Electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnet

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic energy collector based on a coaxial double-ring permanent magnet, which is characterized in that an end annular magnet is fixed at the top of a protective shell, and is matched with a middle annular magnet slidably arranged in a coil framework and a corresponding potential energy driving mechanism to provide alternating magnetic field excitation for coils at the upper end and the lower end of the coil framework. Therefore, the middle annular magnet can move in the circumferential direction of the coil framework, electromotive force is induced in the coil, and therefore conversion from mechanical energy to electric energy is achieved. According to the invention, the system can generate two stable points in a complete reciprocating vibration period by fully utilizing the synergistic effect of gravity and magnetic force, so that the potential energy distribution of the system presents two obvious potential well structures, and the middle annular magnet can generate two stable points in the process of moving from one stable position to the other stable position. The magnetic field is obviously changed, so that the capture and conversion of the vibration energy are efficient, and the motion smoothness, the overall operation stability of the device and the energy conversion efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of energy harvesting, and more particularly to an electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets. Background Art

[0002] Electromagnetic energy harvesting technology is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. By causing a change in magnetic flux through mechanical vibration or relative motion in the environment, the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy is achieved. Due to its wide range of energy sources and relatively high conversion efficiency, it has become a research focus in the field of micro-power self-power supply. With the widespread application of Internet of Things (IoT) terminals, distributed sensor networks, and wearable devices, the market's demand for efficient and stable self-power supply devices is becoming increasingly urgent. However, there are still significant technical bottlenecks in existing electromagnetic energy harvesters in terms of energy conversion efficiency, frequency response characteristics, direction adaptability, and structural compactness.

[0003] In terms of energy conversion efficiency, traditional devices mostly adopt single-polar permanent magnets or linear magnetic circuit designs. The uneven magnetic field distribution results in limited changes in the magnetic flux of the induction coil, leading to low conversion efficiency, especially under low-amplitude vibration conditions. In terms of frequency response characteristics, existing devices usually rely on a single resonance frequency to achieve maximum energy output through structural resonance, but the narrowband characteristics limit their applicability in broadband or random vibration environments. In addition, designs with strong magnetic circuit directionality make it difficult to effectively capture multi-dimensional vibration energy, further restricting the usage scenarios.

[0004] At the same time, to achieve efficient energy conversion, existing designs often require a larger volume or more complex magnetic circuit layouts in terms of structure, but this conflicts with the requirements of miniaturization and lightweight, making it difficult to balance structural compactness and mechanical strength. In addition, during long-term operation, the accuracy and durability of magnet installation pose higher requirements for the reliability of device performance.

[0005] To address the above problems, there is an urgent need for a new design that can optimize the magnetic field distribution, broaden the frequency adaptation range, and improve the direction response ability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, this application provides an electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets. Based on the innovative magnetic circuit structure of the coaxial double-ring permanent magnets, it provides an efficient, compact, and reliable solution for electromagnetic energy harvesters, with broad application potential. The specific technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows.

[0007] First, to achieve the above object, an electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets is proposed, which includes: an end-ring magnet disposed within a protective housing, fixedly mounted on the top of the protective housing; a coil bobbin disposed inside the protective housing, below the end-ring magnet, and coils are respectively mounted at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin; a middle-ring magnet sleeved around the middle of the coil bobbin, reciprocatingly moving between the coils at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin; a potential energy driving mechanism disposed at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin for driving the middle-ring magnet to move towards the middle of the coil bobbin.

[0008] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as described in any of the above, wherein the potential energy driving mechanism is an elastic device that provides elastic potential energy along the axis direction of the coil bobbin.

[0009] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as described in any of the above, wherein the elastic device is a helical spring.

[0010] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as described in any of the above, wherein a rolling device is further provided on the outer periphery of the middle-ring magnet, and the rolling device rotates along the inner wall of the protective housing, causing the middle-ring magnet to reciprocatingly slide along the axis direction of the coil bobbin.

[0011] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as described in any of the above, wherein the rolling device is a copper bead embedded on the outer peripheral surface of the middle-ring magnet.

[0012] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as described in any of the above, wherein the outer diameters of the coils at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin are both smaller than the inner diameter of the middle-ring magnet and the inner diameter of the helical spring; and the coils at both ends are connected in series, and the coils at both ends are respectively wound in opposite directions.

[0013] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as described in any of the above, wherein a first helical spring and a second helical spring are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin. Among them, the first helical spring at the upper end of the coil bobbin is fixedly disposed below the end-ring magnet, and the upper end of the first helical spring is fixed in a circular groove in the upper part of the protective housing; the second helical spring at the lower end of the coil bobbin is fixedly disposed below the middle-ring magnet, and the lower end of the second helical spring is fixed in a circular groove in the lower part of the protective housing; both the first and second helical springs are made of non-magnetic metal materials; the outer diameters of both the first and second helical springs are larger than the inner diameter of the middle-ring magnet, and their outer diameters are also smaller than the outer diameter of the middle-ring magnet.

[0014] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets described in any one of the above, the end annular magnet is a fixed magnet, which is fixedly arranged in the groove at the top of the protective shell; the middle annular magnet moves bidirectionally between two springs along the axial direction of the coil bobbin; the axes of the end annular magnet and the middle annular magnet coincide, and both are axially magnetized, and the magnetic poles between the end annular magnet and the middle annular magnet attract each other.

[0015] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets described in any one of the above, the outer diameter of the end annular magnet is smaller than the outer diameter of the protective shell and larger than the inner diameter of the middle annular magnet; the outer diameter of the middle annular magnet is smaller than the inner diameter of the protective shell.

[0016] Optionally, for the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets described in any one of the above, the protective shell is a hollow cylinder, and two circular grooves are respectively provided at the bottom and top of the hollow cylinder for fixing the coil bobbin and the helical spring; the end annular magnet is fixed in another groove above the top circular groove, and a preset distance is reserved between the bottom of the other groove and the top of the circular groove; the material of the protective shell is a non-magnetic material. Beneficial effects

[0017] For the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets provided in this application, the end annular magnet is fixed at the top of the protective shell, and it cooperates with the middle annular magnet slidably arranged in the coil bobbin and the corresponding potential energy driving mechanism to provide an alternating magnetic field excitation for the coils at both ends of the coil bobbin. Thus, the middle annular magnet of this application can move circumferentially along the coil bobbin, induce an electromotive force in the coil, and thus realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. This application particularly adopts a top-fixed annular magnet and a freely movable annular magnet to make full use of the synergistic effect of gravity and magnetism, so that the system generates two stable points within a complete reciprocating vibration cycle, that is, two points with the lowest potential energy, making the potential energy distribution of the system present two obvious potential well structures. Therefore, when the middle annular magnet moves from one stable position to another stable position, it causes a significant change in the magnetic field, thereby generating a periodic magnetic flux fluctuation in the coil, making the capture and conversion of vibration energy reach high performance, and improving the motion smoothness, the overall operation stability of the device and the energy conversion efficiency.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in the subsequent specification, and part of them will become obvious from the specification or be understood by implementing this application. Description of the drawings

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and form a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation to the present application. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the stable position of the electromagnetic energy harvester based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets of the present application; Figure 3 is the output voltage of the electromagnetic energy harvester of the present application when the input amplitude is 24.525 m / s 2 , and the frequency is 5 - 25 Hz; Figure 4 is the output voltage of the electromagnetic energy harvester of the present application when the input frequency is 20 Hz and the amplitude is 9.81 - 29.43 m / s 2 ; Figure 5 is the output voltage of the electromagnetic energy harvester of the present application under forward sweep excitation; Figure 6 is the output voltage of the electromagnetic energy harvester of the present application under reverse sweep excitation.

[0020] In the figure, 1 represents the end ring magnet; 2 represents the middle ring magnet; 3 represents the helical spring; 4 represents the coil; 5 represents the coil bobbin; 6 represents the protective shell; 7 represents the copper bead. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] To make the objectives and technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in the art in the field to which the present application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with an idealized or overly formal meaning unless defined as such here.

[0023] The meaning of "and / or" as used in the present application refers to the situation where each exists alone or both exist simultaneously.

[0024] In this application, the meanings of "inside" and "outside" refer to the directions relative to the protective shell itself. The direction from the outer surface of the protective shell to the annular magnet arranged inside it is defined as "inside", and vice versa. This is not a specific limitation on the device mechanism of this application.

[0025] In this application, the meaning of "connection" can be a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.

[0026] In this application, the meanings of "upper" and "lower" refer to the directions when the user is facing the electromagnetic energy collector directly. The direction from the middle annular magnet to the end annular magnet is defined as "upper", and vice versa. This is not a specific limitation on the device mechanism of this application.

[0027] Figure 1 An electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets according to this application includes the following components arranged inside the protective shell 6: An end annular magnet 1, which is fixedly installed at the top of the protective shell 6; A coil bobbin 5, which is arranged inside the protective shell 6, below the end annular magnet 1. Coils 4 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin 5; A middle annular magnet 2, which is sleeved in the middle of the coil bobbin 5 and reciprocates between the coils 4 at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin 5; A potential energy driving mechanism, which is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin 5 and is used to drive the middle annular magnet to move towards the middle of the coil bobbin 5.

[0028] Based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, this device induces an electromotive force in the surrounding coils through the reciprocating movement of the annular magnets, thus realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. In the design of the device, an end annular magnet 1 fixed at the top and a middle annular magnet 2 that can move freely are particularly adopted to make full use of the synergistic effect of gravity and magnetic force, so that the system can achieve high efficiency in the capture and conversion of vibration energy.

[0029] When an external vibration or excitation source acts on this device, the middle annular magnet 2 reciprocates axially in the protective shell. During the downward movement, gravity is the main driving force, which can gradually accelerate the middle annular magnet 2 to approach the bottom position of the protective shell. When the middle annular magnet 2 starts to move upward, the magnetic force of the end annular magnet 1 fixedly arranged at the top gradually appears and significantly increases. At this time, the magnetic force becomes the main driving force, prompting the middle annular magnet 2 to accelerate towards the top of the protective shell. During the entire movement process, when the middle annular magnet 2 touches the potential energy driving mechanisms at the upper and lower ends, the potential energy driving mechanisms will generate a reverse torque to act on the middle annular magnet 2, making it return in the opposite direction, thus triggering a cyclic alternating magnetic field.

[0030] When the middle annular magnet 2 moves to the upper and lower ends of the device, as it presses on the potential energy driving mechanism, the reaction force of the potential energy driving mechanism gradually accumulates and increases. Eventually, the interaction with the attraction force and gravity between the annular magnets reaches a dynamic balance. At this time, the resultant force on the middle annular magnet 2 is the smallest, the acceleration is close to zero, and its moving speed reaches the maximum. In this state, the relative moving speed between the coil and the magnet is the largest, which can generate the strongest induced electromotive force and induced current, thus achieving the most efficient energy conversion.

[0031] When specifically implementing this device, to simplify the mechanical structure of the device, the potential energy driving mechanism can generally be set as an elastic device that provides elastic potential energy along the axis direction of the coil skeleton 5. For example, a hydraulic spring or a more simply structured helical spring 3.

[0032] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the stable position of the energy collector in this device is shown, where the curve represents the distribution of the potential energy of the annular magnet 2 with displacement. It can be clearly seen from the figure that there are two potential well structures in the potential energy distribution, corresponding to the stable point I at the top and the stable point II at the bottom of the middle annular magnet 2 respectively. This double potential well structure enables the middle annular magnet 2 to perform periodic reciprocating motion between the two stable positions under the action of external vibration, thus ensuring a continuous and efficient energy conversion process.

[0033] In specific applications, the coil skeleton, coil, helical spring, annular magnet, and protective shell of the electromagnetic energy collector in this application can be set in the following forms: (1) Protective shell The protective shell of the device structure in the present invention can be set as a modified hollow cylinder. The bottom and top of the hollow cylinder are respectively provided with two circular grooves for fixing the coil skeleton and the helical spring. In the device, the end annular magnet 1 at the top is fixed in another groove above the top circular groove, and the other groove can also be set as circular to match the structure of the end annular magnet 1. A preset distance is reserved between the bottom of the other groove and the top of the circular groove for fixing the end annular magnet 1 above the top spring structure and keeping no direct contact between the two.

[0034] In this application, the material of the protective shell is selected as non-magnetic materials, such as organic materials like acrylic and ABS, or metal materials like aluminum, aluminum alloy, and copper, and a transparent or opaque design can be selected. The size of the protective shell (including inner diameter, outer diameter, height, and groove size) can be customized according to the requirements of the actual application scenario.

[0035] (2) Coil skeleton The coil bobbin in the present invention is a cylinder, and its upper and lower end faces can be respectively embedded in the central circular small grooves at the top and bottom of the protective shell for fixation. The material of the coil bobbin is selected from non-magnetic materials, such as organic materials like acrylic and ABS, or metal materials like aluminum, aluminum alloy, and copper. The size of the coil bobbin (including diameter and height) can be customized according to actual application requirements.

[0036] (3)Coil In the present invention, two sets of copper wire winding coils of the coil 4 are symmetrically arranged up and down at the upper and lower ends of the coil bobbin 5 respectively, as Figure 1 shown. Among them, the first set of coils is wound near the top of the coil bobbin, and the second set of coils is wound near the bottom of the coil bobbin. The outer diameters of the two sets of coils must be simultaneously smaller than the inner diameter of the middle ring magnet 2 and the inner diameter of the helical spring 3 to ensure that the coils can be placed inside the helical spring and do not contact the spring structure with each other, so as to ensure that when the middle ring magnet 2 reciprocates near the first set of helical springs and the second set of helical springs, an obvious electromagnetic induction phenomenon can be generated, and thus a larger energy output can be realized.

[0037] The two sets of coils are connected in series, and the coils at both ends of the coil bobbin 5 are wound in opposite directions respectively. The main advantage of this design is that the series connection can effectively superimpose the induced electromotive forces of each coil, so as to achieve a higher voltage output. In addition, the series circuit has a unified current path, reducing the energy loss caused by current shunting, and thus improving the energy collection efficiency of the system. Although the coils with the same winding direction connected in series are prone to inter-well oscillation under low excitation levels, this has a positive effect on the startup and stability of the system under low excitation conditions. In contrast, the coils with opposite winding directions can generate a larger output voltage under high load resistance and high excitation conditions due to their higher electromagnetic coupling coefficient, thus significantly improving the energy collection efficiency. Therefore, the coil design adopted in this application, which is connected in series with opposite winding directions, can achieve a higher voltage output under high excitation and large load resistance conditions and optimize the energy collection performance. The wire diameter and number of turns of the coil can be designed and adjusted according to the actual requirements and size limitations of different application scenarios.

[0038] (4)Helical spring The helical springs in the present invention adopt ordinary compression springs, and two springs are provided in total. Moreover, the two springs are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower positions of the protective shell. Among them, the first helical spring located at the upper end of the coil bobbin 5 is fixedly arranged below the end ring magnet 1, and the upper end of the first helical spring is fixed in the circular large groove at the upper part of the protective shell 6; the second helical spring located at the lower end of the coil bobbin 5 is fixedly arranged below the middle ring magnet 2, and the lower end of the second helical spring is fixed in the circular large groove at the lower part of the protective shell 6; The materials of the first and second helical springs are both non-magnetic metal materials, such as copper or copper alloy, etc. The outer diameters of the first and second helical springs need to be larger than the inner diameter of the annular magnet 2, and at the same time, the outer diameters of the two helical springs need to be smaller than the outer diameter of the middle annular magnet 2. During specific implementation, parameters such as wire diameter and number of turns can be designed and adjusted according to the elastic coefficient requirements of different application scenarios.

[0039] (5)Annular magnet The annular magnets in the present invention are permanent magnet materials (neodymium magnets) with smooth exteriors, and there are two in total.

[0040] Among them, the end annular magnet 1 is a fixed magnet, which is fixedly arranged in the groove at the top of the protective shell 6; the middle annular magnet 2 is a movable magnet, located in the middle of the protective shell, and it can move bidirectionally along the axial direction of the coil skeleton 5 between the two springs. The axes of the end annular magnet 1 and the middle annular magnet 2 coincide, and both are set to be axially magnetized. The magnetic poles between the end annular magnet 1 and the middle annular magnet 2 attract each other, so that through the gravitational force between them, the middle annular magnet 2 is driven to accelerate upward to move to form a stable point, and a larger induced current is excited and obtained. Specifically, in this application, the S pole of the end annular magnet 1 can be close to the N pole of the middle annular magnet 2.

[0041] To facilitate the installation and movement of the annular magnet, in this application, the outer diameter of the end annular magnet 1 is generally set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the protective shell 6, and its outer diameter is set to be larger than the inner diameter of the middle annular magnet 2, so as to ensure that the middle annular magnet 2 is always affected by the attractive force of the other magnet during the movement process, and to avoid magnetic repulsion when the distance between the two is too close.

[0042] The outer diameter of the middle annular magnet 2 should be smaller than the inner diameter of the protective shell 5 to facilitate its movement.

[0043] During specific installation, the specific dimensions (inner and outer diameters and thickness) of the two magnets can be designed and adjusted according to the requirements of the actual application scenario.

[0044] (5)Copper beads In the present invention, to ensure that the middle annular magnet 2 can move flexibly in the protective shell 5, generally a rolling device is also provided on the outer periphery of the middle annular magnet 2. The rolling device rotates along the inner wall of the protective shell 6, so that the middle annular magnet 2 reciprocates along the axis direction of the coil skeleton 5.

[0045] Considering the convenience of installation and the simplicity of the structure, the rolling device can generally be set as copper beads 7 embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the middle annular magnet 2. The copper beads are evenly fixed on the periphery of the annular magnet 2 through a high-strength bonding material, and high-purity copper or copper alloy materials are used, which are subjected to surface treatment (such as electroplating, polishing, etc.). The number, size and adhesion spacing of the copper beads can be designed and adjusted according to the requirements of the actual application scenario.

[0046] The applicant conducted experiments based on the above-mentioned electromagnetic energy collector with coaxial double-ring permanent magnets. During the experiment, the installation environment of the energy collector was simulated, and it was vertically placed during use to verify the implementation effect of the electromagnetic energy collector proposed by the present invention.

[0047] Specifically refer to Figure 3 : When the input amplitude is 24.525 m / s 2 , and the sinusoidal vibration excitation has a frequency in the range of 5 - 25 Hz, the obtained output voltage gradually increases. When the input frequency is 20 Hz and the amplitude is 9.81 - 29.43 m / s 2 of the sinusoidal vibration excitation, the obtained output voltage is as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen that the output voltage is as high as -22 ~ +28 V, with a relatively high energy conversion efficiency.

[0048] In the sweep frequency experiment, when the input sinusoidal sweep frequency excitation signal has a sweep frequency range that linearly increases from 5 Hz to 55 Hz and the excitation signal amplitude is 24.525 m / s 2 , the obtained experimental results are as Figure 5 shown. When the sweep frequency range linearly decreases from 55 Hz to 5 Hz and the excitation signal amplitude is 24.525 m / s 2 , the obtained experimental results are as Figure 6 shown.

[0049] The results of the embodiments show that the electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets of the present invention exhibits excellent broadband response characteristics in the range of 5 Hz to 32 Hz and can effectively achieve high-efficiency energy conversion.

[0050] In summary, the working principle of the electromagnetic energy collector provided in this application is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. Through the reciprocating motion of the annular magnet, an electromotive force is induced in the surrounding coil, thereby realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. In the design of the device, the end annular magnet 1 fixed at the top and the middle annular magnet 2 that can move freely are particularly used to make full use of the synergistic effect of gravity and magnetic force, so that the system can achieve high-efficiency performance in the capture and conversion of vibration energy.

[0051] When an external vibration or excitation source acts on the device, the middle ring magnet 2 reciprocates axially in the protective shell. During the downward movement, gravity is the main driving force, causing the middle ring magnet 2 to gradually accelerate towards the bottom position of the protective shell. When the middle ring magnet 2 starts to move upward, the magnetic force of the end ring magnet 1 fixed at the top gradually appears and significantly increases. At this time, the magnetic force becomes the main driving force, prompting the middle ring magnet 2 to accelerate towards the top of the protective shell. During the entire movement process, when the middle ring magnet 2 touches the helical spring, the spring will be compressed and store elastic energy, and at the same time generate a reverse elastic force to act on the middle ring magnet 2.

[0052] As the spring is further compressed, the elastic force of the spring gradually increases, and finally reaches a dynamic balance with the attractive force between the ring magnets and gravity and other interactions. At this time, the resultant force on the middle ring magnet 2 is the smallest, the acceleration is close to zero, and its moving speed reaches the maximum. In this state, the relative moving speed between the coil and the magnet is the largest, and the strongest induced electromotive force and induced current can be generated, thus achieving the most efficient energy conversion.

[0053] The middle ring magnet 2 will form two stable positions at the top and bottom respectively during the movement process, that is, the two points with the lowest potential energy. At this time, the potential energy distribution of the system presents two obvious potential well structures, corresponding to the upper and lower stable states of the middle ring magnet 2 respectively. When the middle ring magnet 2 moves from one stable position to another stable position, its movement trajectory causes a significant change in the magnetic field, thereby generating a periodic magnetic flux fluctuation in the coil, further exciting a continuous induced voltage and induced current. Through this periodic movement, the system can continuously and effectively convert external vibration energy into electrical energy output.

[0054] In addition, copper beads are evenly distributed around the middle ring magnet 2. These copper beads optimize the inertial characteristics of the middle ring magnet 2 through their reasonable mass distribution, enabling it to maintain a more stable trajectory during the reciprocating movement. The addition of copper beads can effectively reduce the irregular swing of the middle ring magnet 2 caused by vibration, improve the movement smoothness, and thus improve the stability and energy conversion efficiency of the overall operation of the device.

[0055] The above is only the implementation mode of this application, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation to the patent scope of this application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of this application, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets, characterized in that: It includes: An end ring magnet (1) fixedly mounted on the top of the protective shell (6); A coil frame (5) is arranged inside the protective shell (6) and below the end annular magnet (1), and coils (4) are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the coil frame (5); A middle annular magnet (2) is sleeved in the middle of the coil frame (5) and reciprocates between the coils (4) at the upper and lower ends of the coil frame (5); A potential energy driving mechanism is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the coil frame (5) and is used to drive the middle annular magnet to move towards the middle of the coil frame (5).

2. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potential energy driving mechanism is an elastic device that provides elastic potential energy along the axial direction of the coil frame (5).

3. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic device is a coil spring (3).

4. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rolling device is also provided on the outer periphery of the middle annular magnet (2), and the rolling device rotates along the inner wall of the protective shell (6), so that the middle annular magnet (2) slides back and forth along the axis direction of the coil frame (5).

5. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The rolling device is a copper ball (7) embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the middle annular magnet (2).

6. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameters of the coils (4) located at the upper and lower ends of the coil frame (5) are both smaller than the inner diameters of the middle annular magnet (2) and the inner diameters of the spiral spring (3); and the coils at the two ends are connected in series and are wound in opposite directions.

7. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A first coil spring and a second coil spring are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the coil skeleton (5), wherein the first coil spring located at the upper end of the coil skeleton (5) is fixedly arranged below the end annular magnet (1), and the upper end of the first coil spring is fixed in a circular groove at the upper part of the protective shell (6); A second coil spring located at the lower end of the coil frame (5) is fixedly arranged below the middle annular magnet (2), and the lower end of the second coil spring is fixed in a circular groove at the lower part of the protective shell (6); The first and second coil springs are made of non-magnetic metal materials; The outer diameters of the first and second coil springs are both larger than the inner diameter of the middle annular magnet (2), and their outer diameters are also smaller than the outer diameter of the middle annular magnet (2).

8. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The end ring magnet (1) is a fixed magnet, which is fixedly arranged in a groove at the top of the protective shell (6); The middle annular magnet (2) moves bidirectionally between the two springs along the axial direction of the coil frame (5); The axis centers of the end annular magnet (1) and the middle annular magnet (2) coincide with each other, and both are axially magnetized, and the magnetic poles of the end annular magnet (1) and the middle annular magnet (2) attract each other.

9. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the end annular magnet (1) is smaller than the outer diameter of the protective shell (6) and larger than the inner diameter of the middle annular magnet (2); The outer diameter of the middle annular magnet (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the protective shell (6).

10. The electromagnetic energy collector based on coaxial double-ring permanent magnets as described in claims 1-9, characterized in that: The protective shell is a hollow cylinder, and two circular grooves are respectively provided at the bottom and top of the hollow cylinder for fixing the coil skeleton and the spiral spring; The end annular magnet (1) is fixed in another slot body above the top circular groove, and a preset distance is maintained between the bottom of the other slot body and the top of the circular groove; The material of the protective shell is non-magnetic material.

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