Optical communication system and communication method for vehicle BIST

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical communication system and method for a vehicle BIST, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the system comprises a main controller which is used for outputting a first test signal; the first modulation-demodulation assembly is used for carrying out photoelectric modulation on a first level signal of the first test signal to obtain first optical signals with different phases; the first optical transceiver module is used for synthesizing the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal; the second optical transceiver module is used for splitting the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal; the second modulation-demodulation assembly is used for demodulating the third optical signal to obtain a second level signal; the communication conversion interface is used for encoding and packaging the second level signal to obtain a second test signal; and the ECU test interface is used for testing based on the second test signal to obtain a test result. According to the system provided by the invention, high-speed data communication among the modules can be realized, and high efficiency and reliability of communication are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an optical communication system and a communication method for vehicle BIST. Background Art

[0002] With the popular application of new energy vehicles, automobiles have developed towards the directions of intelligence, networking, and unmanned driving, etc. The degree of electronicization inside modern vehicles has been greatly improved compared with the past. There will be a relatively large number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) inside the vehicle to assist in realizing functions such as vehicle information collection, signal processing, information interaction, and real-time control. The functional completeness of each ECU module and the reliability of data communication between them are required to be higher and higher.

[0003] The currently adopted in-vehicle communication methods such as CAN, LIN, FlexRay, MOST, etc. buses can only be used for data communication between modules. Testing data transmission does not require understanding and implementing their frame formats, error handling, and arbitration mechanisms, and currently does not have a communication interface suitable for testing. Moreover, when it comes to test scenarios involving complex interactions of multiple devices and time-sensitive test scenarios, the current bus technology cannot meet the requirements for real-time data communication between each ECU module in the vehicle system Built-in Self-Test (BIST). Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an optical communication system and a communication method for vehicle BIST to achieve the purpose of high-speed data communication between modules in BIST.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an optical communication system for vehicle BIST, including: A main controller, a first modulation and demodulation component, a first optical transceiver module, a second optical transceiver module, a second modulation and demodulation component, a communication conversion interface, and an ECU test interface; The main controller is used to output a first test signal; The first modulation and demodulation component is used to perform optoelectronic modulation on the first level signal of the first test signal to obtain first optical signals with different phases; The first optical transceiver module is used to synthesize the first optical signals to obtain a second optical signal; The second optical transceiver module is used to split the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal; The second modulation and demodulation component is used to demodulate the third optical signal to obtain a second level signal; The communication conversion interface is used to encode and encapsulate the second level signal to obtain a second test signal; The ECU test interface is used to test the ECU based on the second test signal to obtain a test result.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the first modulation and demodulation component, the first optical transceiver module, and the second optical transceiver module are sequentially connected by an optical fiber; The second optical transceiver module and the second modulation and demodulation component are connected by an optical cable.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the first optical transceiver module includes a first beam splitter and a first combiner; The second optical transceiver module includes a second beam splitter and a second combiner.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the first beam splitter is connected to the second combiner by an optical fiber; The first combiner is connected to the second beam splitter by an optical fiber.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the ECU test interface is further used for: Transmitting the test result back to the main controller through the communication conversion interface, the second modulation and demodulation component, the second optical transceiver module, and the first optical transceiver module in sequence.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the ECU test interface is further used to send the test result to the communication conversion interface; The communication conversion interface is further used to decode the test result to obtain a third-level signal; The second modulation and demodulation component is further used to modulate the third-level signal to obtain a fourth optical signal; The second optical transceiver module is further used to synthesize the fourth optical signal to obtain a fifth optical signal; The first optical transceiver module is further used to split the fifth optical signal to obtain a sixth optical signal; The first modulation and demodulation component is further used to demodulate the sixth optical signal to obtain a fourth-level signal; The main controller is further used to receive the fourth-level signal.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the main controller is specifically used for: Outputting the first test signal through the IO port.

[0012] The present invention provides a communication method applied to the optical communication system for vehicle BIST in any of the above implementations, including: Optically modulate the acquired first test signal to obtain first optical signals with different phases; Combine the first optical signals to obtain a second optical signal; Split the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal; Demodulate the third optical signal to obtain a second level signal; Encode and encapsulate the second level signal to obtain a second test signal; Perform a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the performing a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result includes: Perform a function test or a performance test based on the second test signal to obtain the test result.

[0014] In a possible implementation, after performing a test based on the test signal to obtain a test result, it further includes: Transmit the test result back.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The optical communication system and communication method for vehicle BIST provided by the present invention optically modulate the first level signal of the first test signal output by the main controller through the first modulation and demodulation component to obtain first optical signals with different phases, synthesize the first optical signals by using the first optical transceiver module to obtain a second optical signal, split the second optical signal by using the second optical transceiver module to obtain a third optical signal, and demodulate the third optical signal by using the second modulation and demodulation component to obtain a second level signal, so as to encode and encapsulate the second level signal through the communication conversion interface to obtain a second test signal, and the ECU performs a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result. By mixing and transmitting multiple optical signals, the number of wirings required for decentralized transmission is reduced, thereby reducing the wiring cost. Through steps such as optical modulation, synthesis, splitting, demodulation, encoding and encapsulation, the test signal generated by the main controller is efficiently transmitted to the ECU and tested by the ECU, improving the efficiency and reliability of communication between vehicle internal modules, realizing high-speed data communication between modules, and utilizing the advantages of optical communication technology such as high-speed transmission and anti-interference ability to ensure the efficiency and reliability of communication. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical communication system for vehicle BIST provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical transceiver module provided by the present invention; Figure 3 One of the method flowcharts of an embodiment of a communication method provided by the present invention; Figure 4 The second of the method flowcharts of an embodiment of a communication method provided by the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. These three situations.

[0020] The descriptions such as "first" and "second" involved in the embodiments of the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the technical features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical communication system for vehicle BIST provided by the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the optical communication system for vehicle BIST includes: A main controller 110, a first modulation and demodulation component 120, a first optical transceiver module 130, a second optical transceiver module 140, a second modulation and demodulation component 150, a communication conversion interface 160, and an ECU test interface 170; The main controller 110 is used to output a first test signal; The first modulation and demodulation component 120 is used to perform optoelectronic modulation on the first level signal of the first test signal to obtain first optical signals with different phases; The first optical transceiver module 130 is used to synthesize the first optical signals to obtain second optical signals; The second optical transceiver module 140 is configured to split the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal; The second modulation and demodulation component 150 is configured to demodulate the third optical signal to obtain a second level signal; The communication conversion interface 160 is configured to encode and encapsulate the second level signal to obtain a second test signal; The ECU test interface 170 is configured to test the ECU based on the second test signal to obtain a test result.

[0022] The main controller can be composed of an FPGA and its external circuit, and is configured to output a first test signal. The first test signal can be a serial sequence signal or a parallel sequence signal. The first test signal can include test instructions for detecting the performance or function of the ECU.

[0023] The main controller can upload data to the cloud, dynamically adjust the test priority and targeted tests, and optimize the test efficiency.

[0024] The first modulation and demodulation component receives the first test signal output by the main controller, performs electro-optical modulation on the first level signal of the first test signal, and converts the electrical signal into an optical signal. By changing the phase of the light to represent different data bits, multiple first optical signals with different phases can be obtained.

[0025] The first optical transceiver module synthesizes the first optical signals to obtain a second optical signal. By combining multiple optical signals into a stronger signal, its transmission characteristics can be enhanced. Mixing and transmitting multiple optical signals can reduce the wiring cost caused by scattered transmission and also reduce the interference problems caused by complex signal paths.

[0026] The second optical transceiver module splits the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal. By splitting a second optical signal into multiple third optical signals, the third optical signals can be distributed to different transmission channels.

[0027] The second modulation and demodulation component demodulates the third optical signal to recover the second level signal, which is the inverse process of electro-optical modulation, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal for subsequent processing.

[0028] The communication conversion interface encodes and encapsulates the second level signal to obtain a second test signal. Encoding and encapsulation are to ensure that the signal can be correctly transmitted in the in-vehicle communication network and can be recognized and processed by the ECU.

[0029] After receiving the second test signal, the ECU test interface performs corresponding tests on the ECU according to the second test signal and then outputs the test result. The ECU is the electronic control unit inside the vehicle.

[0030] For example, after receiving the second test signal, the ECU performs tests according to its internal logic and functions, which may include function tests, diagnostic tests, communication tests, etc., to verify whether the functions of the ECU are normal.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the optical communication system for vehicle BIST provided by the embodiments of the present invention performs optoelectronic modulation on the first-level signal of the first test signal output by the main controller through the first modulation and demodulation component to obtain first optical signals with different phases, synthesizes the first optical signals by using the first optical transceiver module to obtain second optical signals, splits the second optical signals by using the second optical transceiver module to obtain third optical signals, and demodulates the third optical signals by using the second modulation and demodulation component to obtain second-level signals. Then, the second-level signals are encoded and encapsulated through the communication conversion interface to obtain second test signals. The ECU performs tests based on the second test signals to obtain test results. By mixing and transmitting multiple optical signals, the number of wirings required for decentralized transmission is reduced, thereby reducing the wiring cost. Through steps such as optoelectronic modulation, synthesis, splitting, demodulation, encoding, and encapsulation, the test signals generated by the main controller are efficiently transmitted to the ECU and tested by the ECU, improving the efficiency and reliability of communication between internal modules of the vehicle, achieving high-speed data communication between modules, and utilizing the advantages of optical communication technologies such as high-speed transmission and anti-interference ability to ensure the efficiency and reliability of communication.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first modulation and demodulation component, the first optical transceiver module, and the second optical transceiver module are sequentially connected by optical fibers; The second optical transceiver module and the second modulation and demodulation component are connected by an optical cable.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the first modulation and demodulation component is connected to the first optical transceiver module through an optical fiber, the first optical transceiver module is connected to the second optical transceiver module through an optical fiber, and the second optical transceiver module is connected to the second modulation and demodulation component through an optical cable.

[0034] The optical communication system for vehicle BIST provided by the embodiments of the present invention, through the connection method of optical fibers and optical cables, can be used for high-speed and long-distance data transmission, especially in application scenarios that require high bandwidth and low latency, ensuring the stability and reliability of data transmission. Moreover, compared with ordinary wire harnesses, optical fibers themselves have advantages such as high speed and high anti-interference ability.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first optical transceiver module includes a first beam splitter and a first combiner; The second optical transceiver module includes a second beam splitter and a second combiner.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first beam splitter and the second beam combiner are connected by an optical fiber; The first beam combiner and the second beam splitter are connected by an optical fiber.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical transceiver module provided by the present invention. As Figure 2 shown, the first optical transceiver module includes a first beam splitter and a first beam combiner. The first beam combiner serves as the input end of the first optical transceiver module and is used to receive multiple optical signals emitted by the first modulation and demodulation component, and combine them into a single optical signal for transmission.

[0038] The second optical transceiver module includes a second beam splitter and a second beam combiner. The second beam splitter serves as the input end of the second optical transceiver module. The optical signal received by the first optical transceiver module is split and then transmitted via an optical cable, and then separated according to the transmission channels and sent to the second modulation and demodulation component.

[0039] Each optical signal is demodulated into an electrical signal by the second modulation and demodulation component, and the electrical signal is encoded and encapsulated into a corresponding second test signal through the communication conversion interface and sent to the ECU.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ECU test interface is further used for: Sequentially transmitting the test result back to the main controller through the communication conversion interface, the second modulation and demodulation component, the second optical transceiver module, and the first optical transceiver module.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ECU test interface is further used for sending the test result to the communication conversion interface; The communication conversion interface is further used for decoding the test result to obtain a third electrical signal; The second modulation and demodulation component is further used for modulating the third electrical signal to obtain a fourth optical signal; The second optical transceiver module is further used for combining the fourth optical signal to obtain a fifth optical signal; The first optical transceiver module is further used for splitting the fifth optical signal to obtain a sixth optical signal; The first modulation and demodulation component is further used for demodulating the sixth optical signal to obtain a fourth electrical signal; The main controller is further used for receiving the fourth electrical signal.

[0042] After the test is completed, the ECU test interface returns the test result, which is decoded by the communication conversion interface into a corresponding third electrical signal and sent back to the second modulation and demodulation component.

[0043] The second modulation and demodulation component modulates the third-level signal into a fourth optical signal, which is transmitted by an optical cable to the second beam combiner of the second optical transceiver module.

[0044] The second beam combiner combines the fourth optical signals into a fifth optical signal and transmits it to the first beam splitter of the first optical transceiver module.

[0045] The first beam splitter restores the optical signals of each channel to obtain a sixth optical signal, which is transmitted to the first modulation and demodulation component for demodulation to obtain a fourth-level signal, and then sent to the main controller for processing.

[0046] The optical communication system for vehicle BIST provided by the embodiment of the present invention provides an optical fiber communication data interface for each ECU module of the vehicle, realizes high-speed data communication between modules, and simplifies the topological structure of the optical fiber wiring in the vehicle. At the same time, optical fiber transmission has advantages such as high speed and high anti-interference, reducing the interference problems caused by complex signal paths.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the main controller is specifically configured to: Output the first test signal through the IO port.

[0048] The main controller is composed of an FPGA and its external circuit, and is used to generate test signals and receive test results. When starting the test, the IO port of the FPGA outputs the first test signal.

[0049] The level signal of the first test signal is received by the first modulation and demodulation component, and through photoelectric modulation, the level signal is converted into optical signals with different phases and transmitted to the first optical transceiver module.

[0050] Figure 3 One of the method flowcharts of an embodiment of the communication method provided by the present invention is as Figure 3 shown, and the communication method includes: S301. Perform photoelectric modulation on the first level signal of the obtained first test signal to obtain a first optical signal with different phases; S302. Synthesize the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal; S303. Split the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal; S304. Demodulate the third optical signal to obtain a second level signal; S305. Encode and encapsulate the second level signal to obtain a second test signal; S306. Perform a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result.

[0051] The execution subject of the communication method provided by the present invention can be the optical communication system for vehicle BIST described in any of the above implementation manners.

[0052] In S301, a first test signal can be output by the main controller, which can be composed of an FPGA and its external circuit. The first test signal can contain test instructions for detecting the performance or functions of the ECU.

[0053] The first test signal output by the main controller can be received by the first modulation and demodulation component, and the first-level signal of the first test signal can be optically modulated to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal. By changing the phase of the light to represent different data bits, a plurality of first optical signals with different phases can be obtained.

[0054] In S302, the first optical signal can be synthesized by the first optical transceiver module to obtain a second optical signal. By combining a plurality of optical signals into a stronger signal, its transmission characteristics can be enhanced.

[0055] In S303, the second optical signal can be split by the second optical transceiver module to obtain a third optical signal. By splitting a beam of the second optical signal into multiple beams of the third optical signal, the third optical signal can be distributed to different transmission channels.

[0056] In S304, the third optical signal can be demodulated by the second modulation and demodulation component to recover the second-level signal, which is the reverse process of optical modulation, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal for subsequent processing.

[0057] In S305, the second-level signal can be encoded and encapsulated by the communication conversion interface to obtain a second test signal. Encoding and encapsulation are to ensure that the signal can be correctly transmitted in the in-vehicle communication network and can be recognized and processed by the ECU.

[0058] In S306, the ECU can receive the second test signal through the ECU test interface and perform corresponding tests, and then output the test results. For example, after receiving the second test signal, the ECU can perform tests according to its internal logic and functions, which can include function tests, diagnostic tests, communication tests, etc., to verify whether the functions of the ECU are normal.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention performs optoelectronic modulation on the first-level signal of the first test signal output by the main controller through the first modulation and demodulation component to obtain first optical signals with different phases, synthesizes the first optical signals by using the first optical transceiver module to obtain a second optical signal, splits the second optical signal by using the second optical transceiver module to obtain a third optical signal, and demodulates the third optical signal through the second modulation and demodulation component to obtain a second-level signal. Then, the second-level signal is encoded and encapsulated through the communication conversion interface to obtain a second test signal. The ECU performs a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result. By mixing and transmitting multiple optical signals, the number of wirings required for dispersed transmission is reduced, thereby reducing the wiring cost. Through steps such as optoelectronic modulation, synthesis, splitting, demodulation, encoding, and encapsulation, the test signal generated by the main controller is efficiently transmitted to the ECU and tested by the ECU, improving the efficiency and reliability of communication between internal modules of the vehicle, achieving high-speed data communication between modules, and leveraging the advantages of optical communication technology, such as high-speed transmission and anti-interference ability, to ensure the efficiency and reliability of communication.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the performing a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result includes: Performing a function test or a performance test based on the second test signal to obtain the test result.

[0061] The ECU can perform a function test or a performance test according to the second test signal to obtain a test result.

[0062] The function test is used to verify whether the ECU can correctly execute preset functions, such as reading sensor data, controlling actuators, etc.

[0063] The performance test is used to evaluate the performance of the ECU under different working conditions and environments, including indicators such as acceleration performance, driving stability, and fuel economy. By comparing the actual test data with the standard values, it is determined whether the performance of the ECU meets the requirements.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the performing a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result, it further includes: Transmitting back the test result.

[0065] After the test is completed, the ECU returns the test result, which is decoded by the communication conversion interface into the corresponding level signal and transmitted back to the second modulation and demodulation component.

[0066] The second modulation and demodulation component converts the level signal into an optical signal and transmits it through an optical cable to the second beam combiner of the second optical transceiver module. The second beam combiner combines the optical signals into one optical signal and transmits it to the first beam splitter of the first optical transceiver module, restores the optical signals of each channel and transmits them to the first modulation and demodulation component for demodulation, and then sends them to the main controller for processing.

[0067] In addition, the present invention also provides a fiber optic communication system topology, a signal modulation and demodulation method, and a communication conversion interface circuit for vehicle built-in self-test functions. The communication system consists of main devices such as a control module, a multimode optical fiber, a modulation and demodulation component, a wavelength division multiplexer, and a wavelength division multiplexer. Figure 4 This is the second flowchart of the method for an embodiment of the communication method provided by the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, including: S401. At the start of the test, the main controller outputs test signals through each IO; S402. The test signals are electro-optically modulated into optical signals with different phases and output; S403. Multiple optical signals are combined into one optical signal and transmitted; S404. The combined optical signal is decomposed into each channel for demodulation into electrical signals; S405. The electrical signals are encoded and encapsulated through the communication interface and sent to the ECU; S406. The ECU returns the test result and the test ends.

[0068] The optical communication system and communication method for vehicle BIST provided by the present invention provide a fiber optic communication data interface for each ECU module of the vehicle, realize high-speed data communication between modules, and simplify the topology of the optical fiber wiring in the vehicle, and have the following advantages: 1. The discrimination of ECU signal acquisition is high. The overall point-to-multipoint communication method and modular design make subsequent maintenance easier.

[0069] 2. Each ECU signal is acquired separately, and the conversion from electrical signal to optical signal can be carried out according to different communication protocols, with stronger adaptability.

[0070] 3. The mixed transmission of multiple optical signals reduces the wiring cost caused by decentralized transmission and also reduces the interference problems caused by complex signal paths.

[0071] 4. Compared with ordinary wire harnesses, optical fibers themselves have advantages such as high speed and high anti-interference.

[0072] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware (such as a processor, a controller, etc.) through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Among them, the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0073] The above has introduced in detail the optical communication system and communication method for vehicle BIST provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical communication system for vehicle BIST, characterized in that: include: A main controller, a first modem component, a first optical transceiver module, a second optical transceiver module, a second modem component, a communication conversion interface and an ECU test interface; The main controller is used to output a first test signal; The first modulation and demodulation component is used to perform photoelectric modulation on the first level signal of the first test signal to obtain first optical signals with different phases; The first optical transceiver module is used to synthesize the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal; The second optical transceiver module is used to split the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal; The second modulation and demodulation component is used to demodulate the third optical signal to obtain a second level signal; The communication conversion interface is used to encode and encapsulate the second level signal to obtain a second test signal; The ECU test interface is used to test the ECU based on the second test signal to obtain a test result.

2. The optical communication system for vehicle BIST according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first modem component, the first optical transceiver module and the second optical transceiver module are sequentially connected via optical fibers; The second optical transceiver module and the second modem component are connected via an optical cable.

3. The optical communication system for vehicle BIST according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first optical transceiver module includes a first beam splitter and a first beam combiner; The second optical transceiver module includes a second beam splitter and a second beam combiner.

4. The optical communication system for vehicle BIST according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first beam splitter and the second beam combiner are connected via an optical fiber; The first beam combiner and the second beam splitter are connected via an optical fiber.

5. The optical communication system for vehicle BIST according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ECU test interface is also used for: The test result is transmitted back to the main controller in sequence through the communication conversion interface, the second modulation and demodulation component, the second optical transceiver module and the first optical transceiver module.

6. The optical communication system for vehicle BIST according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ECU test interface is further used to send the test result to the communication conversion interface; The communication conversion interface is further used to decode the test result to obtain a third level signal; The second modulation and demodulation component is further used to modulate the third level signal to obtain a fourth optical signal; The second optical transceiver module is further used to synthesize the fourth optical signal to obtain a fifth optical signal; The first optical transceiver module is further used to split the fifth optical signal to obtain a sixth optical signal; The first modulation and demodulation component is further used to demodulate the sixth optical signal to obtain a fourth level signal; The main controller is further used to receive the fourth level signal.

7. The optical communication system for vehicle BIST according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main controller is specifically used for: The first test signal is output through the IO port.

8. A communication method, characterized in that: The optical communication system for vehicle BIST as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: Performing photoelectric modulation on the first level signal of the acquired first test signal to obtain first optical signals with different phases; synthesizing the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal; Splitting the second optical signal to obtain a third optical signal; Demodulating the third optical signal to obtain a second level signal; Encoding and packaging the second level signal to obtain a second test signal; A test is performed based on the second test signal to obtain a test result.

9. The communication method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The performing a test based on the second test signal to obtain a test result includes: A functional test or a performance test is performed based on the second test signal to obtain the test result.

10. The communication method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the test is performed based on the test signal to obtain the test result, the method further includes: The test result is transmitted back.

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