Explosion-proof alloy material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of explosion-proof materials, and discloses an explosion-proof alloy material and a preparation method thereof.The explosion-proof alloy material comprises, by weight, 4%-4.5% of Al, 3%-3.5% of Mn, 3%-4% of Ti, 2%-2.5% of Fe, 1%-2% of Cr, 0.3%-0.8% of Mo, 0.3%-0.6% of Ce, 0.2%-0.3% of Cu, 0.1%-0.3% of Si, 0.1%-0.2% of Mg, 0.1%-0.2% of Zn, 0.05%-0.1% of Ag, 0.05%-0.1% of Nb, 0.02%-0.05% of B and the balance Ni. The contents are adjusted according to actual application requirements, so that the anti-explosion alloy material with the total weight percentage of 100% is formed. Nickel serves as a matrix, multiple elements are added, a multi-element alloy system is formed, component homogenization is achieved through vacuum melting and electromagnetic stirring, solid solution treatment and a graded aging process are combined, uniform precipitation of a nanoscale strengthening phase is promoted, the strength and corrosion resistance of the material are remarkably improved, and a high-performance and long-service-life solution is provided for the field of explosion-proof materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of explosion-proof materials, and particularly relates to an explosion-proof alloy material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In key industries such as energy chemical industry, construction, petroleum, natural gas, aerospace, pharmaceutical mining, etc., the working environment often has flammable and explosive gases or dust, which requires that the tools used not only be durable, but also have explosion-proof performance to avoid safety accidents caused by sparks generated by tools. In addition, in some industrial scenarios, the tools may also need to be non-magnetic to prevent interference with precision equipment or measuring instruments.

[0003] Among traditional alloy materials, aluminum-based explosion-proof materials have defects such as poor pressure resistance, easy oxidation and corrosion, and short service life. Although ferroalloys have low cost, their hardness and explosion-proof performance are insufficient. Copper alloys are limited in application due to their high density and high cost. For example, in the petrochemical field, traditional materials are exposed to strong acid and strong base environments for a long time, and are prone to intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, resulting in a significant increase in the risk of equipment failure. In addition, the honeycomb structure design of existing explosion-proof materials has problems such as insufficient strength and easy collapse, and it is difficult to meet the safety requirements under extreme working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an explosion-proof alloy material and a preparation method thereof. Using nickel as the matrix, adding various elements to form a multi-element alloy system, achieving composition homogenization through vacuum melting and electromagnetic stirring, and combining solution treatment and step aging process to promote the uniform precipitation of nano-scale strengthening phases, significantly improving the strength and corrosion resistance of the material, and providing a high-performance and long-life solution for the field of explosion-proof materials.

[0005] The present invention provides an explosion-proof alloy material, comprising the following components:

[0006]

[0007]

[0008] The above percentages are weight percentages, and the above contents are adjusted according to actual application requirements to form an explosion-proof alloy material with a total weight percentage of 100%.

[0009] The present invention also provides a preparation method of an explosion-proof alloy material. Based on the above-mentioned explosion-proof alloy material, the preparation method specifically includes:

[0010] S1. Determine the percentages of the raw materials of each component, accurately weigh the raw materials of each component, and pretreat the raw materials of each component by mechanical grinding and chemical cleaning to remove the oxide layer and oil stain on the surface;

[0011] S2. Load the pre-treated component raw materials into the crucible of the smelting furnace in a set order, and make the vacuum degree in the smelting furnace reach 10 -3 ~10 -4 Pa. Heat to gradually raise the temperature in the smelting furnace above the melting point of the alloy. When the temperature reaches 100 - 150°C higher than the liquidus line of the alloy, stir for 10 - 15 minutes.

[0012] S3. When the molten metal reaches the set temperature and uniformity, stop heating and stirring, and pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for casting; among them, the temperature of the mold is controlled at 100 - 200°C;

[0013] S4. Put the cast alloy material into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment; among them, the solution treatment temperature is controlled at 520 - 540°C, and the holding time is 2 - 4 hours;

[0014] S5. Conduct cold deformation treatment by rolling and forging methods, and control the cold deformation amount at 10 - 20%;

[0015] S6. Conduct aging treatment, adopt a step aging process, first hold at 120 - 150°C for 4 - 6 hours to promote the formation of GP zones, then raise the temperature to 180 - 200°C and hold for 8 - 12 hours to evenly precipitate nano-scale strengthening phases; after the aging treatment is completed, cool naturally to room temperature.

[0016] Further, after the step S6, it also includes:

[0017] S7. Surface treatment, generate an Al2O3-TiO2 composite ceramic film on the alloy surface by micro-arc oxidation process, and control the film thickness at 5 - 10μm; electroplate Ni-P alloy or electrolessly plate Cu-Ni-P, and control the coating thickness at 10 - 15μm.

[0018] Further, in the step S2, the set order of loading each component raw material into the crucible of the smelting furnace is:

[0019] Bottom layer: Ni, Fe, Cr, Mo with the highest melting points; among them, Fe, Cr, Mo are in block form for good heat conduction;

[0020] Middle layer: Al, Mn, Ti with medium melting points, which form a melt to wrap the bottom layer metal;

[0021] Upper layer: light metals and trace elements Mg, Zn, Ag, Si, Ce, Cu, Nb, B, which are encapsulated in a stainless steel mesh bag to prevent floating materials or volatilization.

[0022] Further, in the step S2, make the vacuum degree in the smelting furnace reach 10 -3 ~10 -4After reaching 1500 °C at a heating rate of 15 °C / min, when the melt is completely melted, start electromagnetic stirring at a rotational speed of 150 rpm and continue for 15 minutes to accelerate the dissolution of Cr and Mo elements. Add C2Cl6 deoxidizer accounting for 0.1% of the melt mass, stir for 5 minutes, and remove the floating inclusions with a graphite slag skimmer;

[0023] The melting temperature is stabilized at 1500 ± 10 °C, and the total melting time is 40 - 50 minutes. High-purity Ar gas is introduced in the later stage of melting at a flow rate of 5 L / min to inhibit the oxidation of Al and Mg.

[0024] Further, in step S3, the melting furnace is tilted at 30°, and the molten metal is injected into the mold through a diversion groove at a flow rate of 5 kg / s. The vacuum degree is maintained < 5×10 -2 Pa during the casting process to reduce secondary oxidation. Immediately after casting, spray water at a water pressure of 0.3 MPa on the bottom of the mold to achieve a cooling rate of 15 °C / s.

[0025] Further, in step S4, a box-type resistance furnace is used. It is preheated to 500 °C before loading the alloy ingot, heated to 530 ± 5 °C at 10 °C / min, and held for 3 hours to ensure the full dissolution of Cr and Mo and form an α-Ni-based solid solution; after the holding ends, immediately transfer the alloy ingot to an oil bath at 80 °C and stir the oil to make the cooling rate ≥ 50 °C / s to avoid the precipitation of coarse Al3Ni phase;

[0026] After the solution treatment, the alloy material is cooled to room temperature by oil cooling or water cooling to maintain the supersaturated solid solution state.

[0027] Further, in step S6,

[0028] Low-temperature stage: Put the cold-deformed alloy into an air-circulation furnace, heat it to 135 ± 5 °C at 15 °C / min, and hold for 5 hours to promote the formation of GP zones with a size of 2 - 5 nm;

[0029] Medium-temperature stage: Directly heat it to 190 ± 5 °C and hold for 10 hours to precipitate θ”(Al2Cu) and β'(MgZn2) phases with a size of 50 - 80 nm, which are evenly distributed in the grains and grain boundaries;

[0030] Cooling: Cool it in the furnace to below 50 °C and then take it out to avoid microcracks caused by thermal stress.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The present invention uses nickel as the matrix and adds various elements to form a multi-element alloy system, achieving excellent explosion-proof performance through the design of a honeycomb structure. Specifically, the honeycomb structure divides the inner cavity of the container into thousands of tiny compartments, effectively blocking the spread of flames and reducing the peak explosion pressure. At the same time, the high thermal conductivity of the material can quickly absorb the combustion heat, reducing the temperature by more than 50% after the reaction. In addition, the step aging process improves the stress corrosion resistance of the alloy by 30%, while the salt spray corrosion life of the micro-arc oxidation ceramic film can reach more than 2000 hours, and the hardness of the electroless Ni-P coating reaches HV550 - 600, significantly superior to traditional coatings. The preparation method of the present invention has the advantages of stable process, controllable composition, and low energy consumption, providing a high-performance and long-life solution for the field of explosion-proof materials, especially suitable for harsh environments such as petroleum, chemical industry, and mining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the explosion-proof alloy material of the present invention.

[0034] The realization, functional characteristics, and advantages of the object of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] The present invention provides an explosion-proof alloy material, including the following components:

[0037]

[0038] The above percentages are weight percentages, and the above contents are adjusted according to actual application requirements to form an explosion-proof alloy material with a total weight percentage of 100%.

[0039] The addition of elements such as Ti and Ag gives it good acid and alkali corrosion resistance, can remain stable in a harsh chemical environment, is not easily corroded, and can be used in places where there are corrosive media such as acids and alkalis to prevent the explosion-proof performance from being reduced due to corrosion. The various elements in the alloy cooperate with each other, endowing the material with certain strength, toughness, and impact resistance, and can also play a good explosion-proof role while meeting the corrosion resistance requirements.

[0040] The present invention also provides a preparation method of an explosion-proof alloy material. Based on the above-mentioned explosion-proof alloy material, the preparation method specifically includes:

[0041] S1. Raw material preparation

[0042] Weigh the raw materials of each element accurately according to the formula ratio to ensure that the purity of the raw materials meets the requirements. For elements such as Al, Mn, Ti, Fe, Cr, Mo, Ce, Cu, Si, Mg, Zn, Ag, Nb, B, etc., use metal single substances or intermediate alloys with higher purity as raw materials. For example, use metal aluminum blocks and manganese-iron alloys with a purity of not less than 99.5%.

[0043] Pre-treat the raw materials to remove the oxide layer, oil and other impurities on the surface to ensure the cleanliness of the raw materials. Pre-treatment can be carried out by mechanical grinding, chemical cleaning and other methods.

[0044] Main elements: Ni (block or ingot, as matrix), Al (aluminum ingot, cut into small pieces of 5 to 10 cm), Mn (electrolytic manganese flakes), Ti (sponge titanium, crushed to a particle size of ≤ 2 cm).

[0045] Alloy elements: Fe (electrolytic iron), Cr (high carbon ferrochrome, Cr content ≥ 50%, used to accurately control the Cr content), Mo (molybdenum bar), Ce (rare earth metal cerium, cut into thin sheets), Cu (electrolytic copper).

[0046] Trace elements: Si (silicon particles), Mg (magnesium ingots, avoid long-term exposure to humid air), Zn (zinc particles), Ag (silver particles), Nb (niobium powder), B (boron iron alloy, B content ≥ 20%, used to accurately control the B content).

[0047] Use a 1 / 10,000 electronic balance (accuracy ±0.001g) to weigh according to the formula ratio, and adjust the total mass according to the mold capacity (for example, if preparing 10kg alloy, each element is converted according to the ratio). Mg, Zn, Ag and other easily oxidized elements should be sealed and stored separately, and quickly transferred to a drying dish after weighing; if there is an oxide film on the surface of active metals such as Al and Ti, it needs to be polished with sandpaper until it is bright.

[0048] S2. Vacuum melting

[0049] Put the pretreated raw materials into the crucible of the melting furnace in the set order, close the melting furnace door, start the vacuum pump, and evacuate the furnace to a vacuum state. The vacuum degree reaches 10 -3 ~10 -4 Pa, in order to reduce the reaction of the metal with oxygen, nitrogen and other impurities in the air during the smelting process. Start heating, so that the temperature in the furnace gradually rises to above the melting point of the alloy. The heating speed should not be too fast, generally controlled at 5-10℃ / min, to avoid local overheating of the metal. When the temperature reaches the melting temperature of the alloy (100-150℃ higher than the liquidus of the alloy), turn on the electromagnetic stirring device, and the stirring time is 10-15 minutes to fully mix the elements and ensure the uniformity of the composition. During the smelting process, some deoxidizers, slag removers, etc. are added in time as needed to remove impurities and gases in the molten metal.

[0050] (1) Loading sequence:

[0051] Bottom layer: Ni with the highest melting point (accounting for 50% of the total mass) + Fe + Cr + Mo (lump materials, facilitating heat conduction).

[0052] Middle layer: Al + Mn + Ti (medium melting point, forming a melt to wrap the bottom layer metal).

[0053] Upper layer: Light metals and trace elements (Mg, Zn, Ag, Si, Ce, Cu, Nb, B), encapsulated in a stainless steel mesh bag (preventing floating materials or volatilization).

[0054] The high melting point metals in the bottom layer first melt to form a molten pool. The Al-based alloy in the middle layer reduces the density of the melt. The trace elements in the upper layer are evenly dispersed in the melt convection, reducing the high-temperature volatilization of Mg and Zn (the volatilization rate is < 5% at > 700°C).

[0055] (2) Vacuum pumping and heating

[0056] Start the mechanical pump + molecular pump, and reduce the vacuum degree in the furnace to below 1×10-3 Pa within 20 minutes; turn on the medium-frequency induction heating power supply (power 50 - 100 kW), and heat up to 1500°C at a rate of 15°C / min (about 120°C higher than the liquidus temperature of the alloy, and the calculated liquidus temperature is about 1380°C).

[0057] (3) Electromagnetic stirring and refining

[0058] When the melt is completely melted (about 1450°C), start electromagnetic stirring (150 rpm) and continue for 15 minutes to accelerate the dissolution of refractory elements such as Cr and Mo; add 0.1% (by mass of the melt) of C2Cl6 (hexachloroethane) deoxidizer, stir for 5 minutes, and remove the floating inclusions with a graphite slag skimming spoon.

[0059] (4) Temperature and time control

[0060] The melting temperature is stabilized at 1500 ± 10°C, and the total melting time is 40 - 50 minutes (ensuring complete dissolution of Ce and avoiding the formation of coarse CeAl 11 phase); at the later stage of melting, introduce high-purity Ar gas (flow rate 5 L / min) to inhibit the oxidation of Al and Mg.

[0061] S3. Casting and forming

[0062] When the molten metal reaches the appropriate temperature and uniformity, stop heating and stirring. Pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for casting. The temperature of the mold is generally controlled at 100 - 200°C to ensure the fluidity and forming quality of the molten metal. During the casting process, control the casting speed and casting volume to avoid defects such as incomplete casting and porosity.

[0063] The mold temperature is controlled at 180 ± 20 °C by an electric heating rod (to avoid cracks caused by sudden quenching of the melt). The melting furnace is tilted at 30°, and the molten metal is injected into the mold through a diversion channel at a flow rate of 5 kg / s (to avoid gas entrainment due to turbulence); during the casting process, the vacuum degree is maintained < 5 × 10-2 Pa to reduce secondary oxidation. Immediately after casting, the bottom of the mold is sprayed with water (water pressure 0.3 MPa) to achieve a cooling rate of 15 °C / s (to promote grain refinement, with the target average grain size ≤ 80 μm).

[0064] S4. Solution treatment

[0065] The cast alloy material is put into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment. The solution treatment temperature is controlled at 520 - 540 °C, and the holding time is 2 - 4 hours. During the solution treatment process, elements such as Cr and Mo are fully dissolved in the matrix to form a uniform supersaturated solid solution. After the solution treatment is completed, the alloy material is cooled to room temperature by means of rapid cooling, such as oil cooling or water cooling, to maintain the supersaturated solid solution state.

[0066] Heating process: Raise the temperature to 530 ± 5 °C (the peak temperature of the solid solubility of Al-Ni-Ti) at a rate of 10 °C / min, and hold for 3 hours (to ensure that Cr and Mo are fully dissolved to form an α-Ni-based solid solution).

[0067] Cooling method: After the holding is completed, immediately transfer the alloy ingot to an oil bath at 80 °C (the quenching oil is N32 mechanical oil), and stir the oil to make the cooling rate ≥ 50 °C / s to avoid the precipitation of coarse Al3Ni phase (the target supersaturation > 95%).

[0068] S5. Cold deformation treatment

[0069] Cold deformation treatment is carried out by rolling and forging methods, and the cold deformation amount is controlled at 10 - 20%; cold deformation can increase the dislocation density in the alloy and provide more nucleation sites for subsequent aging treatment.

[0070] Equipment: Two-high rolling mill (roll diameter 200 mm, surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.8 μm), and the alloy ingot is rolled after being heated to room temperature (25 °C).

[0071] Deformation parameters: The reduction per pass is 5%, the total deformation amount is 15% (the thickness is reduced from 30 mm to 25.5 mm), the rolling rate is 0.5 m / s, and industrial vaseline is used for lubrication during the process (to reduce surface cracks).

[0072] Check the surface after deformation, and no cracks or folds visible to the naked eye are allowed; through observation with an optical microscope, the dislocation density needs to be increased from 10 10 cm-2 to 10 11 cm-2 or more.

[0073] S6. Aging Treatment

[0074] The alloy material after solution treatment or cold deformation treatment is subjected to aging treatment. A stepped aging process is adopted. First, it is held at 120 - 150 °C for 4 - 6 hours to promote the formation of GP zones. Then the temperature is raised to 180 - 200 °C and held for 8 - 12 hours to uniformly precipitate nanoscale strengthening phases (such as θ”(Al2Cu), β'(MgZn2), etc.). After the aging treatment, it is naturally cooled to room temperature.

[0075] Low - temperature stage: The cold - deformed (or solution - treated) alloy is placed in an air - circulation furnace and heated to 135 ± 5 °C at a rate of 15 °C / min and held for 5 hours (to promote the formation of GP zones (Cu - atom - enriched zones) with a size of about 2 - 5 nm).

[0076] Medium - temperature stage: Directly raise the temperature to 190 ± 5 °C and hold for 10 hours (to precipitate θ”(Al2Cu) and β'(MgZn2) phases with a size of 50 - 80 nm, uniformly distributed in the grains and grain boundaries).

[0077] Cooling: Cool in the furnace to below 50 °C and then take out (to avoid micro - cracks caused by thermal stress).

[0078] Microstructure control: By adjusting the holding time, control the volume fraction of the precipitated phase at 8% - 12%, and the precipitated phase at the grain boundaries shows a discontinuous distribution (reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion).

[0079] S7. Surface Treatment

[0080] A micro - arc oxidation process is used to form an Al2O2 - TiO2 composite ceramic film on the alloy surface, with the film thickness controlled at 5 - 10 μm; Ni - P alloy is electroplated or Cu - Ni - P is electroless - plated, with the coating thickness controlled at 10 - 15 μm.

[0081] (1) Micro - arc oxidation (MAO)

[0082] Main salt: Na2SiO3 5 g / L + NaOH 2 g / L + KOH 1 g / L (adjust the pH to 12 - 13), add 0.5 g / L of Ce(NO3)3 (using the Ce element in the formula to promote the densification of the ceramic film).

[0083] Power supply: Pulse direct - current power supply, voltage 400 - 450 V, frequency 500 Hz, duty cycle 30%; treatment time 20 minutes, and the solution temperature is controlled at 30 ± 5 °C.

[0084] Film effect: Form an Al2O3 - TiO2 composite film with a thickness of 8 ± 2 μm, surface roughness Ra ≤ 1.0 μm, and porosity < 4%.

[0085] (2) Electroless plating Ni - P

[0086] Pretreatment: Degreasing (5% NaOH solution, 60 °C, 10 minutes) → Pickling (10% H2SO4, room temperature, 2 minutes) → Activation (5% HCl, room temperature, 1 minute).

[0087] Plating bath formula: NiSO4·6H2O 25 g / L + NaH2PO2·H2O 30 g / L + C3H6O3 (lactic acid) 20 mL / L, pH 4.5 ± 0.2, temperature 85 ± 2 °C, time 60 minutes.

[0088] Coating properties: Coating thickness 12 ± 2 μm, phosphorus content 8% - 10%, hardness HV550 - 600, adhesion ≥ 50 MPa.

[0089] Finally, perform performance tests on the prepared alloy material, including hardness tests, tensile tests, impact tests, corrosion resistance tests, etc. Analyze the phase composition of the alloy by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and observe the microstructure of the alloy using a metallurgical microscope to ensure that the performance and microstructure of the alloy meet the requirements. If the test results do not meet the requirements, adjustments and improvements need to be made to the preparation process.

[0090] The present invention uses nickel as the matrix, adds various elements to form a multi-element alloy system, and achieves excellent explosion-proof performance through the honeycomb structure design. Specifically, the honeycomb structure divides the inner cavity of the container into thousands of tiny compartments, effectively blocking the propagation of flames, reducing the peak explosion pressure. At the same time, the high thermal conductivity of the material can quickly absorb the combustion heat, reducing the temperature by more than 50% after the reaction. In addition, the step aging process improves the stress corrosion resistance of the alloy by 30%, and the salt spray corrosion life of the micro-arc oxidation ceramic film can reach more than 2000 hours. The hardness of the electroless Ni-P coating reaches HV550 - 600, which is significantly better than traditional coatings. The preparation method of the present invention has the advantages of stable process, controllable composition, low energy consumption, etc., providing a high-performance and long-life solution for the field of explosion-proof materials, especially suitable for harsh environments such as petroleum, chemical industry, and mines.

[0091] It should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, device, article or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, device, article or method including that element.

[0092] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be similarly included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof alloy material, characterized in that: Includes the following components: The above percentages are weight percentages, and the above contents are adjusted according to actual application requirements to form an explosion-proof alloy material with a total weight percentage of 100%.

2. A method for preparing an explosion-proof alloy material, characterized in that: Based on the explosion-proof alloy material according to claim 1, the preparation method specifically comprises: S1. Determine the percentage of each component raw material, accurately weigh each component raw material, and pre-treat each component raw material by mechanical grinding and chemical cleaning to remove the oxide layer and oil stain on the surface; S2, the pre-treated raw materials of each component are loaded into the crucible of the melting furnace according to the set order, and the vacuum degree in the melting furnace reaches 10 -3 ~10 -4 Pa, heat the melting furnace to gradually raise the temperature above the melting point of the alloy. When the temperature reaches 100-150°C higher than the liquidus of the alloy, stir for 10-15 minutes. S3. When the molten metal reaches the set temperature and uniformity, stop heating and stirring, and pour the molten metal into a pre-prepared mold for casting; wherein the temperature of the mold is controlled at 100-200°C; S4, placing the cast alloy material into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment; wherein the solution treatment temperature is controlled at 520-540° C., and the holding time is 2-4 hours; S5. Cold deformation treatment is carried out by rolling and forging, and the cold deformation amount is controlled within 10-20%; S6. Perform aging treatment using a graded aging process. First, keep the temperature at 120-150°C for 4-6 hours to promote the formation of the GP zone. Then increase the temperature to 180-200°C and keep it for 8-12 hours to allow the nano-scale strengthening phase to precipitate evenly. After the aging treatment, naturally cool to room temperature.

3. The method for preparing the explosion-proof alloy material according to claim 2, characterized in that: After step S6, the method further includes: S7. Surface treatment: using micro-arc oxidation process to generate Al2O3-TiO2 composite ceramic film on the alloy surface, the film thickness is controlled at 5-10μm; plating Ni-P alloy or chemical plating Cu-Ni-P, the coating thickness is controlled at 10-15μm.

4. The method for preparing the explosion-proof alloy material according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the setting order of loading the raw materials of each component into the crucible of the smelting furnace is: Bottom layer: Ni, Fe, Cr, and Mo with the highest melting points; among them, Fe, Cr, and Mo are block materials for easy heat conduction; Middle layer: Al, Mn, and Ti with medium melting points, which wrap the bottom metal after forming a melt; Upper layer: light metals and trace elements Mg, Zn, Ag, Si, Ce, Cu, Nb, and B, packaged in stainless steel mesh bags to prevent floating or volatilization.

5. The method for preparing the explosion-proof alloy material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the vacuum degree in the smelting furnace is made to reach 10 -3 ~10 -4 Pa, the temperature was raised to 1500℃ at a rate of 15℃ / min. When the melt was completely melted, electromagnetic stirring was started at a speed of 150rpm for 15 minutes to accelerate the dissolution of Cr and Mo elements. A deoxidizer of 0.1% of the melt mass was added, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. The floating inclusions were removed with a graphite skimmer. The smelting temperature is stabilized at 1500±10°C, the total smelting time is 40 to 50 minutes, and high-purity Ar gas is introduced in the later stage of smelting with a flow rate of 5L / min to inhibit the oxidation of Al and Mg.

6. The method for preparing the explosion-proof alloy material according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the smelting furnace is tilted 30°, and the molten metal is injected into the mold through the guide groove at a flow rate of 5 kg / s. The vacuum degree is maintained at <5×10 -2 Pa to reduce secondary oxidation. Immediately after casting, water is sprayed on the bottom of the mold with a water pressure of 0.3MPa to achieve a cooling rate of 15℃ / s.

7. The method for preparing the explosion-proof alloy material according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S4, a box-type resistance furnace is used, and the alloy ingot is preheated to 500°C before being loaded, and the temperature is increased to 530±5°C at 10°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 3 hours to ensure that Cr and Mo are fully dissolved to form an α-Ni-based solid solution; after the insulation is completed, the alloy ingot is immediately transferred to an 80°C oil tank, and the oil is stirred to make the cooling rate ≥50°C / s to avoid the precipitation of coarse Al3Ni phase; After the solution treatment, the alloy material is cooled to room temperature by oil cooling or water cooling to maintain the supersaturated solid solution state.

8. The method for preparing the explosion-proof alloy material according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S6, Low temperature stage: put the cold deformed alloy into an air circulation furnace, raise the temperature to 135±5℃ at 15℃ / min, and keep it at this temperature for 5 hours to promote the formation of GP zone with a size of 2-5nm; Medium temperature stage: directly raise the temperature to 190±5℃ and keep it for 10 hours, precipitate θ" (Al2Cu) and β' (MgZn2) phases with a size of 50-80nm, evenly distributed in the grains and grain boundaries; Cooling: Cool down to below 50℃ in the furnace before taking out to avoid micro cracks caused by temperature difference stress.

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