control system (7); the multi-sensing explosion relief system (2) is used to connect to a pressure-resistant reaction kettle (1) to relieve pressure on the pressure-resistant reaction kettle (1); the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system (4) is respectively connected to the multi-sensing explosion relief system (2), the two-zone liquid phase containment system (3), and the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5). The multi-sensing explosion relief system (2) transports the aqueous phase material to the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system (4). The energy-absorbing cooling and separation system (4) transports the separated liquid phase material to the two-zone liquid phase containment system (3) and the separated gas phase material to the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5). The two-zone liquid phase containment system (3) contains the liquid phase material, and the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5) absorbs the gas phase material; the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5) is connected to the exhaust gas combustion treatment system (6), and the exhaust gas combustion treatment system (6) burns the exhaust gas discharged from the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5); the monitoring and control system (7) is respectively connected to the multi-sensing explosion relief system (2), the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system (4), the two-zone liquid phase containment system (3), the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5), and the exhaust gas combustion treatment system (6) for dynamically regulating the multi-sensing explosion relief system (2), the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system (4), the two-zone liquid phase containment system (3), the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5), and the exhaust gas combustion treatment system (6); The multi-sensing explosion relief system (2) includes a flange (2-1), a pressure relief rupture disk (2-2), a pressure relief valve (2-3), fixing bolts (2-4), a pressure sensor (2-5), a temperature sensor (2-6), and an explosion relief channel (2-7); one end of the explosion relief channel (2-7) is connected to the pressure-resistant reaction kettle (1) through the flange (2-1) and is fixed by the fixing bolts (2-4) in a tension manner; the pressure relief rupture disk (2-2) is clamped between the pressure-resistant reaction kettle (1) and the flange (2-1); the pressure relief valve (2-3) is installed on the pressure relief rupture disk (2-2); the other end of the explosion relief channel (2-7) is used to be connected to the energy-absorbing cooling and separation system (4); the pressure sensor (2-5) and the temperature sensor (2-6) are evenly arranged on the side wall of the explosion relief channel (2-7) and are both electrically connected to the monitoring and control system (7) for collecting the pressure and temperature in the explosion relief channel (2-7); The energy-absorbing and cooling separation system (4) includes a multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member (4-1), a flexible filter membrane assembly (4-2), an external cold source (4-3), a heat dissipation member (4-4), and an energy-absorbing and cooling chamber (4-5); the middle part of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber (4-5) is communicated with the multi-sensing explosion relief system (2), the bottom part of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber (4-5) is communicated with the two-zone liquid phase containment system (3), and the top part of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber (4-5) is communicated with the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5); the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member (4-1) is arranged inside the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber (4-5) near the right side, the external cold source (4-3) is arranged outside the right side of the energy-absorbing and cooling chamber (4-5), and the external cold source (4-3) is connected to the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member (4-1); the external cold source (4-3) is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system (7) to achieve refrigeration power control; the flexible filter membrane assembly (4-2) is arranged inside the multi-stage metal foam energy-absorbing member (4-1) and is used to separate the oil-phase liquid to the bottom part of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system (4), and at the same time separate the water-phase liquid to the bottom part of the right side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system (4); the heat dissipation member (4-4) is used to dissipate heat from the external cold source (4-3). The two-zone liquid phase containment system (3) includes an oil-phase containment chamber (3-1), a water-phase containment chamber (3-2), a first rupture disc (3-3), a second rupture disc (3-4), a third rupture disc (3-5), a fourth rupture disc (3-6), a fifth rupture disc (3-7), a sixth rupture disc (3-8), an electromagnetic valve type inhibitor release device (3-9), and an inhibitor storage tank (3-10); the left side of the oil-phase containment chamber (3-1) is connected to the bottom part of the left side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system (4) and is used to receive the oil-phase liquid on the left side; the left side of the water-phase containment chamber (3-2) is connected to the bottom part of the right side of the energy-absorbing and cooling separation system (4) and is used to receive the water-phase liquid on the right side; the oil-phase containment chamber (3-1) is horizontally provided with an oil-phase explosion channel, the release port of the inhibitor storage tank (3-10) is connected to the left side of the oil-phase explosion channel, the electromagnetic valve type inhibitor release device (3-9) is connected in series at the release port of the inhibitor storage tank (3-10), and the electromagnetic valve type inhibitor release device (3-9) is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system (7) to achieve the eruption control of the inhibitor; the first rupture disc (3-3), the second rupture disc (3-4), the third rupture disc (3-5), and the fourth rupture disc (3-6) are sequentially arranged at intervals from left to right in the oil-phase explosion channel; the water-phase containment chamber (3-2) is horizontally provided with a water-phase explosion channel, and the fifth rupture disc (3-7) and the sixth rupture disc (3-8) are sequentially arranged at intervals from left to right in the water-phase explosion channel.

2. The runaway reaction venting and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component (4-1) includes a primary metal foam layer (4-11), a secondary metal foam layer (4-12), and a tertiary metal foam layer (4-13). The flexible filter membrane assembly (4-2) includes two flexible filter membranes (4-14). One flexible filter membrane (4-14) is clamped between the primary metal foam layer (4-11) and the secondary metal foam layer (4-12), and the other flexible filter membrane (4-14) is clamped between the secondary metal foam layer (4-12) and the tertiary metal foam layer (4-13). The porosity of the primary metal foam layer (4-11) is greater than that of the secondary metal foam layer (4-12), and the porosity of the secondary metal foam layer (4-12) is greater than that of the tertiary metal foam layer (4-13). The primary metal foam layer (4-11) is located on the left, the secondary metal foam layer (4-12) is located in the middle, and the tertiary metal foam layer (4-13) is located on the right. The upper sides of the two flexible filter membranes (4-14) are inclined to the right, and the lower sides of the two flexible filter membranes (4-14) are inclined to the left, so that the oil-phase liquid flows to the left bottom of the energy absorption cooling separation system (4), and at the same time the water-phase liquid flows to the right bottom of the energy absorption cooling separation system (4).

3. The runaway reaction venting and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bursting pressures of the primary bursting disc (3-3), secondary bursting disc (3-4), tertiary bursting disc (3-5), quaternary bursting disc (3-6), quinary bursting disc (3-7), and senary bursting disc (3-8) increase gradually, and the difference in bursting pressure between adjacent levels is 0.1 - 0.3 Mpa.

4. The runaway reaction venting and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-phase absorption and digestion system (5) includes a fine water mist sprayer (5-1), an acyl chloride digestion chamber (5-2), an alkali solution pipeline (5-3), an alkali washing chamber (5-4), a high-pressure circulation pump (5-5), an alkali solution circulation pipeline (5-6), an ultraviolet lamp array group (5-7), and a vent gas channel (5-8). The left side of the acyl chloride digestion chamber (5-2) is connected to the upper part of the energy absorption cooling separation system (4), and the vent gas channel (5-8) communicates with the right side of the acyl chloride digestion chamber (5-2). The lower end of the vent gas channel (5-8) is connected to the inside of the alkali washing chamber (5-4) through the alkali solution pipeline (5-3). The fine water mist sprayer (5-1) is arranged on the inner top of the acyl chloride digestion chamber (5-2), the liquid outlet of the high-pressure circulation pump (5-5) is connected to the fine water mist sprayer (5-1), the liquid inlet of the high-pressure circulation pump (5-5) is connected to the inside of the alkali washing chamber (5-4) through the alkali solution circulation pipeline (5-6), and the high-pressure circulation pump (5-5) is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system (7) to realize the start-stop control of the high-pressure circulation pump (5-5). The ultraviolet lamp array group (5-7) is installed in the vent gas channel (5-8), and the ultraviolet lamp array group (5-7) is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system (7) to realize the on-off control of the ultraviolet lamp array group (5-7).

5. The runaway reaction venting and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic acid esters according to claim 4, characterized in that, Metal oxide nano-coatings are coated on the inner walls of the acyl chloride digestion chamber (5-2) and the inner walls of the vent gas channel (5-8).

6. The runaway reaction venting and containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic ester compounds according to claim 1, wherein The tail gas combustion treatment system (6) includes an igniter (6-1), a combustion chamber (6-2), an exhaust port (6-3), and a methane gas storage tank (6-4); the combustion chamber (6-2) is connected to the tail gas discharge port at the upper part of the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5) through a tail gas connection pipe; the exhaust port (6-3) is communicated and arranged on the top of the combustion chamber (6-2); the igniter (6-1) is installed on the side wall of the combustion chamber (6-2) and is connected to the methane gas storage tank (6-4); the igniter (6-1) is electrically connected to the monitoring and control system (7) to realize the ignition control of the igniter (6-1).

7. A containment method for a reaction runaway explosion relief containment system for the production of peroxycarboxylic ester compounds according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1, the monitoring and control system (7) monitors the pressure value and temperature value in the pressure-resistant reaction kettle (1) in real time through the in-kettle pressure sensor and the in-kettle temperature sensor. When the pressure rising rate exceeds 0.3 MPa / min and the temperature exceeds 80 °C, the monitoring and control system (7) starts the explosion relief warning and starts the external cold source (4-3) of the energy absorption and cooling separation system (4), and raises the cooling power of the external cold source (4-3) to between 60% and 80% of the rated value to pre-cool the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component (4-1) of the energy absorption and cooling separation system (4). Step 2, the monitoring and control system (7) collects the pressure value and temperature value in real time through the pressure sensor (2-5) and the temperature sensor (2-6) of the multi-sensing explosion relief system (2). When the pressure value and temperature value change significantly, it is determined that the pressure relief bursting disc (2-2) is ruptured, and the monitoring and control system (7) raises the cooling power of the external cold source (4-3) to 110-130% of the rated value. Step 3, the multi-stage metal foam energy absorption component (4-1) of the energy absorption and cooling separation system (4) cools and separates the ejected materials, so that the oil-phase liquid and the water-phase liquid flow downward and enter the oil-phase receiving chamber (3-1) and the water-phase receiving chamber (3-2) of the double-zone liquid-phase receiving system (3) respectively. At the same time, the gaseous materials flow upward and enter the acyl chloride digestion chamber (5-2) of the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5). Step 4, the first-stage bursting disc (3-3), the second-stage bursting disc (3-4), the third-stage bursting disc (3-5), and the fourth-stage bursting disc (3-6) in the oil-phase receiving chamber (3-1) realize the bursting pressure relief of the oil phase. The fifth-stage bursting disc (3-7) and the sixth-stage bursting disc (3-8) in the water-phase receiving chamber (3-2) realize the bursting pressure relief of the water phase. The monitoring and control system (7) controls the electromagnetic valve inhibitor release device (3-9) of the double-zone liquid-phase receiving system (3) to spray the inhibitor into the oil-phase explosion relief channel, and the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5) absorbs the gaseous materials. Step 5, the tail gas combustion treatment system (6) conducts combustion treatment on the combustible gas discharged from the gas phase absorption and digestion system (5).

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