Multi-gear wheel side driving assembly of mining vehicle and gear shifting driving method of multi-gear wheel side driving assembly

Abstract

A mining vehicle multi-gear wheel-side driving assembly comprises a gearbox and a planet row, and is characterized in that the gearbox comprises four motors, two sets of front speed changing assemblies with the two-gear speed changing function, two sets of rear speed changing assemblies with the two-gear speed changing function and an output shaft, one set of front speed changing assembly is connected with the two motors, and the other set of rear speed changing assembly is connected with the planet row. The other set of front speed change assembly is connected with the other two motors, the output end of each set of front speed change assembly is connected with one set of rear speed change assembly, the two sets of rear speed change assemblies are meshed with the output shaft, the output shaft is coaxially connected with a sun gear of the planet row, a planet carrier of the planet row is fixed to a shell of the gearbox, and a gear ring is fixed to a driving wheel of the mining vehicle. The complex terrain adaptability is improved, the power requirements of various working conditions are considered, the power interruption risk is avoided, the gear shifting flexibility is improved, and the safety of continuous operation of the vehicle under the heavy load working condition is improved. The invention further provides a gear shifting driving method of the mining vehicle multi-gear wheel edge driving assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles, belonging to the technical field of wheel-side drive for mining vehicles. The present invention also relates to a shifting drive method for a multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of a mining vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Pure electric mining dump trucks have high energy efficiency, low exhaust pollution, flexible operation, high instantaneous torque, low transportation costs and maintenance costs, and have advantages that cannot be compared with traditional dump trucks. It is of great practical significance for promoting the development of open-pit mining transport vehicles towards high efficiency, energy conservation, green and environmental protection. The extreme heavy load, frequent start and stop, long slope braking and other complex working conditions of mining dump trucks pose severe requirements on the power transmission system. It is necessary to bear ultra-large torque and ensure high reliability and energy feedback efficiency. The drive systems of mining vehicles in the prior art generally adopt a central drive system and a wheel-side drive system. The central drive system is limited by the transmission chain capacity, and the torque cannot meet the requirements of large-tonnage mining dump trucks. The power is output to the wheel end through the differential to the half shaft. However, heavy trucks have high power and climbing requirements, and the mechanical differential cannot independently distribute the torque of the left and right wheels, which will affect the passing performance of the whole vehicle, reduce the safety of the whole vehicle, and is not conducive to the improvement of the handling stability of the whole vehicle. Compared with the central drive system, the wheel-side drive system can give full play to its own configuration advantages and the control function of the whole vehicle controller, and realize a wide range of power torque distribution without additional energy consumption. The drive torque of each drive wheel can be independently controlled and actively adjusted according to the operating state of the mining vehicle and the road surface conditions to form an electronic differential, which is more conducive to enhancing the potential advantages of the traction performance and operation adaptability of the whole machine; however, in the single-motor wheel-side drive, the single motor needs to take into account too many working conditions, and the single motor drive cannot meet the large-torque power output requirements under heavy load. It is necessary to use a single large-torque, low-speed drive motor, combined with a fixed-ratio reduction device, which will lead to problems such as large weight of the electric drive system, high manufacturing cost, and insufficient power performance at medium and high speeds. The power confluence structure of the multi-motor wheel-side drive is complex, and all use drive motors to match the reducers. The motor and the reduction gearbox are integrated to the wheel end, and the system matching adaptability is not high, and the working mode is relatively single, and the best matching of the power performance and economy of the whole vehicle cannot be achieved. If a multi-gear AMT is used to replace the reduction device, although the power performance of the vehicle at medium and high speeds is improved, it will still cause power interruption due to frequent shifting and reduce the comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles provided by the present invention improves the adaptability to complex terrains, takes into account the power requirements of various working conditions, achieves the best matching of the power performance and economy of the whole vehicle, ensures the connection of power during shifting, avoids the risk of power interruption, improves the shifting smoothness, and improves the safety of the vehicle during continuous operation under heavy load conditions. The present invention also provides a shifting drive method for a multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of a mining vehicle.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles, comprising a gearbox and a planetary gear set, characterized in that: the gearbox includes four motors, two groups of front speed-changing components with two-speed shifting functions, two groups of rear speed-changing components with two-speed shifting functions and an output shaft. One group of front speed-changing components is respectively connected to two motors, and the other group of front speed-changing components is respectively connected to the other two motors. The output end of each group of front speed-changing components is connected to a group of rear speed-changing components. Both groups of rear speed-changing components are meshed with the output shaft. The output shaft is coaxially connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear set. The planet carrier of the planetary gear set is fixed to the housing of the gearbox, and the ring gear is fixed to the drive wheel of the mining vehicle.

[0005] Preferably, input shafts are connected to the motors, and a first front driving gear and a second front driving gear are fixed on the input shafts. The front speed-changing component includes a constantly meshing shaft, a front shifting gear coaxially fixed on the constantly meshing shaft, a front shifting sleeve axially slidably assembled on the front shifting gear, a first front driven gear rotatably mounted on the constantly meshing shaft and meshing with the first front driving gear, and a second front driven gear rotatably mounted on the constantly meshing shaft and meshing with the second front driving gear. The front shifting gear is located between the first front driven gear and the second front driven gear. The front shifting sleeve moves leftward to engage with the first front driven gear and moves rightward to engage with the second front driven gear. The outer diameter of the first front driven gear is larger than that of the second front driven gear. The rear speed-changing component is connected to the constantly meshing shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the rear speed-changing component includes an intermediate shaft coaxially fixed to the constantly meshing shaft, a rear shifting gear fixed on the intermediate shaft, a rear shifting sleeve axially slidably assembled on the rear shifting gear, a first rear driving gear and a second rear driving gear respectively rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft. The rear shifting gear is located between the first rear driving gear and the second rear driving gear. The rear shifting sleeve moves rightward to engage with the first rear driving gear and moves leftward to engage with the second rear driving gear. The outer diameter of the first rear driving gear is smaller than that of the second rear driving gear.

[0007] Preferably, a first rear driven gear meshing with the first rear driving gear and a second rear driven gear meshing with the second rear driving gear are coaxially fixed on the output shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the input shafts of the four motors are arranged in parallel in sequence, and the two groups of rear speed-changing components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the output shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a first planet gear meshing with the sun gear and a second planet gear meshing with the ring gear are fixed on the planet wheel shaft of the planet carrier. The outer diameter of the first planet gear is larger than that of the second planet gear.

[0010] Preferably, the ring gear is supported outside the housing of the gearbox by bearings.

[0011] The shifting drive method of the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles described above is characterized in that: the gears of the front speed-changing assembly are set as a front low gear and a front high gear, and the gears of the rear speed-changing assembly are set as a rear low gear and a rear high gear; the initial state of the front speed-changing assembly is in the neutral position between the front low gear and the front high gear, and the initial state of the rear speed-changing assembly is in the neutral position between the rear low gear and the rear high gear; When the front speed-changing assembly is in the front low gear and the rear speed-changing assembly is in the rear low gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles outputs first-gear power; When the front speed-changing assembly is in the front low gear and the rear speed-changing assembly is in the rear high gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles outputs second-gear power; When the front speed-changing assembly is in the front high gear and the rear speed-changing assembly is in the rear low gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles outputs third-gear power; When the front speed-changing assembly is in the front high gear and the rear speed-changing assembly is in the rear high gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles outputs fourth-gear power.

[0012] Preferably, "the front speed-changing assembly is in the front low gear" means that the front shift gear sleeve moves to the left to engage with the first front driven gear, "the front speed-changing assembly is in the front high gear" means that the front shift gear sleeve moves to the right to engage with the second front driven gear, "the rear speed-changing assembly is in the rear low gear" means that the rear shift gear sleeve moves to the right to engage with the first rear driving gear, and "the rear speed-changing assembly is in the rear high gear" means that the rear shift gear sleeve moves to the right to engage with the second rear driving gear.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the invention are: The multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles of the present invention has a front speed-changing component that couples the power of two motors and transmits two different gears of power to the rear speed-changing component through a two-gear speed-changing function. The rear speed-changing component transmits two different gears of power to the output shaft through a two-gear speed-changing function. The output shaft couples the output power of the two sets of rear speed-changing components and transmits it to the planetary gear set. The power is decelerated by the planetary gear set and then transmitted to the driving wheels to drive the mining vehicle to move. Both the front speed-changing component and the rear speed-changing component have a two-gear speed-changing function. When both the front speed-changing component and the rear speed-changing component are in the low gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft forms a first-gear power with high torque and low speed after being decelerated by the planetary gear set, which is suitable for the heavy-load uphill or muddy working conditions of mining vehicles. When the front speed-changing component is in the low gear and the rear speed-changing component is in the high gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft forms a second-gear power with torque less than the first-gear power and speed higher than the first-gear power after being decelerated by the planetary gear set, which is suitable for the heavy-load flat-road working conditions of mining vehicles. When the front speed-changing component is in the high gear and the rear speed-changing component is in the low gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft forms a third-gear power with torque less than the second-gear power and speed higher than the second-gear power after being decelerated by the planetary gear set, which is suitable for the light-load uphill working conditions of mining vehicles. When both the speed-changing component and the rear speed-changing component are in the high gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft forms a fourth-gear power with torque less than the third-gear power and speed higher than the third-gear power after being decelerated by the planetary gear set, which is suitable for the light-load flat-road working conditions of mining vehicles. It is also possible to drive the front speed-changing component with two motors when the vehicle has a high load and drive the front speed-changing component with a single motor when the vehicle load is low according to the driving requirements of the vehicle load, so that the motor works in the high-efficiency area. Combining the high-efficiency area of the motor with dynamic distribution, the driving torque of each driving wheel can be individually controlled and actively adjusted according to the operating state of the mining vehicle and the road surface conditions, which not only improves the adaptability to complex terrains but also takes into account the power requirements of various working conditions, achieving the best matching of the vehicle's power performance and economy. Both the front speed-changing component and the rear speed-changing component are in two sets. When one set is shifting gears, the other set remains in the current gear to ensure the connectivity of power during gear shifting, avoid the risk of power interruption, and reduce the power impact caused by synchronous gear shifting of the two sets of front speed-changing components or the two sets of rear speed-changing components, improve the smoothness of gear shifting, and improve the safety of continuous operation of the vehicle under heavy-load working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a transmission schematic diagram of the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a transmission schematic diagram of the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles when forming the first-gear power.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a transmission schematic diagram of the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles when forming the second-gear power.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a transmission schematic diagram of the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles when forming the third-gear power.

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the transmission of a multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for a mining vehicle when forming a fourth-gear power. Specific implementation manners

[0019] The following Figures 1 - 5 makes a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] The multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly for a mining vehicle includes a gearbox and a planetary gear set 5, and is characterized in that: the gearbox includes four motors 1, two groups of front speed-changing components 2 with two-speed change functions, two groups of rear speed-changing components 3 with two-speed change functions, and an output shaft 4. One group of front speed-changing components 2 is respectively connected to two motors 1, and the other group of front speed-changing components 2 is respectively connected to the other two motors 1. The output end of each group of front speed-changing components 2 is connected to a group of rear speed-changing components 3. Both groups of rear speed-changing components 3 are engaged with the output shaft 4. The output shaft 4 is coaxially connected to the sun gear 6 of the planetary gear set 5. The planet carrier 7 of the planetary gear set is fixed to the housing of the gearbox, and the ring gear 8 is fixed to the drive wheel 100 of the mining vehicle.

[0021] The above-mentioned multi-speed wheel-side drive assembly for mining vehicles. The front speed-changing assembly 2 couples the power of the two motors 1 and transmits the two different gears of power to the rear speed-changing assembly 3 through a two-speed function. The rear speed-changing assembly 3 transmits the two different gears of power to the output shaft 4 through a two-speed function. The output shaft 4 couples the output power of the two groups of rear speed-changing assemblies 3 and transmits it to the planetary gear set 5. The power is decelerated by the planetary gear set 5 and then transmitted to the drive wheel 100 to drive the mining vehicle to move. Both the front speed-changing assembly 2 and the rear speed-changing assembly 3 have a two-speed function. When both the front speed-changing assembly 2 and the rear speed-changing assembly 3 are in the low-speed gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft 4 forms a first-gear power with high torque and low speed after being decelerated by the planetary gear set 5, which is suitable for the heavy-load uphill or muddy working conditions of the mining vehicle. When the front speed-changing assembly 2 is in the low-speed gear and the rear speed-changing assembly 3 is in the high-speed gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft 4 forms a second-gear power with a torque smaller than that of the first-gear power and a speed higher than that of the first-gear power after being decelerated by the planetary gear set 5, which is suitable for the heavy-load flat-road working conditions of the mining vehicle. When the front speed-changing assembly 2 is in the high-speed gear and the rear speed-changing assembly 3 is in the low-speed gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft 4 forms a third-gear power with a torque smaller than that of the second-gear power and a speed higher than that of the second-gear power after being decelerated by the planetary gear set 5, which is suitable for the light-load uphill working conditions of the mining vehicle. When both the front speed-changing assembly 2 and the rear speed-changing assembly 3 are in the high-speed gear, the power transmitted to the output shaft 4 forms a fourth-gear power with a torque smaller than that of the third-gear power and a speed higher than that of the third-gear power after being decelerated by the planetary gear set 5, which is suitable for the light-load flat-road working conditions of the mining vehicle. It is also possible to drive the front speed-changing assembly 2 with two motors when the vehicle is highly loaded and drive the front speed-changing assembly 2 with a single motor when the vehicle load is low, so that the motor works in the high-efficiency area. Combining the high-efficiency area of the motor with dynamic distribution, the driving torque of each drive wheel can be independently controlled and actively adjusted according to the operating state of the mining vehicle and the road surface conditions, which not only improves the adaptability to complex terrains, but also takes into account the power requirements of various working conditions, achieving the best matching of the vehicle's power performance and economy. Both the front speed-changing assembly 2 and the rear speed-changing assembly 3 are in two groups. When one group is shifting gears, the other group remains in the current gear to ensure the connectivity of power during gear shifting, avoid the risk of power interruption, and reduce the power impact caused by synchronous gear shifting of the two groups of front speed-changing assemblies 2 or the two groups of rear speed-changing assemblies 3, improving the gear-shifting smoothness and the safety of the vehicle's continuous operation under heavy-load working conditions.

[0022] Among them, an input shaft 9 is connected to each of the motors 1. A front driving gear one 10 and a front driving gear two 11 are fixed on the input shaft 9. The front speed-changing assembly 2 includes a constant-mesh shaft 12, a front shifting gear 13 coaxially fixed on the constant-mesh shaft 12, a front shifting sleeve 14 axially slidably assembled on the front shifting gear 13, a front driven gear one 15 rotatably mounted on the constant-mesh shaft 12 and meshing with the front driving gear one 10, and a front driven gear two 16 rotatably mounted on the constant-mesh shaft 12 and meshing with the front driving gear two 13. The front shifting gear 13 is located between the front driven gear one 15 and the front driven gear two 16. The front shifting sleeve 14 moves leftward to engage with the front driven gear one 15 and moves rightward to engage with the front driven gear two 16. The outer diameter of the front driven gear one 15 is greater than that of the front driven gear two 16. The rear speed-changing assembly 3 is connected to the constant-mesh shaft 12. The motor 1 drives the input shaft 9, the front driving gear one 10, and the front driving gear two 11 to rotate. The front driving gear one 10 drives the front driven gear one 15 to rotate, and the front driving gear two 13 drives the front driven gear two 16 to rotate. In the initial state, the front shifting sleeve 14 is in the neutral position between the front driven gear one 15 and the front driven gear two 16 and is not engaged with either of them. When the front shifting sleeve 14 moves leftward to engage with the front driven gear one 15 or moves rightward to engage with the front driven gear two 16, the front driven gear one 15 or the front driven gear two 16 will drive the constant-mesh shaft 12 to rotate, transmit the power to the rear speed-changing assembly 3, and form the transmission from the front speed-changing assembly 2 to the rear speed-changing assembly 3. The front speed-changing assembly 2 is combined with the front driven gear one 15 or the front driven gear two 16 through the front shifting sleeve 14, and two gears with different rotational speeds and torques can be formed to transmit the power to the rear speed-changing assembly 3.

[0023] Among them, the rear speed-changing assembly 3 includes an intermediate shaft 17 coaxially and fixedly connected to the constant-mesh shaft 12, a rear shifting gear 18 fixed on the intermediate shaft 17, a rear shifting sleeve 19 axially slidably assembled on the rear shifting gear 18, a rear driving gear one 20 and a rear driving gear two 21 respectively rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft 17. The rear shifting gear 18 is located between the driving gear one 20 and the rear driving gear two 21. The rear shifting sleeve 19 moves rightward to engage with the rear driving gear one 20 and moves leftward to engage with the rear driving gear two 21. The outer diameter of the rear driving gear one 20 is smaller than that of the rear driving gear two 21. The constant-mesh shaft 12 drives the intermediate shaft 17, the rear shifting gear 18, and the rear shifting sleeve 19 to rotate synchronously. In the initial state, the rear shifting sleeve 19 is in the neutral position between the rear driving gear one 20 and the rear driving gear two 21 and is not engaged with either of them. When the rear shifting sleeve 19 moves rightward to engage with the rear driving gear one 20 or moves leftward to engage with the rear driving gear two 21, the rear driving gear one 20 or the rear driving gear two 21 will drive the output shaft to rotate, and two gears with different rotational speeds and torques can be formed to transmit the power to the output shaft 4.

[0024] Among them, a first rear driven gear 22 meshing with a first rear driving gear 20 and a second rear driven gear 23 meshing with a second rear driving gear 21 are coaxially fixed on the output shaft 4. When the first rear driving gear 20 is combined with the rear shift sleeve 19, the first rear driving gear 20 drives the first rear driven gear 22 and the output shaft 4 to rotate. When the second rear driving gear 21 is combined with the rear shift sleeve 19, the second rear driving gear 21 drives the second rear driven gear 23 and the output shaft 4 to rotate. The first rear driving gear 20 or the second rear driving gear 21 on the two sets of rear speed change assemblies 3 drives the output shaft 4 to rotate together, forming the coupling of the output power of the two sets of rear speed change assemblies 3 on the output shaft 4.

[0025] Among them, the input shafts 9 of the four motors 1 are arranged in parallel in sequence. The two sets of the rear speed change assemblies 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the output shaft 4. The constant mesh shaft 12 in the front speed change assembly 2 is coaxially fixed to the intermediate shaft 17 in the rear speed change assembly 3, so that the two sets of front speed change assemblies 2 and the two sets of rear speed change assemblies 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the output shaft 4, reducing the axial dimension of the gearbox. The output shaft 4 is coaxially connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear set 5, so that the planetary gear set 5 and the gearbox are coaxially arranged, making the entire wheel side drive assembly form a rotary structure coaxially aligned with the drive wheel 100, improving the stability of the wheel side drive assembly during the operation of the wheel.

[0026] Among them, a first planetary gear 71 meshing with the sun gear 6 and a second planetary gear 72 meshing with the ring gear 8 are fixed on the planetary shaft of the planet carrier 7. The outer diameter of the first planetary gear 71 is larger than that of the second planetary gear 72. By meshing the first planetary gear 71 with the sun gear and rotating synchronously with the sun gear 71, the planetary shaft on the planet carrier 7 is driven to rotate, so that the second planetary gear 72 rotates synchronously. The second planetary gear 72 drives the ring gear 8 to rotate, thereby driving the drive wheel 100 to rotate synchronously. The arrangement of the first planetary gear 71 and the second planetary gear 72 makes the planetary gear set take the ring gear 8 as the power output end, and can effectively increase the speed ratio of the planetary gear set 5, improve the deceleration and torque increase characteristics, and meet the driving requirements of large torque under heavy load conditions.

[0027] Among them, the ring gear 8 is supported by bearings outside the housing of the gearbox, improving the support reliability and stability of the ring gear 8, forming a wheel side drive assembly coaxially aligned with the wheel, effectively reducing the axial dimension of the wheel side drive assembly, and using the compact structure characteristics of the planetary gear set to reduce the volume of the entire wheel side drive assembly and reduce the requirements of the wheel side drive assembly for the wheel side installation space.

[0028] The present invention also protects a shifting drive method for the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of the mining vehicle described above, which is characterized in that: the gears of the front transmission component 2 are set to a front low gear and a front high gear, and the gears of the rear transmission component are set to a rear low gear and a rear high gear; the initial state of the front transmission component 2 is in the neutral position between the front low gear and the front high gear, and the initial state of the rear transmission component 3 is in the neutral position between the rear low gear and the rear high gear; When the front transmission component 2 is in the front low gear and the rear transmission component 3 is in the rear low gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of the mining vehicle outputs first-gear power to adapt to the heavy-load uphill or muddy working conditions of the mining vehicle; When the front transmission component 2 is in the front low gear and the rear transmission component 3 is in the rear high gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of the mining vehicle outputs second-gear power. The torque of the second-gear power is less than that of the first-gear power and the speed is higher than that of the first-gear power, adapting to the heavy-load flat-road working conditions of the mining vehicle; When the front transmission component 2 is in the front high gear and the rear transmission component 3 is in the rear low gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of the mining vehicle outputs third-gear power. The torque of the third-gear power is less than that of the second-gear power and the speed is higher than that of the second-gear power, adapting to the light-load uphill working conditions of the mining vehicle; When the front transmission component 2 is in the front high gear and the rear transmission component 3 is in the rear high gear, the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of the mining vehicle outputs fourth-gear power. The torque of the fourth-gear power is less than that of the third-gear power and the speed is higher than that of the third-gear power, adapting to the light-load flat-road working conditions of the mining vehicle.

[0029] The shifting drive method for the multi-gear wheel-side drive assembly of the mining vehicle described above not only improves the adaptability to complex terrains, but also takes into account the power requirements of various working conditions, achieving the best match between the vehicle's power performance and economy. Both the front transmission component 2 and the rear transmission component 3 are in two groups. When one group is shifting gears, the other group remains in the current gear to ensure the connectivity of power during gear shifting, avoid the risk of power interruption, and reduce the power impact caused by synchronous gear shifting of the two groups of front transmission components 2 or the two groups of rear transmission components 3, improving the gear shifting smoothness and the safety of the vehicle's continuous operation under heavy-load working conditions.

[0030] Among them, "the front speed change assembly 2 is in the front low gear" means that the front shift sleeve 14 moves to the left and engages with the first front driven gear 15; "the front speed change assembly 2 is in the front high gear" means that the front shift sleeve 14 moves to the right and engages with the second front driven gear 16; "the rear speed change assembly 3 is in the rear low gear" means that the rear shift sleeve 19 moves to the right and engages with the first rear driving gear 20; "the rear speed change assembly is in the rear high gear" means that the rear shift sleeve 19 moves to the right and engages with the second rear driving gear 21. In the initial state, the front shift sleeve 14 is in the neutral position between the first front driven gear 15 and the second front driven gear 16 and does not engage with either of them. When the front shift sleeve 14 moves to the left and engages with the first front driven gear 15 or moves to the right and engages with the second front driven gear 16, the first front driven gear 15 or the second front driven gear 16 will drive the constant mesh shaft 12 to rotate, transmit the power to the rear speed change assembly 3, and form the transmission from the front speed change assembly 2 to the rear speed change assembly 3. The front speed change assembly 2 engages with the first front driven gear 15 or the second front driven gear 16 through the front shift sleeve 14, and can form two gears with different rotational speeds and torques to be transmitted to the rear speed change assembly 3. In the initial state, the rear shift sleeve 19 is in the neutral position between the first rear driving gear 20 and the second rear driving gear 21 and does not engage with either of them. When the first rear driving gear 20 engages with the rear shift sleeve 19, the first rear driving gear 20 drives the first rear driven gear 22 and the output shaft 4 to rotate. When the second rear driving gear 21 engages with the rear shift sleeve 19, the second rear driving gear 21 drives the second rear driven gear 23 and the output shaft 4 to rotate, forming two gears with different rotational speeds and torques to be transmitted to the output shaft 4. The first rear driving gear 20 or the second rear driving gear 21 on the two rear speed change assemblies 3 drives the output shaft 4 to rotate together, forming the coupling of the output powers of the two rear speed change assemblies 3 on the output shaft 4.

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have been completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-gear wheel drive assembly for a mining vehicle, including a gearbox and a planetary gear, characterized in that: The gearbox includes four motors, two groups of front gearshift assemblies with two-speed shifting functions, two groups of rear gearshift assemblies with two-speed shifting functions and an output shaft, one group of front gearshift assemblies is connected to the two motors respectively, and the other group of front gearshift assemblies is connected to the other two motors respectively. The output end of each group of front gearshift assemblies is connected to a group of rear gearshift assemblies, and the two groups of rear gearshift assemblies are meshed with the output shaft, the output shaft is coaxially connected to the sun gear of the planetary gearbox, the planetary carrier of the planetary gearbox is fixed to the housing of the gearbox, and the ring gear is fixed to the driving wheel of the mining vehicle.

2. The multi-gear wheel drive assembly for mining vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motors are all connected to the input shaft, and the front driving gear 1 and the front driving gear 2 are fixed on the input shaft. The front speed change assembly includes a constant mesh shaft, a front shift gear coaxially fixed on the constant mesh shaft, a front shift gear sleeve axially slidably assembled on the front shift gear, a front driven gear 1 rotatably mounted on the constant mesh shaft and meshing with the front driving gear 1, and a front driven gear 2 rotatably mounted on the constant mesh shaft and meshing with the front driving gear 2. The front shift gear is located between the front driven gear 1 and the front driven gear 2. The front shift gear sleeve moves to the left and combines with the front driven gear 1, and moves to the right and combines with the front driven gear 2. The outer diameter of the front driven gear 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the front driven gear 2. The rear speed change assembly is connected to the constant mesh shaft.

3. The multi-gear wheel drive assembly for mining vehicles according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rear speed change assembly comprises an intermediate shaft coaxially fixedly connected with the constant meshing shaft, a rear shift gear fixed on the intermediate shaft, a rear shift gear sleeve axially slidably mounted on the rear shift gear, a rear driving gear 1 and a rear driving gear 2 rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft, the rear shift gear is located between the driving gear 1 and the rear driving gear 2, the rear shift gear sleeve moves rightward to combine with the rear driving gear 1, and moves leftward to combine with the rear driving gear 2, and the outer diameter of the rear driving gear 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear driving gear 2.

4. The multi-gear wheel drive assembly for mining vehicles according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A rear driven gear 1 meshing with the rear driving gear 1 and a rear driven gear 2 meshing with the rear driving gear 2 are coaxially fixed on the output shaft.

5. The multi-gear wheel drive assembly for mining vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input shafts of the four motors are arranged in parallel in sequence, and the two groups of rear speed change components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the output shaft.

6. The multi-gear wheel drive assembly for mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A planetary gear one meshing with the sun gear and a planetary gear two meshing with the ring gear are fixed on the planetary gear shaft of the planetary carrier, and the outer diameter of the planetary gear one is greater than the outer diameter of the planetary gear two.

7. The multi-gear wheel drive assembly for mining vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gear ring is supported outside the housing of the gearbox through a bearing.

8. The gear shifting driving method of a multi-gear wheel side drive assembly for a mining vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The gear positions of the front transmission assembly are set to the front low gear and the front high gear, and the gear positions of the rear transmission assembly are set to the rear low gear and the rear high gear; the initial state of the front transmission assembly is in a neutral position between the front low gear and the front high gear, and the initial state of the rear transmission assembly is in a neutral position between the rear low gear and the rear high gear; When the front transmission assembly is in the front low gear and the rear transmission assembly is in the rear low gear, the multi-speed wheel side drive assembly for the mining vehicle outputs first gear power; When the front transmission assembly is in the front low gear and the rear transmission assembly is in the rear high gear, the multi-speed wheel side drive assembly for the mining vehicle outputs the second gear power; When the front transmission assembly is in the front high gear and the rear transmission assembly is in the rear low gear, the multi-speed wheel drive assembly for the mining vehicle outputs the third gear power; When the front transmission assembly is in the front high gear and the rear transmission assembly is in the rear high gear, the multi-speed wheel side drive assembly for the mining vehicle outputs four-speed power.

9. The gear shifting driving method of the multi-gear wheel side drive assembly for a mining vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: "The front transmission assembly is shifted to the front low-speed gear" means that the front shift gear sleeve moves to the left and combines with the front driven gear one, "the front transmission assembly is shifted to the front high-speed gear" means that the front shift gear sleeve moves to the right and combines with the front driven gear two, "the rear transmission assembly is shifted to the rear low-speed gear" means that the rear shift gear sleeve moves to the right and combines with the rear driving gear one, and "the rear transmission assembly is shifted to the rear high-speed gear" means that the rear shift gear sleeve moves to the right and combines with the rear driving gear two.

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