Nursery method, nursery device and use method of critically endangered plant qiaohai five-needle pine

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wild plant cultivation, in particular to a seedling raising method, a seedling raising device and a use method of an extremely endangered plant Qiaohua five-needle pine, the seedling raising method comprising seed collection and processing, seed conditioning and testing, seed germination, nursery selection, seedling cultivation, seedling management and fertilization, etc., and the seedling raising container selects a specially designed seedling raising device.The seedling raising device comprises a seedling raising box and a sprinkling irrigation box, the inner cavity of the seedling raising box is provided with a plurality of placing plates, the front and rear sidewalls of each placing plate are fixedly connected with a support plate, the sidewalls away from the placing plates of the support plates are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising box, the top surface of each placing plate is provided with a tray, and a plurality of draining holes are formed in the bottom surface of the tray.The present application can effectively protect endangered plants while expanding the number of seedlings, and avoid the extinction of species.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cultivating wild plants, in particular extremely endangered wild plants, and in particular to a seedling raising method, a seedling raising device and a use method of an extremely endangered plant, i.e. Pinus fenzeliana. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pinus fenzeliana is only distributed in Yangjiawan Village, Zhangmuqiang and Zhongzhai Township, Bahe Tan Town, Qiaojia County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, China. In 1999, it was listed as a national grade I protected wild plant, in 2012, it was listed as one of the 100 most endangered tree species in the world by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and in 2021, it was again included in the national grade I protected wild plant list. In the "China Biodiversity Red List - Higher Plants Volume (2020)" released in 2023, it was assessed as critically endangered (CR). Due to its small number in the wild, Pinus fenzeliana is the most effective protection method by artificial seedling raising for ex-situ conservation and return planting to increase its population and reduce the risk of extinction. Studies have shown that the main reasons for the endangerment of Pinus fenzeliana are the small number of effective seeds, the structure of the seed scale that is not conducive to seed shedding, the weak seed germination potential, the lack of seedlings and young trees, and the poor natural regeneration capacity.

[0003] Pinus fenzeliana is prone to sudden death and stand diseases during seedling raising, which causes the base of the seed to rot and die in patches shortly after germination. The humidity and dosage required during each growth cycle are different, and the existing traditional seedling raising box needs to take out each seedling tray for sprinkling irrigation or spraying of pesticides, although the effect of sprinkling irrigation can be achieved, but each time the seedling tray is taken out and placed, the seedling is prone to shaking, which increases the probability of breaking the seedling from the root. In addition, frequent opening of the sealed door of the seedling raising box will cause a large change in the internal temperature difference of the seedling raising box, which is not conducive to the growth of the seedlings. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a Pinus fenzeliana seedling raising method, a seedling raising device and a use method, which can reduce the breaking phenomenon of the seedling caused by shaking by taking out and placing the seedling tray at the same slow force each time.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0006] A seedling raising method of an extremely endangered plant, i.e. Pinus fenzeliana, comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Seed collection and treatment

[0008] (1) Seed collection

[0009] January to February, in the field to select the growth of good individual five-needle pine, pine cone from green to white gray and scale have signs of cracking when the collection;

[0010] (2) Seed conditioning

[0011] By putting pine cone in dry ventilation sieve 15d-30d, when the scale is obviously cracked, the seed is shaken out by using two pine cones to hit each other, and then dried and removed impurities;

[0012] (3) Seed quality inspection

[0013] Seed quality inspection is carried out according to the provisions of GB7908-1999 on white pine seeds;

[0014] (4) Seed germination

[0015] Warm water with initial temperature of 35℃-45℃ is used to soak the seeds for 10h-12h for germination;

[0016] S2: Plot selection

[0017] (1) Climate conditions

[0018] Altitude range 1500m-2500m, temperature 15℃-25℃.

[0019] (2) Plot selection

[0020] Select sandy loam soil, good light, slightly high terrain, good drainage irrigation and waterlogging prevention conditions;

[0021] S3: Seedling cultivation

[0022] (1) Bed preparation

[0023] Level the plot, bed width 1m-1.2m;

[0024] (2) Substrate for seedling raising

[0025] Select one of the following substrates:

[0026] a) Select 90% weathered soil with particle size of 0.2cm-0.5cm + 10% perlite, mix and sterilize according to the method in Table 1;

[0027] b) Select 40%-50% peat soil + 10% perlite + 20%-30% Lushan soil + 20%-30% coconut husk, mix evenly;

[0028] S4: Seedling raising

[0029] (1) Seedling container adopts seedling device or nutrient bag, seedling device seedling box is used with seedling tray; the diameter of the nutrient bag is 6.5cm-12cm; the substrate is filled into the seedling tray or the nutrient bag, slightly compacted, arranged and placed to the seedbed for standby, and the seedling temperature and humidity are monitored through the seedling box;

[0030] (2) Sowing

[0031] The sowing quantity of each seedling tray planting hole is 1-2 seeds, the sowing depth of the seedling container is 1-2 cm, and the seed sowing is carried out in the morning of March-April when the temperature is 13-17 ℃;

[0032] S5: seedling management

[0033] (1) Water management

[0034] After sowing, water is poured in time to keep the substrate moist; the time and amount of watering: under dry weather, water once every 3-5 days, the watering time is selected before 10 o'clock in the morning, and the water is poured once, and the watering is reduced in rainy weather;

[0035] (2) Disease and pest control

[0036] The main diseases in the seedling stage are stem and leaf rot, seedling sudden collapse or stand disease, and the seedling diseases are prevented by the method in table 2, and the emerged seedlings are protected from bird and animal damage by shading net;

[0037] (3) Fertilization

[0038] After transplanting for 1-2 months, 0.1%-0.2% potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer aqueous solution or 0.1%-0.2% dihydrogen potassium phosphate aqueous solution is sprayed, and the interval is 15-30 days each time, and the two can be used alternately;

[0039] S5: nursery stock

[0040] The nursery stock selects two-year seedlings, the seedling height is 18-25 cm, and the ground diameter is greater than 0.6 cm.

[0041] A seedling device for a critically endangered plant Qiaohua five-needle pine, comprising a seedling box and a sprinkling irrigation box, a rectangular groove is formed in the right side wall of the seedling box, the seedling box and the sprinkling irrigation box are communicated through the rectangular groove, a plurality of placing plates are arranged in the inner cavity of the seedling box, supporting plates are fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the placing plates respectively, the side walls away from the placing plates of the supporting plates are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling box, and the top surfaces of the placing plates are provided with trays;

[0042] Two lifting assemblies are arranged in the inner cavity of the seedling box, a cross beam is assembled between the two lifting assemblies, an installation plate is assembled on the top surface of the cross beam, and a transfer assembly is arranged on the side wall of the installation plate;

[0043] The top surface of the sprinkling box is fixedly connected with two medicine boxes, a sprinkling assembly is arranged between the two medicine boxes, the left side wall of the seedling box is provided with an opening, and the left side wall of the seedling box is assembled with a sealing door.

[0044] The bottom surface of the tray is fixedly connected with support rods near the four corners, two limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the top surface of the placing plate, and the support rods are matched with the limiting grooves.

[0045] The lifting assembly comprises electric sliding rails fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the seedling box, sliding blocks are slidably connected to the side walls of the electric sliding rails, and the two ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks on the two sides respectively.

[0046] The transfer assembly comprises an electric push rod fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate, a connecting plate fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod and penetrating through the mounting plate, at least three supporting plates fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate, and a motor fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cross beam and having an output end penetrating through the cross beam and fixedly connected with the mounting plate.

[0047] The sprinkling assembly comprises a water pump fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkling box, the water inlet end of the water pump is communicated with the medicine box, a flow guide pipe is fixedly installed on the top surface of the sprinkling box, one end of the flow guide pipe is fixedly connected with the water outlet end of the water pump, the other end of the flow guide pipe penetrates through the sprinkling box and is fixedly connected with a hollow plate, and the bottom surface of the hollow plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of spray heads.

[0048] The top surface of the medicine box is an opening, the top surface of the medicine box is provided with a cover plate, and the top surface of the cover plate is fixedly connected with a handle.

[0049] A control valve is assembled at the connection between the flow guide pipe and the water inlet end of the water pump.

[0050] The right side wall of the sprinkling box is fixedly connected with a drain pipe near the bottom surface, and a valve is installed on the side wall of the drain pipe.

[0051] A method for using a seedling device for an extremely endangered plant, Qiaohua five-needle pine, comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: First, place the sowed seedling tray in the tray, then close the sealing door, and complete the placement of the seedling tray;

[0053] S2: When it is necessary to irrigate or spray the seedling tray, first start the electric sliding rail to drive the sliding block to move, the sliding block drives the transfer assembly to lift through the cross beam, and when the transfer assembly is lifted to a suitable height, the electric push rod is driven to drive the supporting plate to insert into the gap between the placing plate and the tray;

[0054] S3: Then the electric slide rail rises a small distance, thereby driving the support rod to be separated from the limiting groove, and then the electric push rod resets, the tray is pulled out from the placing plate, then the electric slide rail drives the transfer assembly and the tray to descend, so that the tray is in a relative position with the rectangular groove, and then the motor is started to drive the transfer assembly to rotate 180 degrees as a whole through the mounting plate, so that the tray enters the sprinkling box through the rectangular groove;

[0055] S4: Then according to the seedling spraying demand, the water flow or the pesticide is selected, the communication state of the flow guide pipe and the pesticide box is controlled through the control valve, then the water pump is started, the liquid in one of the pesticide boxes is delivered into the hollow plate, and is sprayed from the spray head, so that the seedling tray in the tray is treated by the water flow or the pesticide;

[0056] S5: After the treatment in the above step is completed, the electric push rod resets the tray to the seedling box through the rectangular groove, the motor drives the transfer assembly to rotate 180 degrees reversely, and after the tray is lifted to the corresponding height by the electric slide rail, the electric push rod sends the tray back to the placing plate.

[0057] The technical effects obtained by the application are as follows:

[0058] The seedling method, the seedling device and the use method of the extremely endangered plant Qiaohua five-needle pine provided by the application innovate the seedling measures of the extremely endangered plant Qiaohua five-needle pine, provide technical support for scientific research, ex-situ conservation, population regression and other rescue protection work of the Qiaohua five-needle pine, and are favorable for guaranteeing the safety of national biological diversity resources. In addition, through the specially designed unique seedling device and the use method, the mutual cooperation between the seedling box, the sprinkling box, the tray, the lifting assembly and the transfer assembly and the measures of automatically taking out and placing the seedling tray make the seedling tray be taken out and placed at the same slow force each time, so that the breaking phenomenon of the seedling caused by shaking can be reduced; and when the seedling is irrigated or sprayed with pesticide, the operation is carried out in the box body, so that the problem of large temperature difference change can be reduced, thereby guaranteeing the growth of the seedling. The application provides technical support for sustainable development and utilization of seedling resources of the Qiaohua five-needle pine, and realizes economic benefits, environmental benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the application;

[0060] Figure 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the application;

[0061] Figure 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the application;

[0062] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a tray and a placing plate in an embodiment of the application;

[0063] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the transfer assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0065] In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0066] 1, seedling box; 2, sprinkling irrigation box; 3, placing plate; 4, supporting plate; 5, tray; 6, supporting rod; 7, limiting groove; 8, rectangular groove; 9, electric sliding rail; 10, sliding block; 11, cross beam; 12, electric push rod; 13, mounting plate; 14, connecting plate; 15, supporting plate; 16, motor; 17, sealing door; 18, medicine box; 19, flow guide pipe; 20, water pump; 21, control valve; 22, blow-off pipe; 23, cover plate; 24, hollow plate; 25, spray head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is specifically described below in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present application, and does not strictly limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0068] Embodiment 1

[0069] The seedling technology steps of the extremely endangered plant Qiaohua five-needle pine provided in the embodiment are as follows:

[0070] 1. Scope

[0071] The present application specifies the technical requirements of seed collection and processing, nursery site selection, seedling cultivation, and nursery of Qiaohua five-needle pine, and is suitable for seedling of Qiaohua five-needle pine.

[0072] 2. Normative reference documents

[0073] The following normative reference documents are applicable to the present application: GB 7908-1999 Forest Tree Seed Quality Grading, GB 10016-1988 Forest Tree Seed Storage. The version dated only corresponds to the version of the date; the latest version (including all amendments) of the reference document without date is applicable to the present application.

[0074] 3. Terms and definitions

[0075] The following terms and definitions are applicable to the present application.

[0076] 3.1 Qiaohua five-needle pine Pinus squamata is an arbor of Pinaceae Pinus, with a height of up to 30 m, and belongs to the national I-level key protected wild plant and extremely small population wild plant.

[0077] 3.2 Extremely Small Populations of Wild Plants Plant species with extremely small populations are those with narrow distribution areas or discontinuous distribution, long-term restriction by internal and external factors, population degradation and continuous decrease in number, extremely small population and individual number, and below the minimum survival population of stable survival limit, and close to extinction at any time.

[0078] 3.3 Original Population Also known as original population, original population refers to the population naturally grown in the original habitat, and the population grown in the wild by artificial reestablishment or return.

[0079] 4. Seed collection and processing

[0080] 4.1 Seed collection

[0081] In January-February, select the well-grown individuals of Qiaohai Pinus parviflora in the wild, and collect the pine cones when the pine cones change from green to grayish brown and the scales show signs of cracking; it is appropriate to collect from the original population.

[0082] 4.2 Seed conditioning

[0083] Put the pine cone in a dry and ventilated sieve for 15-30 days, and then shake the seeds out by hitting two pine cones against each other, and then dry and remove impurities.

[0084] 4.3 Seed quality inspection

[0085] Seed quality inspection is carried out according to the provisions of GB7908-1999 for white pine seeds.

[0086] 4.5 Seed germination

[0087] Seed soaking: use warm water with an initial temperature of 35-45°C to soak the seeds for 10-12 hours.

[0088] 5. Plot selection

[0089] 5.1 Climatic conditions Altitude range 1500-2500m, temperature 15-25°C.

[0090] 5.2 Plot selection Preferably select sandy loam soil, good light, slightly high terrain, good drainage, irrigation and waterlogging prevention conditions.

[0091] 6. Seedling cultivation

[0092] 6.1 Bed preparation

[0093] Level the plot, and the bed width should be 1-1.2m.

[0094] 6.2 Seedling substrate

[0095] One of the following substrates can be selected:

[0096] a) Select 90% weathered soil (particle size: 0.2cm-0.5cm) + 10% perlite, mix well and sterilize according to the method in Table 1.

[0097] b) Select 40%-50% peat soil (particle size: 0.2cm-0.5cm) + 10% perlite + 20%-30% Lushan soil + 20%-30% coconut husk, mix well.

[0098] Table 1 Soil sterilization method

[0099]

[0100] 6.3 Seedling container

[0101] The seedling container is a specially designed seedling device, in which the seedling box is matched with the seedling tray, or a nutrient bag with a diameter of 6.5cm-12cm is selected.

[0102] 6.4 Substrate loading

[0103] Load the substrate into the seedling tray or nutrient bag, slightly compact it, and arrange it on the seedbed for standby. Monitor the seedling temperature and humidity through the seedling box.

[0104] 6.5 Sowing

[0105] Sow 1-2 seeds per seedling container. The sowing depth is 1-2cm. It is recommended to sow the seeds in the morning from March to April, when the temperature is 13-17℃.

[0106] 6.6 Seedling management

[0107] 6.6.1 Water management

[0108] After sowing, water thoroughly and keep the substrate moist. The watering time and amount: in dry weather, water once every 3-5 days. The watering time should be selected before 10am, water thoroughly at a time, and reduce watering in rainy weather.

[0109] 6.6.2 Disease and pest control

[0110] The main diseases in the seedling stage are stem and leaf rot, seedling sudden collapse or stand disease, and no other diseases and pests have been found. Refer to Appendix A Table A.1 Seedling Disease Control Method for seedling disease control. The emerged seedlings are protected from birds and animals by shading with a shading net.

[0111] 6.6.3 Fertilization

[0112] About 1 month to 2 months after transplanting, spray 0.1% to 0.2% potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer aqueous solution, or spray 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, each time interval 15d to 30d, can be alternately applied.

[0113] 7. Seedling nursery

[0114] The nursery seedlings are preferably two-year-old seedlings, with a height of 18cm to 25cm and a ground diameter of >0.6cm, which are suitable for vigorous growth and high survival rate.

[0115] The seedling disease prevention method is shown in Table 2.

[0116] Table 2 Seedling disease prevention method

[0117]

[0118] Example 2:

[0119] As Figures 1-6 shown, an extremely endangered plant Qiaohai five-needle pine seedling device includes a seedling box 1 and a sprinkling irrigation box 2, a rectangular groove 8 is formed in the right side wall of the seedling box 1, the seedling box 1 and the sprinkling irrigation box 2 are communicated through the rectangular groove 8, a plurality of placing plates 3 are arranged in the inner cavity of the seedling box 1, the front and rear side walls of the placing plate 3 are fixedly connected with the supporting plates 4, the side walls away from the placing plate 3 of the supporting plates 4 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling box 1, the top surfaces of the placing plates 3 are provided with the trays 5, and a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the bottom surface of the tray 5.

[0120] The seedling box 1 is provided with two lifting assemblies, a cross beam 11 is assembled between the two lifting assemblies, the cross beam 11 is assembled with a mounting plate 13, and the side wall of the mounting plate 13 is provided with a transfer assembly.

[0121] The top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box 2 is fixedly connected with two medicine boxes 18, the top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box 2 is provided with a sprinkling irrigation assembly between the two medicine boxes 18, the left side wall of the seedling box 1 is provided as an opening, and the left side wall of the seedling box 1 is assembled with a sealing door 17.

[0122] The bottom surface of the tray 5 is fixedly connected with support rods 6 near the four corners, the top surface of the placing plate 3 is symmetrically provided with two limiting grooves 7, and the support rods 6 are matched with the limiting grooves 7. The height of the support rod 6 is greater than the depth of the limiting groove 7, so that when the tray 5 is placed on the placing plate 3, there is a gap between the placing plate 3 and the tray 5, which facilitates the insertion of the supporting plate 15 to take out the tray 5; in addition, the seedling tray is placed in the tray 5 to play a supporting role. Traditional seedling trays are mostly made of soft plastic materials, including polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene, etc. The seedling tray can effectively ensure that the seedling roots develop fully and the seedlings will not shake or fall out when the tray 5 is moved or turned over.

[0123] As shown in Figure 2 , the lifting assembly includes an electric sliding rail 9 fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the seedling box 1, a sliding block 10 slidably connected to the side wall of the electric sliding rail 9, and a cross beam 11 fixedly connected to the two sliding blocks 10 at both ends. The cooperation between the electric sliding rail 9 and the sliding block 10 is used to drive the transfer assembly to lift, and the transfer assembly is used to conveniently transfer the seedling tray and perform irrigation treatment. The electric sliding rail 9 and the sliding block 10 belong to existing conventional technology, and their principles will not be described in detail in this application.

[0124] In this scheme, the seedling tray is taken out for automatic irrigation or pesticide spraying treatment. The transfer assembly includes an electric push rod 12 fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate 13, a connecting plate 14 fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 12 and penetrating the mounting plate 13, at least three supporting plates 15 fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate 14, an electric motor 16 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cross beam 11 and having an output end penetrating the cross beam 11 and fixedly connected to the mounting plate 13. The automatic taking out and placing of the seedling tray makes the taking out and placing of the seedling tray each time at the same slow force, which can reduce the breaking phenomenon of the seedlings caused by shaking. This way eliminates the step of manual irrigation treatment, so that the irrigation amount and time can be kept constant each time.

[0125] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the sprinkling irrigation assembly includes a water pump 20 fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box 2, the water inlet end of the water pump 20 being in communication with the medicine tank 18, a flow guide pipe 19 fixedly installed on the top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box 2, one end of the flow guide pipe 19 being fixedly connected to the water outlet end of the water pump 20, the other end of the flow guide pipe 19 penetrating the sprinkling irrigation box 2 and being fixedly connected with a hollow plate 24, and the bottom surface of the hollow plate 24 being fixedly connected with a plurality of spray heads 25.

[0126] Specifically, when irrigating or spraying a single tray 5, in order to prevent excess water in the soil from dripping downwards and affecting the growth of the seedlings below, after the irrigation treatment of the tray 5 and the seedling tray is completed in the irrigation box 2, the tray 5 can be kept in the irrigation box 2 for 5-20 minutes through a delay control. This is to drain the excess water from the seedling tray and prevent the impact of the dripping water from affecting the seedlings below after the tray 5 is placed on the placement plate 3, thereby improving the treatment effect.

[0127] As shown in the figure, the top surface of the medicine box 18 is open, and a cover plate 23 is provided on the top surface of the medicine box 18. A handle is fixedly connected to the top surface of the cover plate 23. One of the two medicine boxes 18 is a water box for irrigation and maintaining humidity, and the other is a medicine box for spraying medicine on seedlings. The cover plate 23 facilitates the addition of water or medicine to the medicine box 18, and at the same time, it also helps to keep the medicine box 18 in a sealed state during use, avoiding contamination and preventing the spread of odors.

[0128] like Figure 3 As shown, a control valve 21 is installed at the connection between the guide pipe 19 and the water inlet of the water pump 20. When it is necessary to spray clean water onto the seedling tray, turning the control valve 21 to the left will connect the guide pipe 19 to the clean water tank. When it is necessary to spray pesticides onto the seedling tray, turning the control valve 21 to the right will connect the guide pipe 19 to the pesticide tank.

[0129] A drain pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the sprinkler box 2 near the bottom, and a valve is installed on the side wall of the drain pipe 22. When there is a lot of sewage remaining at the bottom of the sprinkler box 2, the sewage can be discharged through the drain pipe 22 to prevent mold growth inside the sprinkler box 2 and affect the growth of seedlings.

[0130] Example 3:

[0131] A method for using a seedling cultivation device for the critically endangered plant *Pinus qiaojiaensis* includes the following steps:

[0132] S1: First, place the seedling trays after sowing into tray 5, then close the sealing door 17 to complete the placement of the seedling trays;

[0133] S2: When it is necessary to irrigate or spray the seedling tray, first start the electric slide rail 9 to drive the slider 10 to move. The slider 10 drives the transfer component to rise and fall through the crossbeam 11. When the transfer component rises and falls to the appropriate height, drive the electric push rod 12 to drive the tray 15 to insert into the gap between the placement plate 3 and the tray 5.

[0134] S3: Then the electric slide rail 9 rises a small distance, thereby driving the support rod 6 out of the limiting groove 7, then the electric push rod 12 resets, and the tray 5 is pulled out from the placing plate 3, then the electric slide rail 9 drives the transfer assembly and the tray 5 to descend, so that the tray 5 is in a relative position with the rectangular groove 8, and then the motor 16 is started to drive the transfer assembly as a whole to rotate 180° through the mounting plate 13, so that the tray 5 enters the sprinkling box 2 through the rectangular groove 8;

[0135] S4: Then according to the spraying demand of the seedlings, the water flow or the pesticide is selected, the communication state of the flow guide pipe 19 and the medicine box 18 is controlled through the control valve 21, then the water pump 20 is started, the water pump 20 transports the liquid in one of the medicine boxes 18 into the hollow plate 24, and sprays from the nozzle 25, so as to irrigate or spray pesticide treatment to the seedling tray in the tray 5;

[0136] S5: After the above step is completed, the electric push rod 12 resets the tray 5 through the rectangular groove 8 to return to the seedling box 1, the motor 16 drives the transfer assembly to rotate reversely by 180°, the electric slide rail 9 drives the tray to rise to the corresponding height, then the tray is sent back to the placing plate through the electric push rod, and the irrigation or pesticide spraying treatment is completed.

[0137] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present application, such as without special description and limitation, are implemented according to the conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A seedling raising method for an extremely endangered plant, Pinus squarrosa, characterized by, Comprising the following steps: S1: Seed collection and processing (1) Seed collection In January-February, select well-grown individuals of Qiaohai Pinus in the wild, and collect the cones when the cones change from green to grayish brown and the scales show signs of cracking; (2) Seed conditioning Put the pine cones in a dry and ventilated sieve for 15-30 days. After the scales crack, shake the seeds out by hitting two pine cones against each other. Dry in the shade and remove impurities; (3) Seed quality inspection Seed quality inspection is carried out according to the provisions of GB7908-1999 for white pine seeds; (4) Seed germination Soak the seeds in warm water with an initial temperature of 35-45°C for 10-12 hours for germination; S2: Plot selection (1) Climate conditions Altitude range 1500-2500m, temperature 15-25°C; (2) Plot selection Select sandy loam soil, good light, slightly high terrain, good drainage, irrigation and waterlogging prevention conditions; S3: Seedling cultivation (1) Bed preparation Level the plot, bed width 1-1.2m; (2) Substrate selection Select one of the following substrates: a) Select 90% weathered soil with particle size 0.2-0.5cm and 10% perlite, mix and disinfect with fungicide carbendazim, ferrous sulfate and zineb; b) Select 40-50% peat soil with particle size 0.2-0.5cm, 10% perlite, 20-30% Lushan soil and 20-30% coconut husk, mix well; S4: Seedling (1) Use seedling device or nutrient bag for seedling, seedling device is used with seedling box and seedling tray; nutrient bag diameter is 6.5-12cm; fill the substrate into the seedling tray or nutrient bag, compact and arrange on the seedbed, monitor the temperature and humidity of the seedbed through the seedling box; (2) Sowing Sow 1-2 seeds per seedling hole, seedling container sowing depth 1-2cm, choose morning in March-April, temperature 13-17°C for seed sowing; S5: Seedling management (1) Water management Water thoroughly after sowing and keep the substrate moist; water time and amount: in dry weather, water once every 3-5 days, water once before 10am, reduce watering in rainy weather; (2) Disease and pest control Main diseases in seedling stage are stem and leaf rot, pine seedling sudden collapse or stand disease, use potassium permanganate, ferrous sulfate, carbendazim and zineb for disease control, use shading net to protect the emerging seedlings from damage by birds and animals; (3) Fertilization 1-2 months after transplanting, spray 0.1-0.2% potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer solution, or 0.1-0.2% monopotassium phosphate solution, every 15-30 days, alternate use; S5: Seedling out of nursery Select two-year-old seedlings with height 18-25cm and diameter >0.6cm for out of nursery; The seedling raising device of step S4 comprises a seedling raising box (1), which is communicated with a sprinkling irrigation box (2) through a rectangular groove (8) at the right side wall, a plurality of placing plates (3) are arranged in the longitudinal direction in the inner cavity of the seedling raising box (1), each layer of the placing plates (3) is fixed on a supporting plate (4), the side end of the supporting plate (4) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising box (1), and a tray (5) is arranged above each placing plate (3), and a plurality of draining holes are uniformly formed in the tray (5); Two lifting assemblies are arranged in the inner cavity of the seedling raising box (1), a cross beam (11) is assembled between the two lifting assemblies, an installation plate (13) is assembled on the top surface of the cross beam (11), and a transfer assembly is arranged on the side wall of the installation plate (13); The top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box (2) is fixedly connected with two medicine boxes (18), a sprinkling irrigation assembly is arranged on the top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box (2) between the two medicine boxes (18), the left side wall of the seedling raising box (1) is provided as an opening, and a sealing door (17) is assembled on the left side wall of the seedling raising box (1).

2. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus kwangtungensis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Supporting rods (6) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the tray (5) near the four corners, two limiting grooves (7) are symmetrically formed in the top surface of the placing plate (3), and the supporting rods (6) are matched with the limiting grooves (7).

3. The method for raising Abies chensiensis, an extremely endangered plant, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises electric sliding rails (9) fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the seedling raising box (1), sliding blocks (10) slidingly connected to the electric sliding rails (9), and the cross beam (11) fixedly connected to the two sliding blocks (10) at the two ends.

4. The method for raising Abies chensiensis, an extremely endangered plant, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer assembly comprises an electric push rod (12) fixedly connected to the side wall of the installation plate (13), a connecting plate (14) fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod (12) and penetrating through the installation plate (13), and at least three supporting plates (15) fixedly connected to the other side wall of the connecting plate (14); and the bottom surface of the installation plate (13) is fixedly connected with the output end of a motor (16), and the motor (16) is fixedly connected to the cross beam (11).

5. The method for raising Abies chensiensis, an extremely endangered plant, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sprinkling irrigation assembly comprises a water pump (20) fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box (2), the water inlet end of the water pump (20) is communicated with the medicine box (18), a flow guide pipe (19) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the sprinkling irrigation box (2), one end of the flow guide pipe (19) is fixedly connected with the water outlet end of the water pump (20), the other end of the flow guide pipe (19) penetrates through the sprinkling irrigation box (2) and is communicated with a hollow plate (24) fixedly connected below, and a plurality of spray heads (25) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hollow plate (24).

6. The method for raising Abies chensiensis, an extremely endangered plant, according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover plate (23) with a handle is arranged on the top surface of the medicine box (18).

7. The method for raising Abies chensiensis, an extremely endangered plant, according to claim 5, characterized in that: A control valve (21) is assembled at the connection position between the flow guide pipe (19) and the water inlet end of the water pump (20).

8. The method for raising Abies chensiensis, an extremely endangered plant, according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain pipe (22) with a valve is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the sprinkling irrigation box (2) near the bottom surface.

9. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus kwangtungensis as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The use method of the seedling raising device comprises the following steps: S1: first, place the seedling trays after sowing in the trays (5) in sequence, then close the sealing door (17), and complete the placement of the seedling trays; S2: When the seedling tray needs to be irrigated or sprayed with pesticides, first start the electric slide rail (9) to drive the sliding block (10) and the cross beam (11) to move up and down. When it reaches the corresponding height, drive the electric push rod (12) to insert the supporting plate (15) into the gap between the placement plate (3) and the tray (5); S3: The electric slide rail (9) rises a small distance to make the supporting rod (6) disengage from the limiting groove (7). The electric push rod (12) resets the tray (5) from the placement plate (3). Then the electric slide rail (9) lifts the transfer assembly and the tray (5) to the relative position of the tray (5) and the rectangular groove (8). Start the motor (16) to rotate the transfer assembly 180° through the mounting plate (13). The electric push rod (12) sends the tray (5) into the sprinkler box (2) through the rectangular groove (8); S4: According to the seedling irrigation requirements, select the water flow or pesticide. Control the valve (21) to select the communication state of the flow guide pipe (19) and the medicine box (18). Then start the water pump (20). The water pump (20) sends the liquid in one of the medicine boxes (18) to the hollow plate (24) and sprays it from the nozzle (25) to the seedling tray in the tray (5); S5: After the above step is completed, the electric push rod (12) resets the tray (5) through the rectangular groove (8) to return to the seedling box. The motor (16) drives the transfer assembly to rotate 180° in the opposite direction. The electric slide rail (9) drives the tray (5) to move up and down to the corresponding height. Then the electric push rod (12) sends the tray (5) back to the placement plate (3).

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