Energy storage power station, in particular compressed air energy storage power station, and method for operating energy storage power station

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage station (1-1c), in particular a compressed air energy storage station, comprising a gas generation chamber (2-2b) and a compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) in fluid communication with the gas generating chamber and comprising at least one compressed gas accumulator (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; the gas generation chamber (2-2b) is configured as an explosion chamber in which a fuel (3-3b) is detonated for operating the energy storage plant. Advantageously, the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) and at least one compressed air energy store (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) is configured to receive the explosion gas (21) generated upon explosion of the fuel (3-3b) in the gas generation chamber (2-2b), which is advantageous in that the gas pressure generated upon explosion can be utilized directly, for example for operating a turbine for power generation. The invention further relates to a method for operating an energy storage plant (1-1c).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an energy storage power station, including a gas generation chamber and a compressed air energy storage device, which is in fluid communication with the gas generation chamber and includes at least one compressed air energy storage tank. Among them, the gas generation chamber is configured as an explosion chamber, and fuel is detonated in the explosion chamber to operate the energy storage power station. The present invention also relates to a method for operating an energy storage power station. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the currently known energy storage power stations can store energy in the form of compressed air and release the energy for power generation when needed. For this purpose, air is compressed into an underground chamber, and compressed air is extracted from the chamber to operate a turbine for power generation when needed.

[0003] Patent document US2011 / 0283705A1 discloses a device for driving a compression piston by detonating an explosive mixture of explosive dust or explosives. The movement of the compression piston driven by detonation causes compressed gas to be introduced into the compressed air energy storage tank through a valve device.

[0004] Patent document DE958788C discloses a starting device for an internal combustion engine, in which a compressor is operated by dust ignition to achieve pre-compression before the first ignition of diesel fuel.

[0005] Patent document DE3821304C2 describes a metal powder compression device for manufacturing compressed and dense components, which includes an explosion chamber with a movable compression piston. The compression piston divides the explosion chamber into an explosion space and a compression space. Metal powder to be compressed into a dense component is provided in the compression space. When an explosive is detonated in the explosion space, the volume in the compression space is reduced by the movement of the piston, thereby compacting the metal powder. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage power station as described above, especially a compressed air energy storage power station, which can be operated by the explosion gas generated when fuel explodes.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes that at least one compressed air energy storage tank of the compressed air energy storage device is configured to receive the explosion gas generated when fuel explodes in the gas generation chamber.

[0008] When fuel (such as explosives like black powder, nitrocellulose or C4) explodes, high-pressure explosion gas will be generated in the gas generation chamber. To reduce the pressure, the explosion gas can be introduced from the gas generation chamber into at least one compressed air energy storage tank for storage. At least one compressed air energy storage tank can be a single compressed air energy storage tank.

[0009] It is conceivable that at least one compressed air energy storage tank includes a plurality of compressed air energy storage tanks connected in parallel fluidically.

[0010] Its advantage lies in the ability to directly utilize the gas pressure generated during an explosion, for example, for operating a turbine to generate electricity.

[0011] Another advantage is that the explosion gas is not discharged into the surrounding environment of the energy storage power station, but is all used for energy storage. It is also conceivable that the explosion gas is purified, and after the explosion gas drives the turbine to generate electricity, it is compressed and stored in underground facilities. In this way, a zero-emission energy storage power station can be achieved.

[0012] The filling of the fuel in the gas generation chamber is preferably achieved through a high-pressure-resistant spiral seal commonly used in artillery technology.

[0013] It is also conceivable that the generated explosion gas is used in the form of compressed air to operate machines or similar equipment, such as a pneumatic motor.

[0014] The present invention proposes a method for operating an energy storage power station (especially a compressed air energy storage power station), characterized in that the explosion gas generated during the explosion of the fuel in the gas generation chamber is introduced from the gas generation chamber into at least one compressed air energy storage device of the compressed air energy storage device.

[0015] Advantageously, the gas generation chamber has a valve device with at least one overpressure valve, whereby the explosion gas generated during the explosion of the fuel can flow through at least one compressed air energy storage device of the compressed air energy storage that is in fluid communication with the gas generation chamber. The overpressure valve is a valve that opens when the limit pressure is reached and closes when the pressure is below the limit pressure. When the fuel explodes, the high pressure generated in the gas generation chamber causes at least one overpressure valve to open, so that the explosion gas generated by the explosion is introduced into at least one compressed air energy storage device (such as a compressed air energy storage tank) or an underground chamber.

[0016] It is conceivable that the valve device has a plurality of valves, which are designed as overpressure valves and open at different limit pressures.

[0017] It is also conceivable that the valve device has a plurality of overpressure valves, which are juxtaposed along the circumference of the gas generation chamber that can be cylindrical, especially at equal intervals from each other. The advantage is that the gas generation chamber bears a uniform load during the explosion of the fuel.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas generation chamber includes a valve device with at least one controllable valve, and the drive control of the valve device is synchronized with the explosion of the fuel. Once an explosion occurs and the pressure in the gas generation chamber is higher than the pressure in at least one compressed air energy storage device of the compressed air energy storage equipment, the valve opens. Once a specific pressure is reached in the compressed air energy storage device or the gas generation chamber, the controllable valve will close.

[0019] Its advantage lies in that controllable pressurization can be achieved within at least one compressed-air energy accumulator. It is also conceivable that the valve device has a plurality of valves, which are juxtaposed along the circumference of a gas generation chamber that can be cylindrical, in particular at equal intervals from each other. Its advantage lies in that the gas generation chamber withstands a uniform load during fuel explosion.

[0020] In another embodiment of the present invention, at least one compressed-air energy accumulator of the compressed-air energy storage device is arranged to surround the gas generation chamber circumferentially, preferably arranged to surround the whole circumference circumferentially. Its advantage lies in that the energy storage power station can achieve a particularly compact layout.

[0021] The compressed-air energy accumulator arranged to surround the gas generation chamber can be designed as a compressed-air energy storage tank and can also act as a strengthening mechanism to strengthen the gas generation chamber. Its advantage lies in that the energy storage power station of the present invention can operate under extremely high explosion pressures.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the compressed-air energy storage device includes a plurality of compressed-air energy accumulators connected in series, wherein the last-stage compressed-air energy accumulator is configured to receive the gas generated during fuel explosion.

[0023] Through this cascaded arrangement of compressed-air energy accumulators, the pressure generated by the explosion gradually decreases between the compressed-air energy accumulators, so that the last-stage compressed-air energy accumulator maintains a constant pressure necessary for continuously operating a turbine to generate electricity, for example.

[0024] The energy storage power station of the present invention can operate under isobaric and / or adiabatic conditions.

[0025] It is conceivable that the last-stage compressed-air energy accumulator includes a plurality of compressed-air energy storage tanks in parallel with each other. In this arrangement, the exhaust gas from the gas generation chamber can directly enter one of the compressed-air energy storage tanks in parallel with each other. Its advantage lies in that a particularly high-energy-efficiency energy storage power station can be achieved.

[0026] In another embodiment of the present invention, the compressed-air energy storage device includes a plurality of compressed-air energy accumulators connected in series, and the temperature of each compressed-air energy accumulator is adjustable. In addition, the compressed-air energy accumulator can be arranged in a heat exchange bath, which can be a water bath, an oil bath or a molten salt bath. By adjusting the temperature of the heat exchange bath, the temperature of the explosion gas inside the compressed-air energy accumulator can be adjusted.

[0027] It is conceivable that heat exchange occurs in the heat exchange bath, that is, heat is extracted from the compressed-air energy accumulator during fuel explosion and can be used to heat a heat storage device, and the heat stored therein can be utilized when needed. Its advantage lies in that the energy storage power station can achieve particularly efficient operation.

[0028] Preferably, the energy storage power station has a heat exchange device, which includes at least one heat exchanger arranged to surround the gas generation chamber. The heat generated during fuel explosion can be derived, thereby advantageously greatly reducing the heat load of the gas generation chamber.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, a damping mechanism is arranged in the gas generating chamber, and the damping mechanism preferably comprises a movable piston, and the volume of the gas generating chamber can be changed by the movement of the piston. The piston constitutes a movable wall section of the gas generating chamber.

[0030] The piston movement during fuel explosion reduces the forces acting on the gas chamber walls and valves.

[0031] Although not an essential feature, the damping mechanism may have a reset mechanism, which may be designed as a mechanical reset mechanism (such as a coil spring) or a hydraulic or pneumatic reset mechanism.

[0032] It is understood that the reset mechanism can apply a preload to adjust the damping effect. For example, the energy storage power station of the present invention can have a movable piston with a preloaded helical spring.

[0033] It is conceivable that the damping mechanism has a plurality of counterweights, which are arranged on the side of the piston facing away from the gas generating chamber. These counterweights can be designed to be disc-shaped or annular, wherein the annular counterweight can surround the disc-shaped counterweight in the circumferential direction. Vertically adjacent counterweights form a counterweight cascade structure, that is, the counterweights are arranged in a cascade.

[0034] When the volume of the gas generating chamber increases, the piston can abut against the counterweight or be spaced apart from it and push the counterweight against the direction of gravity during the movement of the gas generating chamber volume expansion. This has the advantage that an additional damping effect can be achieved. In addition, extremely high pressures can be generated, which improves energy efficiency.

[0035] Another advantage is that controllable boost pressure can be achieved.

[0036] Adjacent counterweights may be connected to each other via connecting bridges extending in the radial direction.

[0037] The connecting bridge passes through a strip-shaped opening in the wall, wherein the wall can be used as a guide for the counterweight.

[0038] It is conceivable that an exhaust duct is present in the region of the connecting bridge, so that during operation of the energy storage plant according to the invention, compressed air can escape through the exhaust duct between these vertically adjacent counterweights.

[0039] A damping mechanism may be provided between the vertically adjacent and spaced counterweights, and the damping mechanism is configured to buffer the collision between the adjacent counterweights when the energy storage power station of the present invention is in operation.

[0040] The damping mechanism may include stop plates interconnected by a return mechanism which may include a plurality of coil springs.

[0041] In another embodiment of the present invention, the gas generation chamber includes at least one through hole in its wall, which is covered by the damping mechanism when the damping mechanism is in the basic position and exposed when the damping mechanism is in the working position. The damping mechanism is preferably of a movable design. The advantage is that by using part of the pressure released during the fuel explosion, the damping mechanism moves from the basic position to the working position, thereby exposing at least one through hole leading to the gas compression energy storage device of the gas compression energy storage device. The advantage also lies in that valves can be omitted and the structure of the energy storage power station can be simplified.

[0042] Advantageously, the gas generation chamber has an exhaust pipeline, which connects the gas generation chamber to the last-stage gas compression energy storage device or to one of the last-stage gas compression energy storage devices in a gas compression energy storage device including a plurality of serially connected gas compression energy storage devices. The advantage is that the gas generation chamber can exhaust gas to the last-stage gas compression energy storage device or one of the last-stage gas compression energy storage devices, thereby minimizing pressure loss.

[0043] The last-stage gas compression energy storage device or one of the last-stage gas compression energy storage devices may include a plurality of gas compression energy storage tanks in parallel with each other, and these gas compression energy storage tanks can be filled with both the explosive gas from the upper-stage other gas compression energy storage devices and the exhaust gas from the gas generation chamber.

[0044] For this purpose, the valves of the gas compression energy storage tanks can be controlled separately so that before filling with the explosive gas from the upper-stage gas compression energy storage device, the explosive gas from the exhaust gas of the gas generation chamber is filled first. The advantage also lies in that this operation mode can ensure the continuous extraction of explosive gas from at least one or the last-stage gas compression energy storage device among a plurality of gas compression energy storage devices under a constant pressure.

[0045] In an embodiment of the operation method according to the present invention, the explosive gas generated during the fuel explosion in the gas generation chamber is guided through a plurality of serially connected gas compression energy storage devices of the gas compression energy storage device, and the pressures in these serially connected gas compression energy storage devices are different from each other. The advantage is that this cascaded arrangement of gas compression energy storage tanks can ensure the continuous operation of the energy storage power station. Even if the gas generation chamber operates intermittently due to intermittent fuel detonation, gas can still be extracted from the last-stage gas compression energy storage device at a constant pressure.

[0046] It can be proposed that the internal pressure of the serially connected gas compression energy storage devices decreases in a gradient from the gas generation chamber to the power generation turbine.

[0047] In another embodiment of the operation method according to the present invention, the explosive gas generated during the fuel explosion in the gas generation chamber is extracted from the last-stage gas compression energy storage device for operating the turbine to generate electricity.

[0048] It can be envisaged that the generated explosive gas is purified before being transported to the turbine.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the operation method of the present invention, the last-stage compressed air energy storage accumulator among a plurality of series-connected compressed air energy storage accumulators of the compressed air energy storage device is heated. The advantage is to ensure the extraction of the explosive gas through the output nozzle and its delivery to the turbine, preventing nozzle icing during gas expansion.

[0050] Advantageously, the gas is exhausted from the gas generation chamber to at least one compressed air energy storage accumulator.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage power station has an additional power generation device, which can be operated by the movement of a counterweight along or against the direction of gravity. The power generation device may have a transmission mechanism, which includes at least one push rod or rack, converting its linear motion into the rotational motion of the generator drive shaft. For this purpose, the transmission mechanism can be linked with the piston or counterweight of the energy storage power station, thereby advantageously further improving the energy efficiency of the energy storage power station. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0052] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings related to the embodiments. In the figures:

[0053] FIG. 1 shows various embodiments of the energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0054] FIG. 2 shows other various embodiments and details of the energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 Another specific embodiment of the energy storage power station of the present invention is shown.

[0056] Figure 4 Details of another embodiment of the energy storage power station of the present invention are shown.

[0057] FIG. 5 shows details of another embodiment of the energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0058] FIG. 6 shows details of another specific embodiment of the energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0059] FIG. 7 shows details of a specific embodiment of the energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0060] FIG. 8 shows details of other various specific embodiments of the energy storage power station of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0061] Figure 1a A side view of the energy storage power station 1 is schematically shown. Solid fuel 3 can be detonated in the gas generation chamber 2 of the energy storage power station 1. The gas generation chamber 2 is in fluid communication with the first compressed air energy storage tank 5 of the compressed air energy storage device 6 through a connecting pipeline 4, so that the explosive gas generated during the explosion can flow into the compressed air energy storage tank 5 from the gas generation chamber 2 through an overpressure valve ( Figure 1a (not shown).

[0062] The compressed air energy storage device 6 further includes two compressed air energy storage tanks 7 and 8. Among them, the first compressed air energy storage tank 5 is in fluid communication with the second compressed air energy storage tank 7 through a connecting pipeline 9, and the second compressed air energy storage tank 7 is in fluid communication with the third compressed air energy storage tank 8 through a connecting pipeline 10. The third compressed air energy storage tank 8 has a fluid communication mechanism 11, which may include an outlet nozzle, and the explosion gas generated by the explosion can flow through the fluid communication mechanism 11 to the turbine 12 to make it operate. The energy storage power station 1 directly uses the explosion gas generated when the fuel 3 explodes to operate.

[0063] The internal pressures of the compressed air energy storage tanks 5, 7, and 8 gradually decrease from the first compressed air energy storage tank 5 to the third compressed air energy storage tank 8 (i.e., the last-stage compressed air energy storage tank), so as to keep a constant pressure necessary for operating the turbine 12 in the last-stage compressed air energy storage tank 8.

[0064] It can be understood that the first compressed air energy storage tank 5 and the second compressed air energy storage tank 7 also have overpressure valves ( Figure 1a (not shown), and each of the compressed air energy storage tanks 5 and 7 has at least one overpressure valve. By using the overpressure valve, the explosion gas generated when the fuel 3 explodes in the gas generation chamber 2 can flow into the corresponding next-stage compressed air energy storage tanks 5, 7, and 8 in the compressed air energy storage device 6 (the compressed air energy storage tanks 5, 7, and 8 are arranged in cascade) at a high enough pressure.

[0065] In the operation method of the energy storage power station 1 of the present invention, the solid fuel 3 is detonated in the gas generation chamber 2. During this process, the volume of the gas in the gas generation chamber expands sharply, especially due to the fuel changing from the solid phase to the gaseous phase, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure in the gas generation chamber 2 (the volume of the gas generation chamber is constant in this embodiment), and an overpressure is formed in the gas generation chamber 2. The explosion gas causing the overpressure during the explosion can flow from the gas generation chamber 2 through the overpressure valve and the connecting pipeline 4 into the compressed air energy storage tank 5.

[0066] When the overpressure valve closes because the pressure in the gas generation chamber is lower than the limit pressure, the explosion gas will not flow back from the compressed air energy storage tank 5 to the gas generation chamber 2.

[0067] The other compressed air energy storage tanks 7 and 8 are also provided with overpressure valves. Thus, in this embodiment, the three series-connected compressed air energy storage tanks 5, 7, and 8 form a cascade arrangement of compressed air energy storage tanks, so that the explosion gas generated by the explosion of the solid fuel 3 can only flow unidirectionally, that is, towards the turbine 12. The sizes of the compressed air energy storage tanks 5, 7, and 8 are set so that a constant pressure is maintained in the last-stage compressed air energy storage tank 8 in the cascade during the operation of the energy storage power station, so that the turbine 12 can operate continuously.

[0068] If the energy storage power station 1 is to operate continuously like this, whenever an explosion occurs in the gas generation chamber 2 and the generated gas is extracted, the solid fuel 3 must be refilled into the gas generation chamber 2 and detonated again.

[0069] It is understood that the gas generation chamber 2 needs to be exhausted when necessary.

[0070] Although the explosions of the solid fuel 3 occur successively and intermittently, the compressed air energy storage device 6 can still enable the continuous operation of the energy storage power station 1.

[0071] It is understood that the energy storage power station 1 of the present invention can have other numbers of compressed air energy storage tanks, such as only one, two or more than three.

[0072] Figure 1b A side view schematically showing the energy storage power station 1, different from Figure 1a the shown embodiment in that a heat exchange device 13 is provided, which has a first heat exchanger 14 and a second heat exchanger 15. The first heat exchanger 14 is configured to perform heat exchange with the gas generation chamber 2, and the second heat exchanger 15 is configured to heat the third compressed air energy storage tank 8. The heat exchanger 14 and the heat exchanger 15 are in fluid communication through a connecting pipeline 16, so that the heat extracted from the gas generation chamber 2 can be used to heat the third compressed air energy storage tank 8. Advantageously, the explosion gas flowing out of the compressed air energy storage tank 8 can be heated without additional heating (which may cause icing if not heated).

[0073] The heat exchange device 13 can operate using a liquid medium such as water or a gaseous medium such as water vapor.

[0074] Figure 1b Although not shown, it can be envisaged that the first heat exchanger 14 or the second heat exchanger 15 can be configured to supply energy to a regional or local heating network, generate electricity through thermal power generation or be used for heat energy storage.

[0075] Using the energy storage power station of the present invention, both electricity can be generated and heat energy can be advantageously produced.

[0076] Figure 1c A top sectional view schematically showing the energy storage power station 1, different from Figure 1a and Figure 1b the shown embodiment in that the first compressed air energy storage tank 5 (with a cylindrical cross-section in this embodiment) is arranged circumferentially around the cylindrical gas generation chamber 2. Here, the compressed air energy storage tank 5 is provided as a strengthening mechanism to strengthen the gas generation chamber 2. For this purpose, the compressed air energy storage tank 5 acts as a strengthening sleeve around the gas generation chamber 2.

[0077] In addition, Figure 1c an overpressure valve 17 is shown, and the explosion gas generated by the explosion of the fuel 3 can flow from the gas generation chamber 2 into the third compressed air energy storage tank 8 through the overpressure valve 17.

[0078] Figures 1a to 1c Although not shown, it can be envisaged that at least one, two or all of the compressed air energy storage tanks 5, 7, 8 are arranged in a heat exchange bath. Advantageously, the internal temperature of the compressed air energy storage tanks 5, 7, 8 can be adjusted.

[0079] Referring now to FIG. 2, parts identical or having the same function as those in FIG. 1 are marked with the same reference numerals, and the relevant reference numerals are suffixed with the letter a.

[0080] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Schematically shown is a partial side-sectional view of the energy storage power station 1a. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that a piston 18 movable along the double-headed arrow 19 is arranged in the gas generation chamber 2a, and the piston 18 can move from the Figure 2a shown basic position to the Figure 2b shown working position against the restoring force of the restoring mechanism (a spring 20 in this embodiment).

[0081] When the solid fuel 3 explodes and thereby generates explosive gas 21, the piston 18 can buffer the sudden increase in pressure in the gas generation chamber 2a. Advantageously, compared with not using the damping mechanism including the piston 18, the load on the gas generation chamber 2a and the pressure acting on the overpressure valve 17a are reduced.

[0082] An exhaust port 22 is provided to release the gas in the area above the piston 18.

[0083] Figure 2c and Figure 2d Shows a partial side-sectional view of the energy storage power station 1a. The difference from the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1, Figure 2a and Figure 2b is that a through pipe 24 penetrates the wall 23 of the gas generation chamber 2a, making the gas generation chamber 2a in fluid communication with the compressed air energy storage tank 5a and having an overpressure valve 17a.

[0084] When the movable piston 18 is in the Figure 2c shown basic position, the through hole 25 in the gas generation chamber 2a is covered. Only when the piston 18 moves from the Figure 2c shown basic position to the Figure 2d shown working position, the piston 18 will be exposed, so that the explosive gas 21 generated when the fuel 3a explodes can flow into the compressed air energy storage tank 5a through the through pipe 24. When the internal pressure of the gas generation chamber 2a drops, the restoring force of the restoring mechanism (a spring 20 in this embodiment) causes the piston 18 to return to the basic position and cover the through hole 25.

[0085] In this embodiment, the operation mode of the energy storage power station 1a is particularly stable.

[0086] It can be conceived that the spring 20 can apply a pre-tightening force and is preferably designed as a helical spring.

[0087] It can be understood that the piston 18 is in the Figure 2a and Figure 2cWhen in the shown basic position, it can abut against a stop, which can be designed as an annular stop, for example.

[0088] Now refer to Figure 3 , in this figure, the parts that are the same as or have the same function as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are marked with the same reference numerals, and the relevant reference numerals are all suffixed with the letter b.

[0089] Figure 3 A storage power station 1b is shown. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that it is provided with a bypass pipeline 26 as an exhaust pipeline. Through this bypass pipeline 26, the high-temperature explosion gas generated during the explosion of the fuel 3b can be extracted from the gas generation chamber 2b and directly guided to the third compressed air energy storage tank 8b. Advantageously, the gas temperature of the third compressed air energy storage tank 8b can be adjusted. In this way, for example, it is possible to prevent the nozzles from icing when the explosion gas is ejected from the nozzles to operate the turbine.

[0090] Now refer to Figure 4 , the parts that are the same as or have the same function as those in FIGS. 1 to Figure 3 are marked with the same reference numerals, and the relevant reference numerals are all suffixed with the letter c.

[0091] Figure 4 A detailed view of the last-stage energy storage tank 8c in a storage power station 1c including a plurality of energy storage tanks is shown. The last-stage energy storage tank 8c has a total of three compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29 arranged in parallel, and these compressed air energy storage tanks are connected to the gas generation chamber ( Figure 4 not shown) through a bypass pipeline 26c.

[0092] Through the bypass pipeline 26c, the gas generation chamber can exhaust gas to the compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29. In the bypass pipeline 26c, there is a valve 30 in front of each of the compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29, and the inflow amount into the corresponding compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29 can be adjusted through this valve 30.

[0093] The generated explosion gas flows from the pre-storage gas tank into the compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29 through a connecting pipeline 10c. The connecting pipeline 10c is divided into three pipe sections 31, 32, and 33, and each pipe section has a controllable valve 34.

[0094] The explosion gas from the compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29 can flow from the compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29 to the fluid communication mechanism 11c through the adjustment of the valve 35.

[0095] It can be envisaged that the compressed air energy storage tank 8c can be replaced by a single compressed air energy storage tank with multiple compressed air energy storage chambers instead of the multiple compressed air energy storage tanks 27, 28, and 29.

[0096] Figure 4Although not shown, it is conceivable that the bypass line 26c has a compressor through which the generated explosive gas can be compressed.

[0097] It is also conceivable that the explosive gas discharged from the gas generation chamber is compressed by a compressor, and the compressed gas is directly directed to a turbine.

[0098] It is also conceivable that after the fuel explodes, the residual gas is sucked from the gas generation chamber and introduced into another compressed air energy storage tank, and then the gas generation chamber can be filled with fresh air, advantageously without discharging any explosive gas to the surrounding environment.

[0099] Now referring to FIG. 5, the same or functionally equivalent parts as those in FIGS. 1 to Figure 4 are marked with the same reference numerals, and the relevant reference numerals are all suffixed with the letter d.

[0100] Figure 5a and Figure 5b FIG. 5 schematically shows a partial side sectional view of the energy storage power station 1d. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that at the Figure 5a shown piston base position, the piston 18d movable along the double-headed arrow 19d abuts against the annular stop ring 36 and is connected to an additional counterweight 37 by a spring 20 (as a reset mechanism). At the Figure 5a shown piston base position, the counterweight 37 abuts against the annular check damper 38.

[0101] When the solid fuel 3d explodes (as Figure 5b shown) and thereby generates explosive gas 21d, the sudden increase in pressure in the gas generation chamber 2d can be buffered by the piston 18d.

[0102] Advantageously, an additional damping effect can be achieved. In addition, extremely high pressure can be generated, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0103] It is conceivable that an emergency port can be provided instead of the exhaust port 22d to eject the additional counterweight 37 in case of an emergency.

[0104] It is also conceivable that another damping mechanism is provided above the additional counterweight 37 to buffer the upward movement of the counterweight 37.

[0105] It is also conceivable that a rigid connection mechanism is used instead of the spring 20d.

[0106] Now referring to FIG. 6, the same or functionally equivalent parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 5 are marked with the same reference numerals, and the relevant reference numerals are all suffixed with the letter e.

[0107] Figure 6a FIG. 6 shows a partial side sectional view of the energy storage power station 1e. The difference from the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 is that at the Figure 5aIn the piston basic position shown, the piston 18e movable along the double-headed arrow 19e abuts against the annular stop ring 36e and is connected to an additional disc-shaped counterweight 39 by a spring 20e (as a reset mechanism). In the present embodiment, the disc-shaped counterweight 39 is surrounded by an annular counterweight 40 and is arranged below other counterweights 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 forming a vertical counterweight cascade structure.

[0108] The counterweights 39, 41, 44 are disc-shaped, while the counterweights 40, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47 are annular.

[0109] The annular counterweights 42, 43 circumferentially surround the disc-shaped counterweight 41, while the annular counterweights 45, 46, 47 circumferentially surround the disc-shaped counterweight 44.

[0110] A damping mechanism 48 is provided below each of the disc-shaped counterweights 41, 44. The damping mechanism 48 is connected to the lower sides of the counterweights 41, 44 by a first stop plate 49. A second stop plate 50 is arranged to abut against the disc-shaped counterweights when the respective disc-shaped counterweights 39, 41 below move upward in the direction of the arrow 19e. A total of nine helical springs 51 are provided between the two stop plates 49, 50 as a buffer reset mechanism.

[0111] The counterweights at the same level in the counterweight cascade structure are interconnected by a total of eight connecting bridges 52. These connecting bridges 52 pass through vertical strip-shaped openings in the wall body (not marked with reference numerals). Please refer to Figure 6b that is, the top view sectional view of the counterweight cascade structure taken along the section line A-A in Figure 6a . For clarity,

[0112] all the connecting bridges in Figure 6a and Figure 6b are not marked with reference numerals.

[0113] The present inventor recognizes that the working smoothness of the gas generation chamber 2e can be enhanced through such a counterweight cascade structure.

[0114] It can be envisaged that a rigid connecting member can be used instead of the spring 20e.

[0115] The downward speed of the counterweights can be adjusted by a controllable exhaust valve (not shown in Fig. 6) of the gas generation chamber 2e.

[0116] Now referring to Fig. 7, the parts in this figure that are the same as or have the same function as those in Figs. 1 to 6 are marked with the same reference numerals, and the relevant reference numerals are all suffixed with the letter f.

[0117] Figure 7 shows a partial side sectional view of the energy storage power station 1f. The difference from the embodiment shown in Figure 5 is that the through pipeline 24f penetrates the wall body 23f of the gas generation chamber 2f, enabling the gas generation chamber 2f to be in fluid communication with the compressed air energy storage tank and having an overpressure valve 17f.

[0118] It is conceivable that a rigid connecting piece can be used instead of the spring 20f.

[0119] Now referring to Figure 8, the parts that are the same or have the same function as those in Figures 1 to 7 are marked with the same reference numerals, and the relevant reference numerals are all suffixed with the letter g.

[0120] Figure 8a Shows a partial side sectional view of the energy storage power station 1g. The difference from the embodiment shown in Figure 6 is that the through pipeline 24g penetrates the wall body 23g of the gas generation chamber 2g, enabling the gas generation chamber 2g to be in fluid communication with the compressed air energy storage tank and having an overpressure valve 17g.

[0121] Figure 8b Shows a partial side sectional view of the energy storage power station 1g. The difference from Figure 8a the embodiment shown is that a cylindrical rigid connecting piece 53 is provided between the piston 18g and the counterweight 39g to replace the reset mechanism.

[0122] In this embodiment, the diameter of the connecting piece 53 is one-half of the diameter of the counterweight 39g.

[0123] It can be understood that the diameter of the connecting piece 53 can be larger or smaller than the size in this embodiment.

[0124] Figure 8c Shows a partial side sectional view of the energy storage power station 1g. The difference from Figure 6a , Figure 8a and Figure 8b the embodiments shown is that the energy storage power station 1g includes a device 54 for operating the generator 55. The device 54 has a push rod 56 and a steel wire rope 58 connected to the push rod 56, and the steel wire rope 58 is guided by a steering wheel 57. The steel wire rope 58 is connected to the push rod 56 at the upper and lower ends of the push rod 56 and can be wound and unwound by two wire rope drums 59, 60 arranged on opposite sides of the generator. Through the winding and unwinding operation, the wire rope drums 59, 60 drive the generator 55, where each of the wire rope drums 59, 60 has a transmission mechanism ( Figure 8c not shown).

[0125] The lower end of the push rod 56 is connected to the counterweight 40g (for example, by screwing or welding), passes through the through channels 61 through the counterweights 40g, 42g, 45g and through the check damping member 38g, and also passes through an opening (not marked with a reference numeral) in the outer shell of the energy storage power station 1g.

[0126] When an explosion occurs in the gas generating chamber 2g, causing the piston 18g to move upward (i.e., in the direction of arrow 19g), the push rod 56 is linked with the counterweight 40g. During this linkage process, the steel wire rope 58 guided by the steering wheel unwinds from the steel wire rope reel 60, thereby operating the generator 55 to generate electricity. At the same time, the steel wire rope reel 59 for winding the steel wire rope 58 runs synchronously with the steel wire rope reel 60.

[0127] When the piston 18g moves downward, the push rod 56 and the steel wire rope 58 are linked in the reverse direction.

[0128] To prevent the counterweight 40g from tipping over, multiple sets of push rod assemblies can be provided. These push rod assemblies are arranged circumferentially around the energy storage power station 1g. For example, three sets of push rod assemblies are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees to each other.

[0129] It is also conceivable that multiple sets of push rod assemblies are provided with a single generator, and the steel wire ropes of each set of push rod assemblies are guided by the steering wheel to the steel wire rope reels associated with each set of push rod assemblies within the generator area.

[0130] Figure 8d A partial cross-sectional side view of the energy storage power station 1g is shown. The difference from the Figure 6a - Figures 8a to 8c illustrated embodiment is that the counterweight 40g is integrally formed with a bolt 62 passing through the wall body, whereby the rack 63 is held against the restoring force of the restoring mechanism (a spring 66 in this embodiment) to maintain the Figure 8d shown stationary position. The rack 63 meshes with the gear 64, and the gear 64 is connected to the generator through the shaft 65 ( Figure 8d not shown).

[0131] When the counterweight 40g starts to move from the Figure 8d shown stationary position, the restoring force of the spring 66 causes the rack 63 to move upward, driving the gear 64 to rotate and driving the generator through the shaft 65. When the counterweight 40g moves downward, the rack 63 returns to the Figure 8d shown stationary position against the restoring force of the spring 66, and the gear 64 rotates again to generate electricity.

[0132] To prevent the counterweight 40g from tipping over, multiple sets of rack assemblies can be provided. These rack assemblies are arranged circumferentially around the energy storage power station 1g. For example, three sets of rack assemblies are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees to each other.

[0133] It can be understood that a guiding mechanism needs to be provided for the rack 63.

[0134] It is conceivable that the rack assembly includes a rack 63, a gear 64, a shaft 65, and a generator ( Figure 8d not shown), and can be arranged in an independent housing.

[0135] It is also conceivable that the bolt 62 is used to drive a lead screw transmission mechanism, and further operate the generator.

[0136] Figure 8e Shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the energy storage power station 1g, different from Figure 6a , Figures 8a to 8d the illustrated embodiment in that the energy storage power station 1g has an exhaust port 22g, which is connected to an exhaust pipe 67, and the exhaust gas can be used to operate the generator 68 through the exhaust pipe 67.

[0137] Advantageously, it is possible to further improve the energy efficiency.

[0138] Figure 8f Shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the energy storage power station 1g, different from Figure 6a , Figures 8a to 8e the illustrated embodiment in that the energy storage power station 1g has a side exhaust port 22g and a detachable cover 69 above.

[0139] The cover 69 is detachably installed. When the internal pressure exceeds the limit pressure, the cover is pushed open under the action of the internal pressure, so that the counterweight members 40g, 42g, 43g, 45g, 46g, 47g, 39g, 41g, 44g are ejected upward in an emergency ejection manner. Advantageously, it is possible to prevent the energy storage power station 1g from being damaged when overpressurized.

[0140] It is conceivable that a position detection device is arranged in the area of the cover 69, and the position detection device may include a photoelectric sensor, which can detect the critical positions of the counterweight members 44g, 45g, 46g, 47g.

[0141] For example, when the upper photoelectric sensor of the position detection device is triggered, it indicates that the critical position has been exceeded. At this time, the detachable cover 69 can be pushed open to avoid colliding with the counterweight members. Advantageously, it is possible to achieve overload protection of the energy storage power station 1g.

[0142] Figure 8g Shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the energy storage power station 1g, different from Figure 6a , Figures 8a to 8f the illustrated embodiment in that the energy storage power station 1g has a hatch-type exhaust port 70 with variable dimensions, and its opening degree can be controlled according to the internal pressure.

[0143] Advantageously, when the internal pressure suddenly rises, it is possible to achieve controllable or adjustable pressure relief.

[0144] Although not shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, it is conceivable that the valve of the overpressure valve or valve device has a filtering device, and the filtering device is configured to filter the solid components in the gas generated during fuel explosion. Advantageously, it can not only prevent the contamination of the compressed air energy storage tank, but also ensure that clean explosion gas is obtained during the operation of the turbine.

[0145] It can be understood that the gas generation chamber may be provided with an exhaust pipe (not shown in FIGS. 1 to 8) with an adjustable exhaust valve.

[0146] It is understood that the technical features shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 can be freely combined.

[0147] For example, Figure 1c the energy storage power station shown may be provided with Figure 1b the heat exchange device shown, and the energy storage power station 1a shown in FIG. 2 may be provided with Figure 1b the heat exchange device shown, or Figure 7a the energy storage power station shown may include Figure 8f the detachable cover shown.

Claims

1. A storage power station (1-1c), in particular a compressed air energy storage power station, comprising a gas generation chamber (2-2b) and a compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b), the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) being in fluid communication with the gas generation chamber (2-2b) and comprising at least one compressed air energy storage tank (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c). Wherein, the gas generation chamber (2-2b) is configured as an explosion chamber, and fuel (3-3b) is detonated in the explosion chamber to operate the storage power station. It is characterized in that at least one compressed air energy storage tank (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) of the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) is configured to receive the explosion gas (21) generated when the fuel (3-3b) explodes in the gas generation chamber (2-2b).

2. The storage power station according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the gas generation chamber (2-2b) has a valve device with at least one overpressure valve, whereby the explosion gas generated when the fuel explodes can flow through at least one compressed air energy storage tank (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) of the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) that is in fluid communication with the gas generation chamber (2-2b).

3. The storage power station according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the gas generation chamber (2-2b) has a valve device with at least one controllable valve, and the actuation control of the valve device is synchronized with the explosion of the fuel (3-3b).

4. The storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that at least one compressed air energy storage tank (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) of the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) is arranged circumferentially around the gas generation chamber (2-2b), preferably arranged circumferentially around the entire circumference.

5. The storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) includes a plurality of serially connected compressed air energy storage tanks (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c), wherein the last-stage compressed air energy storage tank (8-8b; 8c) is configured to receive the explosion gas (21) generated when the fuel (3-3b) explodes.

6. The storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) includes a plurality of serially connected compressed air energy storage tanks (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c), wherein the temperature of each compressed air energy storage tank (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) is adjustable.

7. The storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that the storage power station (1-1c) has a heat exchange device (13), and the heat exchange device (13) includes at least one heat exchanger (14) arranged around the gas generation chamber (2-2b).

8. The storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that A damping mechanism is arranged in the gas generating chamber (2-2b). Preferably, the damping mechanism includes a movable piston (18), and the volume of the gas generating chamber (2-2b) can be changed by the movement of the piston (18).

9. The energy storage power station according to claim 8, wherein, the gas generating chamber (2-2b) has at least one through hole (25) in the wall body (23) of the gas generating chamber (2-2b), and the through hole (25) is covered by the damping mechanism when the damping mechanism is in the basic position and is exposed when the damping mechanism is in the working position.

10. The energy storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, the gas generating chamber (2-2b) has an exhaust pipeline (26), and the exhaust pipeline (26) connects the gas generating chamber (2-2b) to the last-stage compressed air energy storage device (8-8c) or to one of the last-stage compressed air energy storage devices of a compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) including a plurality of serially connected compressed air energy storage devices (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c).

11. An operation method of an energy storage power station (1-1c), especially a compressed air energy storage power station, wherein, the energy storage power station is operated by detonating fuel (3-3b) in the gas generating chamber (2-2b) of the energy storage power station, wherein, the explosive gas (21) generated when the fuel (3-3b) explodes in the gas generating chamber (2-2b) is introduced from the gas generating chamber (2-2b) into at least one compressed air energy storage device (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) of the compressed air energy storage device (6-6b).

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, the explosive gas (21) generated when the fuel (3-3b) explodes in the gas generating chamber (2-2b) is guided through a plurality of serially connected compressed air energy storage devices (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) of the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b), and the pressures in the plurality of serially connected compressed air energy storage devices (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c) are different from each other.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, the explosive gas (21) generated when the fuel (3-3b) explodes in the gas generating chamber (2-2b) is extracted from the last-stage compressed air energy storage device (8-8c) for operating a turbine to generate electricity.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein, each of the plurality of serially connected compressed air energy storage devices of the compressed air energy storage device (6; 6b) is heated.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein, the gas generating chamber (2-2b) discharges gas into the at least one compressed air energy storage device (5-5b, 7-7b, 8-8b; 8c).

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