Catapulting device for circulating energy storage based on hydraulic power and function control method

Abstract

The invention provides an ejection device for circulating energy storage based on hydraulic power and a function control method, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic transmission. The device comprises an engine, a hydraulic torque converter, a planet row, a winch, a noose, a lock-up clutch and the like. The planet row comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier and a gear ring; the hydraulic torque converter comprises a turbine, a guide wheel and a pump wheel; the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the planet carrier; the sun gear is connected with a pump wheel of the hydraulic torque converter, and a turbine of the hydraulic torque converter is connected with the first transmission shaft; the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the gear ring, and the second transmission shaft is sleeved with a first gear; and the planet row gear ring is connected with a lock-up clutch. Power backflow is achieved through the hydraulic backflow principle for energy storage, the stored energy is released in a short time in the ejection process, and the function of stably accelerating a target on the premise that the acceleration space is small is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic transmission, and in particular to an ejection device based on hydraulic energy recycling energy storage and a function control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In scenarios with a small acceleration space, high target loads, and the need for rapid response, an ejection device uses external power to quickly eject a target to a designated area. The currently more mature ejection systems using fluid as the medium are mainly steam ejection systems and hydraulic ejection systems. The basic principle of both is to utilize the energy of high-pressure fluid and convert it into kinetic energy through a series of mechanical devices, so as to accelerate the target to a high speed within a short time. Its working state is mainly divided into three stages: In the energy storage stage, the engine compresses the fluid and stores the energy in the form of high-pressure fluid. In the ejection stage, the control unit acts, the accumulator releases energy, and pushes the moving unit forward, thereby realizing the acceleration of the target object. In the buffering and resetting stage, when approaching the end of the stroke, a special buffering structure is used to reduce impact and vibration. Subsequently, each unit of the system resets and prepares for the next ejection.

[0003] The current non-fluid ejection systems mainly take electromagnetic ejection as the representative technology. Its general structure includes a power supply system, an energy storage device, a rail, an armature, a control system, etc. The electromagnetic ejection system transmits the high-power electric energy provided by the power supply to the energy storage device. The conductive armature converts the electromagnetic force into linear motion under the guidance of the rail, and uses an electronic control system to monitor and adjust the operating parameters of the entire system to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the ejection process. The electromagnetic ejection system powered by high-power electric energy has advantages in controllability and maintenance, avoiding complex pipeline systems and ensuring the compactness of its volume; however, the characteristics of the electromagnetic ejection system, which uses electric energy as the energy source and releases huge energy in a short time, pose high requirements on the power system of the loader; at the same time, its core components such as the energy storage system and high-power power control equipment require advanced technical support. And these technologies are not yet fully mature, which will inevitably lead to relatively high maintenance costs; under the existing technical conditions, there are still certain limitations in the capacity and charge-discharge speed of the energy storage device.

[0004] The steam catapult system represented by the C-13-1 system mainly consists of a steam storage tank, a catapult cylinder and piston, a control valve, a brake and a return system. The steam storage tank is used to store high-pressure steam and serve as a power source. To ensure continuous and efficient catapults, the gas tank is in a state where it can be quickly replenished and maintained at high pressure for a long time. The piston movement is completed in the cylinder and is connected to the mechanical device and transmits thrust. The control valve is used to accurately control the flow and pressure of the steam. After the catapult is completed, the brake system is used to slow down and stop the piston, and the return system pulls the piston back to the initial position to prepare for the next catapult. The system can reach an acceleration of more than 4G at the beginning of the catapult. In actual work, the catapult system will face the catapult work of different models. For aircraft with different large aspect ratios, the adaptability of the steam catapult needs to be improved in a targeted manner. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a catapult device and a function control method based on hydraulic circulation energy storage, which utilizes the principle of hydraulic reflux to realize power reflux for energy storage, and releases the stored energy in a short time during the catapult process, thereby realizing the function of stably accelerating the target under the premise of a small acceleration space.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an ejection device based on hydraulic circulation energy storage, an engine, a torque converter, a planetary gear, a winch, a noose, a No. 1 transmission shaft and a locking clutch; the engine is connected to the No. 1 transmission shaft; the planetary gear includes a sun gear, a planetary carrier and a ring gear; the torque converter includes a turbine, a guide wheel and a pump wheel; the planetary carrier is fixedly connected to the No. 1 transmission shaft; the sun gear is connected to the pump wheel of the torque converter, and the turbine of the torque converter is connected to the No. 1 transmission shaft; the ring gear is connected to a locking clutch.

[0007] Preferably, the No. 2 transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the gear ring, the No. 1 gear is sleeved on the No. 2 transmission shaft, the No. 1 gear is meshed with the No. 2 gear, and the No. 2 gear is fixedly connected to the capstan through the No. 3 transmission shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the pump wheel, turbine and guide wheel of the torque converter are assembled to form an annular cavity, and the working fluid performs a circulation motion in the annular cavity, from the pump wheel to the turbine and then to the guide wheel, and finally returns to the pump wheel to form a vortex.

[0009] Preferably, the structural parameter value range of the planetary gear is μ=[4,7].

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for controlling the function of the ejection device based on hydraulic cyclic energy storage as described above, comprising:

[0011] During the energy storage stage, the first transmission shaft is fixed to the planet carrier, the sun gear is connected to the pump impeller of the torque converter, the turbine of the torque converter is connected to the first transmission shaft, the sun gear transmits torque and rotational speed without change, and the lock-up clutch is released;

[0012] During the ejection stage, the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the ring gear. A first gear is sleeved on the second transmission shaft. The second gear meshes with the first gear and is fixedly connected to the winch. The lock-up clutch connected to the ring gear of the planetary gear set is closed. The ring gear is connected to the second transmission shaft, and the cable drives the moving target to accelerate;

[0013] During the reset stage, the lock-up clutch is closed, and the engine starts in reverse until the cable is in place, preparing for the next ejection.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned ejection device and functional control method based on hydraulic energy recycling, and the beneficial technical effects are as follows:

[0015] (1) Simple structure and high stability:

[0016] The device adopts a system combining hydraulic energy return transmission and gear train. There are fewer core components and the structure is simple. The main components include a gear train, a torque converter and a cable part. The basic functions are completed by mechanical and hydraulic systems, with less dependence on complex control systems, ensuring the stability of operation and easy maintainability.

[0017] (2) High-efficiency transmission and low energy consumption:

[0018] Most of the power is transmitted by gear meshing, improving the transmission efficiency and effectively reducing the energy consumption of the device. At the same time, by optimizing the torque ratio, the overall performance and efficiency of the system are further improved.

[0019] (3) Flexible transmission and low-speed torque-increasing characteristics:

[0020] The flexible transmission characteristics of the torque converter reduce the working loss and have the function of increasing torque at low speed, improving the energy storage efficiency. Despite the special installation position of the torque converter, the power return phenomenon still ensures that the system has this characteristic.

[0021] (4) Energy storage and power return:

[0022] The torque converter stores energy in the form of liquid kinetic energy. The power return mode further increases the kinetic energy, increases the rotational speed of the pump impeller, turbine and transmission shaft, and realizes the ejection energy storage function.

[0023] (5) Buffer function and extended service life:

[0024] The flexible transmission characteristics of the hydraulic torque converter enable the device to operate without an additional buffer system throughout the entire working process, reducing the working losses of each component and extending the service life of the device. At the same time, the device has a high space utilization rate and is suitable for a variety of application scenarios, such as drone catapults, automotive crash tests, etc. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of an ejection device based on hydraulic energy for cyclic energy storage according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is the layout method of the traction type ejection device in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the dynamic model of the hydraulic reflux transmission system in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is the original characteristic curve of the YB355A type hydraulic torque converter in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is the output power and reflux power in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is the acceleration target state in the first embodiment of the present invention, including the acceleration target speed, acceleration, traction force, and acceleration change rate; among them, Figure 6 (a) in it is the relationship curve between the acceleration target speed and time; Figure 6 (b) in it is the relationship curve between the acceleration and time; Figure 6 (c) in it is the relationship curve between the traction force and time; Figure 6 (d) in it is the relationship curve between the acceleration change rate and time.

[0031] Reference Signs

[0032] 1, Engine; 2, First transmission shaft; 3, Ring gear; 4, Planet carrier; 5, Sun gear; 6, Lock-up clutch; 7, Hydraulic torque converter; 701, Pump impeller; 702, Turbine; 703, Guide wheel; 8, Second transmission shaft; 9, First gear; 10, Second gear; 11, Third transmission shaft; 12, Winch; 13, Acceleration target; 14, Cable. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] As shown Figure 1 in the figure, it is the schematic diagram of an ejection device based on hydraulic energy storage and circulation of the present invention, including a planetary gear set, a hydraulic torque converter 7 and a third transmission shaft 11; the hydraulic torque converter 7 includes a turbine 702, a stator 703 and a pump impeller 701; the planetary gear set includes a sun gear 5, a planet carrier 4 and a ring gear 3; the sun gear 5 is sleeved on the first transmission shaft 2, and the power of the planetary gear set is input from the planet carrier 4 and output from the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 3; the sun gear 5 is connected to the pump impeller 701 of the hydraulic torque converter 7, and the turbine 702 of the hydraulic torque converter 7 is connected to the first transmission shaft 2; a power return path is formed between the planetary gear set and the hydraulic torque converter 7, and the power of the hydraulic torque converter 7 returns to the first transmission shaft 2; the power of the engine 1 is output from the first transmission shaft 2, the second transmission shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the ring gear 3, a first gear 9 is sleeved on the second transmission shaft 8, and during the ejection stage, the power of the transmission system is transmitted from the second transmission shaft 8; a lock-up clutch 6 is fixedly connected to the ring gear 3, and during the energy storage stage, the lock-up clutch 6 is released and the ring gear 3 does not output; during the ejection stage, the lock-up clutch 6 is closed, and the power of the ring gear 3 is transmitted from the second transmission shaft 8, through the first gear 9 to the second gear 10, and the second gear 10 outputs power to the winch 12.

[0037] Select the diesel engine of a 7t loader as the engine 1, and obtain the power change range and torque change range of the engine 1 and the hydraulic transmission system by analyzing the working conditions of accelerating the target 13; then obtain the maximum torque point and the hydraulic torque converter speed ratio at the best working point for the engine 1 to match, and select the YB355A model hydraulic torque converter according to the above method.

[0038] Among them, the efficiency coefficient ε w , torque conversion coefficient μ w and energy capacity coefficient ζ w of the YB355A model hydraulic torque converter 7 have the relationship as Figure 4 shown.

[0039] When the engine 1 and the hydraulic return transmission system work together, the rotational speed n a of the engine 1 driving the transmission system is the same as the load characteristic rotational speed of the hydraulic return transmission system, and the torque M a of the engine 1 is equal to the input torque of the hydraulic return transmission system. Among them, the load characteristic torque M RT of the hydraulic return transmission system, the formula is as follows:

[0040] M a = M RT ;

[0041]

[0042] ζw =γ B ρgD 5 ;

[0043] where β represents the structural parameter of the planetary gear set; ρ represents the density of the hydraulic oil in the torque converter 7; g represents the acceleration due to gravity; γ B represents the torque coefficient of the pump impeller 701 of the torque converter 7; D represents the diameter of the circulation circle of the torque converter 7;

[0044] After selecting the appropriate parameters β of the single planetary gear set, the speed ratio of the torque converter 7 can be obtained through the matching result between the engine 1 and the hydraulic return transmission system range of values.

[0045] During the energy storage stage, the input torque of the engine 1 gradually increases. The specific situation of the speed ratio of the torque converter 7 can be known through the value of the input torque, and energy storage is carried out during this period. When the speed ratio reaches a certain value, ejection begins.

[0046] When the energy storage stage transitions to the ejection stage, the hydraulic return transmission system starts to output outward. At this time, according to the Figure 3 shown dynamic model, combined with the structural characteristics of the single planetary gear set, the relationship between the rotational speed and torque within the hydraulic return transmission system can be obtained. The formula is as follows:

[0047] n b +β×n c -(1 + β)n d = 0;

[0048] M b :M c :M d = 1:β:-(1 + β);

[0049] where n b represents the rotational speed of the sun gear; n c represents the rotational speed of the ring gear; n d represents the rotational speed of the planet carrier; M b represents the torque of the sun gear; M c represents the torque of the ring gear; M d represents the torque of the planet carrier.

[0050] From the energy conservation within the hydraulic return transmission system, the torque M a of the engine 1, the torque M b of the sun gear 5, and the torque M d of the planet carrier 4 have the following relationship:

[0051] M a +M d +μ w ×Mb = 0;

[0052] Combining the structural characteristic formula of a single planetary gear set and the energy conservation formula, the ratio σ of the input torque to the output torque can be obtained io , and the formula is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Then, the output torque M of the ring gear 3 can be expressed by the input torque M c and the speed ratio of the hydrodynamic torque converter a .

[0055] During the energy storage stage, the lock-up clutch 6 is released and the ring gear 3 does not participate in the transmission. Therefore, from the ejection stage, the speed of the ring gear 3 starts to increase. When the acceleration target 13 starts to accelerate, the speed n of the ring gear 3 c starts to increase. According to the meshing relationship between the first gear and the second gear, the proportional relationship between the speed n of the ring gear 3 c and the cable 14 on the winch 12 is determined, and n c is obtained. The output power and the return power of the hydrodynamic return transmission system are as Figure 5 shown.

[0056] During the ejection stage, the output of the hydrodynamic return transmission system is the torque M of the ring gear c , which is converted into the torque M on the winch 12 after a certain proportional transformation e ; the torque M e acts on the acceleration target 13, and the acceleration target 13 is ejected through the driving force F, where the calculation of the force considers the radius L of the winch. The formula is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Figure 2 As shown, when ejecting the acceleration target 13, two winches (i.e., using two sets of ejection devices) are used to drive the ejection simultaneously, and at this time, there is an angle θ between the cable 14 and the ejection trajectory of the acceleration target 13, then the formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] where, a represents the acceleration of the acceleration target 13; θ represents the angle between the cable 14 and the acceleration trajectory of the acceleration target 13; M represents the mass of the acceleration target 13; x represents the moving distance of the acceleration target 13; b represents 1 / 2 of the distance between the two winches.

[0061] Through calculation, the speed, acceleration, traction force, and acceleration change rate of the acceleration target 13 can be obtained, as Figure 6 shown.

[0062] Compared with electromagnetic catapults, hydraulic reflux catapults can accelerate more smoothly and evenly when reaching the same speed during the final catapult, reducing the damage to the acceleration target 13 during catapulting, extending the service life of the catapult equipment, and improving work efficiency.

[0063] It should be noted that the content not elaborated in detail in the present invention is prior art and well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0064] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned catapult device and functional control method based on hydraulic circulation energy storage, uses the principle of hydraulic reflux to achieve power reflux for energy storage, and releases the stored energy within a short time during the catapulting process, thereby realizing the function of stably accelerating the target under the premise of a small acceleration space.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A catapult device based on hydraulic cyclic energy storage, characterized in that: It includes an engine, a torque converter, a planetary gear, a winch, a rope, a No. 1 transmission shaft and a locking clutch; the engine is connected to the No. 1 transmission shaft; the planetary gear includes a sun gear, a planetary carrier and a ring gear; the torque converter includes a turbine, a guide wheel and a pump wheel; the planetary carrier is fixedly connected to the No. 1 transmission shaft; the sun gear is connected to the pump wheel of the torque converter, and the turbine of the torque converter is connected to the No. 1 transmission shaft; the ring gear is connected with a locking clutch.

2. The ejection device based on hydraulic cyclic energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The No. 2 transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the gear ring, the No. 1 gear is sleeved on the No. 2 transmission shaft, the No. 1 gear is meshed with the No. 2 gear, and the No. 2 gear is fixedly connected to the capstan through the No. 3 transmission shaft.

3. The ejection device based on hydraulic cyclic energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump wheel, turbine wheel and guide wheel of the torque converter are assembled to form an annular cavity. The working fluid performs a circulation motion in the annular cavity, from the pump wheel to the turbine wheel and then to the guide wheel, and finally returns to the pump wheel to form a vortex.

4. The ejection device based on hydraulic cyclic energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural parameter value range of the planetary gear is μ=[4,7].

5. A method for controlling the function of an ejection device based on hydraulic cyclic energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: In the energy storage stage, the No. 1 transmission shaft is fixed to the planet carrier, the sun gear is connected to the pump wheel of the torque converter, the turbine of the torque converter is connected to the No. 1 transmission shaft, the torque and speed transmitted by the sun gear remain unchanged, and the lock-up clutch is released; During the ejection phase, the No. 2 transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the gear ring, and the No. 1 gear is sleeved on the No. 2 transmission shaft. The No. 2 gear meshes with the No. 1 gear and is fixedly connected to the capstan. The locking clutch connected to the planetary gear ring is closed, and the gear ring is connected to the No. 2 transmission shaft. The noose drives the moving target to accelerate. During the reset phase, the lock-up clutch is closed and the engine is started in reverse until the noose is in place, ready for the next ejection.

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