Preparation method of high-performance anti-skid ceramic tile

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles, belonging to the field of ceramic tile preparation technology. The method includes the following steps: preparing a green body, applying a surface glaze, decorating with patterns, applying water-based ceramic ink, applying an anti-slip protective glaze, firing, and post-treatment. The anti-slip ceramic tiles prepared by this invention have high hardness and good wear resistance, effectively preventing surface wear and maintaining a good surface texture while achieving excellent anti-slip effects; they also have excellent antibacterial properties, inhibiting bacterial growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ceramic tile preparation technology, specifically a method for preparing high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic tiles, as an important building decoration material, are widely used in the market due to their aesthetic appeal and durability. However, surface treatment technology has always been one of the key factors affecting product quality during the production process of ceramic tiles. Existing surface treatment technologies for ceramic tiles mainly include glazing, printing, and inkjet printing, which improve the decorative effect and wear resistance of ceramic tiles to a certain extent. In addition, with the development of technology, some advanced detection algorithms have also been applied to detect surface defects in ceramic tiles to improve production efficiency and product quality.

[0003] Despite the progress made in the surface treatment of ceramic tiles, some problems still need to be solved:

[0004] 1. Insufficient stability and poor environmental adaptability of flux inks: Existing flux inks are prone to stability problems in harsh environments such as high humidity, resulting in unsatisfactory decorative effects on ceramic tile surfaces.

[0005] 2. The wear resistance and stain resistance of anti-slip protective glaze need to be improved: The current anti-slip protective glaze is insufficient in terms of wear resistance and stain resistance, and is prone to wear and stain adhesion, which affects the service life and appearance of ceramic tiles.

[0006] 3. The balance between surface texture and anti-slip effect: In the existing technology, the surface treatment of ceramic tiles often fails to achieve excellent anti-slip effect while maintaining a good surface texture, which limits the performance of the product in actual use.

[0007] 4. Lack of antibacterial function: With people's increasing requirements for hygiene and health, existing ceramic tiles lack effective antibacterial function and cannot meet the market demand for high-performance ceramic tiles. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method for preparing high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles. The resulting anti-slip ceramic tiles have high hardness and good wear resistance, effectively preventing surface wear and maintaining a good surface texture while achieving excellent anti-slip effects; they also have excellent antibacterial properties, inhibiting bacterial growth.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1, Preparation of green body: The green body is prepared by pressing ceramic matrix material, wherein nano-sized silica particles are added during the pressing process, and then microwave drying is performed.

[0012] Step 2, Applying surface glaze: Apply surface glaze to the body by spraying, adding nano-sized alumina particles to the surface glaze, and using ultrasonic atomization technology during the spraying process;

[0013] Step 3, decorative pattern: Apply the decorative pattern to the surface glaze layer by inkjet printing, screen printing or roller printing. First, print a base pattern, and then print a transparent nano titanium dioxide coating on it.

[0014] Step 4, Apply water-based ceramic ink: Inkjet print water-based ceramic ink onto the decorative pattern layer;

[0015] Step 5, apply anti-slip protective glaze: apply composite anti-slip glaze to the water-based ceramic ink layer. The composite anti-slip glaze has a multi-layer structure design. The bottom layer is zirconium oxide ceramic particles, the middle layer is a mixture of nano titanium dioxide and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, and the surface layer is antibacterial nano silver particles. The glaze is applied by electrostatic spraying.

[0016] Step 6, firing: The body with the composite anti-slip glaze applied is fired at 1190-1210℃ for 55-65 minutes.

[0017] Step 7, Post-processing: The fired ceramic tiles are brushed and polished to obtain high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles.

[0018] In the above technical solution, a composite anti-slip glaze is applied to the water-based ceramic ink layer. This composite anti-slip glaze adopts a multi-layer structure design. The bottom layer consists of zirconia ceramic particles, which are uniformly distributed through an electrostatic spraying process. Utilizing the principle of electrostatic adsorption, the particles move directionally and adhere to the surface of the brick, avoiding secondary agglomeration and ensuring particle uniformity. The middle layer is a mixture of nano-titanium dioxide and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, prepared using a sol-gel method. This method allows for precise control of particle size and dispersion, forming a stable middle layer. The surface layer consists of antibacterial nano-silver particles. These particles possess excellent antibacterial properties and can form an antibacterial layer on the ceramic tile surface, effectively inhibiting bacterial growth and reproduction.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the pressing process parameters are: pressure of 40-60 MPa and pressing frequency of 3-4 times / min per machine.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of nano-sized silica particles added is 2-3% of the weight of the ceramic matrix, the microwave drying time is 12-15 minutes, and the microwave power is 600-700W. Adding nano-sized silica particles during the pressing process allows these particles to form micro-support structures within the green body, improving its density and strength. The subsequent microwave drying process utilizes the high-frequency electromagnetic waves of microwaves to rapidly evaporate moisture from the green body. This rapid drying method not only effectively shortens the drying time but also prevents defects such as cracking during the drying process.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of nano-sized alumina particles added is 3-5% of the weight of the glaze, and the ultrasonic atomization frequency is 25-35 kHz. These particles can be uniformly dispersed in the glaze, forming tiny reinforcing phases and improving the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze. The use of ultrasonic atomization technology during the glazing process utilizes the high-frequency vibration of ultrasound to atomize the glaze into tiny particles, allowing the glaze to be applied more evenly to the surface of the body, improving the adhesion and uniformity of the glaze.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the nano-titanium dioxide coating is 20-30 nm. Nano-titanium dioxide possesses excellent wear resistance and anti-fouling properties, effectively protecting the pattern layer from wear and contamination. By precisely controlling the coating thickness, the durability of the pattern can be significantly improved without compromising its aesthetic appeal.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the water-based ceramic ink comprises the following components by weight percentage: 15-30% pigment, 1-5% dispersant, 0.5-3% thickener, 0.1-1% surfactant, 0.1-1% pH adjuster, and the balance being water; the thickener is guar gum. This natural thickener can form a stable colloidal structure in the ink, improving its viscosity and stability, preventing sedimentation or printhead clogging during inkjet printing, and ensuring smooth inkjet printing.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the inkjet printing parameters for the water-based ceramic ink in step 4 are: printhead pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa and inkjet volume of 80-120 g / m³. 2 .

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the zirconium oxide ceramic particles have a particle size of 100-200 nm and are used in an amount of 5-10% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze; the antibacterial nano-silver particles have a particle size of 5-10 nm and are used in an amount of 0.5-1.5% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the preparation process of the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is as follows: anhydrous ethanol and tetrabutyl titanate are mixed and stirred for 5-10 min to obtain solution A. Then, anhydrous ethanol, deionized water, and urea are mixed and stirred for 5-10 min. The pH is then adjusted to 2-3 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain solution B. Solution A is added dropwise to solution B, and the mixture is stirred for 60-80 min. The mixture is then heat-treated at 160-180℃ for 1-2 h, cooled, washed with deionized water, and finally calcined at 650-700℃ for 3-4 h to obtain nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The weight ratio of titanium dioxide to nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is 1:0.5-1. This preparation method allows for precise control of the structure and properties of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, enabling it to exert a good synergistic effect in composite anti-slip glazes and improve the anti-slip and wear-resistant properties of ceramic tiles.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the electrostatic spraying process parameters are: specific gravity of 1.35-1.45 g / cm³. 3 The glaze application rate is 120-160g / m². 2 .

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention achieves uniform distribution of nano-sized particles on the surface of ceramic tiles at the micro level through innovative multi-layer composite anti-slip glaze design, which significantly improves the anti-slip performance, wear resistance, antibacterial properties and stain resistance of ceramic tiles; Specifically, the zirconium oxide ceramic particles in the bottom layer are uniformly distributed through electrostatic spraying process, and the particles are directionally moved and adsorbed onto the surface of the tile using the principle of electrostatic adsorption, avoiding secondary agglomeration and ensuring the uniformity of particles. This uniformly distributed particle structure forms a stable bottom layer on a macroscopic level, providing good wear resistance and anti-slip performance for the surface of ceramic tiles. The intermediate layer, a mixture of nano-titanium dioxide and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, is prepared by the sol-gel method, which allows for precise control of particle size and dispersibility, forming a stable intermediate layer that further enhances the wear resistance and stain resistance of ceramic tiles. The surface layer contains antibacterial nano-silver particles (5-10 nm in diameter) with excellent antibacterial properties, which can form an antibacterial layer on the surface of ceramic tiles, effectively inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria and improving the hygiene performance of the product. This multi-layer structure design not only solves the problem of insufficient wear resistance and stain resistance of anti-slip protective glazes in existing technologies, but also balances surface texture and anti-slip effect, while filling the gap in antibacterial function.

[0029] (2) This invention further optimizes the internal structure of the billet at the microscopic level by precisely controlling the amount of nano-sized silica particles added and the parameters of microwave drying, resulting in better density and strength. Specifically, the nano-sized silica particles form a tiny support structure inside the billet, improving its density and strength. Microwave drying utilizes the high-frequency electromagnetic waves of microwaves to rapidly evaporate the moisture inside the billet. This rapid drying method not only effectively shortens the drying time but also avoids defects such as cracking during the drying process. This optimized drying process improves production efficiency macroscopically while ensuring the quality of the billet, providing a better foundation for subsequent processes.

[0030] (3) This invention significantly improves the wear resistance and adhesion of the glaze at the microscopic level by adding an appropriate amount of nano-sized alumina particles to the glaze and using ultrasonic atomization technology for glazing. Specifically, the nano-sized alumina particles are uniformly dispersed in the glaze, forming tiny reinforcing phases that improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze. The ultrasonic atomization technology uses the high-frequency vibration of ultrasound to atomize the glaze into tiny particles, allowing the glaze to be applied more evenly to the surface of the body, thus improving the adhesion and uniformity of the glaze. This optimized glazing process provides a better foundation for the decoration and protection of ceramic tile surfaces on a macroscopic level, while solving the problem of insufficient wear resistance and adhesion of the glaze in the prior art.

[0031] (4) This invention enhances the wear resistance and stain resistance of the pattern at the micro level by printing a transparent nano-titanium dioxide coating on the decorative pattern layer, while improving the overall decorative effect of the ceramic tile. Specifically, nano-titanium dioxide has good wear resistance and stain resistance, which can effectively protect the pattern layer from wear and pollution. By precisely controlling the thickness of the coating, the durability of the pattern can be significantly improved without affecting its aesthetics. This optimized decorative process makes the product more competitive in the market on a macro level, while solving the problem of insufficient wear resistance and stain resistance of the decorative pattern in the prior art. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] A method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1, Preparation of green body: The green body is prepared by pressing ceramic matrix material through pressing process, with a pressure of 40MPa and a single machine pressing frequency of 3 times / min. During the pressing process, nano-sized silica particles are added, followed by microwave drying treatment. The amount of nano-sized silica particles added is 2% of the weight of ceramic matrix material, the microwave drying treatment time is 12min, and the microwave power is 600W.

[0036] Step 2, Applying surface glaze: Apply surface glaze to the body by spraying, adding nano-sized alumina particles to the surface glaze, using ultrasonic atomization technology during the spraying process, the amount of nano-sized alumina particles added is 3% of the weight of the surface glaze, and the ultrasonic atomization frequency is 25kHz.

[0037] Step 3, decorative pattern: Apply a decorative pattern to the surface glaze layer by inkjet printing, screen printing or roller printing. First, print a base pattern, and then print a transparent nano titanium dioxide coating on it. The thickness of the nano titanium dioxide coating is 20nm.

[0038] Step 4, Apply water-based ceramic ink: Apply water-based ceramic ink to the decorative pattern layer using inkjet printing. The water-based ceramic ink contains the following components by weight percentage: 15% pigment, 1% dispersant, 0.5% guar gum, 0.1% surfactant, 0.1% pH adjuster, and the balance is water. The inkjet printing parameters for the water-based ceramic ink are: printhead pressure 0.3 MPa, inkjet volume 80 g / m³. 2 ;

[0039] Step 5, Applying Anti-Slip Protective Glaze: Apply a composite anti-slip glaze to the water-based ceramic ink layer. This composite anti-slip glaze has a multi-layered structure. The bottom layer consists of zirconia ceramic particles with a particle size of 100-150 nm, accounting for 5% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze. The middle layer is a mixture of nano-titanium dioxide and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The surface layer consists of antibacterial nano-silver particles with a particle size of 7-10 nm, accounting for 0.5% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze. The glazing method is electrostatic spraying, with the following process parameters: specific gravity 1.35 g / cm³. 3 Glazing amount is 120g / m 2 The preparation process of the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is as follows: anhydrous ethanol and tetrabutyl titanate are mixed and stirred for 5 min to obtain solution A. Anhydrous ethanol, deionized water and urea are then mixed and stirred for 5 min. The pH is then adjusted to 2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain solution B. Solution A is added dropwise to solution B and stirred for 60 min. The mixture is then heat-treated at 160℃ for 1 h, cooled and washed with deionized water, and finally calcined at 650℃ for 3 h to obtain nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The weight ratio of titanium dioxide to nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is 1:0.5.

[0040] Step 6, firing: The body with the composite anti-slip glaze applied is fired at 1190℃ for 55 minutes;

[0041] Step 7, Post-processing: The fired ceramic tiles are brushed and polished to obtain high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] A method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1, Preparation of green body: The green body is prepared by pressing ceramic matrix material through pressing process, with a pressure of 60MPa and a single machine pressing frequency of 4 times / min. During the pressing process, nano-sized silica particles are added, followed by microwave drying treatment. The amount of nano-sized silica particles added is 3% of the weight of ceramic matrix material, the microwave drying treatment time is 15min, and the microwave power is 700W.

[0045] Step 2, Applying surface glaze: Apply surface glaze to the body by spraying, add nano-sized alumina particles to the surface glaze, and use ultrasonic atomization technology during the spraying process. The amount of nano-sized alumina particles added is 5% of the weight of the surface glaze, and the ultrasonic atomization frequency is 35kHz.

[0046] Step 3, decorative pattern: Apply a decorative pattern to the surface glaze layer by inkjet printing, screen printing or roller printing. First, print a base pattern, and then print a transparent nano titanium dioxide coating on it. The thickness of the nano titanium dioxide coating is 30nm.

[0047] Step 4, Apply water-based ceramic ink: Apply water-based ceramic ink to the decorative pattern layer via inkjet printing. The water-based ceramic ink contains the following components by weight percentage: 30% pigment, 5% dispersant, 3% guar gum, 1% surfactant, 1% pH adjuster, and the balance is water. The inkjet printing parameters for the water-based ceramic ink are: printhead pressure 0.5 MPa, inkjet volume 120 g / m³. 2 ;

[0048] Step 5, Applying Anti-Slip Protective Glaze: Apply a composite anti-slip glaze to the water-based ceramic ink layer. This composite anti-slip glaze has a multi-layered structure. The bottom layer consists of zirconia ceramic particles with a particle size of 150-200 nm, accounting for 10% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze. The middle layer is a mixture of nano-titanium dioxide and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The surface layer consists of antibacterial nano-silver particles with a particle size of 5-8 nm, accounting for 1.5% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze. The glazing method is electrostatic spraying, with the following process parameters: specific gravity 1.45 g / cm³. 3 Glazing amount is 160g / m 2The preparation process of the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is as follows: anhydrous ethanol and tetrabutyl titanate are mixed and stirred for 10 min to obtain solution A. Then, anhydrous ethanol, deionized water and urea are mixed and stirred for 10 min. The pH is then adjusted to 3 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain solution B. Solution A is added dropwise to solution B and stirred for 80 min. Then, the mixture is heat-treated at 180℃ for 2 h. After cooling, it is washed with deionized water and finally calcined at 700℃ for 4 h to obtain nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The weight ratio of titanium dioxide to nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is 1:1.

[0049] Step 6, firing: The body with the composite anti-slip glaze applied is fired at 1210℃ for 65 minutes.

[0050] Step 7, Post-processing: The fired ceramic tiles are brushed and polished to obtain high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles.

[0051] Example 3:

[0052] A method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1, Preparation of green body: The green body is prepared by pressing ceramic matrix material through pressing process, with a pressure of 50MPa and a single machine pressing frequency of 4 times / min. During the pressing process, nano-sized silica particles are added, followed by microwave drying treatment. The amount of nano-sized silica particles added is 3% of the weight of ceramic matrix material, the microwave drying treatment time is 13min, and the microwave power is 650W.

[0054] Step 2, Applying surface glaze: Apply surface glaze to the body by spraying, adding nano-sized alumina particles to the surface glaze, using ultrasonic atomization technology during the spraying process, the amount of nano-sized alumina particles added is 4% of the weight of the surface glaze, and the ultrasonic atomization frequency is 30kHz.

[0055] Step 3, decorative pattern: Apply a decorative pattern to the surface glaze layer by inkjet printing, screen printing or roller printing. First, print a base pattern, and then print a transparent nano titanium dioxide coating on it. The thickness of the nano titanium dioxide coating is 25nm.

[0056] Step 4, Apply water-based ceramic ink: Apply water-based ceramic ink to the decorative pattern layer using inkjet printing. The water-based ceramic ink contains the following components by weight percentage: 20% pigment, 3% dispersant, 2% guar gum, 0.5% surfactant, 0.8% pH adjuster, and the balance being water. The inkjet printing parameters for the water-based ceramic ink are: printhead pressure of 0.4 MPa and inkjet volume of 100 g / m³. 2 ;

[0057] Step 5, Applying Anti-Slip Protective Glaze: Apply a composite anti-slip glaze to the water-based ceramic ink layer. This composite anti-slip glaze has a multi-layered structure. The bottom layer consists of zirconia ceramic particles with a particle size of 120-150 nm, accounting for 8% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze. The middle layer is a mixture of nano-titanium dioxide and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The surface layer consists of antibacterial nano-silver particles with a particle size of 6-8 nm, accounting for 1.0% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze. The glazing method is electrostatic spraying, with the following process parameters: specific gravity 1.40 g / cm³. 3 The glaze application amount is 135g / m². 2 The preparation process of the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is as follows: anhydrous ethanol and tetrabutyl titanate are mixed and stirred for 8 min to obtain solution A. Then, anhydrous ethanol, deionized water and urea are mixed and stirred for 6 min. The pH is then adjusted to 3 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain solution B. Solution A is added dropwise to solution B and stirred for 75 min. Then, the mixture is heat-treated at 170℃ for 1.5 h. After cooling, it is washed with deionized water and finally calcined at 680℃ for 3.5 h to obtain nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The weight ratio of titanium dioxide to nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is 1:0.6.

[0058] Step 6, firing: The body with the composite anti-slip glaze applied is fired at 1200℃ for 60 minutes;

[0059] Step 7, Post-processing: The fired ceramic tiles are brushed and polished to obtain high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles.

[0060] Comparative Example 1:

[0061] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that a traditional anti-slip protective glaze is used, the specific components of which include: frit: 79%, potassium feldspar: 7%, calcined kaolin: 3%, wollastonite: 3%, alumina: 4%, and quartz powder: 4%. The multi-layer structure design of the composite anti-slip glaze is not used. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 2:

[0063] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no antibacterial nano-silver particles are added to the composite anti-slip glaze; the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 3:

[0065] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that a transparent nano-titanium dioxide coating is not printed on the decorative pattern layer; the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 4:

[0067] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that a conventional flux ink is used, which consists of the following components: 60% organic solvent, 0.4% surfactant, 3% humectant, 0.5% metal ion chelating agent, 0.5% resin, 1.6% pH adjuster, and 34% calcium carbonate. The novel water-based ceramic ink is not used. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0068] Performance test results

[0069] The wet static friction coefficient was tested using the wet method in Appendix M of GB / T 4100-2015, "Determination of Friction Coefficient".

[0070] The abrasion resistance of the glaze surface was tested using the test method in GB / T 3810.7-2016 "Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Glazed Tile Surface".

[0071] The stain resistance of the glaze was tested using the test method in GB / T 3810.14-2016 "Determination of Stain Resistance".

[0072] The antibacterial properties were tested using the test methods in GB / T 21510-2008 "Antibacterial Ceramic Tiles".

[0073] The specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," and any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Specific examples have been used in this document to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. These examples are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, due to the limitations of written expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or variations without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the present invention to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Preparation of green body: The green body is prepared by pressing ceramic matrix material, wherein nano-sized silica particles are added during the pressing process, and then microwave drying is performed. Step 2, Applying surface glaze: Apply surface glaze to the body by spraying, adding nano-sized alumina particles to the surface glaze, and using ultrasonic atomization technology during the spraying process; Step 3, decorative pattern: Apply the decorative pattern to the surface glaze layer by inkjet printing, screen printing or roller printing. First, print a base pattern, and then print a transparent nano titanium dioxide coating on it. Step 4, Apply water-based ceramic ink: Inkjet print water-based ceramic ink onto the decorative pattern layer; Step 5, apply anti-slip protective glaze: apply composite anti-slip glaze to the water-based ceramic ink layer. The composite anti-slip glaze has a multi-layer structure design. The bottom layer is zirconium oxide ceramic particles, the middle layer is a mixture of nano titanium dioxide and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, and the surface layer is antibacterial nano silver particles. The glaze is applied by electrostatic spraying. Step 6, firing: The body with the composite anti-slip glaze applied is fired at 1190-1210℃ for 55-65 minutes. Step 7, Post-processing: The fired ceramic tiles are brushed and polished to obtain high-performance anti-slip ceramic tiles.

2. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing process parameters are: pressure of 40-60MPa, and number of presses per machine of 3-4 times / min.

3. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of nano-sized silica particles added is 2-3% of the weight of the ceramic matrix, the microwave drying time is 12-15 min, and the microwave power is 600-700W.

4. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of nano-sized alumina particles added is 3-5% of the weight of the glaze, and the ultrasonic atomization frequency is 25-35kHz.

5. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the nano-titanium dioxide coating is 20-30 nm.

6. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-based ceramic ink contains the following components by mass percentage: 15-30% pigment, 1-5% dispersant, 0.5-3% thickener, 0.1-1% surfactant, 0.1-1% pH adjuster, and the balance being water; the thickener is guar gum.

7. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inkjet printing parameters for the water-based ceramic ink in step 4 are: printhead pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa and inkjet volume of 80-120g / m².

8. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zirconium oxide ceramic particles have a particle size of 100-200 nm and are used in an amount of 5-10% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze. The antibacterial nano-silver particles have a particle size of 5-10 nm and are used in an amount of 0.5-1.5% of the total weight of the composite anti-slip glaze.

9. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is as follows: anhydrous ethanol and tetrabutyl titanate are mixed and stirred for 5-10 min to obtain solution A. Then, anhydrous ethanol, deionized water and urea are mixed and stirred for 5-10 min. The pH is then adjusted to 2-3 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain solution B. Solution A is added dropwise to solution B and stirred for 60-80 min. Then, the mixture is heat-treated at 160-180℃ for 1-2 h. After cooling, it is washed with deionized water. Finally, it is calcined at 650-700℃ for 3-4 h to obtain nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. The weight ratio of titanium dioxide to nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide is 1:0.5-1.

10. The method for preparing a high-performance anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrostatic spraying process parameters are: specific gravity of 1.35-1.45 g / cm³, and glaze application amount of 120-160 g / m².

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