Distributed underground data storage system and storage method based on EtherCAT bus

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed underground data storage system and a distributed underground data storage method based on an EtherCAT bus. Belongs to the technical field of logging systems, and comprises a logging system and an EtherCAT bus network, the EtherCAT bus network comprises a slave station node of an EtherCAT bus and a master station node of the EtherCAT bus, and the logging system comprises a plurality of underground logging instruments; each underground logging instrument is in communication connection with one slave station node of the EtherCAT bus, the slave station nodes are sequentially connected in series, all the underground logging instruments are jointly in communication connection with one end of one master station node of the EtherCAT bus, and the other end of the master station node is in communication connection with a telemetry system; a slave station node of the EtherCAT bus is a node storage circuit board; and a master station node of the EtherCAT bus is an integral storage circuit board. Overall data of all underground instruments are collected and stored in real time through EtherCAT bus communication, and dual-backup reliable storage and reading of logging data are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of logging systems, and particularly relates to a distributed downhole data storage system and a storage method based on the EtherCAT bus. Background Art

[0002] Well logging is an engineering technology that uses various instruments to measure the petrophysical parameters of downhole formations and the wellbore conditions during the exploration and exploitation of underground minerals such as oil, natural gas, coal, and mines. A well logging system generally consists of multiple downhole instruments, a data telemetry system, a long cable, and a surface system. The downhole instruments transmit the measured data to the telemetry system through the downhole bus. After the telemetry system aggregates the data of each instrument, the data is transmitted to the surface system through the long cable by using ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) technology. Currently, the downhole bus usually adopts the CAN (Controller Area Network) bus, and the maximum data communication rate is 1 Mbps; the telemetry system is restricted by the cable length, usually above 7000 m, and the modulation and demodulation technology, and the maximum communication rate is generally within 1 Mbps.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous extension of oil and gas exploration and development into complex fields, the formation interpretation has developed towards the refined direction of orientation, quantification, and high resolution, and the logging instruments have also developed towards the imaging direction, from the previous two-dimensional image detection of the wellbore wall to the three-dimensional image detection. Therefore, the sensors of logging instruments have developed towards the array and multi-dimensional directions, and the amount of logging data has increased by several orders of magnitude compared with the past. The current communication rates of the downhole bus and telemetry are difficult to meet the increasing data volume requirements of downhole instruments. The storage well logging that stores the logging data in the storage medium of the downhole instrument in real time and then reads out the data for post-processing has become an urgent need for the development of logging technology.

[0004] The EtherCAT (Ethernet Control Automation Technology) fieldbus protocol is an industrial Ethernet standard proposed by Beckhoff Automation GmbH in Germany in 2003. It has the characteristics of high speed and high data efficiency, and supports multiple device connection topologies. Its slave nodes use dedicated control chips, and the master station uses a standard Ethernet controller. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem that downhole logging instruments cannot communicate with large amounts of data, and proposes a distributed downhole data storage system and a storage method based on the EtherCAT bus.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A distributed downhole data storage system based on EtherCAT bus, including a logging system and an EtherCAT bus network. The EtherCAT bus network includes slave nodes of the EtherCAT bus and a master node of the EtherCAT bus. The logging system includes several downhole logging instruments; each downhole logging instrument is communicatively connected to a slave node of the EtherCAT bus. The slave nodes are connected in series in sequence. All the downhole logging instruments are commonly communicatively connected to one end of the master node of the EtherCAT bus. The other end of the master node is communicatively connected to a telemetry system; the slave node of the EtherCAT bus is a node storage circuit board; the master node of the EtherCAT bus is an overall storage circuit board.

[0008] Further, the node storage circuit board is equipped with a microcontroller circuit. The SPI interface of the microcontroller circuit is connected to an EtherCAT bus slave control chip. The media-independent interface of the EtherCAT bus slave control chip is extended to connect an Ethernet external signal interface chip and a network transformer to form an Ethernet transceiver port. The microcontroller circuit is connected to a non-volatile storage medium, a communication interface, and a USB controller. The USB controller is connected to a data readout interface.

[0009] Further, the communication interface is bus-connected to the acquisition control circuit of the downhole logging instrument. The bus includes an SPI bus, a CAN bus, or an RS485 bus. The data readout interface is connected to an upper computer.

[0010] Further, the Ethernet transceiver port includes Port 1 and Port 2. Port 1 is used for the connection of the current EtherCAT bus slave node to the previous EtherCAT bus slave node. Port 2 is used for the connection of the current EtherCAT bus slave node to the subsequent EtherCAT bus slave node. All the node storage circuits form a linear topology structure.

[0011] Further, the overall storage circuit board is equipped with a microcontroller circuit. The microcontroller circuit is connected to an Ethernet media access controller. The media-independent interface of the Ethernet media access controller is extended to connect an Ethernet external signal interface chip and a network transformer to form an Ethernet transceiver port. The microcontroller circuit is connected to a non-volatile storage medium, a bus transceiver, and a USB controller. The USB controller is connected to a data readout interface. The data readout interface is connected to an upper computer. The Ethernet transceiver port is communicatively connected to the slave node. The bus transceiver is bus-connected to the telemetry system. The bus includes a CAN bus.

[0012] A distributed downhole data storage method based on EtherCAT bus includes the following steps: An address is set for the node storage circuit board connected to each downhole logging instrument as the device address of the EtherCAT slave node device;

[0013] Start the logging system, and the logging instruments start to work. The node storage board of each downhole logging instrument reads the measurement data of the control acquisition circuit of each downhole logging instrument in real time through the SPI interface of the microcontroller circuit. The node storage board writes the measurement data into the non-volatile storage medium inside the node storage board and into the process data of the EtherCAT slave control chip inside the node storage board;

[0014] The overall storage board serves as the EtherCAT master node and periodically sends data read message frames. Within one communication cycle, the message frames sequentially pass through each slave node. The EtherCAT slave control chip of the slave node parses the device address, command, data address length, etc. in the message frame, fills the process data into the data area of the sub-message, and continues to transmit it to the next slave node;

[0015] When the data frame reaches the last slave node, it returns and feeds back the return frame to the master node through the first slave node;

[0016] After the master node receives the return frame, it writes the data of the received return frame into the internal non-volatile storage medium of the master node to achieve the total storage of all logging instrument data.

[0017] Furthermore, the message frame is divided into different sub-messages according to the data volume of each logging instrument and the different data refresh times of each logging instrument. The sub-message includes the target slave device address, read / write command and addressing mode, data length, and data area;

[0018] After the total storage of all logging instrument data is completed, the overall storage board and all node storage boards are respectively connected to a calculator through the USB interface, read out the total storage data or backup data, and then convert it into a file for processing and interpretation.

[0019] Furthermore, the data transmission time of the logging system is calculated as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, N is the number of downhole logging instruments in the logging system, T d is the data transmission time, P is the common overhead in the EtherCAT bus data frame, L is the amount of logging data required to be stored by each downhole logging instrument within one communication cycle, and Bw is the standard Ethernet bandwidth of 100 Mbps.

[0022] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a distributed downhole data storage method based on the EtherCAT bus as described above.

[0023] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements a distributed downhole data storage method based on the EtherCAT bus as described above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] A distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus proposed by the present invention, while storing node data of each logging instrument, can collect and store the overall data of all downhole instruments in real time through EtherCAT bus communication, realizing reliable dual-backup storage and reading of logging data. The EtherCAT bus is based on the standard Ethernet physical layer, and the communication rate can reach 100 Mbps, far exceeding the 1 Mbps communication rate of the CAN bus, solving the problem that downhole logging instruments cannot communicate with large amounts of data, and providing the possibility for the overall storage of downhole logging data.

[0026] The present invention constructs a distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus, solves the storage problem of logging instruments under large amounts of data, and realizes reliable dual-backup storage of large amounts of downhole data.

[0027] The present invention only needs to connect the node storage circuit board to the existing logging instrument through common bus interfaces such as SPI (full-duplex synchronous serial), RS485 (2-wire half-duplex balanced transmission line multi-point communication), CAN, etc., and add an overall storage circuit board to form an Ethernet system based on the EtherCAT bus, then the existing logging system can be transformed into a storage-type logging system without major modifications.

[0028] The present invention makes full use of the advantages of the EtherCAT bus transmission mechanism, and the bus transmission efficiency is high. The data frame must pass through each slave station twice before returning to the master station. The time for the data packet to be transmitted twice on the network at a fixed baud rate of 100 Mbps is the bus refresh time. The EtherCAT bus is an Ethernet frame with a maximum length of 1518 bytes, and the maximum transmission time can be calculated to be about 243 us. The measurement data refresh time of downhole instruments is generally in the order of dozens of milliseconds or even seconds, so it fully meets the real-time requirements of downhole instruments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings of the specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow diagram of a distributed downhole data storage method based on the EtherCAT bus according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device of a distributed downhole data storage method based on the EtherCAT bus according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is the circuit composition structure of the node storage circuit board according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is the circuit composition structure of the overall storage circuit board according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the EtherCAT message structure and transmission according to the present invention. Detailed embodiments

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0037] The following detailed descriptions are all exemplary descriptions, aiming to provide a further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms adopted by the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0038] See Figure 1, A distributed downhole data storage system based on EtherCAT bus, including a logging system and an EtherCAT bus network. The EtherCAT bus network includes slave nodes of the EtherCAT bus and a master node of the EtherCAT bus. The logging system includes several downhole logging instruments; each downhole logging instrument is communicatively connected to a slave node of the EtherCAT bus, and the slave nodes are connected in series in sequence. All downhole logging instruments are commonly communicatively connected to one end of a master node of the EtherCAT bus, and the other end of the master node is communicatively connected to a telemetry system; the slave node of the EtherCAT bus is a node storage circuit board; the master node of the EtherCAT bus is an overall storage circuit board.

[0039] The node storage circuit board is equipped with a microcontroller circuit. The SPI interface of the microcontroller circuit is connected to the EtherCAT bus slave control chip. The media-independent interface of the EtherCAT bus slave control chip is extended to connect to an Ethernet external signal interface chip and a network transformer to form an Ethernet transceiver port. The microcontroller circuit is connected to a non-volatile storage medium, a communication interface, and a USB controller. The USB controller is connected to a data readout interface.

[0040] The communication interface is bus-connected to the acquisition control circuit of the downhole logging instrument. The bus includes an SPI bus, a CAN bus, or an RS485 bus. The data readout interface is connected to an upper computer.

[0041] The Ethernet transceiver port includes Port 1 and Port 2. Port 1 is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the previous EtherCAT bus slave node. Port 2 is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the subsequent EtherCAT bus slave node. All node storage circuits form a linear topology structure.

[0042] The overall storage circuit board is equipped with a microcontroller circuit. The microcontroller circuit is connected to an Ethernet media access controller. The media-independent interface of the Ethernet media access controller is extended to connect to an Ethernet external signal interface chip and a network transformer to form an Ethernet transceiver port. The microcontroller circuit is connected to a non-volatile storage medium, a bus transceiver, and a USB controller. The USB controller is connected to a data readout interface. The data readout interface is connected to an upper computer. The Ethernet transceiver port is communicatively connected to the slave node. The bus transceiver is bus-connected to the telemetry system. The bus includes a CAN bus.

[0043] See Figure 2 , A distributed downhole data storage method based on EtherCAT bus, including the following steps: Set an address for the node storage circuit board connected to each downhole logging instrument as the device address of the EtherCAT slave node device;

[0044] Start the logging system, and the logging instrument starts to work. The node storage board of each downhole logging instrument reads the measurement data of the control acquisition circuit of each downhole logging instrument in real time through the SPI interface of the microcontroller circuit. The node storage board writes the measurement data into the non-volatile storage medium inside the node storage board and the process data of the EtherCAT slave control chip inside the node storage board;

[0045] The overall storage board acts as an EtherCAT master node and periodically sends data reading message frames. Within a communication cycle, the message frames sequentially pass through each slave node. The EtherCAT slave control chip of the slave node parses the device address, command, data address length, etc. in the message frame, fills the process data into the data area of the sub-message, and continues to transmit it to the next slave node;

[0046] When the data frame is sent to the last slave node and then returns, and the return frame is fed back to the master node through the first slave node;

[0047] After the master node receives the return frame, it writes the data of the received return frame into the internal non-volatile storage medium of the master node to achieve the total storage of all logging instrument data.

[0048] The message frame is divided into different sub-messages according to the data volume of each logging instrument and the different data refresh times of each logging instrument. The sub-message includes the target slave device address, read / write command and addressing mode, data length, and data area;

[0049] After the total storage of all logging instrument data is completed, the overall storage board and all node storage boards are respectively connected to the calculator through the USB interface, read out the total storage data or backup data, and then convert it into a file for processing and interpretation.

[0050] The data transmission time of the logging system is calculated as follows:

[0051]

[0052] where N is the number of downhole logging instruments in the logging system, T d is the data transmission time, P is the common overhead in the EtherCAT bus data frame, L is the amount of logging data required to be stored by each downhole logging instrument within a communication cycle, and Bw is the standard Ethernet bandwidth of 100 Mbps.

[0053] See Figure 3 , an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a distributed downhole data storage method based on the EtherCAT bus.

[0054] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, a distributed downhole data storage method based on the EtherCAT bus is implemented.

[0055] The following embodiments are further described in detail to explain the present invention:

[0056] See Figure 1 , a distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus, including:

[0057] For a logging system with N downhole instruments, each downhole instrument is configured with a node storage circuit board, and at the same time, an overall storage board is configured for all instruments. Each node storage circuit board is connected in series with the overall storage board to form an EtherCAT bus network.

[0058] See Figure 4 , the node storage circuit board serves as a slave node of the EtherCAT bus and includes the following parts: a microcontroller circuit, an EtherCAT slave control chip (ECS chip), two Ethernet PHY chips extended by the ECS chip to implement two Ethernet transceiver ports, a non-volatile large-capacity storage medium, a communication interface for data exchange with the downhole instrument, and a data reading interface. The Ethernet transceiver ports include port 1 and port 2. Port 1 is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the previous EtherCAT bus slave node, and port 2 is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the subsequent EtherCAT bus slave node. All storage circuit nodes form a linear topology structure.

[0059] See Figure 5 , the overall data storage circuit board serves as the master node of the EtherCAT bus. It includes the following parts: a microcontroller circuit, an Ethernet MAC controller, an Ethernet PHY chip to implement one Ethernet transceiver port, a non-volatile large-capacity storage medium, a communication interface with the telemetry system, and a data reading interface. The Ethernet transceiver port realizes communication with the EtherCAT bus slave, that is, the node storage circuit board.

[0060] The node storage circuit board communicates with the downhole instrument where it is located, receives the acquisition data from the instrument in real time, and writes the data into the internal storage medium to realize the separate storage of the data of each instrument.

[0061] See Figure 6, the overall storage board, as an EtherCAT master, periodically sends data read message frames. Within a communication cycle, the master sends Ethernet data frames to sequentially pass through each slave station. After the data frame reaches the slave station, each slave station writes the data that needs to be stored by the instrument located there into the data frame. When the data frame is sent to the last slave station and then returns, it returns to the master station through the first slave station. After the master station receives the returned frame, it writes the received data into the internal storage medium to achieve the total storage of all logging instrument data.

[0062] The overall storage board and each node storage board achieve double-backup storage of the logging data of the instrument. After logging, both the main storage and the backup storage data can be read out by the computer through the data reading interface.

[0063] For a logging system with N downhole instruments, the data transmission time is given by the formula:

[0064]

[0065] Td is the data transmission time, P is the common overhead in the EtherCAT bus data frame, L is the amount of logging data required to be stored by each instrument within a communication cycle, and Bw is the standard Ethernet bandwidth, i.e., 100 Mbps. The EtherCAT bus is an Ethernet frame with a maximum length of 1518 bytes, and it can be calculated that the maximum transmission time is approximately 243 us. The measurement data refresh time of downhole instruments is generally in the order of tens of milliseconds or even several seconds, so it fully meets the real-time requirements of downhole instruments. It realizes the large-data-volume and double-backup reliable storage of the overall data and single-instrument data of downhole instruments.

[0066] Optionally, for a logging system with N downhole instruments, each downhole instrument is configured with a node storage circuit board, and at the same time, an overall storage board is configured for all instruments. Each node storage circuit board is connected in series with the overall storage board to form an EtherCAT bus network. As Figure 1 shown.

[0067] The node storage circuit board, as a slave node of the EtherCAT bus, includes the following parts: a microcontroller circuit, an EtherCAT slave control chip (ECS chip), 2 Ethernet PHY chips, 2 Ethernet transceiver ports, a non-volatile large-capacity storage medium, a communication interface for data exchange with downhole instruments, and a data reading interface.

[0068] The microcontroller realizes the connection with the ECS chip through the SPI interface. The ECS chip extends two Ethernet PHY chips and network transformers through two Media Independent Interfaces (MIIs) to implement two Ethernet transceiver ports, including Port 1 and Port 2. Port 1 is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the previous EtherCAT bus slave node, and Port 2 is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the subsequent EtherCAT bus slave node. All storage circuit nodes form a linear topology structure.

[0069] The microcontroller communicates with the downhole instrument acquisition control circuit through buses such as SPI, CAN, or RS485, periodically reads well logging data, and stores the data in a non-volatile large-capacity storage medium. The reading of node data is realized by the microcontroller expanding the USB interface. The microcontroller reads the data from the non-volatile storage medium and sends it out through the USB interface. As Figure 4 shown.

[0070] The overall data storage circuit board serves as the master node of the EtherCAT bus. It includes the following parts: microcontroller circuit, Ethernet MAC controller, Ethernet PHY chip, Ethernet transceiver port, non-volatile large-capacity storage medium, communication interface with the telemetry system, and data reading interface.

[0071] The microcontroller, through the internally or externally expanded Ethernet MAC controller, extends one Ethernet PHY chip and network transformer through the Media Independent Interface (MII) to implement one Ethernet transceiver port. The Ethernet transceiver port realizes communication with the node storage circuit board. The overall data storage board periodically obtains the measurement data of each node storage board through Ethernet and stores the data in a non-volatile large-capacity storage medium. The reading of the overall stored data is realized by the microcontroller expanding the USB interface. The microcontroller reads the data from the non-volatile storage medium and sends it out through the USB interface. The microcontroller communicates with the telemetry system through the CAN bus. As Figure 5 shown.

[0072] See Figure 2 , for the working process of a distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus:

[0073] Each storage board of the downhole instrument is set with an address as the EtherCAT slave device address.

[0074] After the system is powered on and the instrument starts to work, each node storage board of the downhole instrument reads the measurement data of each control and acquisition board in real time through the SPI bus. On the one hand, the node storage board writes the data into the non-volatile storage medium inside the board, and on the other hand, it writes the measurement data into the process data of the internal ECS chip.

[0075] The overall storage board, acting as an EtherCAT master, periodically sends out data reading message frames. The message frames can be divided into different sub - messages according to the data volume and data refresh time of each instrument. The sub - messages contain content such as the target slave device address, read - write command and addressing mode, data length, and data area. Within a communication cycle, the message frame sequentially passes through each slave station. The ECS chip of the slave station parses the device address, command, data address length, etc. in the message, fills the required process data into the data area of the corresponding sub - message, and continues to transmit it to the next slave station. When the data frame reaches the last slave station, it returns and then returns to the master station through the first slave station. After receiving the return frame, the master station writes the received data into the internal storage medium to achieve the total storage of data from all logging instruments. The data format and transmission process are as Figure 6 shown.

[0076] After logging, the computer can be connected to the overall storage board and each node storage board respectively through the USB interface, read out the total storage data or backup data, and then convert it into a file in the corresponding format for processing and interpretation.

[0077] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer - usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD - ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer - usable program code.

[0078] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general - purpose computer, a special - purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data - processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data - processing devices generate means for realizing the functions specified in Figure 1 one process or multiple processes and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0079] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer - readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data - processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer - readable memory generate a manufactured article including instruction means, and the instruction means realizes the functions in the process Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0080] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process. Thus, the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the specific implementation manners of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus, characterized in that, it includes a logging system and an EtherCAT bus network. The EtherCAT bus network includes slave nodes of the EtherCAT bus and a master node of the EtherCAT bus. The logging system includes several downhole logging instruments; each downhole logging instrument is communicatively connected to a slave node of the EtherCAT bus. The slave nodes are connected in series in sequence. All the downhole logging instruments are commonly communicatively connected to one end of the master node of the EtherCAT bus, and the other end of the master node is communicatively connected to a telemetry system; the slave node of the EtherCAT bus is a node storage circuit board; the master node of the EtherCAT bus is an overall storage circuit board.

2. The distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, the node storage circuit board is equipped with a microcontroller circuit. The SPI interface of the microcontroller circuit is connected to an EtherCAT bus slave control chip. The media-independent interface of the EtherCAT bus slave control chip is extended to connect an Ethernet external signal interface chip and a network transformer to form an Ethernet transceiver port. The microcontroller circuit is connected to a non-volatile storage medium, a communication interface, and a USB controller, and the USB controller is connected to a data readout interface.

3. The distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus according to claim 2, characterized in that, the communication interface is bus-connected to the acquisition control circuit of the downhole logging instrument. The bus includes an SPI bus, a CAN bus, or an RS485 bus, and the data readout interface is connected to an upper computer.

4. The distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus according to claim 2, characterized in that, the Ethernet transceiver port includes port one and port two. Port one is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the previous-level EtherCAT bus slave node, and port two is used for the connection between the current EtherCAT bus slave node and the subsequent-level EtherCAT bus slave node. All the node storage circuits form a linear topology structure.

5. The distributed downhole data storage system based on the EtherCAT bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall storage circuit board is installed with a microcontroller circuit, the microcontroller circuit is connected to an Ethernet media access controller, the media independent interface of the Ethernet media access controller is extended to connect an Ethernet external signal interface chip and a network transformer to form an Ethernet transceiver port, the microcontroller circuit is connected to a non-volatile storage medium, a bus transceiver, and a USB controller, the USB controller is connected to a data reading interface, the data reading interface is connected to an upper computer, the Ethernet transceiver port is communicatively connected to a slave node, and the bus transceiver is connected to a telemetry system bus, and the bus includes a CAN bus.

6. A distributed downhole data storage method based on EtherCAT bus, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: set an address for the node storage circuit board connected to each downhole logging instrument as the device address of the EtherCAT slave node device; Start the logging system, the logging instrument starts to work, the node storage board of each downhole logging instrument reads the measurement data of the control acquisition circuit of each downhole logging instrument in real time through the SPI interface of the microcontroller circuit, and the node storage board writes the measurement data into the non-volatile storage medium inside the node storage board and the process data of the EtherCAT slave control chip inside the node storage board; The overall storage board is used as the EtherCAT master node, and periodically sends data reading message frames. Within a communication cycle, the message frames sequentially pass through each slave node. The EtherCAT slave control chip of the slave node parses the device address, command, data address length, etc. in the message frame, fills the process data into the data area of the sub-message, and continues to transmit it to the next slave node; After the data frame is sent to the last slave node, it returns, and the return frame is fed back to the master node through the first slave node; After the master node receives the return frame, it writes the data of the received return frame into the internal non-volatile storage medium of the master node to realize the total storage of the data of all logging instruments.

7. A distributed downhole data storage method based on EtherCAT bus according to claim 6, characterized in that, the message frames are divided into different sub-messages according to the data volume of each logging instrument and the different data refresh times of each logging instrument. The sub-messages include the target slave device address, read / write command and addressing method, data length, and data area; After the total storage of the data of all logging instruments is completed, the overall storage board and all node storage boards are respectively connected to a calculator through the USB interface, the total storage data or backup data is read out, and then converted into a file for processing and interpretation.

8. A distributed downhole data storage method based on EtherCAT bus according to claim 6, characterized in that, the transmission time of the data of the logging system is calculated as follows: Among them, N is the number of downhole logging instruments in the logging system, T d is the data transmission time, P is the common overhead in the EtherCAT bus data frame, L is the amount of logging data required to be stored by each downhole logging instrument in one communication cycle, and Bw is the standard Ethernet bandwidth of 100 Mbps.

9. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, a distributed downhole data storage method based on EtherCAT bus described in any one of claims 6-8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, a distributed downhole data storage method based on EtherCAT bus described in any one of claims 6-8 is implemented.

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