Pneumatic long-seedling-age pot seedling planting mechanism and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pneumatic long-seedling-age pot seedling planting mechanism and a control method thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural mechanization. The device mainly comprises a lifting module, a planting module and a pneumatic control module. The lifting module comprises a lifting bracket, a planting module mounting plate, a lead screw, a bracket sliding block, a lead screw sliding block and a lead screw motor; the planting module comprises a cup body, a duckbilled mechanism, a right control plate, a tension spring, a left control plate, a connecting piece, a tension spring supporting column, a sliding block connecting piece and a control sliding block; the pneumatic control module comprises an air distribution device, an air cylinder, a telescopic rod and a connecting ring. According to the pneumatic long-seedling-age pot seedling planting mechanism, lossless pot seedling planting is achieved through pneumatic flexible control, and the planting efficiency and reliability are improved in combination with modular design; the light-weight structure and the strong environmental adaptability significantly improve the transplanting survival rate of long-seedling-age seedlings, and are especially suitable for mechanical operation requirements of complex farmlands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a pneumatic long-seedling-age pot-seedling planting mechanism and its control method, which is particularly suitable for the mechanized transplanting operations of long-seedling-age pot-seedlings such as rice and vegetables. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the application of transplanting machinery has greatly improved agricultural production efficiency. However, the current planting mechanisms generally rely on rigid mechanical transmissions, and problems such as squeezing or tearing of the fragile stems and leaves of long-seedling-age pot-seedlings are likely to occur during their operation, resulting in low seedling survival rates and unsatisfactory operation efficiency. These defects severely restrict the further development of agricultural automation.

[0003] Existing devices mostly adopt mechanical transmissions or electric drives. It is difficult to accurately adjust the clamping force, and it is easy to damage the seedlings due to overload. Equipment is prone to failure in complex farmland environments (such as hilly areas, dusty, and humid), and it is difficult to adjust the planting depth, making it difficult to meet the requirements of modern agriculture for efficient and reliable automated transplanting.

[0004] In the existing technologies at home and abroad, although hydraulic or electric drive solutions can partially improve the control accuracy, they have defects such as high cost, complex structure, and difficult maintenance. For example, electric systems are prone to short circuits in humid environments, and hydraulic systems have the risk of oil leakage and pollution.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a planting mechanism that combines flexible control, high reliability, and environmental adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a pneumatic long-seedling-age pot-seedling planting mechanism and its control method, which solve problems such as seedling damage, low efficiency, and poor adaptability of traditional planting mechanisms through pneumatic flexible drive and modular design.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a pneumatic long-seedling-age pot-seedling planting mechanism is provided, including: A lifting module, including a lifting bracket, a lead screw motor, a lead screw, a lead screw slider, a bracket slider, and a planting module mounting plate. The lead screw motor is fixed on the lifting bracket and drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw slider is sleeved on the lead screw and fixedly connected to the planting module mounting plate. The bracket slider is sleeved on the guide rails on both sides of the lifting bracket and fixed on both sides of the planting module mounting plate; A planting module, comprising a cup body, a duckbill mechanism, a left control panel, a right control panel, a connecting piece, a control slider and a tension spring, wherein the cup body is fixed to the mounting plate of the planting module, the left control panel and the right control panel are pivotally connected to both sides of the cup body and are respectively pivotally connected to the connecting piece, the duckbill mechanism is respectively fixed to the lower part of the left control panel and the right control panel, a sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the cup body, the control slider can be slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the control slider is connected to the connecting piece; the two ends of the tension spring are fixed to the tension spring pillars of the left control panel and the right control panel, and are used for closing and resetting the duckbill mechanism; The pneumatic control module includes an air distributor, a cylinder, a telescopic rod and an air pump. The air distributor is fixed to the upper end of the lifting bracket and the air pump and the cylinder are connected through a pipeline. The telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected to the control slider, which drives the control slider to slide along the slide groove to link the duckbill mechanism to open and close.

[0008] Optionally, the lead screw motor is embedded in the middle part below the lifting bracket, and the lead screw is vertically installed to form a spiral transmission pair with the lead screw slider.

[0009] Optionally, the cup body is fixed to the planting module mounting plate via cup body hanging ears.

[0010] Optionally, there are multiple planting modules, each of which is equipped with a cylinder, and the gas distribution device is provided with multiple gas distribution ports, which are connected to each cylinder through an independent pipeline, so as to realize centralized distribution and control of the gas path.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting bracket is made of lightweight aluminum alloy and the surface is treated with rust prevention.

[0012] Optionally, the opening and closing angle of the duckbill mechanism is jointly limited by the displacement of the control slider in the slide groove and the hinge angles of the left and right control plates.

[0013] Optionally, a pressure regulating valve is provided between the air pump and the air distribution device for dynamically controlling the output force of the cylinder to adapt to different soil hardnesses.

[0014] Optionally, a silicone dust cover is installed on the top of the cup body.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is provided a control method for the pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Lifting and positioning: The screw motor drives the screw to rotate, driving the planting module mounting plate and the cup body to move vertically downward to the set planting depth; Step 2, pneumatic triggering: the air pump starts to pump air to shrink the telescopic rod of the cylinder, driving the control slider to move up along the slide slot, pulling the right control plate inward through the slider connector, and the left control plate moves synchronously through the connector to open the duckbill mechanisms on both sides; Step 3: Seedling Bowl Insertion: After the duckbill mechanism pushes aside the soil, the seedling bowl falls into the soil, and the lead screw motor rotates in the reverse direction to drive the planting module to rise; Step 4: Mechanism Reset: The air pump releases negative pressure, the telescopic rod resets, the control slider moves downward, and at the same time, under the pulling force of the tension spring, the left and right control plates return to the normal position, and the duckbill mechanism closes and resets.

[0016] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may include the following beneficial effects: As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention adopts pneumatic flexible control technology (the cylinder drives the duckbill mechanism to open and close precisely), a modular high-precision lifting system, anti-environmental interference design (the air distribution device is IP65 protected, and the lightweight and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy bracket), and standardized pneumatic components integration. Therefore, it overcomes the technical bottlenecks of high seedling damage rate, low operation efficiency, poor adaptability to complex environments, and high maintenance costs caused by rigid clamping of traditional transplanting machinery. Finally, it realizes comprehensive technical breakthroughs in damage-free seedling planting, efficient continuous operation, strong environmental adaptability, and low-cost maintenance, providing a reliable solution for modern agricultural mechanization and precision.

[0017] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments that conform to the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of a pneumatic long-seedling-age seedling bowl planting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a rear three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a pneumatic long-seedling-age seedling bowl planting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a partially enlarged three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a pneumatic long-seedling-age seedling bowl planting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a planting module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a planting module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the initial working position of the device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the seedling planting position at the bottom of the device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure, 101 is the cup body; 102 is the duckbill mechanism; 103 is the right control board; 104 is the tension spring; 105 is the left control board; 106 is the connecting member; 107 is the tension spring support; 108 is the cup body hanging ear; 109 is the stopper; 110 is the slider connecting member; 111 is the chute; 112 is the control slider; 113 is the connecting plate; 201 is the lifting bracket; 202 is the planting module mounting plate; 203 is the lead screw; 204 is the bracket slider; 205 is the lead screw slider; 206 is the lead screw motor; 301 is the air distribution device; 302 is the cylinder; 303 is the telescopic rod; 304 is the connecting ring. Specific embodiments

[0027] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and examples thereof are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] The terms used in the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said", and "the" used in the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] Refer to Figures 1-7 , this embodiment provides a pneumatic long-seedling-age plug seedling planting mechanism, including: 1. Lifting module, this module includes: Lifting bracket 201: Made of lightweight aluminum alloy material (such as 6061-T6), the surface is treated with anodic oxidation for rust prevention. This design significantly reduces the overall weight while improving corrosion resistance, adapting to the humid field environment.

[0030] Lead screw motor 206: Can be embedded in the middle part under the lifting bracket 201 and fixed by bolts. The central layout ensures balanced force during the lifting process and avoids the deviation of the planting module.

[0031] Lead screw 203 and lead screw slider 205: The lead screw 203 is vertically installed and directly connected to the lead screw motor 206. The lead screw slider 205 is made of copper-based self-lubricating material and forms a helical transmission pair with the lead screw 203. This design realizes vertical lifting and meets the requirements of different crop planting depths.

[0032] Bracket slider 204 and planting module mounting plate 202: The bracket slider 204 is sleeved on the guide rails on both sides of the lifting bracket 201 and slides along the linear guide rails on both sides of the lifting bracket 201, restricting the planting module to move only in the vertical direction and avoiding positioning errors caused by lateral offset. The bracket slider 204 is fixed to both sides of the planting module mounting plate 202.

[0033] 2. Planting module, which includes: Cup body 101: It is formed by welding 304 stainless steel. The cup body hanging ear 108 is laser welded to the bottom of the cup body and is rigidly connected to the planting module mounting plate 202 through the connecting plate 113. This structure takes into account both strength and lightweight, avoiding the shaking of the cup body during the planting process.

[0034] Left and right control plates (103, 105): They are hinged to the cup body hanging ear 108 through a pin shaft and are linked by a connecting piece 106. The hinge point uses a polytetrafluoroethylene bushing to reduce friction loss and ensure smooth opening and closing actions.

[0035] Duckbill mechanism 102: It is welded to the lower parts of the left and right control plates (103, 105), and the material is 65Mn spring steel with a galvanized surface for rust prevention. The tip of the duckbill is a flat angle to avoid damaging the root system of the seedlings when pushing the soil.

[0036] Control slider 112: The chute 111 is opened on the side wall of the cup body 101, and the control slider 112 is embedded in the chute 111 and is connected to the right control plate 103 through a slider connecting piece 110. The inner wall of the chute 111 is coated with a molybdenum disulfide coating to reduce the sliding resistance.

[0037] Pull spring 104: It laterally connects the pull spring struts 107 of the left and right control plates (103, 105), providing appropriate resilience after pneumatic release to ensure the quick closing of the duckbill mechanism 102.

[0038] It may further include: Stop block 109: It is symmetrically added on both sides of the cup body 101 and has elastic deformation characteristics, which can absorb the closing impact energy and avoid the deformation of the duckbill mechanism or the damage of the seedlings caused by rigid collision.

[0039] 3. Pneumatic control module, which includes: Air distribution device 301: It is fixed to the upper end of the lifting bracket 201, and multiple independent air paths (such as 4 paths, set according to the actual situation) can be provided inside. Each air port is connected to the air cylinder 302 through a PU hose. The shell of the air distribution device 301 has an IP65 protection level to prevent dust and water vapor from invading.

[0040] Cylinder 302 and telescopic rod 303: Cylinder 302 uses SMC standard double-acting cylinder (model CDJ2KB16-50), and telescopic rod 303 is hinged to control slider 112 through connecting ring 304. The cylinder drives control slider 112 to slide up and down along slide slot 111, and the duckbill opening and closing angle is linked to 0°-60°.

[0041] Air pump: connected to the air distribution device 301 to provide air pressure.

[0042] It also includes: a pressure regulating valve: arranged between the air pump and the air distribution device 301, adjusting the output air pressure to dynamically adapt to hard soil (high pressure is required for bulldozing) or soft soil (low pressure to prevent overload).

[0043] Further, such as Figure 5 As shown, a silicone dust cover is installed on the top of the cup body 101 to prevent soil particles from entering the chute 111.

[0044] Furthermore, the cylinder 302 adopts a quick-insert air pipe joint to shorten the time spent on field replacement.

[0045] refer to Figures 2-5 This embodiment provides a seedling control method, comprising the following steps: Lifting positioning: The lead screw motor 206 drives the lead screw 203 to rotate clockwise, and the lead screw slider 205 drives the planting module mounting plate 202 and the cup body 101 to move vertically downward. The downward movement depth is fed back in real time by the motor encoder, and stops after the travel switch is triggered.

[0046] Pneumatic triggering: the air pump starts to pump air, the telescopic rod 303 of the air cylinder 302 contracts, and the control slider 112 is pulled up along the slide slot 111. The slider connector 110 drives the right control plate 103 to tilt inward, and the connector 106 synchronously pulls the left control plate 105 to move, and the duckbill mechanisms 102 on both sides open, pushing the soil to form a seedling hole.

[0047] Planting of seedlings: After the seedlings fall into the planting hole through the seedling guide tube, the lead screw motor 206 rotates counterclockwise and the planting module rises. At the same time, the air pump releases negative pressure, the telescopic rod 303 is reset, the control slider 112 moves downward, the tension spring 104 pulls the left and right control plates (103, 105) back to the normal position, and the duckbill mechanism 102 is closed.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the description and practicing the contents disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the claims.

[0049] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism, characterized in that: include: The lifting module includes a lifting bracket, a lead screw motor, a lead screw, a lead screw slider, a bracket slider and a planting module mounting plate, wherein the lead screw motor is fixed to the lifting bracket and drives the lead screw to rotate, the lead screw slider is sleeved on the lead screw and fixedly connected to the planting module mounting plate, and the bracket slider is sleeved on the guide rails on both sides of the lifting bracket and fixed on both sides of the planting module mounting plate; A planting module, comprising a cup body, a duckbill mechanism, a left control panel, a right control panel, a connecting piece, a control slider and a tension spring, wherein the cup body is fixed to the mounting plate of the planting module, the left control panel and the right control panel are pivotally connected to both sides of the cup body and are respectively pivotally connected to the connecting piece, the duckbill mechanism is respectively fixed to the lower part of the left control panel and the right control panel, a sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the cup body, the control slider can be slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the control slider is connected to the connecting piece; the two ends of the tension spring are fixed to the tension spring pillars of the left control panel and the right control panel, and are used for closing and resetting the duckbill mechanism; The pneumatic control module includes an air distributor, a cylinder, a telescopic rod and an air pump. The air distributor is fixed to the upper end of the lifting bracket and the air pump and the cylinder are connected through a pipeline. The telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected to the control slider, which drives the control slider to slide along the slide groove to link the duckbill mechanism to open and close.

2. The pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lead screw motor is embedded in the middle part below the lifting bracket, and the lead screw is vertically installed to form a spiral transmission pair with the lead screw slider.

3. The pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cup body is fixed on the planting module mounting plate through the cup body hanging ears.

4. The pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple planting modules, each of which is equipped with a cylinder. The gas distribution device is provided with multiple gas distribution ports, which are respectively connected to each cylinder through independent pipelines to achieve centralized distribution and control of the gas path.

5. The pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting bracket is made of lightweight aluminum alloy and the surface is treated with rust prevention.

6. The pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing angle of the duckbill mechanism is jointly limited by the displacement of the control slide block in the slide slot and the hinge angles of the left and right control plates.

7. The pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure regulating valve is arranged between the air pump and the air distribution device, which is used to dynamically control the output force of the air cylinder to adapt to different soil hardnesses.

8. The pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A silicone dust cover is installed on the top of the cup body.

9. A control method for a pneumatic long-age seedling pot planting mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Lifting and positioning: The screw motor drives the screw to rotate, driving the planting module mounting plate and the cup body to move vertically downward to the set planting depth; Step 2, pneumatic triggering: the air pump starts to pump air to shrink the telescopic rod of the cylinder, driving the control slider to move up along the slide slot, pulling the right control plate inward through the slider connector, and the left control plate moves synchronously through the connector to open the duckbill mechanisms on both sides; Step 3: Planting seedlings: After the duckbill mechanism pushes the soil away, the seedlings fall into the soil, and the lead screw motor rotates in the opposite direction to drive the planting module to rise; Step 4: Mechanism reset: the air pump releases negative pressure, the telescopic rod resets, the control slider moves downward, and at the same time, the left and right control plates return to the normal position under the tension of the tension spring, and the duckbill mechanism closes and resets.

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