Cloud image processing method, system and medium for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cloud map processing method, system, and medium for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement. The cloud map processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement comprises: reading PMLAB RDIC software to generate soil surface deformation data based on a soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle; reading Revealer Motion Analysis software to generate penetrometer half-section model motion data based on a motion image of the penetrometer half-section model; determining the position of the penetrometer at each moment and the shape and size of the penetrometer's soil coverage area based on the penetrometer half-section model motion data, performing secondary processing on the soil surface deformation data, and drawing a soil surface deformation cloud map; and integrating the soil surface deformation cloud map into a user graphical interface. The present invention can effectively solve the problem that when the free-fall penetrometer half-section model is penetrated closely against a glass surface, a thin layer of soil obscures the penetrometer outline, resulting in inaccurate DIC analysis results for the soil coverage area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soil penetration deformation measurement, and in particular to a cloud image processing method, system and medium for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement. Background Art

[0002] Digital image correlation (DIC) utilizes the fundamental principles of digital image processing to measure surface deformation by capturing images with a digital camera and tracking the positional changes in the surface's topographical features (artificial speckle) before deformation. This non-contact, full-field optical mechanics method can be used to analyze, calculate, and record soil deformation during free-fall penetration testing, providing measurement results such as data and cloud maps that clearly and intuitively demonstrate the deformation behavior of the soil being measured.

[0003] A half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer is launched along a guide rail under high-pressure air and penetrates the soil close to the glass surface of the soil trough box. A digital camera captures images to measure soil surface deformation. Due to the axisymmetric condition, the measured soil surface deformation at the glass surface is equivalent to the soil deformation at the axisymmetric cross-section during free-fall penetration.

[0004] When a free-fall penetrometer half-section model is inserted against a glass surface, a thin layer of soil inevitably obscures the penetrometer profile and leads to inaccurate DIC analysis results in the relevant area. Existing commercial DIC analysis software cannot address this issue. There is an urgent need to address the issue of how to prevent the soil between the penetrometer profile and the glass from obscuring the penetrometer profile and causing a decrease in the accuracy of DIC analysis results in the soil-covered area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a cloud map processing method, system and medium for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement, so as to solve the problem that the accuracy of the DIC analysis results of the soil coverage area of ​​the penetrometer is reduced due to the soil mixed between the penetrometer profile and the glass surface blocking the penetrometer outline.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention relates to a cloud map processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement, wherein a half-section model of a free-fall penetrometer is launched into a soil trough box along a guide rail, and penetrates the soil closely against the glass side of the soil trough box, and images are collected by a camera to perform cloud map processing of the soil deformation during penetration, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Based on the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle, PMLAB RDIC software is read to generate soil surface deformation data, wherein the soil surface deformation data includes at least displacement, velocity, and strain rate, and the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle is captured by the camera;

[0008] Step 2: Based on the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model, read the Revealer Motion Analysis software to generate motion data of the penetrometer half-section model, wherein the motion data of the penetrometer half-section model includes at least displacement, velocity and acceleration, and the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model is captured by the camera;

[0009] Step 3: Determine the position of the penetrometer and the shape and size of the soil coverage area of ​​the penetrometer at each moment in combination with the motion data of the half-section model of the penetrometer, draw a deformation cloud map of the soil surface, and perform secondary processing on the soil surface deformation data, wherein the deformation cloud map includes at least displacement field, velocity field and strain rate data;

[0010] Step 4 integrates the soil surface deformation cloud map into a user graphical interface.

[0011] Preferably, the step 1 comprises:

[0012] Importing the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle into the PMLAB RDIC software, creating a calculation area, and setting basic parameters for DIC calculation analysis, wherein the basic parameters include at least sub-area size, grid step size, image acquisition frame rate, and search area size;

[0013] The sub-regions within the calculation region are matched and calculated using the correlation criterion ZNSSD, and the relationship between the image pixel coordinates and the real coordinates is calibrated to generate the soil surface deformation data.

[0014] Preferably, the step 2 comprises:

[0015] In the RevealerMotionAnalysis software, the motion image of the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer is imported, tracking points are set on the penetrometer, and the relationship between the image pixel coordinates and the real coordinates is calibrated, and at least the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the tracking points are calculated as the motion data of the half-section model of the penetrometer.

[0016] Preferably, the step 3 comprises:

[0017] Reading the coordinates of the upper, lower, left, and right boundaries of the calculation area from the generated soil surface deformation data, as well as the X coordinate of the starting point of the penetrometer and the coordinates of the contact point between the tip of the penetrometer and the upper boundary of the calculation area;

[0018] determining, based on the generated penetrometer movement data, whether the movement direction is vertical penetration or oblique penetration;

[0019] reading the starting time when the tip of the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area and the time when the penetrometer stops moving, and synchronizing them with the time in the soil surface deformation data;

[0020] reading the combined velocity time history data of the penetrometer to determine a motion model of the penetrometer in the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area;

[0021] The deformation data of the calculation area and the coverage area of ​​the calculation area are cleared, and the two-dimensional grid is reconstructed and the soil deformation cloud map is drawn by interpolation.

[0022] Preferably, the motion model of the soil coverage area includes: when the penetration is vertical and the penetrometer bullet is not completely penetrated, the soil coverage area of ​​the calculation area is an isosceles triangle; when the penetration is vertical and the penetrometer bullet is completely penetrated, the soil coverage area of ​​the calculation area is an axisymmetric pentagon; when the penetration is oblique and the penetrometer bullet is not completely penetrated, the soil coverage area of ​​the calculation area is a quadrilateral; when the penetration is oblique and the penetrometer bullet is completely penetrated, the soil coverage area of ​​the calculation area is a pentagon;

[0023] Based on the suitability time-history data of the penetrometer and the starting moment when the tip of the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area, the motion displacement of the penetrometer in the calculation area at this moment is obtained by integration, and the shape of the soil coverage area at this moment is judged; combined with the coordinates of the contact point between the tip of the penetrometer and the upper boundary of the calculation area at the starting moment, the coordinates of each endpoint of the shape of the soil coverage area are calculated to determine the size of the soil coverage area.

[0024] Preferably, step 1, step 2 and step 3 are all implemented by Matlab code;

[0025] The step 4 specifically includes:

[0026] The deformation cloud map of the soil surface is integrated into a graphical user interface through the Appdesigner tool library of Matlab software, a corresponding .ui file is generated, and the .ui file is converted into Matlab code.

[0027] Preferably, the method further includes: packaging all Matlab codes of step 1, step 2, step 3 and step 4 to generate an independent EXE executable file.

[0028] To achieve the above-mentioned object, in a second aspect, the present invention relates to a cloud image processing system for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement, which is used to launch a half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer into a soil trough box along a guide rail, and penetrate the soil closely against the glass side of the soil trough box, and collect images through a camera to perform cloud image processing of the soil deformation during penetration, comprising:

[0029] a surface deformation data generation module, configured to read PMLABRDIC software and generate soil surface deformation data based on the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle, wherein the soil surface deformation data includes at least displacement, velocity, and strain rate, and the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle is captured by the camera;

[0030] a penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module, configured to read the Revealer Motion Analysis software and generate penetrometer half-section model motion data based on the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model, wherein the penetrometer half-section model motion data includes at least displacement, velocity, and acceleration, and the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model is captured by the camera;

[0031] a soil surface cloud map drawing module, for determining the position of the penetrometer and the shape and size of the soil coverage area of ​​the penetrometer at each moment in combination with the motion data of the half-section model of the penetrometer, performing secondary processing on the soil surface deformation data, and drawing a deformation cloud map of the soil surface, wherein the deformation cloud map includes at least displacement field, velocity field and strain rate data;

[0032] The integrated display module is used to integrate the deformation cloud map of the soil surface into a user graphical interface.

[0033] Preferably, the surface deformation data generating module, the penetrometer half-section model motion data generating module and the soil surface cloud map drawing module are all implemented by Matlab code;

[0034] The integrated display module is specifically used for:

[0035] Integrating the soil surface deformation cloud map into a graphical user interface through the Appdesigner tool library of Matlab software, generating a corresponding .ui file, and converting the .ui file into Matlab code;

[0036] It also includes: a code packaging module for packaging all Matlab codes of the surface deformation data generation module, the penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module, the soil surface cloud map drawing module and the integrated display module to generate an independent EXE executable file.

[0037] To achieve the above objectives, the third aspect of the present invention also relates to a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored, and when the instructions are run, the above-mentioned cloud map processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement is executed.

[0038] The present invention relates to a cloud image processing method, system, and medium for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement, which has the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art:

[0039] 1. The cloud image processing software based on the free-fall penetrometer soil deformation measurement device can perform secondary processing of large quantities of soil deformation data and generate cloud images. This effectively solves the problem of thin soil layers obscuring the penetrometer outline when the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer is inserted close to the glass surface, resulting in inaccurate DIC analysis results in the soil-covered area.

[0040] 2. By using the visual interface developed with Matlab and Appdesigner, a convenient operation method is provided, which is especially suitable for non-technical users. First, the graphical user interface (GUI) is designed through Appdesigner, the corresponding .ui file is generated, and it is converted into Matlab code to realize the interaction between the user and the program. Through the simple and intuitive interface, the user can easily input the relevant parameters of the free fall penetrometer and the soil deformation cloud map, trigger the cloud map drawing and processing operation, and interrupt the task progress at any time. Subsequently, the entire Matlab program is packaged to generate an independent EXE executable file. The user only needs to run the EXE file and can directly execute the batch processing task of the cloud map without the Matlab runtime environment. By providing a friendly visual interface and an independent EXE file, non-technical users can use complex batch processing tools without obstacles, which greatly improves the usability and ease of use of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement device for a cloud image processing method of a free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in embodiment 1 Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 2 A free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement device for a cloud image processing method of a free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in embodiment 1 Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a half-section model of a free-fall penetrometer being blocked by a thin layer of soil in a cloud map processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 4The free-fall penetrometer motion image and tracking points of the cloud image processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 5 The vertical soil penetration calculation area of ​​the free-fall penetrometer in the cloud image processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in Example 1;

[0046] Figure 6 The slope penetration soil calculation area of ​​the free-fall penetrometer in the cloud map processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 7 This is the visual interface of Example 1 in Example 1;

[0048] Figure 8 This is the software result of the cloud map processing based on the free fall penetration soil deformation measurement device in Example 1 of Example 1;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a flow chart of a cloud image processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in Example 1;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cloud image processing system for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A cloud image processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement, please refer to Figure 1-9 , used for launching the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer into the soil trough along the guide rail and penetrating into the soil close to the glass side of the soil trough, such as Figure 1-2 This is an observation device for soil deformation during the free-fall penetration test. Two cameras are used to collect the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckles and the motion image of the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer respectively. The measured soil surface deformation data and the motion data of the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer at the corresponding moment can effectively solve the problem of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model being pressed against the glass surface when penetrometer is penetrated. Figure 3 The problem shown in FIG. 1 , in which a thin layer of soil obscures the penetrometer profile and causes incorrect DIC analysis results in the soil-covered area, includes the following steps: S101 to S104 .

[0054] S101 reads PMLAB RDIC software based on the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle to generate soil surface deformation data, wherein the soil surface deformation data at least includes displacement, velocity and strain rate, and the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle is captured by a camera.

[0055] S102 reads the Revealer Motion Analysis software to generate motion data of the penetrometer half-section model based on the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model, wherein the motion data of the penetrometer half-section model includes at least displacement, velocity and acceleration, and the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model is captured by a camera.

[0056] S103 combines the motion data of the penetrometer half-section model to determine the position of the penetrometer at each moment and the shape and size of the soil coverage area of ​​the penetrometer, performs secondary processing on the soil surface deformation data, and draws a deformation cloud map of the soil surface, wherein the deformation cloud map includes at least displacement field, velocity field and strain rate data.

[0057] S104 integrates the deformation cloud map of the soil surface into the user graphical interface.

[0058] In this embodiment, S101 specifically includes: S111 and S112.

[0059] S111 imported an image of the soil surface sprayed with artificial speckle into PMLAB RDIC software, created a calculation area, and set the basic parameters for DIC calculation analysis, which included at least the sub-area size, grid step size, image acquisition frame rate, and search area size.

[0060] S112 performs matching calculation on the sub-areas within the calculation area through the correlation criterion ZNSSD, calibrates the relationship between the image pixel coordinates and the real coordinates, and generates soil surface deformation data.

[0061] In this embodiment, S102 specifically includes:

[0062] In the RevealerMotionAnalysis software, a motion image of a half-section free-fall penetrometer model is imported, tracking points are set on the penetrometer, and the relationship between the image pixel coordinates and the real coordinates is calibrated. At least the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the tracking points are calculated as the motion data of the half-section penetrometer model. Since the free-fall penetrometer moves as a rigid body, the tracking points are equivalent to the center of mass of the penetrometer.

[0063] In this embodiment, S103 specifically includes: S131 and S134.

[0064] S131 reads the coordinates of the upper, lower, left, and right boundaries of the calculation area in the generated soil surface deformation data, as well as the coordinates of the contact point between the tip of the penetrometer and the upper boundary of the calculation area (the X coordinate of the penetrometer starting point).

[0065] S132, based on the generated penetrometer movement data, determine whether the movement direction is vertical penetration or inclined penetration.

[0066] S133, reading the starting moment when the tip of the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area and the moment when the penetrometer stops moving, and synchronizing them with the time in the soil surface deformation data.

[0067] S134, reading the combined velocity time history data of the penetrometer, and determining the motion model of the penetrometer in the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area.

[0068] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the motion model of the soil cover area includes: when vertical penetration is performed and the penetrometer bullet is not fully penetrated, the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area is an isosceles triangle (such as Figure 5 b); When the penetrometer bullet is fully penetrated in vertical direction, the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area is an axisymmetric pentagon (such as Figure 5 c); When the penetration is inclined and the penetrometer bullet does not penetrate completely, the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area is changed from the triangle (such as Figure 6 b) into a quadrilateral (such as Figure 6 c); When the penetration is tilted and the penetrometer bullet is fully penetrated, the soil coverage area of ​​the calculation area is a pentagon (such as Figure 6 Based on the penetrometer's fitness time history data and the initial moment when the penetrometer's tip contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area, the penetrometer's motion displacement in the calculation area at that moment is integrated to determine the shape of the soil cover area at that moment. Combined with the coordinates of the point of contact between the penetrometer's tip and the upper boundary of the calculation area at the initial moment, the coordinates of each endpoint of the soil cover area are calculated to determine the size of the soil cover area.

[0069] S134, clearing the deformation data of the calculation area and the coverage area of ​​the calculation area, reconstructing the two-dimensional grid and interpolating to draw the soil deformation cloud map.

[0070] In this embodiment, S101 to S103 are all implemented by Matlab code. Specifically, S101 generates a txt file by Matlab code, S102 generates a txt file by Matlab code, S103 generates a png and gif file by Matlab code, and S104 specifically includes:

[0071] The soil surface deformation cloud map was integrated into the graphical user interface (GUI) using Matlab's Appdesigner tool library. The corresponding .ui file was then converted into Matlab code, enabling user interaction with the program. Through this simple and intuitive interface, users can easily input parameters for the free-fall penetrometer and soil deformation cloud map, trigger cloud map rendering operations, and interrupt task progress at any time. The entire Matlab program was then packaged into a standalone EXE executable file. Users simply need to run this EXE file to directly execute batch cloud map processing tasks without the need for a Matlab runtime environment, integrating both data processing and cloud map output.

[0072] In this embodiment, all Matlab codes from S101 to S104 can be packaged to generate an independent EXE executable file. Figure 7 By providing a friendly visual interface and independent EXE files, non-technical users can use complex batch processing tools without any obstacles, which greatly improves the usability and ease of use of the application.

[0073] In order to better illustrate the solution of the present invention, an example is given below. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the meanings of the numbers in the GUI interface are: 1-the path of the soil deformation data file and the penetrometer motion data file; 2-the moment when the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area; 3-the moment when the penetrometer stops moving; 4-the penetrometer velocity curve drawing button; 5-the horizontal coordinate of the contact point between the penetrometer and the upper boundary of the calculation area; 6-the vertical coordinate of the upper boundary of the calculation area; 7-the vertical coordinate of the lower boundary of the calculation area; 8-the horizontal coordinate of the left boundary of the calculation area; 9-the horizontal coordinate of the right boundary of the calculation area; 10-the cloud map drawing type selection button; 11-the soil surface image acquisition frame rate; 12-the soil image sequence number corresponding to the moment when the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area; 13-the soil image sequence number corresponding to the moment when the penetrometer stops moving; 14-the PNG format cloud map drawing button; 15-the GIF format cloud map generation button, which includes the following steps:

[0074] 1. Press button 1 to select the file path and read the data file;

[0075] 2. Use buttons 2-3 to set the parameters of the coverage area motion model;

[0076] 3. Press button 4 to display the penetrometer velocity time history curve visualization window;

[0077] 4. Use input boxes 6-9 and input boxes 11-13 to display the parameter settings for the soil calculation area;

[0078] 5. Use the drop-down box 10, button 14 and button 15 to control the output of the cloud map processing results.

[0079] Taking the vertical penetration of a free-fall penetrometer into the soil as an example, the software generates a velocity history curve of the penetrometer by inputting parameters in the visual interface and clicking on the curve graph. Input the coordinates and image parameters of the upper, lower, left, and right boundaries of the calculation area (cloud graph), select the cloud graph type, and click on the cloud graph to obtain the soil surface deformation cloud graph, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] A cloud image processing system for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement is used to launch a half-section model of a free-fall penetrometer into a soil trough along a guide rail and penetrate the soil close to the glass side of the soil trough. A camera is used to capture the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckles and the motion image of the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer. The measured soil surface deformation data and the motion data of the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer at the corresponding moment can effectively solve the problem that when the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer penetrates close to the glass surface, a thin layer of soil blocks the outline of the penetrometer and causes incorrect DIC analysis results in the soil coverage area. The system is implemented by electronic equipment hardware with a central processing unit and can be implemented for personal computers, smart terminals, local area networks, servers, etc. For implementation in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 10 , including a surface deformation data generating module 51 , a penetrometer half-section model motion data generating module 52 , a soil surface cloud map drawing module 53 and an integrated display module 54 .

[0082] A surface deformation data generating module 51 is configured to read PMLABRDIC software and generate soil surface deformation data based on the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle patterns, wherein the soil surface deformation data includes at least displacement, velocity, and strain rate, and the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle patterns is captured by a camera;

[0083] a penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module 52 for reading the RevealerMotionAnalysis software to generate penetrometer half-section model motion data based on the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model, wherein the penetrometer half-section model motion data includes at least displacement, velocity, and acceleration, and the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model is captured by a camera;

[0084] The soil surface cloud map drawing module 53 is used to determine the position of the penetrometer at each moment and the shape and size of the soil coverage area of ​​the penetrometer by combining the motion data of the semi-section model of the penetrometer, perform secondary processing on the soil surface deformation data, and draw a deformation cloud map of the soil surface, wherein the deformation cloud map includes at least displacement field, velocity field and strain rate data;

[0085] The integrated display module 54 is used to integrate the deformation cloud map of the soil surface into the user graphical interface.

[0086] In this embodiment, the surface deformation data generation module 51, the penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module 52 and the soil surface cloud map drawing module 53 are all implemented by Matlab code;

[0087] The integrated display module 54 is specifically used for:

[0088] The soil surface deformation cloud map was integrated into the graphical user interface using the Appdesigner tool library of Matlab software, the corresponding .ui file was generated, and the .ui file was converted into Matlab code.

[0089] It also includes: a code packaging module (not shown in the drawings), which is used to package all Matlab codes of the surface deformation data generation module 51, the penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module 52, the soil surface cloud map drawing module 53 and the integrated display module 54 to generate an independent EXE executable file.

[0090] The cloud map processing system for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement in this embodiment has the same implementation process, method and effect as the cloud map processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement described in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] The present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions. When the instructions are executed, a cloud map processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement is executed. The process method and effect of the execution of the method are the same as those of the cloud map processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement described in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0094] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cloud image processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement, characterized in that: A half-section model of a free-fall penetrometer is launched into a soil trough box along a guide rail and penetrates the soil close to the glass side of the soil trough box. Images are collected by a camera to perform cloud map processing of soil deformation during penetration. The method includes: Step 1: Based on the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle, PMLAB RDIC software is read to generate soil surface deformation data, wherein the soil surface deformation data includes at least displacement, velocity, and strain rate, and the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle is captured by the camera; Step 2: Based on the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model, read the Revealer Motion Analysis software to generate motion data of the penetrometer half-section model, wherein the motion data of the penetrometer half-section model includes at least displacement, velocity and acceleration, and the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model is captured by the camera; Step 3: Determine the position of the penetrometer and the shape and size of the soil coverage area of ​​the penetrometer at each moment in combination with the motion data of the half-section model of the penetrometer, perform secondary processing on the soil surface deformation data, and draw a deformation cloud map of the soil surface, wherein the deformation cloud map includes at least displacement field, velocity field and strain rate data; The step 3 comprises: Reading the coordinates of the upper, lower, left, and right boundaries of the calculation area from the generated soil surface deformation data, as well as the X coordinate of the starting point of the penetrometer and the coordinates of the contact point between the tip of the penetrometer and the upper boundary of the calculation area; Based on the generated penetrometer movement data, determine whether the movement direction is vertical penetration or oblique penetration; reading the starting time when the tip of the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area and the time when the penetrometer stops moving, and synchronizing them with the time in the soil surface deformation data; reading the combined velocity time history data of the penetrometer to determine a motion model of the penetrometer in the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area; Clearing deformation data of the calculation area that overlaps with the coverage area of ​​the calculation area, reconstructing a two-dimensional grid and interpolating to draw a soil deformation cloud map; Step 4 integrates the soil surface deformation cloud map into a user graphical interface.

2. The cloud image processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 1 comprises: Importing the soil surface image sprayed with artificial speckle into the PMLAB RDIC software, creating a calculation area, and setting basic parameters for DIC calculation analysis, wherein the basic parameters include at least sub-area size, grid step size, image acquisition frame rate, and search area size; The sub-regions within the calculation region are matched and calculated using the correlation criterion ZNSSD, and the relationship between the image pixel coordinates and the real coordinates is calibrated to generate the soil surface deformation data.

3. The cloud image processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 2 comprises: In the RevealerMotionAnalysis software, the motion image of the half-section model of the free-fall penetrometer is imported, tracking points are set on the penetrometer, and the relationship between the image pixel coordinates and the real coordinates is calibrated, and at least the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the tracking points are calculated as the motion data of the half-section model of the penetrometer.

4. The cloud image processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motion model of the soil cover area includes: when the penetration is vertical and the penetrometer bullet is not completely penetrated, the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area is an isosceles triangle; when the penetration is vertical and the penetrometer bullet is completely penetrated, the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area is an axisymmetric pentagon; when the penetration is oblique and the penetrometer bullet is not completely penetrated, the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area is a quadrilateral; when the penetration is oblique and the penetrometer bullet is completely penetrated, the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area is a pentagon; Based on the suitability time-history data of the penetrometer and the starting moment when the tip of the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area, the motion displacement of the penetrometer in the calculation area at this moment is obtained by integration, and the shape of the soil coverage area at this moment is judged; combined with the coordinates of the contact point between the tip of the penetrometer and the upper boundary of the calculation area at the starting moment, the coordinates of each endpoint of the shape of the soil coverage area are calculated to determine the size of the soil coverage area.

5. A cloud image processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Step 1, step 2 and step 3 are all implemented by Matlab code; The step 4 specifically includes: The deformation cloud map of the soil surface is integrated into a graphical user interface through the Appdesigner tool library of Matlab software, a corresponding .ui file is generated, and the .ui file is converted into Matlab code.

6. The cloud image processing method for free fall penetration soil deformation measurement according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: All Matlab codes of step 1, step 2, step 3 and step 4 are packaged to generate an independent EXE executable file.

7. A cloud image processing system for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement, characterized in that: The free-fall penetrometer half-section model is launched into the soil trough box along the guide rail and penetrates the soil close to the glass side of the soil trough box. The camera is used to collect images for cloud mapping of soil deformation, including: a surface deformation data generation module, configured to read PMLAB RDIC software and generate soil surface deformation data based on an image of the soil surface sprayed with artificial speckle patterns, wherein the soil surface deformation data includes at least displacement, velocity, and strain rate, and the image of the soil surface sprayed with artificial speckle patterns is captured by the camera; a penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module, configured to read the Revealer Motion Analysis software and generate penetrometer half-section model motion data based on the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model, wherein the penetrometer half-section model motion data includes at least displacement, velocity, and acceleration, and the motion image of the free-fall penetrometer half-section model is captured by the camera; a soil surface cloud map drawing module, for determining the position of the penetrometer and the shape and size of the soil coverage area of ​​the penetrometer at each moment in combination with the motion data of the half-section model of the penetrometer, performing secondary processing on the soil surface deformation data, and drawing a deformation cloud map of the soil surface, wherein the deformation cloud map includes at least displacement field, velocity field and strain rate data; Soil surface cloud map drawing module, specifically used for: Reading the coordinates of the upper, lower, left, and right boundaries of the calculation area from the generated soil surface deformation data, as well as the X coordinate of the starting point of the penetrometer and the coordinates of the contact point between the tip of the penetrometer and the upper boundary of the calculation area; Based on the generated penetrometer movement data, determine whether the movement direction is vertical penetration or oblique penetration; reading the starting time when the tip of the penetrometer contacts the upper boundary of the calculation area and the time when the penetrometer stops moving, and synchronizing them with the time in the soil surface deformation data; reading the combined velocity time history data of the penetrometer to determine a motion model of the penetrometer in the soil cover area of ​​the calculation area; Clearing deformation data of the calculation area that overlaps with the coverage area of ​​the calculation area, reconstructing a two-dimensional grid and interpolating to draw a soil deformation cloud map; The integrated display module is used to integrate the deformation cloud map of the soil surface into a user graphical interface.

8. A cloud image processing system for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface deformation data generation module, the penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module and the soil surface cloud map drawing module are all implemented by Matlab code; The integrated display module is specifically used for: Integrating the soil surface deformation cloud map into a graphical user interface through the Appdesigner tool library of Matlab software, generating a corresponding .ui file, and converting the .ui file into Matlab code; It also includes: a code packaging module for packaging all Matlab codes of the surface deformation data generation module, the penetrometer half-section model motion data generation module, the soil surface cloud map drawing module and the integrated display module to generate an independent EXE executable file.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed, execute a cloud image processing method for free-fall penetration soil deformation measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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