Dust and poison synergistic efficient purification cartridge filter and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust and poison synergistic efficient purification filter cartridge dust remover and a use method thereof. The dust and poison synergistic efficient purification filter cartridge dust remover comprises a dust removal box body, an air inlet pipe, a double-layer filter cartridge, a blowing dust removal device and an air outlet pipe, a mounting partition plate is fixed in the dust removal box body, the top end of the double-layer filter cartridge is fixedly connected with the mounting partition plate, and the blowing dust removal device is arranged at the top of the double-layer filter cartridge; the double-layer filter cartridge comprises an outer filter cartridge and an inner filter cartridge which are coaxially arranged, and the outer filter cartridge covers the outer side of the inner filter cartridge; the outer filter cartridge is used for intercepting and filtering large-particle dust and adsorbing part of toxic gas, the inner filter cartridge comprises an outer-layer filter material and an inner-layer fine adsorption interlayer, and the outer-layer filter material is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner-layer fine adsorption interlayer; the outer-layer filter material is used for filtering fine dust, and the inner-layer fine adsorption interlayer is filled with purification particles and is used for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia gas. Through the design of the double-layer filter cylinder, pulse dust removal and spring dust discharging structures are combined, and the functions of efficient dust removal, harmful gas adsorption and convenient maintenance are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air purification, and in particular to a dust and poison co - efficient high - efficiency purification cartridge dust collector and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] During industrial production processes, dust - containing gases and harmful gases (such as carbon monoxide, ammonia, etc.) are generated, and they need to be purified in a timely manner. Otherwise, they will cause serious harm to the environment and human health. Existing cartridge dust collectors can usually only remove particulate matter, have limited adsorption capacity for harmful gases, low dust - cleaning efficiency, and inconvenient maintenance. They usually adopt a single - layer cartridge structure, unable to simultaneously remove dust and adsorb harmful gases, with unsatisfactory cartridge dust - cleaning effects, and complex cartridge replacement and ash - discharging operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cartridge dust collector that can simultaneously purify dust and harmful gases and has convenient dust - cleaning and ash - discharging functions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a dust and poison co - efficient high - efficiency purification cartridge dust collector and its usage method. Through a double - layer cartridge design, combined with pulse dust - cleaning and spring ash - discharging structures, it realizes the functions of high - efficiency dust removal, harmful gas adsorption, and convenient maintenance.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dust and poison co - efficient high - efficiency purification cartridge dust collector, which includes a dust - removal box body, an air inlet pipe, a double - layer cartridge, a jet dust - cleaning device, and an air outlet pipe; an installation partition is fixed inside the dust - removal box body, and the installation partition divides the inner cavity of the dust - removal box body into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. One ends of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the lower chamber and the upper chamber; the top end of the double - layer cartridge is connected and fixed to the installation partition, and the jet dust - cleaning device is arranged on the top of the double - layer cartridge;

[0005] The double - layer cartridge includes an outer cartridge and an inner cartridge arranged coaxially, and the outer cartridge covers the outside of the inner cartridge; the outer cartridge is used for intercepting and filtering large - particle dust and adsorbing part of the toxic gases, and the inner cartridge includes an outer filter material and an inner fine - adsorption interlayer. The outer filter material is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner fine - adsorption interlayer; the outer filter material is used for filtering fine dust, and the inner fine - adsorption interlayer is filled with purification particles for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia.

[0006] Further, the preparation method of the purification particles includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Mix activated carbon and molecular sieve in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:1;

[0008] Step 2: Activate the mixed material at a high temperature, the activation temperature is 300°C to 500°C, and the activation time is 2 to 4 hours;

[0009] Step 3: Immerse the activated material in a solution containing metal oxides, where the metal oxides include copper oxide and zinc oxide, and the mass ratio of copper oxide to zinc oxide is from 1:1 to 2:1, and the immersion time is 1 to 3 hours;

[0010] Step 4: Dry the immersed material at 100°C to 150°C to obtain purified particles.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation method of the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Mix polyimide fiber and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 10:1 to 5:1, add them to 100 mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically disperse for 30 minutes to 1 hour;

[0013] Step 2: Prepare a fiber membrane through an electrospinning process, with a voltage of 15 kV to 25 kV, a spinning distance of 10 cm to 20 cm, and a spinning speed of 0.5 mL / h to 1.5 mL / h;

[0014] Step 3: Immerse the fiber membrane in silica sol for 1 hour to 2 hours, then pre-dry at 80°C to 120°C for 30 minutes, and then heat-treat at 250°C to 300°C for 1 hour to form a stable gel network of silica;

[0015] Step 4: Immerse the fiber membrane in a solution containing iron ions for 1 hour to 2 hours, and then dry at 120°C to 150°C;

[0016] Step 5: Under nitrogen protection, heat-treat at 300°C to 400°C for 1 hour to 2 hours to obtain the filter material.

[0017] Furthermore, a diverter plate inclined upward is provided at the bottom of the support mesh holes of the inner filter cartridge for guiding the direction of the airflow ejected from the straight nozzle of the pulse jet cleaning device.

[0018] Furthermore, an automatic ash discharge plate is provided at the bottom of the double-layer filter cartridge. The automatic ash discharge plate includes two symmetrically arranged semi-circular plate pieces. Each plate piece is hinged to the bottom of the outer filter cartridge, and a spring is connected to the upper surface of each plate piece. The end of the spring away from the plate piece is connected to the outer filter cartridge.

[0019] Furthermore, a chuck is provided at the top of the double-layer filter cartridge, and the double-layer filter cartridge is detachably connected to the installation partition through the chuck.

[0020] Further, the jet pulse cleaning device includes a straight pipe nozzle and a circular pipe nozzle. The circular pipe nozzle is coaxial with the outer filter cartridge. A plurality of spray nozzles are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer filter cartridge. The jet direction of the spray nozzles is between the outer filter cartridge and the inner filter cartridge. The circular pipe nozzle is used to remove some of the dust collected on the outer surface of the outer filter cartridge and the outer wall of the inner filter cartridge. The jet direction of the straight pipe nozzle is located in the middle of the inner filter cartridge. The straight pipe nozzle is used to remove the dust captured by the outer layer of the inner filter cartridge.

[0021] Further, one end of the air inlet pipe passing into the lower chamber is connected with a diffuser port. The diffuser port includes an air inlet housing and a guiding air inlet plate. One end of the air inlet pipe passing into the lower chamber is communicated with the air inlet housing. An air inlet opening is arranged on the end face of the air inlet housing away from the air inlet pipe. The area of the air inlet opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet pipe.

[0022] The guiding air inlet plate is installed at the air inlet opening, and a plurality of guiding air inlet holes are densely arranged on the guiding air inlet plate. The hole direction of the guiding air inlet holes is inclined upward in the direction close to the double-layer filter cartridge, and the included angle with the horizontal direction is 30° - 60°.

[0023] Further, a dust discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the air inlet housing. A gravity ash discharge plate is installed at the dust discharge port. One side of the gravity ash discharge plate is hinged and installed on the air inlet housing, and a gravity ball is fixedly connected to one side of the gravity ash discharge plate. In the natural state, the gravity ash discharge plate is tilted upward under the action of the self-weight of the gravity ball to close the dust discharge port at the bottom of the air inlet housing.

[0024] The present invention also provides a use method of a dust and poison synergistic and highly efficient purification filter cartridge dust collector. Using the filter cartridge dust collector, the use method includes the following steps:

[0025] a) The dust and poison gas sequentially enters the dust collector through the air inlet pipe and the diffuser port. The inclined upward structure of the diffuser port guides the air flow to blow more towards the double-layer filter cartridge. At the same time, large particle dust is intercepted by the diffuser port and falls on the gravity ash discharge plate.

[0026] b) When the weight of the large particle dust accumulated on the gravity ash discharge plate is greater than that of the gravity ball, the gravity ash discharge plate opens to discharge ash, and the large particle dust falls to the bottom of the dust collector. After the ash discharge is completed, the gravity ash discharge plate resets under the action of the gravity ball.

[0027] c) The dust and poison gas first passes through the outer filter cartridge for preliminary dust removal and rough adsorption of poisonous gas. Large particle dust and part of the poisonous gas are captured and adsorbed by the outer filter cartridge.

[0028] d) When the outer filter cartridge captures too much large particle dust, resulting in too large a filtration resistance of the outer filter cartridge, the circular pipe nozzle is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter cartridge, and the removed large particle dust falls to the bottom of the dust collector.

[0029] e) The pre-treated dust and poisonous gas enter the inner filter cartridge. The fine dust in the dust-containing airflow is trapped on the outer surface of the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge, and the poisonous gas that has removed dust particles passes through the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge and enters the inner fine adsorption interlayer of the inner filter cartridge. The purification particles in the inner fine adsorption interlayer purify carbon monoxide and ammonia;

[0030] f) Regularly clean the outer filter cartridge and the inner filter cartridge through the pulse jet cleaning device. The inner filter cartridge uses a straight tube nozzle, and the outer filter cartridge uses a round tube nozzle;

[0031] g) When the amount of dust trapped on the outer surface of the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge is too much, resulting in an increase in the resistance of the filter cartridge, open the straight tube nozzle to remove the dust trapped on the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge. The removed dust falls onto the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate;

[0032] h) When the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate reach a certain weight, the spring is stretched, the automatic ash discharge plate opens, and the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate fall into the bottom of the dust collector to achieve ash discharge. After ash discharge, the spring drives the automatic ash discharge plate to rebound and reset to ensure sealing;

[0033] i) The purified gas is discharged through the air outlet pipe.

[0034] Advantages of the present invention:

[0035] A dust and poisonous gas synergistic and highly efficient purification filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention, by designing a double-layer filter cartridge, the outer filter cartridge is used to intercept and filter large particle dust and adsorb part of the poisonous gas, the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge is used to filter fine dust, and the inner fine adsorption interlayer of the inner filter cartridge is filled with purification particles for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia, and then can clean and purify dust and harmful gases at the same time, with better purification effect; and a pulse jet cleaning device is provided, which includes a round tube nozzle and a straight tube nozzle, and can blow and remove the dust trapped on the surfaces of the outer filter cartridge and the inner filter cartridge respectively, and the cleaning effect is more uniform and reliable, ensuring the dust removal and adsorption effect of the double-layer filter cartridge; in addition, a gravity ash discharge plate and an automatic ash discharge plate are also provided to realize the automatic discharge of the accumulated dust. Brief description of the drawings

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the diffusion port part of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the diffusion port part during ash discharge of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the double-layer filter cartridge of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5This is a schematic structural diagram of the deflector in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the chuck in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic ash discharge plate in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic ash discharge plate in the ash discharge state in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a sectional view showing the connection between the pulse jet cleaning device and the filter cartridge in the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1. Dust removal box body; 11. Installation partition; 2. Air inlet pipe; 3. Diffusion port; 31. Air inlet hood; 32. Guide air inlet plate; 33. Gravity ash discharge plate; 34. Gravity ball; 4. Double-layer filter cartridge; 41. Outer filter cartridge; 42. Inner filter cartridge; 421. Outer layer filter material; 422. Inner layer fine adsorption interlayer; 423. Support mesh holes; 424. Deflector; 43. Automatic ash discharge plate; 431. Plate; 432. Spring; 44. Purified particles; 5. Chuck; 51. Chuck cover; 511. Convex groove; 52. Chuck seat; 521. Groove; 6. Pulse jet cleaning device; 61. Straight pipe nozzle; 62. Round pipe nozzle; 7. Air outlet pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] Now, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the components related to the present invention.

[0047] The present invention discloses a dust and poison co - efficient high - efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector.

[0048] Refer to Figure 1 , a dust collector of a dust and poison co - efficient high - efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector includes a dust removal box body 1, an air inlet pipe 2, a double - layer filter cartridge 4, a pulse jet cleaning device 6 and an air outlet pipe 7;

[0049] An installation partition 11 is fixed inside the dust removal box body 1 to divide the inner cavity of the dust removal box body 1 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. One end of the air inlet pipe 2 is communicated with the lower chamber, one end of the air outlet pipe 7 is communicated with the upper chamber, the double - layer filter cartridge 4 is located in the lower chamber, and its top end is fixedly connected to the installation partition 11; the pulse jet cleaning device 6 is located in the upper chamber, and its air outlet faces the double - layer filter cartridge 4.

[0050] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, one end of the air inlet pipe 2 passing through the lower chamber is connected with a diffuser opening 3; the diffuser opening 3 includes an air inlet housing 31 and a guiding air inlet plate 32; one end of the air inlet pipe 2 passing through the lower chamber is communicated with the air inlet housing 31, an air inlet opening is formed on the end face of the air inlet housing 31 far away from the air inlet pipe 2, and the area of the air inlet opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet pipe 2.

[0051] The guiding air inlet plate 32 is installed at the air inlet opening, and a plurality of guiding air inlet holes are densely formed on the guiding air inlet plate 32. The axis of the guiding air inlet hole is inclined upward in the direction close to the double-layer filter cartridge 4, and the included angle with the horizontal direction is 30° - 60°; then the guiding air inlet hole plays a guiding role in the discharging direction of the incoming air flow, so that the incoming air flow can blow towards the double-layer filter cartridge 4 more fully.

[0052] A dust discharge port is formed at the bottom of the air inlet housing 31, a gravity ash discharge plate 33 is installed at the dust discharge port, one side of the gravity ash discharge plate 33 is hinged and installed on the air inlet housing 31, and a gravity ball 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the gravity ash discharge plate 33. In the natural state, the gravity ash discharge plate 33 is tilted upward under the self-weight of the gravity ball 34 to close the dust discharge port at the bottom of the air inlet housing 31. When the accumulated ash in the air inlet housing 31 reaches a weight exceeding that of the gravity ball 34, the gravity ash discharge plate 33 automatically opens, and the accumulated ash is discharged from the air inlet housing 31 to realize the automatic ash discharge function.

[0053] Refer to Figure 4 , the double-layer filter cartridge 4 includes an outer filter cartridge 41 and an inner filter cartridge 42 arranged coaxially, and the outer filter cartridge 41 covers the outside of the inner filter cartridge 42; wherein, the outer filter cartridge 41 is used for intercepting and filtering large-particle dust and adsorbing part of toxic gases, and the inner filter cartridge 42 includes an outer layer of filter material 421 and an inner layer of fine adsorption interlayer 422; the outer layer of filter material 421 is used for filtering fine dust, and the inner layer of fine adsorption interlayer 422 is filled with purification particles 44 for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia. The diameter of the purification particles in the interlayer of the outer filter cartridge 41 is larger than that of the purification particles in the inner layer of the fine adsorption interlayer 422 of the inner filter cartridge 42.

[0054] Among them, the preparation method of the purification particles 44 includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Mix activated carbon and molecular sieve in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:1;

[0056] Step 2: Activate the mixed material at a high temperature, the activation temperature is 300°C to 500°C, and the activation time is 2 to 4 hours;

[0057] Step 3: Immerse the activated material in a solution containing metal oxides. The metal oxides include copper oxide and zinc oxide, and the mass ratio of copper oxide to zinc oxide is 1:1 to 2:1, and the immersion time is 1 to 3 hours;

[0058] Step 4: Dry the impregnated material at 100°C to 150°C to obtain the purified particles 44.

[0059] The filter material of the inner filter cartridge 42 is prepared by the following method:

[0060] Step 1: Mix polyimide fiber and carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 10:1 to 5:1, add them to 100 mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically disperse for 30 minutes to 1 hour;

[0061] Step 2: Prepare a fiber membrane through an electrospinning process, with a voltage of 15 kV to 25 kV, a spinning distance of 10 cm to 20 cm, and a spinning speed of 0.5 mL / h to 1.5 mL / h;

[0062] Step 3: Immerse the fiber membrane in silica sol for 1 hour to 2 hours, then pre-dry at 80°C to 120°C for 30 minutes, and then heat-treat at 250°C to 300°C for 1 hour to form a stable gel network of silica;

[0063] Step 4: Immerse the fiber membrane in a solution containing iron ions for 1 hour to 2 hours, and then dry at 120°C to 150°C;

[0064] Step 5: Under nitrogen protection, heat-treat at 300°C - 400°C for 1 hour to 2 hours to obtain the filter material.

[0065] Refer to Figure 5 , a diverter plate 424 inclined upward is provided at the bottom of the support mesh hole 423 of the inner filter cartridge 42 to guide the direction of the airflow ejected from the straight pipe nozzle 61 of the pulse jet cleaning device 6, so that it can act better on the inner wall surface of the inner filter cartridge 42 to improve the cleaning effect.

[0066] Refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , an automatic ash discharge plate 43 is provided at the bottom of the double-layer filter cartridge 4. The automatic ash discharge plate 43 includes two symmetrically arranged semi-circular plate pieces 431. Each plate piece 431 is hinged at the bottom of the outer filter cartridge 41 of the ash discharge plate, and a spring 432 is connected to the upper surface of each plate piece 431. The other end of the spring 432 is connected to the outer filter cartridge 41. When the accumulated ash in the double-layer filter cartridge 4 reaches a certain weight, the spring 432 is stretched, and the automatic ash discharge plate 43 opens, and the accumulated ash falls into the bottom of the dust collector; after ash discharge, the spring 432 contracts and rebounds, causing the automatic ash discharge plate 43 to reset, ensuring the sealing of the double-layer filter cartridge 4 during filtration and purification.

[0067] Refer to Figure 6, a chuck 5 is provided at the top of the double-layer filter cartridge 4. The double-layer filter cartridge 4 is detachably connected to the mounting partition 11 through the chuck 5, which facilitates later replacement, maintenance and cleaning. The chuck 5 is composed of a chuck cover 51 and a chuck base 52. The chuck base 52 is fixed to the top of the double-layer filter cartridge 4, and the chuck cover 51 is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting partition 11. The chuck cover 51 and the chuck base 52 are matched with each other and are rotationally clamped and connected through a groove 521 and a convex groove 511.

[0068] Referring to Figure 9 , the pulse-jet cleaning device 6 includes a straight pipe nozzle 61 provided at the upper part of the inner filter cartridge 42 and a circular pipe nozzle 62 provided at the upper part of the outer filter cartridge 41. The circular pipe nozzle 62 is coaxial with the outer filter cartridge 41. A plurality of spray openings are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer filter cartridge 41. The jetting direction of the spray openings is located between the outer filter cartridge 41 and the inner filter cartridge 42, and the circular pipe nozzle 62 is used to remove part of the dust captured on the outer surface of the outer filter cartridge 41 and the outer wall of the inner filter cartridge 42. The jetting direction of the straight pipe nozzle 61 is located in the middle of the inner filter cartridge 42, and the straight pipe nozzle 61 is used to remove the dust captured by the outer layer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42.

[0069] The present invention also discloses a method for using a dust and poison synergistic and highly efficient purification filter cartridge dust collector, including the following steps:

[0070] a) The dust and poison gas sequentially passes through the air inlet pipe 2 and the diffusion port 3 and enters the dust collector. The obliquely upward structure of the diffusion port 3 guides the air flow to blow more towards the double-layer filter cartridge 4. At the same time, the large-particle dust is intercepted by the diffusion port 3 and falls on the gravity ash discharge plate 33.

[0071] b) When the weight of the large-particle dust accumulated on the gravity ash discharge plate 33 is greater than that of the gravity ball 34, the gravity ash discharge plate 33 opens to discharge ash, and the large-particle dust falls to the bottom of the dust collector. After the ash discharge is completed, the gravity ash discharge plate 33 resets under the action of the gravity ball 34.

[0072] c) The dust and poison gas first passes through the outer filter cartridge 41 for pre-dust removal and rough adsorption of poisonous gas. The large-particle dust and part of the poisonous gas are captured and adsorbed by the outer filter cartridge 41.

[0073] d) When the outer filter cartridge 41 captures too much large-particle dust, resulting in too large a filtration resistance of the outer filter cartridge 41, the circular pipe nozzle 62 is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter cartridge 41, and the removed large-particle dust falls to the bottom of the dust collector.

[0074] e) The pre-treated dust and poison gas enters the inner filter cartridge 42. The fine dust in the dust-containing air flow is captured on the outer surface of the outer layer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42. The poisonous gas that has removed the dust particles passes through the outer layer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42 and enters the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer 422 of the inner filter cartridge 42. The purification particles 44 in the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer 422 purify carbon monoxide and ammonia.

[0075] f) The outer filter cartridge 41 and the inner filter cartridge 42 are regularly cleaned by the pulse jet cleaning device 6. The straight tube nozzle 61 is used for the inner filter cartridge 42, and the round tube nozzle 62 is used for the outer filter cartridge 41;

[0076] g) When the dust amount captured on the outer surface of the outer layer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42 is excessive, resulting in an increase in the filter cartridge resistance, the straight tube nozzle 61 is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer layer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42, and the removed dust falls onto the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate 43;

[0077] h) When the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate 43 reach a certain weight, the spring 432 is stretched, the automatic ash discharge plate 43 opens, and the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate 43 fall into the bottom of the dust collector to achieve ash discharge. After ash discharge, the spring 432 drives the automatic ash discharge plate 43 to rebound and reset to ensure sealing;

[0078] i) The purified gas is discharged through the air outlet pipe 7.

[0079] Taking the above ideal embodiments according to the present invention as an inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications within the scope not deviating from the technical idea of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dust and poison collaborative high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector, characterized by: The invention comprises a dust removal box (1), an air inlet pipe (2), a double-layer filter cartridge (4), a spray cleaning device (6) and an air outlet pipe (7); a mounting partition (11) is fixed inside the dust removal box (1), and the mounting partition (11) divides the inner cavity of the dust removal box (1) into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and one end of the air inlet pipe (2) and the air outlet pipe (7) are respectively connected to the lower chamber and the upper chamber; the top end of the double-layer filter cartridge (4) is connected and fixed to the mounting partition (11), and the spray cleaning device (6) is arranged on the top of the double-layer filter cartridge (4); The double-layer filter cartridge (4) comprises an outer filter cartridge (41) and an inner filter cartridge (42) which are coaxially arranged, wherein the outer filter cartridge (41) is covered on the outside of the inner filter cartridge (42); the outer filter cartridge (41) is used to intercept and filter large dust particles and adsorb part of the toxic gas, and the inner filter cartridge (42) comprises an outer filter material (421) and an inner fine adsorption interlayer (422), wherein the outer filter material (421) is arranged in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner fine adsorption interlayer (422); the outer filter material (421) is used to filter fine dust, and the inner fine adsorption interlayer (422) is filled with purification particles (44) for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia.

2. The dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 1 is characterized by: The preparation method of the purification particles (44) comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix activated carbon and molecular sieve in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:1; Step 2: Activate the mixed material at high temperature, the activation temperature is 300°C to 500°C, and the activation time is 2 to 4 hours; Step 3: immersing the activated material in a solution containing metal oxides, wherein the metal oxides include copper oxide and zinc oxide, wherein the mass ratio of copper oxide to zinc oxide is 1:1 to 2:1, and the immersion time is 1 to 3 hours; Step 4: Dry the impregnated material at 100°C to 150°C to obtain purified particles (44).

3. A dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42) comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix polyimide fibers and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 10:1 to 5:1, add into 100 mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution, and disperse by ultrasonic for 30 minutes to 1 hour; Step 2: preparing the fiber membrane by electrospinning process, with a voltage of 15 kV to 25 kV, a spinning distance of 10 cm to 20 cm, and a spinning speed of 0.5 mL / h to 1.5 mL / h; Step 3: immersing the fiber membrane in the silica sol for 1 to 2 hours, and then pre-drying at 80°C to 120°C for 30 minutes, and then heat treating at 250°C to 300°C for 1 hour to allow the silica to form a stable gel network; Step 4: Immerse the fiber membrane in a solution containing iron ions for 1 to 2 hours, and then dry it at 120° C. to 150° C.; Step 5: Under nitrogen protection, heat treatment is performed at 300° C. to 400° C. for 1 to 2 hours to obtain a filter material.

4. The dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 1 is characterized by: A guide plate (424) is arranged at the bottom of the supporting mesh (423) of the inner filter cartridge (42) and is inclined upward to guide the direction of the airflow sprayed from the straight tube nozzle (61) of the spray cleaning device (6).

5. The dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 4 is characterized by: An automatic dust removal plate (43) is arranged at the bottom of the double-layer filter cartridge (4), and the automatic dust removal plate (43) comprises two symmetrically arranged semicircular plates (431), each of the plates (431) is hinged to the bottom of the outer filter cartridge (41), and a spring (432) is connected to the upper surface of each plate (431), and one end of the spring (432) away from the plate (431) is connected to the outer filter cartridge (41).

6. The dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 5 is characterized by: A chuck (5) is provided on the top of the double-layer filter cartridge (4), and the double-layer filter cartridge (4) is detachably connected to the mounting partition plate (11) via the chuck (5).

7. A dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The spray cleaning device (6) comprises a straight tube nozzle (61) and a circular tube nozzle (62), wherein the circular tube nozzle (62) is coaxial with the outer filter cartridge (41), and the circular tube nozzle (62) is evenly arranged with a plurality of nozzles around the circumference of the outer filter cartridge (41), wherein the jet direction of the nozzles is located between the outer filter cartridge (41) and the inner filter cartridge (42), and the circular tube nozzle (62) is used to remove part of the dust captured by the outer surface of the outer filter cartridge (41) and the outer wall of the inner filter cartridge (42); the jet direction of the straight tube nozzle (61) is located in the middle of the inner filter cartridge (42), and the straight tube nozzle (61) is used to remove the dust captured by the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42).

8. The dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 7 is characterized by: One end of the air inlet pipe (2) that penetrates into the lower chamber is connected to a diffuser portion (3); the diffuser portion (3) comprises an air inlet cover (31) and a guide air inlet plate (32); one end of the air inlet pipe (2) that penetrates into the lower chamber is in communication with the air inlet cover (31); an air inlet opening is provided on the end surface of the air inlet cover (31) that is away from the air inlet pipe (2); the area of ​​the air inlet opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet pipe (2); The guide air inlet plate (32) is installed at the air inlet opening, and a plurality of guide air inlet holes are densely distributed on the guide air inlet plate (32). The guide air inlet holes are arranged to be inclined upward in a direction close to the double-layer filter cartridge (4), and the angle between the guide air inlet holes and the horizontal direction is 30°-60°.

9. The dust and toxicity coordinated high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 8 is characterized by: A dust discharge port is provided at the bottom of the air intake housing (31), and a gravity dust discharge plate (33) is installed at the dust discharge port. One side of the gravity dust discharge plate (33) is hingedly installed on the air intake housing (31), and one side of the gravity dust discharge plate (33) is fixedly connected to a gravity ball (34). In a natural state, the gravity dust discharge plate (33) is tilted upwards and closes the dust discharge port at the bottom of the air intake housing (31) under the action of the gravity ball (34).

10. A method for using a dust and poison collaborative high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector, characterized in that: The cartridge dust collector according to claim 9 is used, and the method of use comprises the following steps: a) Dust and toxic gas enters the dust collector through the air inlet pipe (2) and the diffuser (3) in sequence. The diffuser (3) has an upward slanting structure that guides the airflow to blow more toward the double-layer filter cartridge (4). At the same time, large dust particles are intercepted by the diffuser (3) and fall onto the gravity dust discharge plate (33); b) When the weight of the large dust particles accumulated on the gravity dust unloading plate (33) is greater than the gravity ball (34), the gravity dust unloading plate (33) is opened to unload the dust, and the large dust particles fall into the bottom of the dust collector. After the unloading is completed, the gravity dust unloading plate (33) is reset under the action of the gravity ball (34); c) The dust and toxic gas first passes through the outer filter cartridge (41) for pre-dust removal and rough adsorption of toxic gas, and large particles of dust and part of the toxic gas are captured and adsorbed by the outer filter cartridge (41); d) When the outer filter cartridge (41) captures too much large dust particles, resulting in the outer filter cartridge (41) having too large a filtering resistance, the circular tube nozzle (62) is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter cartridge (41), and the removed large dust particles fall to the bottom of the dust collector; e) the pre-treated dusty and toxic gas enters the inner filter cartridge (42), the fine dust in the dust-laden airflow is captured on the outer surface of the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42), the toxic gas from which the dust particles have been removed passes through the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42) and enters the inner fine adsorption interlayer (422) of the inner filter cartridge (42), and the purification particles (44) in the inner fine adsorption interlayer (422) purify carbon monoxide and ammonia; f) regularly cleaning the outer filter cartridge (41) and the inner filter cartridge (42) by means of a spray cleaning device (6), wherein the inner filter cartridge (42) uses a straight tube nozzle (61) and the outer filter cartridge (41) uses a round tube nozzle (62); g) when the amount of dust captured on the outer surface of the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42) is too much and the resistance of the filter cartridge increases, the straight tube nozzle (61) is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42), and the removed dust falls onto the upper part of the automatic dust removal plate (43); h) When the dust particles accumulated on the automatic dust removal plate (43) reach a certain weight, the spring (432) is stretched, the automatic dust removal plate (43) is opened, and the dust particles accumulated on the automatic dust removal plate (43) fall into the bottom of the dust collector to achieve dust removal. After dust removal, the spring (432) drives the automatic dust removal plate (43) to rebound and reset to ensure sealing; i) The purified gas is discharged through the air outlet pipe (7).

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