Vehicle debris penetration performance test mechanism and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism and a testing method. The testing mechanism comprises a portal frame; the impact unit is arranged on the placing platform of the portal frame, and the impact unit comprises a balancing weight, an impact rod, a control panel and a plurality of guide rods; the bottom of the guide rod is fixed to a control plate, and the control plate is detachably connected with a balancing weight through a bolt. The impact bar is arranged at the bottom of the balancing weight; the limiting units are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the guide rod, and each limiting unit comprises a roller, a connecting shaft, a ratchet wheel, a pawl and a plurality of limiting blocks; the idler wheels are fixed through a connecting shaft, the ratchet wheel and the connecting shaft are concentrically connected, the pawl is arranged on one side of the ratchet wheel in a matched mode, and a pressure switch is arranged on one side of the pawl. And when the impact unit rebounds, the guide rod drives the roller to rotate to force the pawl to rotate to trigger the pressure switch so as to lock the guide rod. Secondary springback impact interference on correct numerical values is avoided, and the reliability of test data is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle testing, in particular to a vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of vehicle safety testing, it is crucial to evaluate the resistance of a vehicle frame or a protective structure to high-speed debris impact. In the prior art, traditional penetration testing devices mostly adopt the principle of free-fall impact, and use a counterweight to simulate the kinetic energy of debris. However, after the impact unit hits the target, it is prone to rebound, resulting in secondary or even multiple impacts, causing test data distortion and being unable to accurately reflect the single penetration effect. At the same time, in order to lock the impact unit, it can also be lifted and reset. Too small a force cannot lock the impact unit, and too large a force cannot hold the impact unit. For counterweights of different weights, it is necessary to manually adjust the locking force of the mechanical braking device, which is cumbersome to operate and prone to locking failure or excessive wear due to human error. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism and a testing method. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions: The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism and testing method include A gantry; An impact unit, arranged on the placement platform of the gantry. The impact unit includes a counterweight, an impact rod, a control board, and a plurality of guide rods. The bottom of the guide rod is fixed to the control board, and the control board is detachably connected to the counterweight by bolts. The impact rod is arranged at the bottom of the counterweight. A limiting unit, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide rod, including rollers, a connecting shaft, a ratchet wheel, a pawl, and a plurality of limiting blocks. The rollers are fixed by the connecting shaft, and the ratchet wheel is concentrically connected to the connecting shaft. The pawl is arranged on one side of the ratchet wheel, and a pressure switch is arranged on one side of the pawl. When the impact unit rebounds, the guide rod drives the roller to rotate until the pawl rotates to trigger the pressure switch to lock the guide rod.

[0004] In the above solution, preferably, the limiting unit further includes a plurality of limiting blocks. A chute is arranged on the roller of the limiting unit, and the limiting block is slidably arranged in the chute. A first electromagnet is arranged in the chute, and a permanent magnet is fixed at one end of the limiting block. When the pressure switch is triggered and the first electromagnet is energized, it drives the limiting block to extend out of the chute and contact the guide rod to lock.

[0005] In the above solution, preferably, the limiting block includes a first slider, and a limiting port is provided in the sliding groove to limit the moving stroke of the first slider; the first slider is fixed to a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is disposed opposite to the first electromagnet. After the first electromagnet is energized to generate a magnetic force identical to that on the side opposite to the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is driven by the magnetic force to move the first slider towards the outside of the sliding groove.

[0006] In the above solution, preferably, the pawl is slidably disposed in the sleeve through a rod, and an electric push rod is provided in the sleeve. The electric push rod is connected to the rod and is used to control the pawl to disengage from the ratchet to release the lock.

[0007] In the above solution, preferably, a measuring unit is provided on the placement platform. The placement platform includes a first plate body, and the measuring unit is disposed in a box body of the first plate body. The measuring unit includes a measuring plate, a measuring spring and a variable resistor. The measuring plate is slidably disposed in a track of the box body, and its bottom is connected to the bottom of the box body through the measuring spring. The variable resistor includes a variable resistance slider, and the bottom of the measuring plate is connected to the variable resistance slider; the variable resistor is electrically connected to the first electromagnet of the limiting unit, and the resistance value changes with the displacement of the measuring plate to adjust the magnetic force of the first electromagnet.

[0008] In the above solution, preferably, a second electromagnet is covered outside the track in the box body, and when energized, it adsorbs the measuring plate to fix its position.

[0009] In the above solution, preferably, the placement platform further includes second plate bodies vertically disposed on both sides of the first plate body. Linear bearings are provided on the second plate bodies, and the guiding rods are inserted through the linear bearings; a third electromagnet is provided at the bottom of the second plate body and is used to adsorb the control plate to temporarily fix the impact unit.

[0010] In the above solution, preferably, the roller is connected to a rotating motor, and the rotating motor drives the roller to rotate to reset the impact unit to the top of the gantry.

[0011] Test method of a vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism: S1: Place the vehicle frame to be tested at the test position below the impact rod; S2: After installing a suitable counterweight on the impact unit, the measuring plate is pressed down, and the magnetic force of the first electromagnet is adjusted through the variable resistor to match the weight of the counterweight, and the second electromagnet is started to lock the variable resistance slider. Further, the control plate is adsorbed by the third electromagnet to fix the impact unit at the top of the gantry; S3: Disconnect the third electromagnet, and the impact unit falls freely to complete the test; S4: When the impact unit rebounds, the pawl triggers the pressure switch, and the limiting block extends out to lock the guiding rod to prevent secondary impact; S4: Start the rotating motor to drive the roller to rotate to reset the impact unit to the top of the gantry.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By means of a ratchet wheel, a ratchet pawl, and a cooperating limiting unit, and by arranging the impact unit for testing within the limiting unit, it is possible to avoid the interference of secondary rebound impact on the correct value and ensure the reliability of test data. At the same time, in cooperation with an electric push rod and a rotating motor, after the ratchet pawl disengages from the roller, the rotating motor works in coordination to achieve the rapid release of the locked state and the automatic reset of the impact unit, thereby improving the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a relationship diagram of the limiting unit and the placement platform of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the limiting unit cooperating with the impact unit of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a top view of the limiting unit of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 is Figure 4 A - A sectional view of

[0018] Figure 6 of the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view at B

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the inside of the roller of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating motor cooperating with the limiting unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The following further describes the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments: Refer to Figures 1 - 8 , the vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism includes a gantry 1, and an impact unit is arranged on the gantry 1. The impact unit can impact downward from the gantry 1 to complete the penetration test of the vehicle frame.

[0022] The impact unit includes a counterweight 3, an impact rod 4, and a plurality of guide rods 6. The number of the guide rods 6 is two. Among them, the bottom of the guide rod 6 is connected to the counterweight 3, and at the same time, the tops of the guide rods 6 are connected by a connecting rod.

[0023] Specifically, a control board 5 is further arranged between the guide rod 6 and the counterweight. The bottom of the guide rod 6 is fixedly connected to the control board 5. At the same time, the control board 5 is detachably connected to the counterweight block 3. Specifically, through holes are arranged in the counterweight block 3 and fixed to the control board 5 by bolts. At the same time, an impact rod 4 is arranged at the bottom of the through hole, and the impact rod 4 is also temporarily fixed to the counterweight block 3 by a screw.

[0024] A placement platform 2 is arranged on the gantry 1. The placement platform 2 includes a first plate body 18 and second plate bodies 19 perpendicular to both sides of the first plate body 18. A number of linear bearings 27 are arranged on the second plate bodies 19. The linear bearings 27 ensure that the guide rod 6 runs vertically on the gantry 1. At the same time, two linear bearings 27 are arranged on each of the second plate bodies 19 and are arranged on the opposite sides thereof.

[0025] A third electromagnet 28 for temporarily adsorbing the control board 5 is arranged between the bottoms of the third plate bodies. After the third electromagnet 28 is energized and has magnetic force, the control board 5, i.e., the impact unit, is temporarily fixed on the placement platform 2 of the gantry 1. Subsequently, after the third electromagnet 28 is powered off, the impact unit drops from the gantry 1 to complete the impact test on the vehicle frame.

[0026] Since there will be a problem of rebound of the impact unit after the impact rod 4 impacts the vehicle frame, and the impact unit rebounds and impacts the vehicle frame again, resulting in inaccurate test results. Therefore, a limiting unit is arranged on the placement platform 2, and the limiting unit is used to lock the rebound of the guide rod 6.

[0027] Specifically, the limiting unit includes rollers 7, a connecting shaft 8, a ratchet 9 and a pawl 10. Two sets of the limiting units are arranged and are respectively arranged on both sides of the guide rod 6. The unilateral limiting unit includes two rollers 7, and the rollers 7 are connected by the connecting shaft 8. The connecting shaft 8 is synchronously connected to the ratchet 9, that is, the ratchet 9 is concentrically connected to the connecting shaft 8. A pawl 10 is arranged on one side of the ratchet 9 in a matching manner. After the above units are arranged on both sides of the guide rod 6, when the guide rod 6 moves downward under the action of gravity, at this time, the rollers 7 on both sides of the guide rod 6 rotate in opposite directions. At this time, the rotation state of the rollers 7 is the first state. At this time, the rotation direction of the ratchet 9 rotates along with the pawl 10 normally. That is, when the guide rod 6 runs reversely, at this time, the rotation of the rollers 7 is the second state. That is, when the rollers 7 rotate in the second state, the ratchet 9 is stuck on the pawl 10.

[0028] The limiting unit further includes a number of limiting blocks 11 on the roller 7. Corresponding sliding grooves 13 are provided on the roller 7 for the limiting blocks 11. The limiting blocks 11 slide in the sliding grooves 13. A first electromagnet 14 for controlling the movement of the limiting blocks 11 is provided in the sliding grooves 13. When the first electromagnet 14 is energized, the limiting blocks 11 move away from the first electromagnet 14 and abut against the guide rod 6, thereby realizing the locking of the guide rod 6, that is, the rebounded guide rod 6 will be locked by the limiting blocks 11.

[0029] To achieve the above control, a pressure switch 12 is provided on one side of the pawl 10. When the moving direction of the guide rod 6 is reversed, the ratchet 9 drives the pawl 10 to rotate until the pressure switch 12 is activated. The pressure switch 12 drives the first electromagnet 14 to start energizing, moving the limiting blocks 11 away from the first electromagnet 14, and the limiting blocks 11 lock the guide rod 6.

[0030] Specifically, the limiting block 11 includes a first slider 15 for sliding. The first slider 15 slides in the sliding groove 13 and is restricted from moving by a limiting port 16. A permanent magnet is provided on the side of the first slider 15 corresponding to the electromagnet. When the first electromagnet 14 is energized, the first slider 15 moves away from it under the action of the permanent magnet. Further, the limiting block 11 can be a flexible rubber block.

[0031] Further, the ratchet 9 needs to be disengaged from the restriction of the pawl 10. For the specific installation of the pawl 10, the pawl 10 is slidably arranged in a sleeve 17 through a rod body. The sleeve is fixed on the first plate body 18 of the placement platform 2. At the same time, an electric push rod is provided in the sleeve 17. The electric push rod is connected to the rod body and drives it to move. When the rod body drives the pawl 10 to move upward, the ratchet 9 can rotate freely.

[0032] At the same time, after the impact is completed, the impact unit needs to be placed back on the top of the gantry 1. Therefore, a rotating motor 29 is provided on each side of the roller 7. When the rotating motor 29 drives the roller 7 to rotate, the roller 7 after the movement of the limiting block 11 can rotate in a second state, moving the impact unit towards the gantry 1.

[0033] At the same time, in order to adapt to counterweight blocks 3 of different weights, that is, to adapt to the magnetic force acting on the limiting blocks 11, to prevent too small a magnetic force from being unable to lock the guide rod and too large a magnetic force from being unable to drive the guide rod 6 to move.

[0034] Therefore, a measuring unit is provided on the placement platform 2. Further, a box body 20 is provided on the first plate body 18. The measuring unit includes a measuring plate 21 and a measuring spring 22. The measuring plate 21 is slidably arranged in the box body 20, and the measuring spring 22 is arranged between the bottom of the measuring plate 21 and the bottom of the box body 20. For impact units of different weights, the positions of the measurements are different.

[0035] Furthermore, as a further option, a variable resistor 23 is provided in the box body 20. The first electromagnet 14 and the variable resistor 23 are electrically connected. The variable resistor 23 includes a resistance coil column and a variable resistor slider 24 sliding thereon. The variable resistor slider 24 is connected to the measuring plate 21, and the two move synchronously to achieve a change in the variable resistor 23.

[0036] When the resistance of the variable resistor 23 connected to the first electromagnet 14 becomes larger, the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 14 becomes weaker. Further, when the measuring plate 21 moves downward, that is, the resistance value connected to the first electromagnet 14 becomes smaller, that is, when the weight of the impact unit becomes larger, the downward movement amplitude of the measuring plate 21 is larger, that is, the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 14 is larger. Conversely, the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 14 will decrease.

[0037] A track 25 is provided in the box body 20. The measuring block slides in the track 25, and a second electromagnet 26 is covered and arranged outside the track 25. When the second electromagnet 26 is energized, the measuring block is locked on the track 25.

[0038] Further, a measuring rod 30 is provided on the connecting rod at the top of the guide rod 6. The measuring rod 30 is arranged downward, that is, the direction of the measuring rod 30 faces the placement of the test plate. When the first electromagnet 14 and the impact unit are separated, when reinstalling different counterweight blocks 3, the measuring rod 30 and the measuring plate 21 cooperate to realize the evaluation of the weight of the impact unit.

[0039] Working principle: Preparation stage: Slide and adjust the impact unit and the placement platform 2 to a suitable position and temporarily fix them on the top of the gantry 1. Vertically pass the guide rod 6 through the linear bearings 27 on both sides of the gantry 1. Further, install the control board 5 and the counterweight block 3. At this time, the measuring rod 30 abuts against the measuring plate 21. According to the weight of the counterweight block 3 and the impact unit, compress the measuring spring 22, push the variable resistor slider 24 to move, and adjust the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 14 to an appropriate value. First, energize the second electromagnet 26 to lock the variable resistor slider 24 and the measuring block on the track 25; After energizing the third electromagnet 28, then move the impact unit to temporarily connect the control board 5 and the third electromagnet 28, and at the same time place the vehicle frame to be tested below the impact unit to complete the preparation stage.

[0040] Testing stage: the third electromagnet 28 is controlled to be powered off, the control board 5 loses magnetic adsorption, and the impact unit impacts the vehicle frame to be tested to simulate the penetration process of high-speed impact of debris, and the test is carried out. Specifically, when the impact unit falls, the rollers 7 on both sides of the guide rod 6 follow due to friction, driving the connecting shaft 8 and the ratchet 9 and the rotation direction of the first state; the ratchet 10 slides on the tooth surface of the ratchet 9, and the pressure switch 12 is not triggered; Rebound limiting stage: after the impact rod 4 contacts the frame, the impact unit rebounds upward due to the reaction force, and the guide rod 6 drives the roller 7 to rotate in the second state to make it rotate in the opposite direction. When the limiting unit rotates in the second state, the tooth surface of the ratchet 9 abuts against the pawl 10, forcing the pawl 10 to push and squeeze the pressure switch 12 on one side thereof, triggering the first electromagnet 14 to be energized, and the permanent magnet in the limiting block 11 generates a repulsive force, pushing the limiting block 11 to extend outward along the roller 7 slide groove 13, and closely contacting the surface of the guide rod 6, locking the position of the guide rod 6 by friction, and preventing the impact unit from falling for the second time.

[0041] Reset stage: First, the electric push rod in the sleeve 17 is started to push the pawl 10 out of the ratchet 9, and the mechanical restriction of the ratchet 9 on the pawl 10 is released. When the driving rotation motor 29 is started, the roller 7 is rotated in the reverse direction of the second state, and the guide rod 6 and the impact unit are driven to rise to the top of the gantry 1 through friction. At this time, the third electromagnet 28 is powered on again, and the control board 5 can be adsorbed to prepare for the next test.

[0042] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism, characterized by: include Gantry (1); An impact unit is arranged on a placement platform (2) of the gantry (1), and comprises a counterweight (3), an impact rod (4), a control board (5), and a plurality of guide rods (6); the bottom of the guide rod (6) is fixed to the control board (5), and the control board (5) is detachably connected to the counterweight (3) by bolts; the impact rod (4) is arranged at the bottom of the counterweight (3); The limiting unit is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide rod (6), and comprises a roller (7), a connecting shaft (8), a ratchet (9), a pawl (10) and a plurality of limiting blocks (11); the rollers (7) are fixed by the connecting shaft (8), and are concentrically connected to the ratchet (9) with the connecting shaft (8); the pawl (10) is arranged on one side of the ratchet (9), and a pressure switch (12) is arranged on one side of the pawl (10); when the impact unit rebounds, the guide rod (6) drives the roller (7) to rotate until the pawl (10) is forced to rotate and trigger the pressure switch (12) to lock the guide rod (6).

2. The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting unit also includes a plurality of limiting blocks (11), a sliding groove (13) is provided on the roller (7) of the limiting unit, a limiting block (11) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (13), a first electromagnet (14) is provided in the sliding groove (13), and a permanent magnet is fixed to one end of the limiting block (11); when the pressure switch (12) is triggered and the first electromagnet (14) is energized, the limiting block (11) is driven to extend out of the sliding groove (13) and contact and lock with the guide rod (6).

3. The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting block (11) comprises a first slider (15), and a limiting opening (16) is provided in the slide groove (13) to limit the moving stroke of the first slider (15); the first slider (15) is fixed to a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is arranged opposite to a first electromagnet (14), and when the first electromagnet (14) is energized to generate a magnetic force identical to that on the opposite side of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is driven by the magnetic force to move the first slider (15) toward the outside of the slide groove (13).

4. The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet pawl (10) is slidably arranged in a sleeve (17) through a rod body. An electric push rod is arranged in the sleeve (17). The electric push rod is connected to the rod body and is used to control the ratchet pawl (10) to disengage from the ratchet wheel (9) to release the lock.

5. The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A measuring unit is arranged on the placement platform (2). The placement platform (2) comprises a first plate body (18). The measuring unit is arranged in a box body (20) of the first plate body (18). The measuring unit comprises a measuring plate (21), a measuring spring (22) and a rheostat (23). The measuring plate (21) is slidably arranged in a track (25) of the box body (20). The bottom of the measuring plate (21) is connected to the bottom of the box body (20) through the measuring spring (22). The rheostat (24) comprises a rheostat slider (24). The bottom of the measuring plate (21) is connected to the rheostat slider (24). The rheostat (23) is electrically connected to a first electromagnet (14) of a limiting unit. The resistance value changes with the displacement of the measuring plate (21) to adjust the magnetic force of the first electromagnet (14).

6. The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the track (25) in the box body (20) is covered with a second electromagnet (26), which adsorbs the measuring plate (21) to fix its position when powered on.

7. The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The placement platform (2) also includes a second plate body (19) vertically arranged on both sides of the first plate body (18); a linear bearing (27) is provided on the second plate body (19), and the guide rod (6) is inserted into the linear bearing (27); a third electromagnet (28) is provided at the bottom of the second plate body (19) for adsorbing the control plate (5) to temporarily fix the impact unit.

8. The vehicle debris penetration performance testing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller (7) is connected to a rotating motor (29), and the rotating motor (29) drives the roller (7) to rotate so as to reset the impact unit to the top of the gantry (1).

9. The test method of the vehicle debris penetration performance test mechanism is characterized by: s1: place the vehicle frame to be tested at the test position below the impact rod (4); s2: after installing a suitable counterweight (3) on the impact unit, the measuring plate (21) is pressed downward, and the magnetic force of the first electromagnet (14) is adjusted by the rheostat (23) to adapt to the weight of the counterweight (3), and the second electromagnet (26) is started to lock the rheostat slider (24), and further, the impact unit is fixed to the top of the gantry (1) by adsorbing the control plate (5) through the third electromagnet (28); s3: disconnect the third electromagnet (28), the impact unit falls freely, and the test is completed; s4: when the impact unit rebounds, the ratchet (10) triggers the pressure switch (12), and the limit block (11) extends out to lock the guide rod (6) to prevent secondary impact; s4: start the rotating motor (29) to drive the roller (7) to rotate, and reset the impact unit to the top of the gantry (1).

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