Anti-peeping structure and display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a peep-proof structure and a display device, the peep-proof structure comprises a peep-proof layer, the peep-proof layer comprises a first electrode group and a second electrode group which are arranged along a first direction, and an electrochromic layer located between the first electrode group and the second electrode group. Each of the first electrode group and the second electrode group comprises a first electrode and a second electrode which are arranged along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the peep-proof layer is located, and the second direction intersects with the extending direction of the first electrode and the extending direction of the second electrode. When the first electrode in the first electrode group and the first electrode in the second electrode group receive a first voltage, and the second electrode in the first electrode group and the second electrode in the second electrode group receive a second voltage, the first voltage and the second voltage are outputted. The part, close to the first electrode, of the electrochromic layer presents a first color, and the part, close to the second electrode, of the electrochromic layer presents a second color. According to the peep-proof structure, energy loss generated when the peep-proof function is started is reduced through different color changes generated in the electrochromic layer in the peep-proof structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technologies, and particularly to an anti-peeping structure and a display device. Background Art

[0002] To meet the needs of people's life and work, anti-peeping display has gradually become one of the essential functions of display devices. Currently, the anti-peeping display function of display devices on the market mainly relies on structures such as anti-peeping films and anti-peeping screens. However, due to the low transmittance of traditional anti-peeping films, the power consumption of display devices increases significantly, and the display device with an anti-peeping film cannot be switched between the anti-peeping display mode and the non-anti-peeping display mode, that is, the anti-peeping state of the display device cannot be flexibly switched. The anti-peeping screen structure usually includes a liquid crystal anti-peeping screen, and the setting of the liquid crystal anti-peeping screen often results in a relatively high overall thickness of the anti-peeping screen structure. On the other hand, the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping screen structure mainly relies on the deflection of liquid crystals. However, controlling the deflection of liquid crystals requires the anti-peeping structure to provide an electric field, which in turn increases the power consumption of the anti-peeping screen structure.

[0003] An anti-peeping structure that can achieve low-power consumption anti-peeping has become a research and development object that has received much attention currently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide an anti-peeping structure and a display device to solve the problem of large energy consumption during anti-peeping display.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an anti-peeping structure, including an anti-peeping layer. The anti-peeping layer includes: a first electrode group and a second electrode group arranged along a first direction, and an electrochromic layer located between the first electrode group and the second electrode group. Both the first electrode group and the second electrode group include a first electrode and a second electrode arranged along a second direction. Along the first direction, the projection of the first electrode in the first electrode group overlaps with the projection of the second electrode in the second electrode group, and the projection of the second electrode in the first electrode group overlaps with the projection of the first electrode in the second electrode group. The first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the anti-peeping layer is located, and the second direction intersects with the extension direction of the first electrode and the extension direction of the second electrode.

[0006] When the first electrode in the first electrode group and the first electrode in the second electrode group receive a first voltage and the second electrode in the first electrode group and the second electrode in the second electrode group receive a second voltage, the part of the electrochromic layer close to the first electrode presents a first color and the part of the electrochromic layer close to the second electrode presents a second color, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0007] The electrochromic layer in the anti-peeping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application requires a relatively small voltage when the color changes, so the anti-peeping structure has a relatively small energy consumption when the anti-peeping function is turned on.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the anti-peeping layer includes alternately arranged first regions and second regions. The first region includes a first electrode group and a second electrode group, and the second region does not include the first electrode group and the second electrode group.

[0009] The setting method in the embodiments of the present application can reduce the loss of small-angle display light generated by the anti-peeping layer to the display device, and avoid the phenomenon that the efficiency of users obtaining information is reduced when the anti-peeping function is turned on.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the second region does not include an electrochromic layer either. This setting method can reduce the process cost and preparation difficulty.

[0011] In a possible implementation, both the first region and the second region include an electrochromic layer. This setting method can eliminate the phenomenon of poor display effect caused by the deviation of the propagation direction of the display light when the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure is turned off.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the minimum width of the second region in the second direction is greater than the maximum width of the first region in the second direction. This setting method is beneficial to weakening the contrast of the bright and dark regions generated on the display screen due to the activation of the anti-peeping function, and improving the display effect.

[0013] In a possible implementation, in the same first electrode group, the maximum width between adjacent first electrodes and second electrodes in the second direction is less than or equal to 10 μm; in the same second electrode group, the maximum width between adjacent first electrodes and second electrodes in the second direction is less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0014] This setting method has the best inhibitory effect on the phenomenon of poor display effect caused by the activation of the anti-peeping function. While reducing the width of the first region in the second direction, it protects the anti-peeping ability of the anti-peeping structure from being weakened.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the width of the first electrode in the second direction is less than or equal to 20 μm, and / or the width of the second electrode in the second direction is less than or equal to 20 μm, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of users obtaining information through small-angle display light when the anti-peeping function is turned on.

[0016] In a possible implementation, along the first direction, the thickness of the electrochromic layer is greater than or equal to 50 μm. Under this setting method, the electrochromic layer has a good absorption effect on large-angle display light, and the anti-peeping efficiency of the anti-peeping structure is relatively high.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the electrochromic layer is solid-state, or the electrochromic layer is semi-solid. The structure of the solid-state electrochromic material is relatively stable, with characteristics such as high reversibility of color change and strong weather resistance. The semi-solid electrochromic material has a relatively fast response speed to changes in the electric field.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the electrochromic layer includes a mixed oxidation color-changing material and a reduction color-changing material. Mixing the oxidation color-changing material and the reduction color-changing material can prepare an electrochromic layer including an integrated film layer structure, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the anti-peeping layer and realizing the thin design of the anti-peeping structure.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the electrochromic layer includes an oxidation color-changing layer and a reduction color-changing layer. Among the oxidation color-changing layer and the reduction color-changing layer located between the first electrode group and the second electrode group, the oxidation color-changing layer is located on the side of the reduction color-changing layer close to the first electrode, and the reduction color-changing layer is located on the side of the oxidation color-changing layer close to the second electrode.

[0020] By setting the oxidation color-changing layer close to the second electrode and the reduction color-changing layer close to the first electrode, the movement of charged particles generated by the reduction color-changing material in the reduction color-changing layer to the oxidation color-changing layer is accelerated, which promotes the process of color change in the oxidation color-changing layer and the reduction color-changing layer, and improves the efficiency of turning on the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the first voltage V1 satisfies: 1V ≤ V1 ≤ 3.5V, and / or, the second voltage V2 satisfies: -2V ≤ V2 ≤ -0.5V. When the first voltage V1 and the second voltage V2 satisfy this relationship, the electric field in the relative area between the first electrode and the second electrode has a better promoting effect on the color change process in the electrochromic layer.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the first color and the second color are complementary colors. This setting can enable the electrochromic layer EC to completely absorb the large-angle display light, enhancing the anti-peeping ability of the anti-peeping structure.

[0023] In a possible implementation, among the first color and the second color, one is yellow-green and the other is blue-violet.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the anti-peeping structure further includes a display component. The display component includes a light-emitting source layer. The anti-peeping layer is located on the side of the light-emitting source layer facing the light-emitting surface of the anti-peeping structure. This setting can enhance the anti-peeping effect of the anti-peeping structure.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a display device, including the anti-peeping structure provided in the first aspect.

[0026] The anti-peeping structure provided by the embodiments of the present application can absorb light at large angles through the color change occurring in the electrochromic layer. The voltage required for the color change to occur in the electrochromic layer is small, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the display device including or applying this anti-peeping structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a display device related to the present application;

[0029] Figure 2a Cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping screen structure related to the present application;

[0030] Figure 2b Cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping screen structure related to the present application;

[0031] Figure 3a Cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping screen structure related to the present application;

[0032] Figure 3b Cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping screen structure related to the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 For Figure 4 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anti-peeping structure shown along the AA' direction;

[0035] Figure 6 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 Top view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application;

[0037] Figure 8 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application;

[0038] Figure 9 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application;

[0039] Figure 10Top view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0040] Figure 11 Top view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0041] Figure 12 Bottom view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0042] Figure 13 Bottom view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0043] Figure 14 Schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0044] Figure 15 Schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0045] Figure 16 Schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0046] Figure 17 Schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0047] Figure 18 Schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0048] Figure 19 Schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application;

[0049] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of a display device provided by this application. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] To better understand the technical solutions of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used herein is only a relationship describing associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this text generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0052] With the development of display technology, electronic devices with display screens such as mobile phones and computers have gradually become inseparable from people's work and life. The above-mentioned electronic devices can be used to display various information saved by people. When people use the above-mentioned electronic devices for display, the information displayed is easily obtained by people other than the user. For example, when a user uses a mobile phone to obtain information, if the display screen of the mobile phone has a large viewing range during display, an observer at a large viewing angle can also obtain the information, and the information is easily obtained by an observer other than the user, resulting in information leakage. To avoid the above-mentioned information leakage, people have begun to add an anti-peeping function to electronic devices with display screens.

[0053] People usually achieve the anti-peeping effect by reducing the light emitted from the display screen at a large viewing angle. When the light at a large viewing angle decreases, the probability of people obtaining the information displayed by the electronic device at a large viewing angle decreases. In the prior art, an anti-peeping film can be attached to the surface of the display screen included in the electronic device. The anti-peeping film can filter out light at large angles, reducing the probability of an observer other than the user obtaining the information displayed by the electronic device and realizing the anti-peeping function of the electronic device.

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a display device related to the present application.

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, the existing display device 20' includes a display screen 10' and an anti-peeping film 01. The anti-peeping film 01 can be attached to the surface on the light-emitting surface side of the display screen 10'. The working principle of the anti-peeping film 01 can be: an anti-peeping layer made by using a fine optical louver technology is added to the anti-peeping film 01 to reduce the probability of the display light emitting at a large angle. The anti-peeping layer usually uses particulate matter arranged in a line shape to form a structure similar to a louver. However, this process often causes uneven parts on the surface of the display screen 10'. When the user performs a touch operation on the existing display device 20', these uneven parts will make the user feel an obvious sense of granularity, affecting the touch experience. On the other hand, the anti-peeping layer in the anti-peeping film 01 will increase the loss of the display light during the emission process, reducing the emission efficiency of the display light and resulting in a decrease in the brightness of the display screen 10'. To ensure a good display effect, the user usually chooses to increase the display brightness of the existing display device 20', which leads to an increase in the energy consumption during the display process of the existing display device 20'.

[0056] In addition, the thickness of the existing anti-peeping film 01 is often relatively large. This feature will increase the overall thickness of the existing display device 20' equipped with such an anti-peeping film 01, which is not conducive to the overall thinness of the existing display device 20'. On the other hand, the existing anti-peeping film 01 is usually attached to the surface of the display screen and is easily scratched and damaged. Therefore, the service life of the anti-peeping film structure 01 is usually short.

[0057] In addition to the above problems, during the display process, the existing display device 20' with the anti-peep film 01 attached cannot achieve the active anti-peep function, that is, the existing display device 20' cannot switch between the anti-peep display state and the non-anti-peep display state, making it difficult to meet the usage requirements of users.

[0058] Figure 2a FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peep screen structure related to the present application. Figure 2b FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peep screen structure related to the present application. Figure 3a FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peep screen structure related to the present application. Figure 3b FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peep screen structure related to the present application.

[0059] To achieve the active anti-peep function of the display device, that is, the anti-peep display state and the non-anti-peep display state can be switched, technicians usually adopt a liquid crystal anti-peep screen structure to replace the anti-peep film.

[0060] Figure 2a 、 Figure 2b 、 Figure 3a and Figure 3b The anti-peep screens 02 shown all include liquid crystals. In particular, Figure 3a and Figure 3b The liquid crystal included in the anti-peep screen 02 shown is polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The anti-peep screen 02 including polymer dispersed liquid crystal has high flexibility and good shape adaptability.

[0061] As shown in Figure 2a 、 Figure 2b 、 Figure 3a and Figure 3b The anti-peep screen 02 includes a control electrode 21 and a liquid crystal layer 22. The control electrode 21 includes an anode and a cathode, which are oppositely arranged, and the liquid crystal layer 22 is located between the anode and the cathode. An electric field can be generated between the anode and the cathode, and this electric field can control the deflection of the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer 22. During the process of display light passing through the anti-peep screen 02, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 22 can change the propagation path of the display light. When the deflection direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 22 changes, the propagation path of the display light passing through the liquid crystal molecules changes accordingly. Therefore, the existing display device 20' can control the emission angle of the display light exiting the anti-peep screen 02 by adjusting the electric field between the anode and the cathode.

[0062] Combined with Figure 2a and Figure 3a, when the control electrode 21 is energized, an electric field is generated between the cathode and the anode, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 22 are deflected. At this time, the incident angle of the display light when entering the liquid crystal layer 22 is the same as the exit angle when exiting the liquid crystal layer 22, and the display light exits the anti-peeping screen 02 at a relatively small exit angle, and the existing display device 20' is in the anti-peeping display state.

[0063] Combined with Figure 2b and Figure 3b , when the control electrode 21 is not energized, no electric field is generated between the cathode and the anode, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 22 are not deflected. At this time, compared with the incident direction when entering the liquid crystal layer 22, the exit direction of the display light when exiting the liquid crystal layer 22 changes, and the display light exits the anti-peeping screen 02 at multiple angles, and the existing display device 20' is in the non-anti-peeping display state.

[0064] The setting of the anti-peeping screen structure 02 enables the existing display device 20' to switch between the anti-peeping display state and the non-anti-peeping display state, meeting the usage requirements of the existing display device 20' in various scenarios.

[0065] However, the liquid crystal molecules in the anti-peeping screen 02 will consume the light intensity of the display light passing through the liquid crystal molecules. To prevent the display brightness from decreasing, the existing display device 20' often increases the voltage output required for display during the display process, resulting in higher energy consumption and being unfavorable for long-term display. On the other hand, the anti-peeping screen 02 including liquid crystal is often relatively thick, which is not conducive to the thin design of the existing display device 20'.

[0066] Therefore, an anti-peeping structure that meets the characteristics of low power consumption, small thickness, and controllable anti-peeping state has become one of the current key research and development objects.

[0067] To solve the above problems, the present application provides an anti-peeping structure, which can be an anti-peeping film for laminating with a display panel to form a display screen with an anti-peeping effect; the anti-peeping structure can also be a display screen integrated with an anti-peeping function.

[0068] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0069] As Figure 4 shown, the anti-peeping structure includes an anti-peeping layer 10. The anti-peeping layer 10 includes a first electrode group Ea and a second electrode group Eb arranged along the first direction Y. Both the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb include a first electrode E1 and a second electrode E2 arranged along the second direction X. Among them, both the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 can be strip electrodes, and the length direction of the strip electrode is its extending direction. The first direction Y is perpendicular to the plane where the anti-peeping layer 10 is located. The second direction X intersects with the extending direction of the first electrode E1 and the extending direction of the second electrode E2. For example, asFigure 4 As shown, the second direction X can be perpendicular to the extending direction of the first electrode E1 and perpendicular to the extending direction of the second electrode E2.

[0070] Among them, the first electrode group Ea can include at least one first electrode E1 and at least one second electrode E2. For example, as Figure 4 shown, the first electrode group Ea includes one first electrode E1 and one second electrode E2; in addition, the first electrode group Ea can include multiple first electrodes E1 and / or multiple second electrodes E2. The second electrode group Eb can include at least one first electrode E1 and at least one second electrode E2. For example, as Figure 4 shown, the second electrode group Ea includes one first electrode E1 and one second electrode E2; in addition, the second electrode group Eb can include multiple first electrodes E1 and / or multiple second electrodes E2.

[0071] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-peeping structure shown along the AA' direction.

[0072] Combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 , along the first direction Y, the projection of the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea overlaps with the projection of the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb, and the projection of the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea overlaps with the projection of the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb. It should be noted that the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea and the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb can receive the same voltage, and the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb can receive the same voltage.

[0073] When the voltage magnitude received by the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea is different from the voltage magnitude received by the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb, an electric field can be generated in the relative area between the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb. When the voltage magnitude received by the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea is different from the voltage magnitude received by the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb, an electric field can be generated in the relative area between the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea and the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb. Then, in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb that overlap along the first direction Y, an electric field with different electric field directions will be generated in the area between the two, that is, the electric field direction between the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb is opposite to the electric field direction between the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb and the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea.

[0074] In the same first electrode group Ea, there is electrical insulation between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2; in the same second electrode group Eb, there is also electrical insulation between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2. Having electrical insulation between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the same first electrode group Ea or the same second electrode group Eb can reduce the risk of forming leakage current between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, thus avoiding causing malfunctions.

[0075] Combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the anti-peeping layer 10 further includes an electrochromic layer EC located between the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb. The electrochromic layer EC may include an electrochromic material, which can be in a transparent state in its initial state. The initial state of the electrochromic material refers to the state when the electrochromic material is not affected by an electric field. Among them, the transmittance of the electrochromic material in its initial state is greater than or equal to 65%, and optionally, the transmittance of the electrochromic material is 75% or 99%.

[0076] When the electrochromic layer EC is in an electric field, some of the electrochromic materials included in the electrochromic layer EC can undergo oxidation reactions and some can undergo reduction reactions. When the oxidized electrochromic material undergoes an oxidation reaction, its chemical structure changes and its light absorption ability for different wavelengths changes. When the reduced electrochromic material undergoes a reduction reaction, its chemical structure changes and its light absorption ability for different wavelengths also changes. Therefore, the color presented by the oxidized electrochromic material changes after the oxidation reaction and the color presented by the reduced electrochromic material changes after the reduction reaction.

[0077] When the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea and the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb receive a first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb receive a second voltage V2, the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the first electrode E1 presents a first color and the part of the electrochromic layer close to the second electrode E2 presents a second color. The first voltage V1 is greater than the second voltage V2, and the first color is different from the second color.

[0078] Combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5When the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, the direction of the electric field where the electrochromic layer EC is located is from the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2. Under the action of the above electric field, the oxidation electrochromic material contained in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the first electrode E1 is prone to oxidation reaction, while the reduction electrochromic material contained in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the second electrode E2 is prone to reduction reaction. Since the color presented by the oxidation electrochromic material after the oxidation reaction may be different from the color presented by the reduction electrochromic material after the reduction reaction, the first color and the second color may be different.

[0079] When the first voltage V1 is greater than the second voltage V2, an electric field is generated between the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb, and an electric field is generated between the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea and the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb, and the direction of the electric field is from the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2. Then an electric field from the first electrode group Ea to the second electrode group Eb is generated between the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb, and an electric field from the second electrode group Eb to the first electrode group Ea is generated between the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea and the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb. Then in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the first electrode group Ea, the area adjacent to the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea presents the first color and the area adjacent to the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea presents the second color; in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the second electrode group Eb, the area adjacent to the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb presents the second color and the area adjacent to the first electrode E1 in the second electrode group Eb presents the first color.

[0080] Combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the part of the electrochromic layer EC presenting the first color is the first part C1, and the part of the electrochromic layer EC presenting the second color is the second part C2. Then between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 overlapping along the first direction Y, there are the first part C1 and the second part C2. And in the area between the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb overlapping along the first direction Y, the projections of the first part C1 and the second part C2 along the first direction Y overlap and the projections of the first part C1 and the second part C2 along the second direction X overlap.

[0081] When the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, for the large-angle light incident on the electrochromic layer EC, when the light is incident on the region between the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb, the light of the same color as the first color included in the light can be absorbed by the first part C1; the light of the same color as the second color included in the light can be absorbed by the second part C2. As a result, the transmittance of the light incident on the electrochromic layer EC at a large angle in the electrochromic layer EC is reduced, and thus a display device including or applying an anti-peeping structure can better achieve the anti-peeping function. In addition, when the electrochromic layer EC changes color, an electric field is required to move the charged particles (such as electrons) generated by the electrochromic material. Since the charged particles can be particles with a small charge amount, the electric field strength required for the electrochromic layer EC to change color is small, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure.

[0082] In the prior art, as Figure 2a shown, the liquid crystal layer 22 in the anti-peeping screen 02 is filled with liquid crystal molecules. To achieve anti-peeping by liquid crystal deflection, a large number of liquid crystal molecules need to be filled in the liquid crystal layer 22 to improve the deflection effect of the liquid crystal layer 22 on light, resulting in a relatively large thickness of the anti-peeping screen 02. However, the anti-peeping structure provided by the present application can be a thin film prepared from an electrochromic material. Since the thickness of the thin film is usually smaller than that of the liquid crystal layer, compared with Figure 2a the anti-peeping screen 02 shown, the thickness of the anti-peeping structure provided by the present application is smaller, which is beneficial to the thinning of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure. On the other hand, in the prior art, the electric field in the anti-peeping screen needs to deflect the liquid crystal, so the electric field strength required when the anti-peeping function is turned on is usually large; however, the electric field in the anti-peeping structure in the embodiments of the present application only needs to move the charged particles in the electrochromic material, and the strength of this electric field is small. Therefore, compared with the electric field for deflecting the liquid crystal, the strength of the electric field in the anti-peeping structure in the embodiments of the present application is smaller, and the voltage required for the electrochromic material in the electrochromic layer EC to change color is smaller. Then, the voltage that needs to be provided when the anti-peeping function of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure is turned on is smaller, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure; in addition, when the anti-peeping function is turned off, the electrochromic material in the electrochromic layer EC can be a uniformly distributed transparent medium. Compared with the loss of light caused by liquid crystal molecules to the passing light, the loss of light generated by the electrochromic layer EC to the passing light is lower, which helps to improve the display brightness.

[0083] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0084] As Figure 6As shown, when the anti-peeping function is turned on and the user observes the display screen at a relatively small viewing angle, the part of the electrochromic layer EC where color change occurs does not interfere with the user's acquisition of the light generated by the display device; when the anti-peeping function is turned on and the user observes the display screen at a relatively large viewing angle, the part of the electrochromic layer EC where color change occurs absorbs light at large angles, hindering the user's acquisition of the light generated by the display device, thus achieving anti-peeping at large angles.

[0085] In a possible implementation, the anti-peeping structure may include substrates such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene film (PS), polyethylene film (PE), and transparent polyimide film (CPI). The above substrates can respectively serve as the base materials for carrying the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2.

[0086] In a possible implementation, the process of color change in the electrochromic layer EC is a reversible process.

[0087] For example, when the electrochromic layer EC is not affected by an electric field (i.e., when the electrochromic material in the electrochromic layer EC is in an initial state), the electrochromic layer EC can be transparent. When the first electrode E1 changes from receiving the first voltage V1 to receiving the second voltage V2 and the second electrode E2 changes from receiving the second voltage V2 to receiving the first voltage V1, the direction of the electric field in the area where the electrochromic layer EC is located is reversed. The part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the first electrode E1 can change from presenting the first color to becoming transparent again, and the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the second electrode E2 can change from presenting the second color to becoming transparent again. It should be noted that for the electrochromic layer EC to change from the state of superimposing the first color and the second color to becoming transparent, the first electrode E1 can change from receiving the first voltage V1 to receiving the second voltage V2, or the first electrode E1 can change from receiving the first voltage V1 to receiving other voltages; the second electrode E2 can change from receiving the second voltage V2 to receiving the first voltage V1, or the second electrode E2 can change from receiving the second voltage V2 to receiving other voltages.

[0088] Therefore, when the process of color change in the electrochromic layer EC is a reversible process, the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure can be switched between the on state and the off state by changing the electric field state between the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb, which is beneficial to realizing the active anti-peeping function of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure.

[0089] In a possible implementation, in combination with Figure 4 and Figure 5, on one side of the electrochromic layer EC where the first electrode group Ea is provided, among the plurality of first electrodes E1 and the second electrode E2, the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are alternately arranged along the second direction X. Since along the first direction Y, the projections of the first electrode E1 in the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb overlap, among the plurality of first electrodes E1 and the second electrode E2 on the side of the electrochromic layer EC where the second electrode group Eb is provided, the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are also alternately arranged along the second direction X.

[0090] Then as Figure 5 shown, in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the first electrode group Ea, the first part C1 presenting the first color and the second part C2 presenting the second color are alternately arranged along the second direction X; in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the second electrode group Eb, the first part C1 presenting the first color and the second part C2 presenting the second color are alternately arranged along the second direction X. During the process that the large-angle light L passes through the electrochromic layer EC, the probability that the propagation direction of the large-angle light L passes through the second part C2 and then through the first part C1 increases, so the loss generated when the large-angle light L passes through the electrochromic layer EC increases, which is beneficial to improving the anti-peeping ability of the anti-peeping structure.

[0091] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0092] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 7 shown, along the direction perpendicular to the plane where the anti-peeping layer 10 is located, the contour of the projection of the plurality of first electrode groups Ea is a zigzag shape.

[0093] For example, the first electrodes E1 in the plurality of first electrode groups Ea are connected end to end, and the second electrodes E2 in the plurality of first electrode groups Ea are connected end to end. The contour of the orthographic projection of the structure formed by the first electrodes E1 connected end to end and the contour of the orthographic projection of the structure formed by the second electrodes E2 connected end to end form a zigzag shape.

[0094] When the contour of the projection of the plurality of first electrode groups Ea is a zigzag shape, the anti-peeping structure including the above-mentioned first electrode group Ea can achieve a four-way anti-peeping effect.

[0095] In addition, along the direction perpendicular to the plane where the anti-peeping layer 10 is located, the contour of the projection of the plurality of first electrode groups Ea can also be at least one of a circle or a polygon such as a triangle.

[0096] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0097] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 8As shown, the anti-peeping layer 10 includes a first region A1 and a second region A2 which are alternately arranged. The first region A1 includes a first electrode group Ea and a second electrode group Eb, and the second region A2 does not include the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb.

[0098] The first region A1 and the second region A2 are alternately arranged along the first direction X. Along a direction Y perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the first region A1 overlaps with the orthographic projections of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, and the orthographic projection of the second region A2 does not overlap with any one of the orthographic projections of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2. When the first electrode E1 receives a first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives a second voltage V2, a first part C1 presenting a first color and a second part C2 presenting a second color are both located in the first region A1, and the electrochromic layer EC in the second region A2 does not include a part that undergoes a color change, that is, the electrochromic layer EC in the second region A2 presents a transparent state.

[0099] When the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, the light transmittance of the first region A1 in the anti-peeping layer 10 is significantly reduced to achieve anti-peeping, and the light transmittance of the second region A2 can remain unchanged or basically unchanged so that the user can receive small-angle light emitted by the display device.

[0100] In a possible implementation, as Figure 8 shown, both the first region A1 and the second region A2 include an electrochromic layer EC.

[0101] Since the second region A2 does not include the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, even when the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure is turned on, the electrochromic layer EC in the second region A2 can be in a transparent state; when the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure is turned off, the electrochromic layer EC in the first region A1 returns to a transparent state.

[0102] When both the first region A1 and the second region A2 include an electrochromic layer EC and the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure is turned off, the refractive index of the region between the film layer where the first electrode group Ea is located and the film layer where the second electrode group Eb is located is the refractive index of the electrochromic layer EC in the initial state, avoiding energy loss and change in the propagation direction when light propagates through media with different refractive indices in the electrochromic layer, thereby ensuring the display effect of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure.

[0103] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0104] In a possible implementation, as Figure 9 shown, the second region A2 also does not include an electrochromic layer EC.

[0105] Along the first direction Y, the orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer EC does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second region A2, and the electrochromic layer EC is not provided in the second region A2 of the anti-peeping layer 10. Since the second region A2 does not include the electrochromic layer EC, the loss of light propagation incident on the second region A2 can be correspondingly reduced, improving the display brightness of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure. On the other hand, not providing the electrochromic layer EC in the second region A2 reduces the use of electrochromic materials and lowers the manufacturing cost of the anti-peeping structure.

[0106] Figure 10 It is a top view schematic diagram of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application. Figure 11 It is a top view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0107] In a possible implementation, the minimum width of the second region A2 along the second direction X is greater than the maximum width of the first region A1 along the second direction X.

[0108] As Figure 10 shown, the anti-peeping layer 10 includes a first region A1 and a second region A2. When the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the first region A1 are both strip-shaped electrodes with regular shapes, along the extension direction parallel to the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, the width of the first region A1 along the second direction X remains unchanged, and the width of the second region A2 along the second direction X also remains unchanged. Among them, the maximum width of the first region A1 along the second direction X is L1, and the minimum width of the second region A2 along the second direction X is L2, and L1 is less than L2.

[0109] As Figure 11 shown, the anti-peeping layer 10 includes a first region A1 and a second region A2. When the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the first region A1 are both strip-shaped electrodes with irregular shapes, along the extension direction parallel to the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, the width of the first region A1 along the second direction X changes, and the width of the second region A2 along the second direction X also changes. Among them, the maximum width of the first region A1 along the second direction X is L1, and the minimum width of the second region A2 along the second direction X is L2, and L1 is less than L2.

[0110] When L1 is less than L2, along the direction perpendicular to the plane where the anti-peeping layer 10 is located, the orthographic projection area of the first region A1 is smaller than the orthographic projection area of the second region A2. Therefore, when the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure is turned on, the area of the light-transmitting region (the second region A2) on the electrochromic layer EC is larger, ensuring that the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure has a larger display brightness.

[0111] In a possible implementation, in the same first electrode group Ea, the maximum width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 adjacent along the second direction X is less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0112] Combined with Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the same first electrode group Ea includes the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 that are adjacent and arranged along the second direction X.

[0113] As Figure 10 shown, both the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are strip electrodes with regular shapes. Along the extension direction parallel to the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, the width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 can remain unchanged. At this time, along the second direction X, the maximum width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is La, and La is less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0114] As Figure 11 shown, both the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are strip electrodes with irregular shapes. Along the extension direction parallel to the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, the width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 varies. At this time, along the second direction X, the maximum width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is La, and La is less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0115] When La is less than or equal to 10 μm, the width of the first electrode group Ea along the second direction X can be made smaller, which is beneficial to reducing the maximum width of the first region A1 along the second direction X, thereby increasing the light-transmitting area on the electrochromic layer EC and improving the display brightness; at the same time, when La is less than or equal to 10 μm, the probability of light passing through the region between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea is small, and the light leakage phenomenon between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the first electrode group Ea can be weakened. Figure 12 is a bottom view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application, Figure 13 is a bottom view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0116] In a possible implementation, in the same second electrode group Eb, the maximum width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 adjacent along the second direction X is less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0117] Combined with Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the same second electrode group Eb includes the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 that are adjacent and arranged along the second direction X.

[0118] As Figure 12As shown, the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are both strip electrodes with regular shapes. Along the extension direction parallel to the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, the width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 can remain unchanged. At this time, along the second direction X, the maximum width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is Lb, and Lb is less than or equal to 10 um.

[0119] As Figure 13 shown, the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are both strip electrodes with irregular shapes. Along the extension direction parallel to the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, the width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 varies. At this time, along the second direction X, the maximum width between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is Lb, and Lb is less than or equal to 10 um.

[0120] When Lb is less than or equal to 10 μm, the width of the second electrode group Eb along the second direction X can be made smaller, which is beneficial to reducing the maximum width of the first region A1 along the second direction X, thereby increasing the light-transmitting area of the electrochromic layer EC and improving the display brightness. At the same time, when Lb is less than or equal to 10 μm, the probability of light passing through the region between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb is small, and the light leakage phenomenon in the region between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the second electrode group Eb can be weakened.

[0121] In a possible implementation, in the same first electrode group Ea, the maximum width between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is less than or equal to 10 μm, and in the same second electrode group Eb, the maximum width between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0122] Combined with Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 In the same first electrode group Ea, the maximum width between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is La, La ≤ 10 um; in the same second electrode group Eb, the maximum width between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is Lb, Lb ≤ 10 um, where La can be equal to Lb.

[0123] Along the second direction X, when the maximum width between the adjacent first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the same electrode group is less than or equal to 10 um, the width of the first region A1 is smaller, and the light-transmitting area of the electrochromic layer EC is larger. At this time, the display brightness of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure is higher, and the display effect is better. At the same time, the light leakage phenomenon in some regions of the first region A1 is weaker.

[0124] Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided for this application.

[0125] In a possible implementation, the width of the first electrode E1 along the second direction X is less than or equal to 20 μm.

[0126] As Figure 14 shown, the width of the first electrode E1 along the second direction X is Lc, and Lc is less than or equal to 20 μm. When La ≤ 20 μm, the width of the first part C1 in the electrochromic layer EC along the second direction X can also be less than or equal to 20 μm. Then, the probability of small-angle light entering the first part C1 in the electrochromic layer EC is relatively low, thereby reducing the loss of the small-angle light in the electrochromic layer EC and ensuring that the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure has a relatively large display brightness.

[0127] In a possible implementation, the width of the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is less than or equal to 20 μm.

[0128] As Figure 14 shown, the width of the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is Ld, and Ld is less than or equal to 20 μm. When La ≤ 20 μm, the width of the first part C1 in the electrochromic layer EC along the second direction X can also be less than or equal to 20 μm. Then, the probability of small-angle light entering the second part C2 in the electrochromic layer EC is relatively low, thereby reducing the loss of the small-angle light in the electrochromic layer EC and ensuring that the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure has a relatively large display brightness.

[0129] In a possible implementation, the width of the first electrode E1 along the second direction X is less than or equal to 20 μm, and moreover, the width of the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is less than or equal to 20 μm.

[0130] As Figure 14 shown, the width of the first electrode E1 along the second direction X is Lc, and the width of the second electrode E2 along the second direction X is Ld, where both Lc and Ld are less than or equal to 20 μm, and Lc can be equal to Ld. When the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, since Lc ≤ 20 μm and Ld ≤ 20 μm, the width of the first part C1 along the second direction X and the width of the second part C2 along the second direction X can both be less than or equal to 20 μm. At this time, the probability of small-angle light entering the first part C1 and the second part C2 in the electrochromic layer EC is relatively low, and it can be ensured that the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure has a relatively large display brightness.

[0131] In a possible implementation, along the first direction Y, the thickness of the electrochromic layer EC is greater than or equal to 50 μm. When the width of the first region A1 along the second direction X is determined, the greater the thickness of the electrochromic layer EC, the greater the viewing angle range that the anti-peeping structure 10 can achieve, that is, the observer can see the display screen within a smaller viewing angle range and cannot see the display screen within a larger viewing angle range. Among them, on the premise that the existing process level ensures that the widths of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 and the distance between the two are small, when the thickness of the electrochromic layer EC is greater than or equal to 50 μm, the viewing angle range of anti-peeping can meet the requirements. Or rather, on the premise that the viewing angle of anti-peeping can be achieved to meet the requirements, the process difficulty requirements for preparing the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are not too high.

[0132] In a possible implementation, the width of the first region C1 in the electrochromic layer EC along the second direction X is W, and h / W≥1. For example, h / W can be equal to 2.

[0133] In a possible implementation, the electrochromic layer EC is solid.

[0134] In the embodiment of the present application, if the electrochromic layer EC is solid, the electrochromic material included in the electrochromic layer EC can also be solid. The structure of the solid electrochromic material is relatively stable, and it has characteristics such as high reversibility of color change and strong weather resistance. The anti-peeping structure including the solid electrochromic material is suitable for situations where long-term anti-peeping is required.

[0135] When the electrochromic layer EC is solid, the light transmittance range of the electrochromic layer EC can be 10%-75%, that is, the light transmittance of the electrochromic layer EC before and after color change can be switched between two values within the range of 10%-75%. For example, it can be switched between 10% and 75%; for example, it can be switched between 15% and 70%.

[0136] In a possible implementation, the electrochromic layer EC is semi-solid.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, if the electrochromic layer EC is semi-solid, the electrochromic material included in the electrochromic layer EC can also be semi-solid. The semi-solid electrochromic material has a relatively fast response speed to the change of the electric field. For example, when the direction of the electric field generated between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 changes, the electrochromic layer EC including the semi-solid electrochromic material can quickly respond to the change of the electric field direction, improving the flexibility of the switching of the anti-peeping state of the anti-peeping structure.

[0138] When the electrochromic layer EC is semi-solid, the light transmittance range of the electrochromic layer EC can be 20%-65%, that is, the light transmittance of the electrochromic layer EC before and after color change can be switched between two values within the range of 20%-65%. For example, it can be switched between 20% and 65%; for example, it can be switched between 25% and 60%.

[0139] In a possible implementation, the electrochromic layer EC includes a mixed oxidation color-changing material and a reduction color-changing material.

[0140] The oxidation color-changing material included in the electrochromic layer EC is easily affected by an electric field and undergoes an oxidation reaction. When the oxidation color-changing material undergoes an oxidation reaction, the color presented by the oxidation color-changing material changes. For example, when the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, the oxidation color-changing material included in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the first electrode E1 undergoes an oxidation reaction and presents a first color.

[0141] The reduction color-changing material included in the electrochromic layer EC is easily affected by an electric field and undergoes a reduction reaction. When the reduction color-changing material undergoes a reduction reaction, the color presented by the reduction color-changing material changes. For example, when the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, the reduction color-changing material included in the part of the electrochromic layer EC close to the second electrode E2 undergoes a reduction reaction and presents a second color.

[0142] Mixing the oxidation color-changing material and the reduction color-changing material can prepare an electrochromic layer EC including an integrated film layer structure, with a simple process and easy implementation.

[0143] Figure 15 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by this application.

[0144] In a possible implementation, as Figure 15 shown, the electrochromic layer EC includes an oxidation color-changing layer f1 and a reduction color-changing layer f2. Among the oxidation color-changing layer f1 and the reduction color-changing layer f2 located between the first electrode group Ea and the second electrode group Eb, the oxidation color-changing layer f1 is located on the side of the reduction color-changing layer f2 close to the first electrode E1, and the reduction color-changing layer f2 is located on the side of the oxidation color-changing layer f1 close to the second electrode E2.

[0145] The first electrode group Ea includes a first electrode E1 located in the first sub-region A11 and a second electrode E2 located in the second sub-region A12. The second electrode group Eb includes a second electrode E2 located in the first sub-region A11 and a first electrode E1 located in the second sub-region A12.

[0146] When the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, the oxidation-discoloring material in the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 located in the first sub-region A11 and the second sub-region A12 can undergo an oxidation reaction, and the reduction-discoloring material in the reduction-discoloring layer f2 located in the first sub-region A11 and the second sub-region A12 can undergo a reduction reaction.

[0147] When the reduction-discoloring material in the reduction-discoloring layer f2 undergoes a reduction reaction, it can produce a color change and can generate charged particles (such as electrons). The charged particles can move to the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 under the action of an electric field and can be used to participate in the oxidation reaction of the oxidation-discoloring material in the oxidation-discoloring layer f1. When the oxidation-discoloring material in the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 undergoes an oxidation reaction, it can produce a color change. The color change that occurs in the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 and the color change that occurs in the reduction-discoloring layer f2 can both achieve the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure.

[0148] In the embodiments of the present application, by arranging the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 close to the first electrode E1 and the reduction-discoloring layer f2 close to the second electrode E2, the movement of the charged particles generated by the reduction-discoloring material in the reduction-discoloring layer f2 to the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 is accelerated, the process of color change in the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 and the process of color change in the reduction-discoloring layer f2 are accelerated, and the efficiency of turning on the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure is improved.

[0149] The oxidation-discoloring material included in the oxidation-discoloring layer f1 can be tungsten trioxide, and the reduction-discoloring material included in the reduction-discoloring layer f2 can be at least one of viologens and their derivatives, tetrathiafulvalene, etc.

[0150] In a possible implementation manner, the first voltage V1 satisfies: 1V ≤ V1 ≤ 3.5V.

[0151] Since the first voltage V1 is greater than the second voltage V2, the electric field direction between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is from the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2. At this time, the first voltage V1 received by the first electrode E1 can be a positive voltage. When V1 takes the minimum value of 1V, the voltage of the first electrode E1 can attract charged particles (such as electrons) to cause the oxidation-discoloring material close to the first electrode E1 to change color; when V1 takes the maximum value of 3.5V, the risk of leakage current between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 arranged adjacent to each other along the second direction X is relatively low.

[0152] In a possible implementation manner, the second voltage V2 satisfies: -2V ≤ V2 ≤ -0.5V.

[0153] Since the first voltage V1 is greater than the second voltage V2, the direction of the electric field between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is from the first electrode E1 to the second electrode E2. At this time, the second voltage V2 received by the second electrode E2 can be a negative voltage. When V2 takes the minimum value of -0.5V, the voltage of the second electrode E2 can repel charged particles (such as electrons), causing the reduction discoloration material near the second electrode E2 to change color; when V2 takes the maximum value of -2V, the risk of leakage current between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 arranged adjacent to each other along the second direction X is relatively low.

[0154] In a possible implementation, the first voltage V1 satisfies 1V ≤ V1 ≤ 3.5V and the second voltage V2 satisfies -2V ≤ V2 ≤ -0.5V.

[0155] In the embodiments of the present application, when the voltage difference between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is greater than or equal to 1.5V, the promoting effect of the electric field in the relative area between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 on the color change process in the electrochromic layer EC is better. When the maximum voltage difference between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 is 5.5V, the risk of leakage current between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 arranged adjacent to each other along the second direction X is relatively low.

[0156] In a possible implementation, the first color and the second color are complementary colors.

[0157] When the first color and the second color are complementary colors, the first color and the second color can present black after being superimposed. When light enters the first part C1 presenting the first color during the propagation process in the electrochromic layer EC and then enters the second part C2 presenting the second color after exiting the first part C1 presenting the first color, since the first color and the second color present black after being superimposed, the above light can be basically completely absorbed after entering the second part C2.

[0158] In a possible implementation, among the first color and the second color, one is yellow-green and the other is blue-violet.

[0159] The common colors presented by the oxidation discoloration material after oxidation reaction include yellow-green, and the common colors presented by the reduction discoloration material after reduction reaction include blue-violet. When the first electrode E1 receives the first voltage V1 and the second electrode E2 receives the second voltage V2, the first color can be yellow-green and the second color can be blue-violet.

[0160] In a possible implementation, both the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are transparent electrodes.

[0161] When the anti-peeping function of the anti-peeping structure is turned off, the large-angle light generated by the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure can pass through the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 during the process of passing through the anti-peeping layer 10. When both the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are transparent electrodes, the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 can basically not affect the propagation process of the large-angle light, improving the display effect of the display device including or applying the anti-peeping structure when the anti-peeping function is turned off.

[0162] Figure 16 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0163] In a possible implementation, the anti-peeping structure 20 further includes a display component. The display component includes a light-emitting source layer F1, and the anti-peeping layer 10 is located on the side of the light-emitting source layer F1 facing the light-emitting surface of the anti-peeping structure 20.

[0164] As Figure 16 shown, the anti-peeping layer 10 is located on the side of the light-emitting source layer F1 facing the light-emitting surface of the anti-peeping structure 20. The light-emitting source layer F1 is used to generate the light required for the display device to display. The light generated by the light-emitting source layer F1 is first incident on the anti-peeping layer 10 and then exits before exiting the light-emitting surface of the anti-peeping structure 20. When the light is large-angle light, the anti-peeping layer 10 absorbs the large-angle light, increasing the loss of the large-angle light during the propagation process.

[0165] Among them, the light-emitting source layer F1 can be a backlight module. Then, as Figure 16 shown, the display component further includes a display panel DP. The display panel DP is located on the side of the light-emitting source layer F1 close to the light-emitting surface of the anti-peeping structure 20. Among them, the light-emitting source layer F1 can emit light to the display panel DP, and the display panel DP can control whether the light emitted by different regions of the light-emitting source layer F1 can exit, thereby realizing light-emitting display. Then the display panel DP can be a liquid crystal display panel.

[0166] Figure 17 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeping structure provided by the present application.

[0167] At this time, as Figure 16 shown, the anti-peeping layer 10 can be located between the light-emitting source layer F1 and the display panel DP. The opposite film materials in the light-emitting source layer F1 and the display panel DP can be used as the substrates for carrying the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 included in the anti-peeping layer 10. Or, as Figure 17 shown, the anti-peeping layer 10 can be located on the side of the display panel DP away from the light-emitting source layer F1. The film material of the display panel DP away from the light-emitting source layer F1 can be used as the substrate for carrying the first electrode E1 or the second electrode E2 included in the anti-peeping layer 10.

[0168] Among them, the light source layer F1 can be a light-emitting device layer, and the light source layer F1 can be a structure capable of active light-emitting display. For example, it can be an organic light-emitting display film layer, a micro light-emitting diode film layer, a submillimeter light-emitting diode film layer, etc. At this time, the anti-peeking layer 10 can be located on the light-emitting surface side of the light source layer F1.

[0169] Figure 18 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeking structure provided by this application.

[0170] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 18 shown, the display component further includes a display panel DP and a touch panel TP. The touch panel TP is located on the light-emitting surface side of the display panel DP. The anti-peeking layer 10 is located between the display panel DP and the touch panel TP. Then, the substrate of the touch panel TP opposite to the display panel DP can be used as the carrier substrate for the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 included in the anti-peeking layer 10.

[0171] Figure 19 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an anti-peeking structure provided by this application.

[0172] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 19 shown, the display component further includes a display panel DP, a touch panel TP, and a cover plate CG. The touch panel TP is located between the cover plate CG and the display panel DP. The anti-peeking layer 10 is located between the touch panel TP and the cover plate CG. Then, the touch panel TP and the cover plate CG can be used as the carrier substrates for the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 included in the anti-peeking layer 10.

[0173] Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of a display device provided by this application.

[0174] An embodiment of this application provides a display device 30. As Figure 20 shown, the display device 30 includes the anti-peeking structure 20 provided in the above embodiment. The display device 30 can be a mobile phone. In addition, the display device 30 can also be an electronic device such as a computer or a television.

[0175] The display device 30 provided by this application can achieve an active anti-peeking function, and the display device 30 overcomes the disadvantages of high overall thickness and high energy consumption.

[0176] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. An anti-peeping structure, characterized in that, it includes an anti-peeping layer, and the anti-peeping layer includes: a first electrode group and a second electrode group arranged along a first direction, both the first electrode group and the second electrode group include a first electrode and a second electrode arranged along a second direction; along the first direction, the projection of the first electrode in the first electrode group overlaps with the projection of the second electrode in the second electrode group, and the projection of the second electrode in the first electrode group overlaps with the projection of the first electrode in the second electrode group; the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the anti-peeping layer is located, the second direction intersects with the extending direction of the first electrode, and the second direction intersects with the extending direction of the second electrode; an electrochromic layer located between the first electrode group and the second electrode group; when the first electrode in the first electrode group and the first electrode in the second electrode group receive a first voltage and the second electrode in the first electrode group and the second electrode in the second electrode group receive a second voltage, a part of the electrochromic layer close to the first electrode presents a first color and a part of the electrochromic layer close to the second electrode presents a second color, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

2. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the anti-peeping layer includes alternately arranged first regions and second regions, the first regions include the first electrode group and the second electrode group, and the second regions do not include the first electrode group and the second electrode group.

3. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, the second regions do not include an electrochromic layer either.

4. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, both the first regions and the second regions include an electrochromic layer.

5. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, the minimum width of the second region along the second direction is greater than the maximum width of the first region along the second direction.

6. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the same first electrode group, the maximum width between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode along the second direction is less than or equal to 10 μm; in the same second electrode group, the maximum width between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode along the second direction is less than or equal to 10 μm.

7. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the width of the first electrode along the second direction is less than or equal to 20 μm, and / or the width of the second electrode along the second direction is less than or equal to 20 μm.

8. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, along the first direction, the thickness of the electrochromic layer is greater than or equal to 50 μm.

9. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electrochromic layer is solid-state, or the electrochromic layer is semi-solid-state.

10. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electrochromic layer includes a mixed oxidation coloring material and a reduction coloring material.

11. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the electrochromic layer includes an oxidation color-changing layer and a reduction color-changing layer, and among the oxidation color-changing layer and the reduction color-changing layer located between the first electrode group and the second electrode group, the oxidation color-changing layer is located on the side of the reduction color-changing layer close to the first electrode, and the reduction color-changing layer is located on the side of the oxidation color-changing layer close to the second electrode.

12. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1 or 10, It is characterized in that the first voltage V1 satisfies: 1V ≤ V1 ≤ 3.5V, and / or, the second voltage V2 satisfies: -2V ≤ V2 ≤ -0.5V.

13. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the first color and the second color are complementary colors.

14. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 13, It is characterized in that among the first color and the second color, one is yellowish green and the other is blue-violet.

15. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that both the first electrode and the second electrode are transparent electrodes.

16. The anti-peeping structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the anti-peeping structure further includes a display component, the display component includes a light-emitting source layer, and the anti-peeping layer is located on the side of the light-emitting source layer facing the light-emitting surface of the anti-peeping structure.

17. A display device, It is characterized in that it includes the anti-peeping structure according to any one of claims 1-16.

Images