Tunnel construction deformation detection device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel detection, and particularly discloses a tunnel construction deformation detection device which comprises a rail car, a shear fork type lifter is fixedly arranged on a bearing frame of the rail car, and a mounting platform is horizontally and fixedly arranged on a lifting platform at the upper end of the shear fork type lifter. Self-locking speed reducing mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two edges of the side, facing the advancing direction, of the installation platform, fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two edges of the side, back to the advancing direction, of the installation platform, the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms are arranged in a staggered mode, and self-adaptive circle center positioning mechanisms are arranged on the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms. A mark point clamping and laying mechanism is arranged on the self-adaptive circle center positioning mechanism in a matched mode, and a detection guide mechanism is arranged on the mark point clamping and laying mechanism in a matched mode. According to the invention, the circle center of the tunnel can be quickly and accurately positioned, and the datum points can be quickly laid in batches based on the accurately positioned circle center in cooperation with the datum point laying mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel detection, and specifically refers to a tunnel construction deformation detection device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction is an important part of infrastructure construction, and its safety and stability are directly related to people's lives, property safety and social and economic development. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, as the core component of urban rail transit, the construction technology of subway tunnels is also constantly developing and progressing. However, due to complex geological conditions, harsh construction environments and other factors, subway tunnels are prone to deformation and even collapse accidents during construction. Therefore, it is crucial to detect the deformation of subway tunnels.

[0003] The upper part of the cross-section of a subway tunnel is usually designed to be circular. This is mainly because the shield method is mainly used in subway tunnel construction, and a shield machine is a cylindrical tunneling device. Therefore, the tunnel cross-section matches the shape of the shield machine. At the same time, a circular cross-section has good mechanical properties, can evenly disperse the pressure from the stratum, improve the stability of the tunnel, and can effectively prevent tunnel deformation and collapse.

[0004] During the period from the completion of subway tunnel construction to its official operation, it is particularly important to monitor the deformation of the tunnel. The monitoring data during this period can be used to verify the construction quality. For example, an initial geometric state database can be established as a benchmark for subsequent monitoring. Common detection methods include setting up reference points for monitoring. For example, fixed points are set on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the distances and position changes between these points are measured regularly to judge the deformation of the tunnel. However, there are still some deficiencies in the current technical solution.

[0005] Selecting the center of the circle as the reference point for monitoring has significant advantages. The center of the circle is the geometric center of the tunnel cross-section, and its position is uniquely determined, which can effectively avoid the influence of human errors and improve the monitoring accuracy. In addition, taking the center of the circle as the reference, it is more convenient to calculate and analyze the deformation of the tunnel, such as cross-section ovalization deformation, local uplift or depression, etc. However, there is currently a lack of a device that can accurately locate the center of the tunnel circle, which limits the application of the center of the circle as the optimal reference point in actual projects.

[0006] The existing methods for setting up reference points usually require manual measurement and positioning one by one, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Especially in the case of a long subway line, the establishment of each reference point is very time-consuming, affecting the overall detection efficiency and making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale and high-frequency detection. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a tunnel construction deformation detection device, which can realize the rapid and accurate positioning of the center of the tunnel, eliminate human errors, and based on the accurately located center, cooperate with the reference point laying mechanism, it can quickly and batch lay the reference points, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a tunnel construction deformation detection device, including a rail car, a scissor-type lift is fixedly provided on the load-bearing frame of the rail car, a mounting platform is horizontally fixedly provided on the lifting platform at the upper end of the scissor-type lift, the two edges of the mounting platform facing the forward direction are symmetrically provided with self-locking deceleration mechanisms, the two edges of the mounting platform facing away from the forward direction are symmetrically provided with fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms, the self-locking deceleration mechanism is connected with the opposite fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism, the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms are arranged in an alternating manner, and the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms are provided with self-locking deceleration mechanisms. An adaptive circle center positioning mechanism is provided on the adaptive circle center positioning mechanism, a marking point clamping and laying mechanism is provided on the marking point clamping and laying mechanism, a detection guide mechanism is provided on the marking point clamping and laying mechanism, the self-locking deceleration mechanism is used to adjust the distance measuring angle of the fixed axis distance measuring mechanism and self-lock it, the fixed axis distance measuring mechanism preliminarily locates the center of the tunnel section by distance measuring, the adaptive circle center positioning mechanism realizes the final positioning of the center of the tunnel section, the marking point clamping and laying mechanism is used to lay and fix the marking point used to locate the center of the circle, and the detection guide mechanism is used to perform long-term detection of the tunnel section.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a first mounting rod and a first laser rangefinder, the rotating shaft passes through two horizontal edges of the mounting platform, the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the forward direction of the rail vehicle, the center of the first mounting rod is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft, two edges of one side of the first mounting rod are symmetrically and vertically fixed with sliding columns, one end of the axis of the sliding column points to the inner wall of the tunnel, the sliding column is perpendicular to the rotating shaft, two edges of the first mounting rod on the side facing away from the sliding column are symmetrically fixed with the first laser rangefinder, the ranging axis of the first laser rangefinder coincides with the axis of the adjacent sliding column, the display screen of the first laser rangefinder faces the self-locking deceleration mechanism, and the ends of the two sliding columns are jointly fixed with a second mounting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the adaptive center positioning mechanism includes two follower rings, each follower ring is located in the middle of the two sliding columns on each fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism, the axis center line of the follower ring is parallel to the axis center line of the rotating shaft, support rods are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the follower ring, a sliding tube is fixed at one end of the support rod, two sliding tubes connected to the same follower ring are tightly sleeved on the two sliding columns of the same fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism, a follower shaft is tightly provided in the two follower rings, the follower shaft is coaxially engaged and rotatably connected with the two follower rings, and a positioning shaft is coaxially fixed at the end of the follower shaft facing away from the scissors-type lift.

[0011] Further, the self-locking deceleration mechanism includes a housing fixedly arranged on the installation platform. A worm gear and a worm are arranged inside the housing. Both the worm gear and the worm are in snap-fit rotational connection with the housing. The worm gear is in meshing connection with the worm. One end of the worm penetrates through the housing and is coaxially and fixedly provided with a hand wheel. The hand wheel is located on the horizontal two sides of the installation platform. The worm gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to a rotating shaft penetrating through the housing.

[0012] Further, the marking point clamping and laying mechanism includes a positioning ring which can be closely sleeved on the positioning shaft. A lifting rod is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the positioning ring. A hollow rod is closely sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the lifting rod. A vise clamp is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow rod. A locking knob is arranged on one side of the upper part of the hollow rod. When the locking knob moves in a threaded manner with the hollow rod, it can contact the lifting rod.

[0013] Further, the vise clamp includes a fixed seat and a screw rod. The upper side of the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the hollow rod. A fixed clamp is fixedly arranged on the lower side of one end of the fixed seat. A movable clamp is in snap-fit sliding connection on the lower side of the other end of the fixed seat. One end of the screw rod penetrates through the fixed seat in a threaded manner and is in snap-fit rotational connection with the movable clamp. When the movable clamp and the fixed clamp approach each other, they can closely adhere to both sides of the sleeper.

[0014] Further, the detection and guiding mechanism includes an insertion ring, a limiting groove and a limiting strip. The insertion ring can be closely inserted into the positioning ring. The thickness of the insertion ring is greater than that of the positioning ring. The limiting groove is arranged on the inner wall surface of the positioning ring along the direction parallel to the axis line of the positioning ring. The limiting strip is arranged on the outer wall surface of the insertion ring along the direction parallel to the axis line of the insertion ring. The limiting strip can be closely inserted into the limiting groove. Positioning blocks are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the insertion ring along the direction parallel to the axis line of the insertion ring, and a circular groove is formed. A compression spring is fixedly arranged in the circular groove. One end of the compression spring is fixedly provided with a limiting column. When the positioning block is in close contact with one side of the positioning ring, the edge of the hemispherical end of the limiting column is in close contact with the other side of the positioning ring. A clamping shaft is in snap-fit rotational connection inside the insertion ring. One end of the clamping shaft is coaxially and fixedly provided with a second laser rangefinder. The second laser rangefinder is arranged in a columnar shape. A pointer is perpendicularly fixedly arranged at the edge of the end of the second laser rangefinder in close contact with the insertion ring. Angle scale values are marked at the edge of the end of the insertion ring in close contact with the second laser rangefinder. A ranging hole is laterally formed in the second laser rangefinder. The axis line of the ranging hole perpendicularly points to the extended axis line of the insertion ring. The axis line of the ranging hole is parallel to the central axis of the pointer.

[0015] Further, on one side of the installation platform facing away from the self-locking deceleration mechanism, an extension block is fixedly arranged at one of the edges. The extension block is penetrated by a rotating shaft. One of the first mounting rods is in close contact with the extension block, and the other first mounting rod is in close contact with the installation platform.

[0016] Further, the follower ring is located below the installation platform.

[0017] Further, the scissor lift is driven by a rocker-type screw to achieve lifting.

[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention with the above structure are as follows: (1) In the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism of the present invention, the distances to the inner wall of the tunnel are respectively measured by the first laser rangefinder. When the two distances are equal, a diameter line passing through the center of the circle is determined. Two mutually staggered fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms respectively determine two diameter lines, and the intersection point of them is the center of the circle. The adaptive center positioning mechanism cleverly uses the follower ring and the follower shaft to capture the intersection point of the two diameter lines in real time, thereby accurately positioning the center of the circle. This mechanism avoids manual measurement and calculation, eliminates human errors, significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of center positioning, solves the problem of the lack of a device for accurately positioning the center of the tunnel in the prior art. Compared with the traditional method of setting reference points, the present invention can quickly and automatically determine the position of the center of the circle, especially suitable for the deformation monitoring of long-distance subway tunnels, greatly shortening the detection time and improving the detection efficiency.

[0019] (2) The marking point clamping and laying mechanism of the present invention, including a positioning ring, a lifting rod, a hollow rod and a vise clamp, can realize the rapid fixing and laying of marking points. The present invention uses the accurately positioned center of the circle as a reference, and through the marking point clamping and laying mechanism, the positioning ring is fixed on the railway sleeper by the vise clamp. This mechanism is simple to operate. Only by adjusting the height, tightening the locking knob, and clamping the sleeper with the vise clamp can the laying of the marking point be completed. This automated laying method avoids cumbersome manual operations, greatly improves the efficiency of laying reference points, especially suitable for large-scale and high-frequency detection requirements, and effectively solves the problem of low efficiency of laying reference points in the prior art.

[0020] (3) The detection guiding mechanism of the present invention can realize the long-term comparative detection of the tunnel cross-section. By inserting the insertion ring into the positioning ring and using the second laser rangefinder to align with a preset angle, the distances at specific points on the inner wall of the tunnel can be accurately measured. By regularly measuring the distances at multiple fixed angles corresponding to the same marking point, data at different times can be obtained, so as to realize the long-term tracking and comparative analysis of the deformation of the tunnel cross-section. This provides reliable data support for evaluating the long-term stability of the tunnel and predicting potential risks, and further improves the safety of tunnel construction. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positional relationship between a tunnel construction deformation detection device and a tunnel proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 The second three-dimensional structural diagram of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 The structural diagram of the positional relationship between the installation platform and the self-locking deceleration mechanism of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 The exploded structural diagram of the positional relationship between the self-locking deceleration mechanism and the fixed-axis distance measurement mechanism of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 is Figure 5 The enlarged view of part A in Figure 7 is Figure 3 The enlarged view of part B in Figure 8 The structural diagram of the positional relationship between the detection guiding mechanism and the positioning ring of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention; Figure 9 The exploded structural diagram of the positional relationship between the detection guiding mechanism and the positioning ring of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention; Figure 10 is Figure 2 The enlarged view of part C in Figure 11 The working principle diagram of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention.

[0022] Wherein, 1, rail vehicle; 2, scissor lift; 3, installation platform; 31, extension block; 4, self-locking deceleration mechanism; 41, housing; 42, worm; 43, worm gear; 44, hand wheel; 5, fixed-axis distance measurement mechanism; 51, rotating shaft; 52, first mounting rod; 53, sliding column; 54, second mounting rod; 55, first laser rangefinder; 6, adaptive center positioning mechanism; 61, follower ring; 62, support rod; 63, sliding tube; 64, follower shaft; 65, positioning shaft; 7, marking point clamping and laying mechanism; 71, vise clamp; 711, fixed seat; 712, fixed clamp; 713, movable clamp; 714, screw; 72, hollow rod; 73, lifting rod; 74, locking knob; 75, positioning ring; 8, detection guiding mechanism; 81, insertion ring; 82, limiting groove; 83, limiting strip; 84, positioning block; 85, circular groove; 851, compression spring; 852, limiting post; 86, clamping shaft; 87, second laser rangefinder; 88, ranging hole; 89, pointer.

[0023] The drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0026] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown in

[0027] Among them, the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 includes a rotating shaft 51, a first mounting rod 52, and a first laser distance meter 55. The rotating shaft 51 runs through the two horizontal edges of the mounting platform 3, and the axis line of the rotating shaft 51 is parallel to the advancing direction of the rail vehicle 1. The middle part of the first mounting rod 52 is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 51. On both edges of one side of the first mounting rod 52, sliding columns 53 are symmetrically and perpendicularly fixed. One end of the axis line of the sliding column 53 points to the inner wall of the tunnel. The sliding column 53 is perpendicular to the rotating shaft 51. On both edges of the side of the first mounting rod 52 facing away from the sliding column 53, first laser distance meters 55 are symmetrically fixed. The distance measuring axis line of the first laser distance meter 55 coincides with the axis line of the adjacent sliding column 53. The display screen of the first laser distance meter 55 faces the self-locking deceleration mechanism 4. The ends of the two sliding columns 53 are jointly fixedly provided with a second mounting rod 54.

[0028] Among them, the adaptive center positioning mechanism 6 includes two follower rings 61. Each follower ring 61 is located exactly in the middle of the two sliding columns 53 on each fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5. The axis line of the follower ring 61 is parallel to the axis line of the rotating shaft 51. On both sides of the follower ring 61, support rods 62 are symmetrically fixed. One end of the support rod 62 is fixedly provided with a sliding tube 63. The two sliding tubes 63 connected to the same follower ring 61 are tightly sleeved on the two sliding columns 53 of the same fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5. A follower shaft 64 is jointly and tightly arranged inside the two follower rings 61. The follower shaft 64 is coaxially and rotationally connected to the two follower rings 61 in a clamping manner. One end of the follower shaft 64 facing away from the scissor lift 2 is coaxially fixedly provided with a positioning shaft 65. In the above settings, through the sliding of the sliding tube 63 on the sliding column 53, one fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 does not hinder the rotation of the other fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5.

[0029] Among them, the self-locking deceleration mechanism 4 includes a housing 41. The housing 41 is fixedly arranged on the mounting platform 3. Inside the housing 41, there are a worm gear 43 and a worm 42. Both the worm gear 43 and the worm 42 are rotationally connected to the housing 41 in a clamping manner. The worm gear 43 is meshed with the worm 42. One end of the worm 42 runs through the housing 41 and is coaxially fixedly provided with a handwheel 44. The handwheel 44 is located on both horizontal sides of the mounting platform 3. The worm gear 43 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 51 passing through the housing 41. Through the above settings, rotating the handwheel 44 drives the worm 42 to rotate, and then drives the rotation of the worm gear 43, realizing the rotation of the rotating shaft 51. Due to the cooperation relationship between the worm gear 43 and the worm 42, deceleration can be achieved, thereby precisely controlling the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 51 and being able to achieve self-locking.

[0030] Among them, the marker point clamping and laying mechanism 7 includes a positioning ring 75. The positioning ring 75 can be closely sleeved on the positioning shaft 65. A lifting rod 73 is fixedly provided on the lower side of the positioning ring 75. A hollow rod 72 is closely sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the lifting rod 73. A vise clamp 71 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the hollow rod 72. A locking knob 74 is provided on one side of the upper part of the hollow rod 72. When the locking knob 74 moves in a threaded manner with the hollow rod 72, it can contact the lifting rod 73. Through the above settings, the relative sliding of the lifting rod 73 in the hollow rod 72 realizes the adjustment of the overall length of the two, and the length is fixed by the locking knob 74. Reasonably adjusting this length enables the vise clamp 71 to contact the sleeper, and finally realizes the overall fixation.

[0031] Among them, the vise clamp 71 includes a fixed seat 711 and a screw rod 714. The upper side of the fixed seat 711 is fixedly connected to the hollow rod 72. A fixed clamp 712 is fixedly provided on the lower side of one end of the fixed seat 711. A movable clamp 713 is clamped and slidably provided on the lower side of the other end of the fixed seat 711. One end of the screw rod 714 is threadedly penetrated through the fixed seat 711 and is clamped and rotatably connected to the movable clamp 713. When the movable clamp 713 and the fixed clamp 712 approach each other, they can be closely attached to both sides of the sleeper. In this setting, by rotating the screw rod 714, the screw rod 714 advances in the fixed seat 711 and drives the movable clamp 713 to approach the fixed clamp 712, and the sleeper is clamped. The vise clamp 71 is fixed on the sleeper through screw self-locking.

[0032] Among them, the detection and guiding mechanism 8 includes an insertion ring 81, a limiting groove 82 and a limiting strip 83. The insertion ring 81 can be closely inserted into the positioning ring 75. The thickness of the insertion ring 81 is greater than the thickness of the positioning ring 75. The limiting groove 82 is opened on the inner wall surface of the positioning ring 75 along the direction parallel to the axis line of the positioning ring 75. The limiting strip 83 is opened on the outer wall surface of the insertion ring 81 along the direction parallel to the axis line of the insertion ring 81. The limiting strip 83 can be closely inserted into the limiting groove 82. Positioning blocks 84 are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the insertion ring 81 in sequence along the direction parallel to the axis line of the insertion ring 81, and a circular groove 85 is opened. A compression spring 851 is fixedly provided in the circular groove 85. One end of the compression spring 851 is fixedly provided with a limiting post 852. When the positioning block 84 is closely attached to one side of the positioning ring 75, the edge of the hemispherical end of the limiting post 852 is closely attached to the other side of the positioning ring 75. A clamping shaft 86 is clamped and rotatably provided in the insertion ring 81. One end of the clamping shaft 86 is coaxially fixedly provided with a second laser rangefinder 87. The second laser rangefinder 87 is arranged in a columnar shape. A pointer 89 is perpendicularly fixedly provided at the edge of the end of the second laser rangefinder 87 that is closely attached to the insertion ring 81. Angle scale values are marked at the edge of the end of the insertion ring 81 that is closely attached to the second laser rangefinder 87. A ranging hole 88 is opened on the side of the second laser rangefinder 87. The axis line of the ranging hole 88 is perpendicularly directed to the extended axis line of the insertion ring 81. The axis line of the ranging hole 88 is parallel to the central axis of the pointer 89.

[0033] Among them, on one side of the installation platform 3 facing away from the self-locking speed reduction mechanism 4, an extension block 31 is fixedly provided at one of the edges. The extension block 31 is penetrated by a rotating shaft 51. One of the first mounting rods 52 is in close contact with the extension block 31, and the other first mounting rod 52 is in close contact with the installation platform 3. By providing the extension block 31, the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms 5 can be staggered from each other.

[0034] Among them, the follower ring 61 is located below the installation platform 3. In this setting, the positioning shaft 65 is always located below the installation platform 3 and moves, so that the height of the marking point clamping and laying mechanism 7 is reduced, making the marking point clamping and laying mechanism 7 more stable.

[0035] Among them, the scissor lift 2 uses a rocker-type thread drive to achieve lifting without electric drive.

[0036] During specific use, when the tunnel construction has just been completed and has not yet deformed, the work of center positioning and marking laying is started. The rail vehicle 1 travels on the tunnel track, and it is ensured that the self-locking speed reduction mechanism 4 is located in front of the advancing direction of the rail vehicle 1. When moving to the position where positioning and measurement are required, the rail vehicle 1 is fixed by the braking device on the rail vehicle 1. At this time, the projection of the positioning shaft 65 on the ground should intersect with one of the sleepers. Manually control the lifting of the scissor lift 2, and ensure that the installation platform 3 is located above the center of the tunnel cross-section according to the experience of multiple measurement and positioning. Only in this way can the positioning shaft 65 below the installation platform 3 be positioned at the center of the cross-section circle. At this time, control the handwheel 44 to rotate, drive the first mounting rod 52 to rotate around the rotating shaft 51 through the worm 42, the worm gear 43 and the rotating shaft 51. Since the sliding columns 53 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft 51, and the ranging rays of the first laser rangefinder 55 are coaxially arranged with the sliding columns 53, when the first laser rangefinder 55 is turned on at this time, the first laser rangefinder 55 will point to the inner wall of the tunnel to start measuring the distance. Since the rotating shaft 51 does not coincide with the tunnel center, the distances measured by the two first laser rangefinders 55 on the same fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 are not necessarily equal. At the beginning, one of the measurements is greater than the other measurement. Until the sliding column 53 rotates to a specific angle, the two measurements are equal. If the sliding column 53 rotates further at this time, one of the measurements will be less than the other measurement. Therefore, the rotation angle of the sliding column 53 when the two measurements are equal is a uniquely determined value. According to the geometric relationship, the parallel line at the middle position of the two sliding columns 53 at this angle will pass through the center of the tunnel cross-section, that is, this parallel line is the diameter line of the tunnel cross-section. Since the follower ring 61 is located in the middle of the two sliding columns 53, it is concluded that the follower ring 61 is located on the diameter line of the tunnel cross-section. By adjusting the other fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 through the above steps, the two measurements of the other fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 are made equal. At this time, the other follower ring 61 is also located on the diameter line of the tunnel cross-section. Since the two follower rings 61 are coaxially coincident through the follower shaft 64, the follower ring 61 is located at the intersection point O of the two diameter lines. Therefore, the axis center of the follower ring 61 will coincide with the center of the tunnel cross-section.

[0037] Put the positioning ring 75 on the positioning shaft 65 and reasonably determine the sleeving position so that the vise fixture 71 can face one of the sleepers. Unscrew the locking knob 74 so that the lower side of the fixed seat 711 can be close to the sleeper during the natural vertical descent of the hollow rod 72. Then tighten the locking knob 74 and lock the vise fixture 71 on the sleeper. At this time, the positioning ring 75 is fixed. Move the rail vehicle 1 forward, and the positioning shaft 65 is separated from the positioning ring 75. Then fix the next positioning ring 75 in the same way.

[0038] When long-term comparative detection is required during the period from the completion of marking laying to the start of operation, for the positioning ring 75 at a specific position, align the limiting strip 83 with the limiting groove 82, insert the insertion ring 81 into the positioning ring 75. The function of the limiting groove 82 makes the scale reference on the insertion ring 81 always consistent. The hemispherical end of the limiting post 852 is pressed into the round groove 85 by the positioning ring 75. When the positioning block 84 abuts against the positioning ring 75, the limiting post 852 is pressed by the compression spring 851 so that its hemispherical end edge abuts against the positioning ring 75, thus realizing the temporary fixation of the insertion ring 81. Rotate the second laser rangefinder 87 and adjust the pointer 89 to a specific angle to detect specific points on the inner wall section of the tunnel. Measure the distance at multiple fixed angles of the same positioning ring 75 multiple times to obtain values at different times, realizing long-term comparative detection and obtaining the deformation situation of a specific tunnel section. Finally, remove all the structures fixed on the sleepers before the subway operation.

[0039] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

[0041] The above description of the present invention and its implementation manners is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In general, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design, without creative efforts, structural manners and embodiments similar to the technical solution without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction deformation detection device, comprising a rail vehicle (1), characterized in that: A scissor lift (2) is fixedly provided on the load-bearing frame of the rail vehicle (1); a mounting platform (3) is horizontally fixedly provided on the lifting platform at the upper end of the scissor lift (2); two edges of the mounting platform (3) facing the forward direction are symmetrically provided with self-locking deceleration mechanisms (4); two edges of the mounting platform (3) facing away from the forward direction are symmetrically provided with fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms (5); the self-locking deceleration mechanisms (4) are cooperatively connected with the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms (5) facing the opposite side; the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms (5) are arranged in a staggered manner; the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms (5) are provided with adaptive center positioning mechanisms (6); the adaptive center positioning mechanisms (6) are provided with a marking point clamping and laying mechanism (7); and the marking point clamping and laying mechanism (7) is provided with a detection guide mechanism (8); The fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism (5) comprises a rotating shaft (51), a first mounting rod (52) and a first laser distance meter (55); the rotating shaft (51) passes through two horizontal edges of the mounting platform (3); the first mounting rod (52) is fixedly mounted at a central portion on one end of the rotating shaft (51); sliding columns (53) are symmetrically and vertically fixedly mounted on two edges of one side of the first mounting rod (52); and the first laser distance meter (55) is symmetrically and fixedly mounted on two edges of a side of the first mounting rod (52) facing away from the sliding column (53).

2. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis centerline of the rotating shaft (51) is parallel to the forward direction of the rail vehicle (1); one end of the axis centerline of the sliding column (53) points to the inner wall of the tunnel; the sliding column (53) is perpendicular to the rotating shaft (51); the distance measurement axis centerline of the first laser rangefinder (55) coincides with the axis centerline of the adjacent sliding column (53); the display screen of the first laser rangefinder (55) faces the self-locking speed reduction mechanism (4); and a second mounting rod (54) is fixedly provided at the ends of the two sliding columns (53).

3. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive circle center positioning mechanism (6) comprises two follower rings (61), each follower ring (61) is located in the middle of two sliding columns (53) on each fixed axis distance measuring mechanism (5), the axis center line of the follower ring (61) is parallel to the axis center line of the rotating shaft (51), support rods (62) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the follower ring (61), one end of the support rod (62) is fixed with a sliding tube (63), two sliding tubes (63) connected to the same follower ring (61) are tightly sleeved on two sliding columns (53) of the same fixed axis distance measuring mechanism (5), a follower shaft (64) is tightly provided in the two follower rings (61), the follower shaft (64) is coaxially engaged and rotatably connected with the two follower rings (61), and a positioning shaft (65) is coaxially fixed on one end of the follower shaft (64) facing away from the scissor lift (2).

4. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The self-locking speed reduction mechanism (4) comprises a housing (41), the housing (41) being fixedly mounted on the mounting platform (3), a worm wheel (43) and a worm (42) being arranged in the housing (41), the worm wheel (43) and the worm (42) both being engaged and rotatably connected with the housing (41), the worm wheel (43) being meshingly connected with the worm (42), one end of the worm (42) passing through the housing (41) and then being coaxially fixedly provided with a hand wheel (44), the hand wheel (44) being located on both horizontal sides of the mounting platform (3), and the worm wheel (43) being coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (51) passing through the housing (41).

5. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The marking point clamping and laying mechanism (7) comprises a positioning ring (75), the positioning ring (75) can be closely sleeved on the positioning shaft (65), a lifting rod (73) is fixedly provided on the lower side of the positioning ring (75), a hollow rod (72) is closely sleeved on the lower outer side of the lifting rod (73), a vise clamp (71) is fixedly provided on the lower end of the hollow rod (72), and a locking knob (74) is provided on one side of the upper part of the hollow rod (72), and the locking knob (74) can contact the lifting rod (73) when the hollow rod (72) and the hollow rod (72) are threadedly moved.

6. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vise clamp (71) comprises a fixed seat (711) and a screw rod (714); the upper side of the fixed seat (711) is fixedly connected to the hollow rod (72); a fixed clamp (712) is fixedly provided on the lower side of one end of the fixed seat (711); a movable clamp (713) is slidably engaged with the lower side of the other end of the fixed seat (711); one end of the screw rod (714) is threadedly penetrated through the fixed seat (711) and is engaged and rotatably connected with the movable clamp (713); the movable clamp (713) and the fixed clamp (712) can be closely attached to both sides of the sleeper when they are close to each other.

7. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection guide mechanism (8) comprises an insert ring (81), a limiting groove (82) and a limiting strip (83); the insert ring (81) can be tightly inserted into the positioning ring (75); the thickness of the insert ring (81) is greater than the thickness of the positioning ring (75); the limiting groove (82) is provided on the inner wall surface of the positioning ring (75) along a direction parallel to the axis of the positioning ring (75); the limiting strip (83) is provided on the outer wall surface of the insert ring (81) along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring (81); the limiting strip (83) can be tightly inserted into the limiting groove (82); the outer wall of the insert ring (81) is fixedly provided with a positioning block (84) and a circular groove (85) in sequence along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring (81); a compression spring (851) is fixedly provided in the circular groove (85); a limiting column (852) is fixedly provided at one end of the compression spring (851); When the positioning block (84) is in close contact with one side of the positioning ring (75), the hemispherical end edge of the limit column (852) is in close contact with the other side of the positioning ring (75); a clamping shaft (86) is provided in the inserting ring (81) for engagement and rotation; a second laser rangefinder (87) is coaxially fixedly provided at one end of the clamping shaft (86); the second laser rangefinder (87) is arranged in a columnar shape; a pointer (89) is vertically fixedly provided at an edge of one end of the second laser rangefinder (87) in close contact with the inserting ring (81); an angle scale value is marked on an edge of one end of the inserting ring (81) in close contact with the second laser rangefinder (87); a distance measuring hole (88) is provided laterally on the second laser rangefinder (87); an axis line of the distance measuring hole (88) is perpendicularly pointed to an extended axis line of the inserting ring (81); and an axis line of the distance measuring hole (88) is parallel to a central axis of the pointer (89).

8. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An extension block (31) is fixedly provided on one edge of the side of the mounting platform (3) facing away from the self-locking speed reduction mechanism (4), the extension block (31) being penetrated by a rotating shaft (51), one of the first mounting rods (52) being in close contact with the extension block (31), and the other first mounting rod (52) being in close contact with the mounting platform (3).

9. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The follower ring (61) is located below the mounting platform (3).

10. A tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The scissor lift (2) is driven by a rocker-type thread to achieve lifting.

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