Three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO2 storage monitoring system construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO2 burying monitoring system construction method. The method comprises the following steps: S1screening CO2 burying leakage high-risk parts; s2, identifying and monitoring a CO2 leakage mode in a key risk area; the method is suitable for the technical field of carbon capture, utilization and storage, a CO2 burying monitoring system based on multi-source data fusion is established, a CO2 monitoring method wide in adaptability is formed, the problems that a single monitoring method is poor in adaptability and small in monitoring range are solved, and support is provided for safe implementation of CCUS engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon capture, utilization and storage, and specifically relates to a method for constructing a monitoring system for CO 2 burial storage by three-dimensional multi-source data fusion. Background Art

[0002] More than 130 countries and regions around the world have announced net-zero emission targets, which also indicates that the general policy of protecting climate change has been widely recognized globally, and effective emission reduction technologies will receive extensive attention. As one of the key technologies to achieve low-cost net-zero emissions, the CCUS technology will have an even stronger development momentum. With the wide application of CCUS technology at home and abroad, the research on the safety and leakage risk of CO 2 sequestration technology has gradually attracted attention.

[0003] CO 2 Geological sequestration is the process of storing CO 2 in underground reservoirs through engineering and technical means, thereby avoiding its emission into the atmosphere. Achieving safe and efficient sequestration of CO 2 is an eternal goal of CCUS technology. Once CO2 leaks, it will cause certain harm to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the leakage pathways of CO 2 in order to better carry out research on CO 2 sequestration leakage monitoring technology.

[0004] During the CO 2 sequestration process, once CO 2 leaks, it will have a certain impact on groundwater, soil and the atmosphere. The leaked CO 2 migrates continuously in groundwater and reacts with groundwater through dissolution, resulting in certain changes in parameters such as the pH value, HCO3- concentration, temperature, pressure, and conductivity of groundwater, affecting the quality of groundwater. When the leaked CO 2 reaches the soil through a hydrogeological trap, the leaked CO 2 will interact with the moisture in the soil, resulting in changes in parameters such as the pH value, humidity, and conductivity of the soil, acidifying the soil and corroding buried equipment at the same time. When the leaked CO 2 diffuses into the atmosphere, parameters such as air temperature, air pressure, and atmospheric humidity will change to a certain extent. In addition, since CO 2 has a higher density than air, CO 2 will accumulate in low-lying areas or places with poor air circulation, causing certain harm to humans, animals and plants.

[0005] A method for determining CO 2Method for monitoring buried storage leakage risk points, designed based on the established fine geological model, using reservoir numerical simulation method, obtaining the current fluid field, pressure field and in-situ stress field of the target reservoir through historical matching; successively establishing fault, wellbore and caprock leakage models; based on the reservoir parameters obtained by numerical simulation fitting, combined with various established leakage models, conducting CO 2 leakage risk analysis to determine the risk areas, leakage modes and expected leakage amounts where CO 2 may leak; and on this basis, formulating a CO 2 leakage monitoring plan.

[0006] However, the possible leakage channels of CO 2 are complex, including: artificial leakage channels, geological structure leakage channels and leakage channels crossing caprocks and hydraulic traps. Different leakage path monitoring technologies have characteristics such as multi-dimension, multi-discipline and multi-source data fusion, including: surface vegetation biology, atmosphere, surface deformation, soil gas, groundwater, monitoring wells, time-lapse seismic, etc.

[0007] Therefore, the diversity of leakage paths leads to monitoring difficulties. Currently, scattered and single monitoring methods do not meet the needs of CO2 leakage system monitoring in mines, and there is an urgent need to establish an effective CO 2 buried storage monitoring system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] Method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion, including the following steps:

[0011] S1 Screening of high-risk parts of CO 2 buried storage leakage;

[0012] S2 Identification and monitoring of CO 2 leakage patterns in key risk areas;

[0013] S3 Monitoring of CO 2 leakage in general risk areas.

[0014] Preferably, in the step S1, the screening of high-risk parts of CO 2 buried storage leakage includes:

[0015] S11 Geological model identification;

[0016] S12 Numerical simulation identification.

[0017] Preferably, in the step S11, the geological model identification specifically refers to establishing a heterogeneous geological model of the entire formation of reservoir-caprock-fault-wellbore based on seismic, logging, geological, and drilling data.

[0018] Preferably, in the step S11, the fault structures, fracture systems, caprocks, and weak surfaces of overlying strata, etc. in the key identification block are focused on for identifying CO 2 prone leakage channels.

[0019] Preferably, in the step S11, combining the logging interpretation of rock mechanics parameters and triaxial rock mechanics experiments to identify the in-situ stress characteristics of a single well and establish a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mechanics parameters; according to the regional far-field stress state and development history, through finite element geomechanical simulation, obtaining the three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics of the current in-situ stress field, the comprehensive geological structure distribution, and the in-situ stress distribution characteristics, and identifying the high-risk parts of CO 2 storage leakage.

[0020] Preferably, in the step S12, the identification of high-risk parts by numerical simulation specifically includes:

[0021] Integrating the multiphase multicomponent fluid-solid coupling model of the reservoir-caprock-fault-wellbore system during the comprehensive CO 2 flooding-storage process, combining the finite volume method and the finite element method / meshless method to form an efficient fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation technology, and realizing the coupling of the in-situ stress simulation of the entire formation and the reservoir numerical simulation;

[0022] Carrying out the fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation during the CO 2 injection process under the conditions of the entire formation, analyzing the evolution laws of in-situ stress evolution, formation deformation, fault activation, caprock fracture, CO 2 migration, and enhanced oil recovery, etc. under different injection and production parameters, and further identifying the high-risk parts of CO 2 leakage.

[0023] Preferably, in the step S1, the parts where the caprock cracks reopen, the faults activate and slip, and the wellbore cement sheath is damaged during the CO 2 injection process are regarded as key risk areas; during the CO 2 development process, the areas that have not been damaged but have stress concentration, near faults, and near wellbores are regarded as general risk areas.

[0024] Preferably, in the step S2, in the key risk areas of CO 2 prone leakage, using strain gauges and distributed optical fiber DAS / DSS, arranging fiber-optic permanently installed pressure, temperature devices and sensors, collecting the strain signals and pressure change signals of the reservoir and caprock, and the temperature and pressure change conditions, and real-time monitoring the parameter changes in the key risk areas of CO 2 injection.

[0025] Preferably, in step S2, it further includes: comparing the data of distributed optical fiber monitoring with the numerical simulation results to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation results, using the optical fiber monitoring data as a reference to correct the numerical simulation parameters so that the numerical simulation results are consistent with the optical fiber monitoring results.

[0026] Preferably, in step S2, it further includes: based on numerical simulation technology, obtaining the signal response characteristics such as injection-production well pressure, flow rate, CO 2 plume dynamic migration, monitoring point strain, and microseismic caused by caprock fracture and fault activation under different geological parameter conditions, and establishing an effective identification model for CO 2 leakage.

[0027] Preferably, in step S2, it further includes: monitoring the signal responses such as injection-production well pressure, flow rate, CO2 plume dynamic migration, monitoring point strain, and microseismic in the key area, and comparing with the CO 2 effective identification model to judge whether leakage occurs and the type of leakage.

[0028] Preferably, in step S3, it specifically includes:

[0029] S31 Groundwater monitoring: For the pumping wells, monitoring wells and other parts existing in the general risk area of CO 2 storage, instrument and equipment are arranged for index determination to monitor the CO 2 leakage situation;

[0030] S32 For the general risk area without monitoring wells, carry out the monitoring of the physical and chemical properties of soil and surface vegetation, and establish the response characteristics of soil under different CO 2 concentrations by monitoring the changes in soil;

[0031] S33 For abandoned wells and old wells, carry out the monitoring of the annulus leakage of the wellbore and monitor the integrity of the wellbore in real time.

[0032] Preferably, in step S31, the water level change of groundwater, as well as the water quality components such as the pH value of groundwater, carbonate content, and total inorganic salts are measured.

[0033] Preferably, in step S32, the gas composition and concentration, moisture content, pH value, mineral components, and changes in the composition, activity and quantity of microbial communities in the soil are monitored.

[0034] Preferably, in step S33, the CO 2 concentration and pressure in the annulus of the wellbore are monitored.

[0035] Preferably, it further includes: for the entire area with CO 2 leakage risk, establish CO 2Mathematical model for flow in the atmosphere, using numerical simulation technology to simulate the distribution law of CO at different wind directions and different heights 2 monitor the CO 2 in the atmosphere of the CO storage area 2 concentration, and use carbon isotope technology to analyze the source of atmospheric CO 2 According to the comparison result of CO 2 concentration and the result of carbon isotope analysis, judge whether CO 2 leakage occurs.

[0036] Preferably, it further includes: monitoring the surface displacement of the entire CO 2 sealing area through inSARS and inclinometers, etc., to judge whether surface deformation occurs and monitor the overall situation of the storage area.

[0037] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] In the present invention, a CO 2 storage monitoring system with multi-source data fusion is established, forming a set of CO 2 monitoring methods with wide adaptability, solving the problems of poor adaptability and small monitoring range of single monitoring methods, and providing support for the safe implementation of CCUS projects. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is the framework diagram of the CO 2 monitoring system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is the structural diagram of the CO 2 monitoring system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 is the CO2 concentration change diagram in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0043] The following further describes the specific implementation manners of the method for constructing a three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO Figures 1-4 storage monitoring system of the present invention in conjunction with the attached 2 drawings. The method for constructing a three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO 2 storage monitoring system of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] Method for constructing a three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO 2 storage monitoring system, such as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, it includes the following steps:

[0046] S1 CO 2 Screening of high-risk parts for buried storage leakage;

[0047] S2 CO in key risk areas 2 Leakage mode identification and monitoring;

[0048] S3 CO in general risk areas 2 Leakage monitoring.

[0049] Furthermore, in step S1, for CO 2 The screening of high-risk parts for buried storage leakage includes:

[0050] S11 Geological model identification;

[0051] S12 Numerical simulation identification.

[0052] Furthermore, in step S2, in the CO 2 Key risk areas prone to leakage, strain gauges and distributed optical fiber DAS / DSS are used to arrange fiber-optic permanent pressure, temperature devices and sensors to collect strain signals and pressure change signals of the reservoir and caprock, as well as temperature and pressure change conditions, and to monitor the parameters of the key risk areas of CO in real time 2 changes.

[0053] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes:

[0054] S31 Groundwater monitoring: For the CO 2 existing pumping wells, monitoring wells and other parts in the general risk areas of buried storage, instrument and equipment are arranged for index determination to monitor the CO 2 leakage situation;

[0055] S32 For general risk areas without monitoring wells, physical and chemical properties monitoring of soil and surface vegetation is carried out, and by monitoring the changes in soil, the response characteristics of soil under different CO 2 concentrations are established;

[0056] S33 For abandoned wells and old wells, wellbore annulus leakage monitoring is carried out to monitor the wellbore integrity in real time.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] Method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion. Other steps are similar to those in Example 1. Furthermore, in step S11, the geological model identification is specifically to establish a heterogeneous geological model of the entire formation of reservoir-caprock-fault-wellbore based on seismic, logging, geological and drilling data.

[0059] Further, in step S11, faults, fracture systems, cap rocks, and weak surfaces of overlying strata within the key identification block are focused on to identify CO 2 leakage-prone channels.

[0060] Further, in step S11, by combining well logging interpretation of rock mechanics parameters and triaxial rock mechanics experiments, the in-situ stress characteristics of a single well are identified, and a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mechanics parameters is established; based on the regional far-field stress state and development history, through finite element geomechanics simulation, the three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics of the current in-situ stress field, the comprehensive geological structure distribution, and the in-situ stress distribution characteristics are obtained to identify high-risk CO 2 storage leakage sites.

[0061] Further, in step S12, the identification of high-risk sites in numerical simulation specifically includes:

[0062] Integrating the multiphase multi-component fluid-solid coupling model of the reservoir-cap rock-fault-wellbore system during the CO 2 flooding-storage process, and forming an efficient fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation technology by combining the finite volume method and the finite element method / meshless method to achieve the coupling of in-situ stress simulation of the entire formation and reservoir numerical simulation;

[0063] Conducting fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation during CO 2 injection under the conditions of the entire formation, analyzing the evolution laws of in-situ stress in the reservoir, formation deformation, fault activation, cap rock fracture, CO 2 migration, and enhanced oil recovery under different injection and production parameters, and further identifying high-risk CO 2 leakage sites.

[0064] Further, in step S2, it also includes: comparing the data of distributed optical fiber monitoring with the numerical simulation results to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation results, using the optical fiber monitoring data as a reference to correct the numerical simulation parameters so that the numerical simulation results are consistent with the optical fiber monitoring results.

[0065] Further, in step S31, the water level change of groundwater, as well as water quality components such as the pH value of groundwater, carbonate content, and total inorganic salts, are measured.

[0066] Further, in step S32, the composition and concentration of soil gas, water content, pH value, mineral components, and changes in the composition, activity, and quantity of microbial communities are monitored.

[0067] Further, in step S33, the CO 2 concentration and pressure in the wellbore annulus are monitored.

[0068] Example 3:

[0069] CO of three-dimensional multi-source data fusion 2Method for constructing a storage monitoring system, other steps are similar to those in Embodiment 1. Further, in step S1, the parts where the caprock fractures reopen, the faults activate and slip, and the wellbore cement sheath is damaged during the injection of CO 2 are regarded as key risk areas during the process; the areas where there is no damage but stress concentration, near the faults and near the wellbores during the CO 2 development process are regarded as general risk areas.

[0070] Further, in step S2, it further includes: based on numerical simulation technology, obtaining the signal response characteristics such as the injection-production well pressure, flow rate, CO 2 plume dynamic migration, strain at the monitoring points, and microseismicity caused by caprock fracture and fault activation under different geological parameter conditions, and establishing an effective identification model for CO 2 leakage.

[0071] Further, in step S2, it further includes: monitoring the signal responses such as the injection-production well pressure, flow rate, CO2 plume dynamic migration, strain at the monitoring points, and microseismicity in the key areas, and comparing with the CO 2 effective identification model to judge whether leakage occurs and the type of leakage.

[0072] Embodiment 4:

[0073] Method for constructing a CO 2 storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion, other steps are similar to those in Embodiment 1, and it further includes: for the entire area with CO 2 leakage risk, establishing a mathematical model for the flow of CO 2 in the atmosphere, using numerical simulation technology to simulate the distribution law of CO 2 under different wind directions and different heights, monitoring the CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere of the storage area, analyzing the source of atmospheric CO 2 using carbon isotope technology, and judging whether CO 2 leakage occurs according to the CO 2 concentration comparison result and the carbon isotope analysis result. 2

[0074] Embodiment 5:

[0075] Method for constructing a CO 2 storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion, other steps are similar to those in Embodiment 1. Further, it further includes: monitoring the surface displacement situation of the entire CO 2 sequestration area through inSARS and inclinometers, etc., to judge whether surface deformation occurs and monitor the overall situation of the storage area.

[0076] Embodiment 6:

[0077] Method for constructing a CO​2 Method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system, such as Figure 2 shown, comprising the following steps:

[0078] 1. Identify high-risk areas of CO 2 leakage from the geological structure through fine geological modeling;

[0079] 2. Further identify high-risk areas of CO 2 leakage through THMC coupled numerical simulation of CO2 buried storage, based on the CO 2 migration situation, stress and strain situation, and pressure change situation;

[0080] 3. In high-risk areas, monitor CO 2 leakage by monitoring formation strain, pressure, and temperature changes using optical fibers; and feedback the results to the numerical simulation to correct the numerical model parameters;

[0081] 4. Establish an effective identification model for CO 2 leakage through numerical simulation, monitor formation strain and pressure changes, identify the leakage mode. And set up different monitoring modes in high-risk areas and the overall area to achieve efficient identification of CO 2 leakage.

[0082] 5. For general risk areas, establish a CO 2 leakage environmental monitoring system integrating multi-source and multi-point monitoring of soil, groundwater, atmospheric environment, and wellbore annulus leakage, etc., to monitor CO 2 leakage situation.

[0083] Example 7:

[0084] Method for constructing a CO2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion, such as Figure 3 shown, comprising the following steps:

[0085] 1. Combine distributed optical fiber underground monitoring and fluid-structure interaction numerical simulation technology to identify high-risk areas of CO 2 leakage such as caprock, faults, and weak surfaces of wellbores, etc., and establish an effective identification model for CO 2 leakage, and implement key monitoring on high-risk parts in the later stage.

[0086] 2. Establish the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of soil gas and the ecology of surface vegetation and CO 2 concentration, monitor the surface soil and vegetation conditions in areas with leakage risks, and form a surface monitoring system.

[0087] 3. Monitor atmospheric CO 2 concentration and CO 2 flux, and form an atmospheric CO 2 leakage monitoring system.

[0088] 4. Monitor the surface displacement through inSARS and inclinometers, etc., to judge whether surface deformation occurs, and monitor CO from a large range. 2 In the storage area, avoid random leakage of CO. 2

[0089] 5. The underground-surface-atmosphere-space monitoring system forms a three-dimensional and multi-source data fusion CO 2 storage monitoring system.

[0090] Example 8:

[0091] A method for constructing a three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO2 storage monitoring system, taking the CO 2 leakage monitoring in Block G89 of Shengli Oilfield as an example, includes the following steps:

[0092] In the CO 2 sealing area, an air monitoring, soil monitoring and groundwater monitoring system is established. Among them, air monitoring includes low-altitude CO 2 concentration monitoring and ground CO 2 concentration monitoring. As Figure 4 shown, from April to November, the average low-altitude CO2 concentration in Area G89 is 384 - 417 ppm, and the CO 2 concentration on the ground (a certain point downwind of the comparison area) is 429 - 478 ppm, without abnormality. The ambient air of Block G89 is monitored 1311 batches in 3 rounds on the ground, and the CO 2 concentration range is 421 - 507 ppm. The concentrations of various points are basically the same and there is no significant change before and after injection, and no abnormality is found.

[0093] The soil gas CO 2 flux in Block G89 is monitored 1311 batches in 3 rounds, and the flux range is 0.13 - 2.37 g / m2·h-1. The flux ranges of various points are basically the same, and the maximum fluctuation range of a single well is 0.12 - 1.26 g / m2·h-1, and the results are within the normal range.

[0094] The shallow groundwater in Block G89 is monitored 3 rounds, and the monitoring data is basically the same as the groundwater quality in the surrounding area, without obvious abnormality, as shown in the following table.

[0095]

[0096] In summary:

[0097] By setting different risk areas and adopting different CO 2 monitoring methods in different risk areas, realize CO 2 ​Full-time and all-round monitoring of leakage risk areas, and establishment of a CO leakage environmental monitoring system integrating multi-source and multi-point monitoring of soil, groundwater, atmospheric environment, and wellbore annulus leakage. 2 Leakage environmental monitoring system.

[0098] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred implementation manners. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, and all should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Construction method of buried storage monitoring system for CO with multi-source data fusion in three dimensions 2 ​ It is characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1 CO 2 Screening of high-risk parts for buried storage leakage; CO in Key Risk Areas of S2 2 Leakage Pattern Recognition and Monitoring; CO in general risk areas of S3 2 Leakage monitoring.

2. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system for the CO of three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 1 2 ​ It is characterized in that: In the step S1, CO 2 Screening of high-risk parts for buried storage leakage includes: S11 Geological model identification; S12 Numerical simulation identification.

3. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system for the stereo multi-source data fusion CO 2 as claimed in claim 2 It is characterized in that: In the step S11, the geological model identification is specifically to establish a heterogeneous geological model of the entire formation of reservoir-caprock-fault-wellbore based on seismic, logging, geological and drilling data.

4. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system for the CO of three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 3 2 ​ It is characterized in that: In the step S11, faults, fracture systems, cap rocks, and weak surfaces of overlying strata in the key identification block are mainly identified as CO 2 prone leakage channels.

5. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system of the three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO 2 as claimed in claim 2 It is characterized in that: In the step S11, by combining well logging interpretation of rock mechanics parameters and triaxial rock mechanics experiments, the in-situ stress characteristics of a single well are identified, and a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mechanics parameters is established; according to the regional far-field stress state and development history, through finite element geomechanics simulation, the three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics of the current in-situ stress field, the comprehensive geological structure distribution and the in-situ stress distribution characteristics are obtained, and the high-risk parts of CO 2 sequestration leakage are identified.

6. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system of a three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO 2 as claimed in claim 2 It is characterized in that In the step S12, the identification of high-risk parts by numerical simulation is specifically: Comprehensive CO injection 2 A multiphase and multicomponent fluid-solid coupling model for the reservoir-caprock-fault-wellbore system during the oil displacement-sequestration process, combined with the finite volume method and the finite element method / meshless method, forms an efficient fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation technology to achieve the coupling of full-stratum in-situ stress simulation and reservoir numerical simulation; Carry out numerical simulation of fluid-solid coupling in the whole formation during CO 2 injection process, analyze the evolution laws of reservoir in-situ stress, formation deformation, fault activation, caprock fracture, CO 2 migration and enhanced oil recovery under different injection and production parameters, and further identify the high-risk parts of CO 2 leakage.

7. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system of a three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO 2 as claimed in claim 1 It is characterized in that: In the step S1, the injection of CO 2 During the process, the parts where the caprock fractures reopen, the faults are activated and slip, and the wellbore cement sheath is damaged are regarded as key risk areas; the injection of CO 2 During the development process, areas that have not been damaged but have stress concentration, areas near faults and near the wellbore are regarded as general risk areas.

8. The method for constructing a CO2 storage monitoring system for three-dimensional multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: In the step S2, in the CO 2 key risk areas prone to leakage, strain gauges and distributed optical fiber DAS / DSS are used to arrange fiber-optic permanent pressure and temperature devices and sensors to collect strain signals, pressure change signals, and temperature and pressure change conditions of the reservoir and caprock, and to monitor the CO 2 parameter changes in key risk areas in real time.

9. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system for stereoscopic multi-source data fusion CO 2 as claimed in claim 8 It is characterized in that: In the step S2, it further includes: comparing the data monitored by distributed optical fiber with the numerical simulation results to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation results, using the optical fiber monitoring data as a reference to correct the numerical simulation parameters so that the numerical simulation results are consistent with the optical fiber monitoring results.

10. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system for the CO 2 of three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 9 It is characterized in that: In the step S2, it further includes: Based on numerical simulation technology, obtaining signal response characteristics such as injection-production well pressure, flow rate, CO 2 plume dynamic migration, monitoring point strain, and microseismic caused by caprock fracture and fault activation, and establishing an effective identification mode for CO 2 leakage.

11. The method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 10 It is characterized in that: In the step S2, it further includes: monitoring signal responses such as the pressure, flow rate, dynamic migration of CO2 plume, strain at monitoring points, and microseismicity in key areas, and comparing with the effective identification mode to determine whether leakage occurs and the type of leakage. 2 ​ 12. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system for the CO of three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 1 2 ​ It is characterized in that: In the step S3, it specifically includes: S31 Groundwater monitoring: For CO 2 In the existing pumping wells, monitoring wells and other parts in the general risk areas for storage, instrument and equipment are arranged for index determination to monitor the CO 2 leakage situation; For general risk areas without monitoring wells, conduct monitoring on the physical and chemical properties of soil and surface vegetation. By monitoring the changes in soil, establish the response characteristics of soil under different CO 2 concentrations; S33 Carry out wellbore annulus leakage monitoring on abandoned wells and old wells to monitor the wellbore integrity in real time.

13. The method for constructing a buried storage monitoring system of the three-dimensional multi-source data fusion CO 2 as claimed in claim 12 It is characterized in that: In the step S31, measure the water level change of groundwater, as well as water quality components such as the pH value of groundwater, carbonate content, and total inorganic salts.

14. The method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 12 It is characterized in that: In the step S32, monitor the changes in soil gas composition and concentration, water content, pH value, mineral composition, and microbial community composition, activity and quantity.

15. The method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 12 It is characterized in that: In the step S33, monitor the CO 2 concentration and pressure in the wellbore annulus.

16. The method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 1 It is characterized in that It also includes: establishing a mathematical model for the flow of CO in the entire area with CO leakage risk, and using numerical simulation technology to simulate the distribution law of CO at different wind directions and different heights, monitoring the concentration of CO in the atmosphere of the storage area, analyzing the source of atmospheric CO by using carbon isotope technology, and judging whether CO leakage occurs according to the comparison result of CO concentration and the analysis result of carbon isotope. 2 in the atmosphere, and 2 simulating the distribution law of CO at different wind directions and different heights by using numerical simulation technology, monitoring the 2 concentration of CO in the atmosphere of the storage area, analyzing the source of atmospheric CO by using carbon isotope technology, and 2 judging whether CO leakage occurs according to the comparison result of CO concentration and the analysis result of carbon isotope. 2 It also includes: establishing a mathematical model for the flow of CO in the entire area with CO leakage risk, and using numerical simulation technology to simulate the distribution law of CO at different wind directions and different heights, monitoring the concentration of CO in the atmosphere of the storage area, analyzing the source of atmospheric CO by using carbon isotope technology, and judging whether CO leakage occurs according to the comparison result of CO concentration and the analysis result of carbon isotope. 2 source, and 2 judging whether CO leakage occurs according to the comparison result of CO concentration and the analysis result of carbon isotope. 2 Leakage.

17. The method for constructing a CO 2 buried storage monitoring system with three-dimensional multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 1 It is characterized in that It also includes: for the entire CO 2 The surface displacement of the storage area is monitored by inSARS, inclinometers, etc. to determine whether surface deformation has occurred and to monitor the overall situation of the storage area.

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