Alloy composite material for automobile armrest, preparation process and automobile armrest

Abstract

The invention provides an alloy composite material for an automobile armrest, a preparation process and the automobile armrest, and belongs to the field of automobile armrest materials. The preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing mesoporous carbon; preparing a mesoporous carbon loaded nano titanium diboride composite material; preparing a heat insulation additive; preparing an anti-ultraviolet additive; preparing an anti-ultraviolet heat insulation shell material; and preparing the automobile armrest composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a phenolic resin prepolymer solution from phenol and formaldehyde as raw materials, adding the phenolic resin prepolymer solution into a mixed solution containing a triblock copolymer P123 for aging, carrying out heating carbonization and post-treatment to prepare mesoporous carbon, adding the mesoporous carbon into a precursor solution prepared by mixing a butyl titanate solution and a boric acid solution, and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction to obtain the mesoporous carbon / titanium dioxide composite material. After the mesoporous carbon loaded nano titanium diboride composite material is added into an alloy base material, the strength of the alloy base material can be effectively improved, and then the overall mechanical property of the composite material is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of automobile armrest materials, and in particular to an alloy composite material for automobile armrests, a preparation process and an automobile armrest. Background Art

[0002] The car armrest is a functional component in the car interior, usually installed on both sides of the car seat or on the door, and some are installed in the center console and other places. It mainly provides elbow support for the driver and passengers to improve the driving comfort. During the driving process of the car, the armrest will be subjected to various forces of different directions and sizes, which requires the armrest material to have sufficient strength. For example, when the vehicle collides or brakes suddenly, the armrest may be subjected to a large impact force. If the material strength is insufficient, the armrest may be damaged and cannot play the due safety protection role. At the same time, considering the lightweight trend of automobiles, reducing the weight of the armrest material while ensuring the strength is of great significance to reducing the energy consumption of the whole vehicle and improving fuel economy.

[0003] At present, the materials commonly used in automobile armrests on the market are mainly traditional metal alloys and engineering plastics. Traditional metal alloys include aluminum alloys and ordinary steel. The strength of aluminum alloys is relatively limited. It is easy to deform when subjected to large external forces, and it is difficult to meet the growing high-strength demand; although ordinary steel has high strength, it is heavy, which is not conducive to lightweighting of automobiles; and although engineering plastics are light and low in cost, they have obvious deficiencies in UV resistance and thermal insulation performance. Ordinary PP materials have weak UV resistance. Under long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays, the molecular chains are easily broken, resulting in degradation of material performance. Although ABS materials have good comprehensive performance, their thermal insulation performance is limited and they cannot effectively block heat transfer.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a high-strength alloy composite material for automobile armrests, a preparation process and an automobile armrest that has resistance to ultraviolet aging and excellent heat insulation performance and is suitable for lightweighting of automobiles. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an alloy composite material for an automobile armrest, a preparation process and an automobile armrest.

[0006] An alloy composite material for automobile armrests comprises an alloy substrate and an anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material, wherein the alloy substrate comprises the following components by weight percentage: 5-6.4% Si, 3.1-4.2% Zn, 2.6-3.8% mesoporous carbon-loaded nano titanium diboride composite material, 1.2-3.1% Cu, 0.25-0.74% Fe, 0.12-0.26% Ti, 0.02-0.28% Cr, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0007] Further, a preparation process of an alloy composite material for an automotive armrest includes the following steps: S1: Prepare mesoporous carbon Dissolve phenol in deionized water, add formaldehyde, adjust the pH after reaction to make a phenolic resin prepolymer solution. Subsequently, mix hydrochloric acid and ethanol, add triblock copolymer P123, then add the above phenolic resin prepolymer solution, stir, heat, age and carbonize, and obtain mesoporous carbon through Soxhlet extraction, washing and drying. S2: Prepare a mesoporous carbon-supported nano titanium diboride composite material First, dissolve tetrabutyl titanate and boric acid separately and then mix them to make a precursor solution, and then add the above mesoporous carbon for hydrothermal reaction. After high-temperature calcination, a mesoporous carbon-supported nano titanium diboride composite material is obtained. S3: Prepare a heat-insulating additive First, prepare monodisperse polystyrene microspheres, then disperse them in deionized water, vertically insert a glass slide for self-assembly, and then immerse them in a lithium niobate precursor solution. After high-temperature sintering and crushing, a heat-insulating additive is obtained. S4: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet additive First, prepare a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion liquid using hexagonal boron nitride powder as a raw material. After modification with a silane coupling agent, add it to a lanthanum nitrate solution, and add a sodium borohydride solution for reaction to obtain an anti-ultraviolet additive. S5: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating shell material Add 20 - 30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile, 25 - 35 parts by mass of butadiene, 50 - 60 parts by mass of styrene, 0.3 - 0.5 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, and 0.1 - 0.2 parts by mass of dodecyl mercaptan into a reaction kettle, heat and stir at 60 - 80 °C for 1 - 2 h for prepolymerization reaction. Then add 10 - 15 parts by mass of the heat-insulating additive prepared in step S3.6, 3 - 5 parts by mass of the anti-ultraviolet additive prepared in step S4.4, 0.2 - 0.4 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, and 0.08 - 1 part by mass of dodecyl mercaptan, and raise the temperature to 120 - 130 °C, continue stirring and reacting for 6 - 8 h. After devolatilization and pelletizing, add it into an injection molding machine for injection molding. After cooling and solidification, an anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating shell material is obtained. S6: Prepare an automotive armrest composite material Raw materials containing Al, Si, Fe, Zn, Ti, Cr and Cu are weighed according to weight percentage, crushed and put into a smelting furnace. Under an argon atmosphere, they are heated and smelted at 700-750°C for 1-2 hours, and then mechanical slag is removed. Then, the mesoporous carbon-loaded nano-titanium diboride composite material obtained in step S2.4 is added, and the smelting is continued for 1-2 hours, and the slag is removed. Then, a covering agent is added and the smelting temperature is adjusted to 650-670°C. The mixture is kept warm for 20-30 minutes, and then poured into a mold, cooled and solidified to obtain an alloy substrate. Finally, the anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material obtained in step S5 is assembled with the alloy substrate to obtain an automobile armrest composite material, wherein the covering agent includes: 20-40 parts of potassium chloride, 20-40 parts of sodium chloride, and 5-15 parts of lithium chloride, and the amount of the covering agent added is 3-5% of the mass of the melt.

[0008] Furthermore, S1 specifically includes the following steps: S1.1: Add phenol to deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: (10-12) mL, heat and stir at 40-50 °C to dissolve, then add sodium hydroxide and continue stirring to dissolve to obtain a phenol solution; S1.2: Add a 37% formaldehyde solution to the above phenol solution, heat and stir at 70-75°C for 1-2h, and after cooling, add a 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH to 6.8-7.2 to obtain a phenolic resin prepolymer solution; S1.3: 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and anhydrous ethanol were fully mixed at a volume ratio of (1.8-2.4):1, and then the triblock copolymer P123 was added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g: (40-50)mL, and after fully stirring and dissolving, a mixed solution was obtained; S1.4: Add the above phenolic resin prepolymer solution to the above mixed solution in a volume ratio of 1: (4-5), stir for 20-24 hours, heat at 40-50°C and stand for 20-24 hours, then heat and age at 100-110°C for 16-18 hours and grind, then place in a muffle furnace, and under nitrogen protection, heat to 800-900°C at 5°C / min, heat and carbonize for 2-4 hours, and cool to room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain carbonized powder; S1.5: Add the carbonized powder to anhydrous ethanol, extract by Soxhlet extraction for 24-28 hours, and then filter, wash and dry to obtain mesoporous carbon.

[0009] Furthermore, S2 specifically includes the following steps: S2.1: dissolving butyl titanate and boric acid in anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, respectively, to obtain 0.2 mol / L butyl titanate solution and boric acid solution; S2.2: While stirring, add the above boric acid solution to the tetrabutyl titanate solution, stir for 1 - 2 h, mix thoroughly to obtain a precursor solution, wherein the molar ratio of tetrabutyl titanate in the tetrabutyl titanate solution to boric acid in the boric acid solution is 1:2; S2.3: Add the mesoporous carbon prepared in step S1.5 to the above precursor solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(50 - 60) mL, continue to stir for 2 - 4 h, then transfer it to a hydrothermal reaction kettle, heat and react at 130 - 150 °C for 6 - 8 h, after naturally cooling to room temperature, wash and dry to obtain a precursor; S2.4: Place the above precursor in a high-temperature furnace, calcine at 800 - 900 °C for 2 - 4 h under nitrogen protection, and cool to room temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere with the furnace to obtain a mesoporous carbon-supported titanium diboride nanocomposite.

[0010] Further, S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3.1: Add styrene, potassium persulfate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water, stir and react at 70 - 80 °C for 6 - 8 h, and obtain monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of 200 - 300 nm after centrifugal separation and washing; S3.2: Add the above monodisperse polystyrene microspheres and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(0.03 - 0.05) g:(10 - 20) mL, and ultrasonically treat for 30 - 40 min to obtain a polystyrene microsphere dispersion; S3.3: Vertically insert a glass slide into the above polystyrene microsphere dispersion, and then place it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with a humidity of 40 - 60% and a temperature of 20 - 25 °C for deposition for 12 - 14 h to obtain a self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate; S3.4: Dissolve niobium pentachloride and lithium ethoxide in absolute ethanol respectively to prepare a niobium source solution and a lithium source solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L, then add the niobium source solution to an equal volume of the lithium source solution, stir thoroughly, and then add absolute ethanol to adjust the concentration to 0.1 - 0.3 mol / L to obtain a lithium niobate precursor solution; S3.5: Immerse the above self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate in the above lithium niobate precursor solution for impregnation for 2 - 3 h, take it out, and let it stand at room temperature for 10 - 12 h to obtain a cured precursor substrate; S3.6: Place the above cured precursor substrate in a high-temperature furnace, first heat it to 300 - 400 °C at a rate of 1 - 3 °C / min, keep it warm and pre-calcine for 1 - 2 h, then continue to heat it to 600 - 800 °C, keep it warm and sinter for 2 - 4 h, after cooling, wash, dry and crush to obtain a heat insulation additive.

[0011] Further, S4 specifically includes the following steps: S4.1: Add hexagonal boron nitride powder into N-methylpyrrolidone according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g : (40 - 50) mL, stir at 600 - 800 r / min for 1 - 2 h, then ultrasonically disperse for 12 - 16 h. Then, centrifuge at 800 - 1000 rpm for 3 - 5 min to collect the primary supernatant, and then centrifuge the primary supernatant at 8000 - 10000 r / min for 20 - 30 min to collect the secondary supernatant, obtaining a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion; S4.2: Add acetic acid to the above boron nitride nanosheet dispersion to adjust the pH to 4 - 5, then add a silane coupling agent, and heat and stir at 50 - 60 °C for 2 - 4 h for modification. After centrifugation, filtration, washing and drying, modified boron nitride nanosheets are obtained; S4.3: Dissolve lanthanum nitrate and sodium borohydride in nitric acid solution with pH 3 - 4 and absolute ethanol respectively, and stir well to dissolve, obtaining a lanthanum nitrate solution and a sodium borohydride solution; S4.4: Add the above modified boron nitride nanosheets into the above sodium borohydride solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g : (250 - 350) mL, stir for 1 - 2 h, then dropwise add the above lanthanum nitrate solution at 1 - 3 °C, and continue to stir for 2 - 4 h for reaction. After centrifugation, filtration, washing and drying, an anti-ultraviolet additive is obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, the solid-liquid ratio of styrene to deionized water is 1 g : (10 - 14) mL, and the mass ratios of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium persulfate to styrene are 1 : (10 - 12) and 1 : (22 - 24) respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the addition amount of the silane coupling agent is 1 - 3% of the mass of the boron nitride nanosheets, and the silane coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0014] Furthermore, the solid-liquid ratios of lanthanum nitrate to nitric acid solution and sodium borohydride to absolute ethanol are 1 g : (200 - 300) mL and 1 g : (100 - 200) mL respectively, and the molar ratio of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution to lanthanum nitrate in the lanthanum nitrate solution is (3.8 - 4) : 1.

[0015] Furthermore, an automobile armrest is prepared by the preparation process of an alloy composite material for an automobile armrest described in any one of the above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention first prepares a phenolic resin prepolymer solution using phenol and formaldehyde as raw materials, adds it to a mixed solution containing the triblock copolymer P123 for aging, heats and carbonizes it, and then processes it to form mesoporous carbon. After that, it is added to a precursor solution prepared by mixing a titanium butoxide solution and a boric acid solution for hydrothermal reaction, and then calcined at high temperature to form a mesoporous carbon-supported titanium diboride nanocomposite. After adding it to an alloy substrate, during the solidification process of the alloy, titanium diboride nanoparticles can serve as heterogeneous nucleation cores, promoting the nucleation of the alloy, increasing the number of nuclei, and enabling the alloy to form more grains during solidification, thereby refining the grain size. The smaller the grain size, the larger the grain boundary area, and the more obvious the accumulation and hindrance of dislocations at the grain boundaries, which can effectively improve the strength of the alloy substrate. At the same time, on the one hand, mesoporous carbon can be tightly combined with titanium diboride nanoparticles through physical adsorption and chemical bonding. On the other hand, some active groups on its surface can react chemically with the alloy matrix to form chemical bonds, enhancing the interfacial bonding force between titanium diboride nanoparticles and the aluminum alloy matrix. Good interfacial bonding enables the load to be effectively transmitted and distributed among titanium diboride nanoparticles, mesoporous carbon, and the alloy matrix during the stress process, avoiding stress concentration and debonding at the interface, and thus improving the overall mechanical properties of the composite material.

[0017] 2. The present invention first prepares monodisperse polystyrene microspheres, disperses them in deionized water, then vertically inserts a glass slide for self-assembly, and then immerses them in a lithium niobate precursor solution. After high-temperature sintering and crushing, a heat-insulating additive with a micro-nano structure imitating the wings of a butterfly is obtained. After adding it to the shell material, on the one hand, due to the periodic micro-nano structure of the heat-insulating additive, a photonic bandgap effect will occur. When the wavelength of thermal radiation is within the photonic bandgap range, the propagation of thermal radiation in the material will be inhibited, reducing heat transfer and thus playing a heat-insulating role. On the other hand, polystyrene itself has a low thermal conductivity, and lithium niobate has good thermal stability. Their combined action helps to maintain the stability of the entire structure at different temperatures and ensures the durability of the heat-insulating performance. Therefore, it can effectively improve the heat-insulating performance of the shell material. In addition, on the one hand, due to the complex surface morphology and periodic arrangement of the micro-nano structure imitating the wings of a butterfly, it can scatter and reflect ultraviolet rays, reducing the probability of ultraviolet rays directly penetrating the shell material and reducing the effect of ultraviolet rays on the shell material, thereby improving its anti-ultraviolet aging performance. On the other hand, lithium niobate can absorb part of the ultraviolet rays, and polystyrene can wrap and protect lithium niobate to a certain extent, and at the same time, it can also block ultraviolet rays to a certain extent, further improving the resistance of the shell material to ultraviolet rays and enhancing its anti-ultraviolet aging performance.

[0018] 3. The present invention prepares boron nitride nanosheets by first using hexagonal boron nitride powder as a raw material, and then adds the hexagonal boron nitride powder to a lanthanum nitrate solution after modification with a silane coupling agent, and then adds a sodium borohydride solution to react to prepare a boron nitride nanosheet-loaded lanthanum hexaboride composite material, i.e., an anti-ultraviolet additive. After adding the boron nitride nanosheet to the shell material, lanthanum hexaboride has unique optical properties and a strong absorption capacity for ultraviolet rays, and the boron nitride nanosheets have a large diameter-to-thickness ratio and a high specific surface area, and can be evenly dispersed in the shell material in a sheet form to form a "scale"-like structure, and can block ultraviolet transmission. At the same time, the boron nitride nanosheets are used as carriers to load lanthanum hexaboride, so that the lanthanum hexaboride can be more evenly dispersed in the shell material, giving full play to the anti-ultraviolet performance of lanthanum hexaboride, thereby improving the overall anti-ultraviolet aging performance of the shell material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and to enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of preparing the alloy composite material for automobile armrests used in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a TEM image of the thermal insulation additive prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following describes in detail an alloy composite material for an automobile armrest, a preparation process and an automobile armrest provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 A preparation process of alloy composite materials for automobile armrests, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Preparation of mesoporous carbon S1.1: Add phenol to deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10mL, heat and stir at 40°C to dissolve, then add sodium hydroxide and continue stirring to dissolve to obtain a phenol solution; S1.2: Add a 37% formaldehyde solution to the phenol solution, heat and stir at 70°C for 1 hour, and after cooling, add a 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH to 6.8 to obtain a phenolic resin prepolymer solution; S1.3: 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and anhydrous ethanol were fully mixed at a volume ratio of 1.8:1, and then the triblock copolymer P123 was added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:40mL, and the mixture was fully stirred and dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S1.4: Add the above phenolic resin prepolymer solution to the above mixed solution at a volume ratio of 1:4, stir for 20 h, heat and stand at 40 °C for 20 h, then heat and age at 100 °C for 16 h and grind. Then place it in a muffle furnace, under nitrogen protection, heat up to 800 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min, and heat and carbonize for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere with the furnace, carbonized powder is obtained; S1.5: Add the above carbonized powder to absolute ethanol, extract it by Soxhlet extraction for 24 h, and then filter, wash and dry to obtain mesoporous carbon; S2: Prepare mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite S2.1: Dissolve tetrabutyl titanate and boric acid in absolute ethanol and deionized water respectively to obtain a 0.2 mol / L tetrabutyl titanate solution and a boric acid solution; S2.2: Add the above boric acid solution to the tetrabutyl titanate solution while stirring, stir for 1 h, and mix well to obtain a precursor solution. Among them, the molar ratio of tetrabutyl titanate in the tetrabutyl titanate solution to boric acid in the boric acid solution is 1:2; S2.3: Add the mesoporous carbon prepared in step S1.5 to the above precursor solution according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL, continue to stir for 2 h, then transfer it to a hydrothermal reaction kettle, heat and react at 130 °C for 6 h. After naturally cooling to room temperature, wash and dry to obtain a precursor; S2.4: Place the above precursor in a high-temperature furnace, under nitrogen protection, calcine at 800 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere with the furnace, a mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite is obtained; S3: Prepare heat insulation additive S3.1: Add styrene, potassium persulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water, stir and react at 70 °C for 6 - 8 h, and obtain monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of 200 nm by centrifugal separation and washing. Among them, the solid-liquid ratio of styrene to deionized water is 1 g:10 mL, and the mass ratios of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium persulfate to styrene are 1:10 and 1:22 respectively; S3.2: Add the above monodisperse polystyrene microspheres and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:0.03 g:10 mL, and ultrasonically treat for 30 min to obtain a polystyrene microsphere dispersion; S3.3: Vertically insert a glass slide into the above polystyrene microsphere dispersion, and then place it in a constant temperature and humidity box with a humidity of 40% and a temperature of 20 °C for deposition for 12 h to obtain a self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate; S3.4: Dissolve niobium pentachloride and lithium ethoxide in absolute ethanol respectively to prepare a niobium source solution and a lithium source solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L. Then add the niobium source solution to an equal volume of the lithium source solution, stir well, and add absolute ethanol to adjust the concentration to 0.1 mol / L to obtain a lithium niobate precursor solution; S3.5: Immerse the above self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate into the above lithium niobate precursor solution for 2 h. After taking it out, let it stand at room temperature for 10 h to obtain a solidified precursor substrate; S3.6: Place the above solidified precursor substrate in a high-temperature furnace. First, heat it to 300 °C at a rate of 1 °C / min and keep it warm for pre-sintering for 1 h. Then continue to heat it to 600 °C and keep it warm for sintering for 2 h. After cooling, wash, dry, and crush it to obtain a heat-insulating additive, and its TEM image is as Figure 2 shown; S4: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet additive S4.1: Add hexagonal boron nitride powder to N-methylpyrrolidone according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 40 mL, stir at 600 - 800 r / min for 1 - 2 h, then ultrasonically disperse for 12 h. Then first centrifuge at 800 rpm for 3 min, collect the primary supernatant, and then centrifuge the primary supernatant at 8000 r / min for 20 min to collect the secondary supernatant to obtain a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion; S4.2: Add acetic acid to the above boron nitride nanosheet dispersion to adjust the pH to 4, then add a silane coupling agent, heat and stir at 50 - 60 °C for 2 h for modification, and after centrifugal filtration, washing, and drying, obtain modified boron nitride nanosheets. Among them, the addition amount of the silane coupling agent is 1% of the mass of the boron nitride nanosheets, and the silane coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; S4.3: Dissolve lanthanum nitrate and sodium borohydride in nitric acid solution with a pH of 3 and absolute ethanol respectively, stir well to dissolve, to obtain a lanthanum nitrate solution and a sodium borohydride solution. Among them, the solid-liquid ratios of lanthanum nitrate to nitric acid solution and sodium borohydride to absolute ethanol are 1 g: 200 mL and 1 g: 100 mL respectively; S4.4: Add the above modified boron nitride nanosheets to the above sodium borohydride solution according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 250 mL, stir for 1 h, then dropwise add the above lanthanum nitrate solution at 1 °C, and continue to stir for 2 h for reaction. After centrifugal filtration, washing, and drying, obtain an anti-ultraviolet additive. Among them, the molar ratio of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution to lanthanum nitrate in the lanthanum nitrate solution is 3.8:1; S5: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material 20 parts by mass of acrylonitrile, 25 parts by mass of butadiene, 50 parts by mass of styrene, 0.3 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.1 parts by mass of dodecyl mercaptan are added into a reaction kettle, heated and stirred at 60°C for 1 hour to carry out a prepolymerization reaction, and then 10 parts by mass of the heat insulation additive prepared in step S3.6, 3 parts by mass of the anti-ultraviolet additive prepared in step S4.4, 0.2 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.08 parts by mass of dodecyl mercaptan are added, and the temperature is raised to 120°C, and the stirring reaction is continued for 6 hours. After devolatilization and granulation, the mixture is added into an injection molding machine for injection molding. After cooling and curing, an anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material is obtained; S6: Preparation of automotive armrest composites The raw materials containing Al, Si, Fe, Zn, Ti, Cr and Cu were weighed according to the weight percentage, crushed and put into a smelting furnace, heated and smelted at 700°C for 1 hour under an argon atmosphere, and then mechanically deslagging was performed, and then the mesoporous carbon-loaded nano-titanium diboride composite material prepared in step S2.4 was added, and the smelting was continued for 1 hour, and the slag was removed, and then a covering agent was added and the smelting temperature was adjusted to 650°C, and the heat was kept for 20 minutes, and then poured into a mold, cooled and solidified to obtain an alloy substrate, and finally the prepared in step S5 was added. The anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material is assembled with the alloy substrate to obtain a composite material for an automobile armrest, wherein the alloy substrate comprises the following components, by weight percentage: 5% Si, 3.1% Zn, 2.6% mesoporous carbon-loaded nano-titanium diboride composite material, 1.2% Cu, 0.25% Fe, 0.12% Ti, 0.02% Cr, and the remainder is Al and unavoidable impurities; the covering agent comprises: 20 parts of potassium chloride, 20 parts of sodium chloride, and 5 parts of lithium chloride, and the amount of the covering agent added is 3% of the mass of the melt.

[0024] Example 2 A preparation process of alloy composite materials for automobile armrests, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Preparation of mesoporous carbon S1.1: Add phenol to deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:11mL, heat and stir at 45°C to dissolve, then add sodium hydroxide and continue stirring to dissolve to obtain a phenol solution; S1.2: Add a 37% formaldehyde solution to the above phenol solution, heat and stir at 72°C for 1.5h, and after cooling, add a 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH to 7 to obtain a phenolic resin prepolymer solution; S1.3: 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and anhydrous ethanol were fully mixed at a volume ratio of 2.1:1, and then the triblock copolymer P123 was added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:45 mL, and the mixture was fully stirred and dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S1.4: Add the above phenolic resin prepolymer solution to the above mixed solution at a volume ratio of 1:4.5, stir for 22 h, heat and stand still at 45 °C for 22 h, then heat and age at 105 °C for 17 h and grind. Then place it in a muffle furnace, under nitrogen protection, heat up to 850 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min, and heat and carbonize for 3 h. After cooling to room temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere with the furnace, carbonized powder is obtained; S1.5: Add the above carbonized powder to absolute ethanol, extract it by Soxhlet extraction method for 26 h, and then filter, wash and dry to obtain mesoporous carbon; S2: Prepare mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite S2.1: Dissolve tetrabutyl titanate and boric acid in absolute ethanol and deionized water respectively to obtain a 0.2 mol / L tetrabutyl titanate solution and a boric acid solution; S2.2: Add the above boric acid solution to the tetrabutyl titanate solution while stirring, stir for 1.5 h, and mix well to obtain a precursor solution, in which the molar ratio of tetrabutyl titanate in the tetrabutyl titanate solution to boric acid in the boric acid solution is 1:2; S2.3: Add the mesoporous carbon prepared in step S1.5 to the above precursor solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:55 mL, continue to stir for 3 h, then transfer it to a hydrothermal reaction kettle, heat and react at 140 °C for 7 h. After naturally cooling to room temperature, wash and dry to obtain a precursor; S2.4: Place the above precursor in a high-temperature furnace, calcine at 850 °C for 3 h under nitrogen protection, and after cooling to room temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere with the furnace, obtain mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite; S3: Prepare heat insulation additive S3.1: Add styrene, potassium persulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water, stir and react at 75 °C for 7 h, and after centrifugal separation and washing, obtain monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of 250 nm, in which the solid-liquid ratio of styrene to deionized water is 1 g:12 mL, and the mass ratios of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium persulfate to styrene are 1:11 and 1:21 respectively; S3.2: Add the above monodisperse polystyrene microspheres and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:0.04 g:15 mL, and ultrasonically treat for 35 min to obtain a polystyrene microsphere dispersion; S3.3: Vertically insert a glass slide into the above polystyrene microsphere dispersion, and then place it in a constant temperature and humidity box with a humidity of 50% and a temperature of 22 °C, and deposit for 13 h to obtain a self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate; S3.4: Dissolve niobium pentachloride and lithium ethoxide in absolute ethanol respectively to prepare a niobium source solution and a lithium source solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L. Then add the niobium source solution to an equal volume of the lithium source solution, stir well, and then add absolute ethanol to adjust the concentration to 0.2 mol / L to obtain a lithium niobate precursor solution; S3.5: Immerse the above self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate in the above lithium niobate precursor solution for 2.5 h. After taking it out, let it stand at room temperature for 11 h to obtain a solidified precursor substrate; S3.6: Place the above solidified precursor substrate in a high-temperature furnace. First, heat it up to 350 °C at a rate of 2 °C / min, keep it warm and pre-burn for 1.5 h, then continue to heat it up to 700 °C, keep it warm and sinter for 3 h. After cooling, wash, dry and crush it to obtain a heat-insulating additive; S4: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet additive S4.1: Add hexagonal boron nitride powder to N-methylpyrrolidone according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 45 mL, stir at 700 r / min for 1.5 h, then ultrasonically disperse for 14 h. Then centrifuge at 900 rpm for 4 min to collect the first supernatant, and then centrifuge the first supernatant at 9000 r / min for 25 min to collect the second supernatant to obtain a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion; S4.2: Add acetic acid to the above boron nitride nanosheet dispersion to adjust the pH to 4.5, then add a silane coupling agent, heat and stir at 55 °C for 3 h for modification. After centrifugation, filtration, washing and drying, obtain modified boron nitride nanosheets. Among them, the addition amount of the silane coupling agent is 2% of the mass of the boron nitride nanosheets, and the silane coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; S4.3: Dissolve lanthanum nitrate and sodium borohydride in nitric acid solution with a pH of 3-4 and absolute ethanol respectively, stir well to dissolve, to obtain a lanthanum nitrate solution and a sodium borohydride solution. Among them, the solid-liquid ratios of lanthanum nitrate to nitric acid solution and sodium borohydride to absolute ethanol are 1 g: 250 mL and 1 g: 150 mL respectively; S4.4: Add the above modified boron nitride nanosheets to the above sodium borohydride solution according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 300 mL, stir for 1.5 h, then dropwise add the above lanthanum nitrate solution at 2 °C, and continue to stir for 3 h for reaction. After centrifugation, filtration, washing and drying, obtain an anti-ultraviolet additive. Among them, the molar ratio of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution to lanthanum nitrate in the lanthanum nitrate solution is 3.9:1; S5: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material 25 parts by mass of acrylonitrile, 30 parts by mass of butadiene, 55 parts by mass of styrene, 0.4 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.15 parts by mass of dodecyl mercaptan are added into a reaction kettle, heated and stirred at 70°C for 1.5 hours to carry out a prepolymerization reaction, and then 12.5 parts by mass of the heat insulation additive prepared in step S3.6, 4 parts by mass of the anti-ultraviolet additive prepared in step S4.4, 0.3 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.09 parts by mass of dodecyl mercaptan are added, and the temperature is raised to 125°C, and the stirring reaction is continued for 7 hours. After devolatilization and granulation, the mixture is added into an injection molding machine for injection molding, and after cooling and curing, an anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material is obtained; S6: Preparation of automotive armrest composites The raw materials containing Al, Si, Fe, Zn, Ti, Cr and Cu were weighed according to the weight percentage, crushed and put into a smelting furnace, heated and smelted at 725°C for 1.5 hours under an argon atmosphere, and then mechanically deslagging was performed, and then the mesoporous carbon-loaded nano-titanium diboride composite material prepared in step S2.4 was added, and the smelting was continued for 1.5 hours, and the slag was removed, and then a covering agent was added and the smelting temperature was adjusted to 660°C, and the heat was kept for 25 minutes, and then poured into a mold, cooled and solidified to obtain an alloy substrate, and finally the obtained step S5 was used. The anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material is assembled with an alloy substrate to obtain an automobile armrest composite material, wherein the alloy substrate includes the following components, by weight percentage: 5.6% Si, 3.6% Zn, 3.3% mesoporous carbon-loaded nano-titanium diboride composite material, 2.2% Cu, 0.53% Fe, 0.18% Ti, 0.14% Cr, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities; the covering agent includes: 30 parts of potassium chloride, 30 parts of sodium chloride, and 10 parts of lithium chloride, and the amount of the covering agent added is 4% of the mass of the melt.

[0025] Example 3 A preparation process of alloy composite materials for automobile armrests, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Preparation of mesoporous carbon S1.1: Add phenol to deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:12mL, heat and stir at 50°C to dissolve, then add sodium hydroxide and continue stirring to dissolve to obtain a phenol solution; S1.2: Add a 37% formaldehyde solution to the above phenol solution, heat and stir at 75°C for 2h, and after cooling, add a 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH to 7.2 to obtain a phenolic resin prepolymer solution; S1.3: 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and anhydrous ethanol were fully mixed at a volume ratio of 2.4:1, and then the triblock copolymer P123 was added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL, and the mixture was fully stirred and dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S1.4: Add the above phenolic resin prepolymer solution to the above mixed solution at a volume ratio of 1:5, stir for 24 h, heat and stand at 50 °C for 24 h, then heat and age at 110 °C for 18 h and grind. Then place it in a muffle furnace, under nitrogen protection, heat up to 900 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min, and heat and carbonize for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere with the furnace, carbonized powder is obtained; S1.5: Add the above carbonized powder to absolute ethanol, extract it by Soxhlet extraction method for 28 h, and then filter, wash and dry to obtain mesoporous carbon; S2: Prepare mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite material S2.1: Dissolve tetrabutyl titanate and boric acid in absolute ethanol and deionized water respectively to obtain 0.2 mol / L tetrabutyl titanate solution and boric acid solution; S2.2: Add the above boric acid solution to the tetrabutyl titanate solution while stirring, stir for 2 h, and mix evenly to obtain a precursor solution. Among them, the molar ratio of tetrabutyl titanate in the tetrabutyl titanate solution to boric acid in the boric acid solution is 1:2; S2.3: Add the mesoporous carbon prepared in step S1.5 to the above precursor solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:60 mL, continue to stir for 4 h, then transfer it to a hydrothermal reaction kettle, heat and react at 150 °C for 8 h. After naturally cooling to room temperature, wash and dry to obtain a precursor; S2.4: Place the above precursor in a high-temperature furnace, under nitrogen protection, calcine at 900 °C for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere with the furnace, a mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite material is obtained; S3: Prepare heat insulation additive S3.1: Add styrene, potassium persulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water, stir and react at 80 °C for 8 h, and after centrifugal separation and washing, monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of 300 nm are obtained. Among them, the solid-liquid ratio of styrene to deionized water is 1 g:14 mL, and the mass ratios of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium persulfate to styrene are 1:12 and 1:24 respectively; S3.2: Add the above monodisperse polystyrene microspheres and sodium dodecyl sulfate to deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:0.05 g:20 mL, and ultrasonically treat for 40 min to obtain a polystyrene microsphere dispersion; S3.3: Vertically insert a glass slide into the above polystyrene microsphere dispersion, and then place it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with a humidity of 60% and a temperature of 25 °C, and deposit for 14 h to obtain a self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate; S3.4: Dissolve niobium pentachloride and lithium ethoxide in absolute ethanol respectively to prepare a niobium source solution and a lithium source solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L. Then add the niobium source solution to an equal volume of the lithium source solution, stir well, and add absolute ethanol to adjust the concentration to 0.3 mol / L to obtain a lithium niobate precursor solution; S3.5: Immerse the above self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate in the above lithium niobate precursor solution for 3 h. After taking it out, let it stand at room temperature for 12 h to obtain a solidified precursor substrate; S3.6: Place the above solidified precursor substrate in a high-temperature furnace. First, heat it to 400 °C at a rate of 3 °C / min and keep it for pre-sintering for 2 h. Then continue to heat it to 800 °C and keep it for sintering for 4 h. After cooling, wash, dry, and crush it to obtain a heat-insulating additive; S4: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet additive S4.1: Add hexagonal boron nitride powder to N-methylpyrrolidone according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 50 mL, stir at 800 r / min for 2 h, then ultrasonically disperse for 16 h. Then centrifuge at 1000 rpm for 5 min first, collect the primary supernatant, and then centrifuge the primary supernatant at 10000 r / min for 30 min to collect the secondary supernatant to obtain a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion; S4.2: Add acetic acid to the above boron nitride nanosheet dispersion to adjust the pH to 5, then add a silane coupling agent, heat and stir at 50 - 60 °C for 4 h for modification. After centrifugal filtration, washing, and drying, obtain modified boron nitride nanosheets. Among them, the addition amount of the silane coupling agent is 3% of the mass of the boron nitride nanosheets, and the silane coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; S4.3: Dissolve lanthanum nitrate and sodium borohydride in nitric acid solution with a pH of 3 - 4 and absolute ethanol respectively, stir well to dissolve, to obtain a lanthanum nitrate solution and a sodium borohydride solution. Among them, the solid-liquid ratios of lanthanum nitrate to nitric acid solution and sodium borohydride to absolute ethanol are 1 g: 300 mL and 1 g: 200 mL respectively; S4.4: Add the above modified boron nitride nanosheets to the above sodium borohydride solution according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 350 mL, stir for 2 h, then dropwise add the above lanthanum nitrate solution at 3 °C, and continue to stir for 4 h for reaction. After centrifugal filtration, washing, and drying, obtain an anti-ultraviolet additive. Among them, the molar ratio of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution to lanthanum nitrate in the lanthanum nitrate solution is 4:1; S5: Prepare an anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material Add 30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile, 35 parts by mass of butadiene, 60 parts by mass of styrene, 0.5 part by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, and 0.2 part by mass of dodecyl mercaptan to a reaction kettle, heat and stir at 80 °C for 2 h for prepolymerization reaction, then add 15 parts by mass of the heat insulation additive prepared in step S3.6, 5 parts by mass of the ultraviolet resistance additive prepared in step S4.4, 0.4 part by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, and 1 part by mass of dodecyl mercaptan, raise the temperature to 130 °C, continue stirring and reacting for 8 h, after devolatilization and pelletization, add it to an injection molding machine for injection molding, and after cooling and curing, obtain an ultraviolet resistance and heat insulation shell material; S6: Prepare a composite material for automotive armrests Weigh the raw materials containing Al, Si, Fe, Zn, Ti, Cr, and Cu according to weight percentages, crush them, and put them into a melting furnace. Under an argon atmosphere, heat and melt at 750 °C for 2 h, then carry out mechanical slagging, add the mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite material prepared in step S2.4, continue melting for 2 h, and carry out slag skimming, then add a covering agent and adjust the melting temperature to 670 °C, keep it warm for 30 min, then pour it into a mold and cool and solidify to obtain an alloy substrate. Finally, assemble the ultraviolet resistance and heat insulation shell material prepared in step S5 with the alloy substrate to obtain a composite material for automotive armrests. Among them, by weight percentage, the alloy substrate includes the following components: 6.4% Si, 4.2% Zn, 3.8% mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite material, 3.1% Cu, 0.74% Fe, 0.26% Ti, 0.28% Cr, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities; the covering agent includes: 40 parts of potassium chloride, 40 parts of sodium chloride, 15 parts of lithium chloride, and the addition amount of the covering agent is 5% of the melt mass.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite material in step S6 is removed.

[0027] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the heat insulation additive in step S5 is removed.

[0028] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the ultraviolet resistance additive in step S5 is removed.

[0029] Performance Test Test 1: Make specimens from the alloy substrates prepared in Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Example 1, and conduct tensile tests at normal temperature and 100 °C respectively according to the detection standard of GB / T16865 - 2013. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1: Test results of the strength of the alloy substrate

[0031] As can be seen from Table 1, after the mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite material was not added in Comparative Example 1, the tensile strength of the prepared alloy substrate at room temperature and 100 °C was lower than that of Example 1, indicating that by first preparing a phenolic resin prepolymer solution using phenol and formaldehyde as raw materials, adding it to a mixed solution containing the triblock copolymer P123 for aging, heating and carbonizing, and then post-treating to make mesoporous carbon, and then adding it to the precursor solution prepared by mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution and boric acid solution for hydrothermal reaction, and then calcining at high temperature to make the mesoporous carbon supported nano-titanium diboride composite material, after adding it to the alloy substrate, it can effectively improve the strength of the alloy substrate, thereby improving the overall mechanical properties of the composite material.

[0032] Test 2: The thermal conductivity coefficients of the anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating shell materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 2 were detected respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0033] Table 2: Test results of thermal conductivity coefficients of anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating shell materials

[0034] As can be seen from Table 1, after the heat-insulating additive was not added in Comparative Example 2, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the prepared anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating shell material was significantly higher than that of Example 1. Thus, it can be seen that by first preparing monodisperse polystyrene microspheres, dispersing them in deionized water, then vertically inserting glass slides for self-assembly, and then impregnating them in a lithium niobate precursor solution, and then sintering and crushing at high temperature to make a heat-insulating additive with a micro-nano structure imitating butterfly wings, after adding it to the shell material, it can effectively improve the heat-insulating performance of the shell material.

[0035] Test 3: According to the test method of GB / T16422.2-2014, the anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating shell materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 2-3 were placed in a xenon lamp exposure and yellowing test chamber for irradiation, and then the yellowing index was measured according to HG / T3862-2006. The results are shown in Table 3. The yellowing index is an important index to characterize the photo-oxidative aging performance. The smaller the yellowing index, the better the yellowing resistance to light.

[0036] Table 3: Test results of yellowing index of anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating shell materials

[0037] As can be seen from Table 3, after the heat insulation additive was not added in Comparative Example 2, the yellowing index of the prepared anti-ultraviolet heat insulation shell material was higher than that of Example 1, indicating that after adding the heat insulation additive to the shell material, the resistance of the shell material to ultraviolet rays can be improved, and the anti-ultraviolet aging performance of the shell material can be enhanced; in addition, after the anti-ultraviolet additive was not added in Comparative Example 3, the yellowing index of the prepared anti-ultraviolet heat insulation shell material was also higher than that of Example 1. Thus, it can be seen that by first preparing boron nitride nanosheets with hexagonal boron nitride powder as the raw material, modifying them with a silane coupling agent, then adding them to a lanthanum nitrate solution, and adding a sodium borohydride solution to react to prepare a boron nitride nanosheet-supported lanthanum hexaboride composite material, that is, an anti-ultraviolet additive, after adding it to the shell material, the overall anti-ultraviolet aging performance of the shell material can be improved.

[0038] The above embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alloy composite material for automobile armrests, characterized in that: It comprises an alloy substrate and an anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material, wherein the alloy substrate comprises the following components by weight percentage: 5-6.4% Si, 3.1-4.2% Zn, 2.6-3.8% mesoporous carbon-loaded nano titanium diboride composite material, 1.2-3.1% Cu, 0.25-0.74% Fe, 0.12-0.26% Ti, 0.02-0.28% Cr, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.

2. The alloy composite material for automobile armrest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of mesoporous carbon The phenol is dissolved in deionized water, and formaldehyde is added to react and the pH is adjusted to prepare a phenolic resin prepolymer solution, and then hydrochloric acid and ethanol are mixed, and the triblock copolymer P123 is added, and then the phenolic resin prepolymer solution is added, stirred, heated, aged, and then carbonized, and extracted by Soxhlet, washed, and dried to obtain mesoporous carbon; S2: Preparation of mesoporous carbon-supported nano-titanium diboride composites S3: Preparation of thermal insulation additives S4: Preparation of UV-resistant additives S5: Preparation of UV-resistant heat-insulating shell materials 20-30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile, 25-35 parts by mass of butadiene, 50-60 parts by mass of styrene, 0.3-0.5 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of dodecyl mercaptan are added into a reaction kettle, heated and stirred at 60-80° C. for reaction for 1-2 hours, then 10-15 parts by mass of the above-mentioned thermal insulation additive, 3-5 parts by mass of the above-mentioned anti-ultraviolet additive, 0.2-0.4 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.08-1 parts by mass of dodecyl mercaptan are added, and the temperature is raised to 120-130° C., and the stirring reaction is continued for 6-8 hours. After devolatilization and granulation, the mixture is added into an injection molding machine for injection molding to obtain an anti-ultraviolet thermal insulation shell material; S6: Preparation of automotive armrest composites Raw materials containing Al, Si, Fe, Zn, Ti, Cr and Cu are weighed according to weight percentage, crushed and put into a smelting furnace, heated and smelted at 700-750°C for 1-2h under argon atmosphere, and then mechanical slag is removed. Then the mesoporous carbon-loaded nano-titanium diboride composite material is added, and the smelting is continued for 1-2h, and the slag is removed. Then a covering agent is added and the smelting temperature is adjusted to 650-670°C, and the heat is kept for 20-30min. Subsequently, the material is poured into a mold, cooled and solidified to obtain an alloy substrate, and finally the anti-ultraviolet heat-insulating shell material and the alloy substrate are assembled to obtain a composite material for an automobile armrest.

3. The process for preparing the alloy composite material for automobile armrest according to claim 3, characterized in that: S2 specifically includes the following steps: S2.1: dissolving butyl titanate and boric acid in anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, respectively, to obtain 0.2 mol / L butyl titanate solution and boric acid solution; S2.2: adding the boric acid solution to the butyl titanate solution while stirring, stirring for 1-2 hours, and mixing thoroughly to obtain a precursor solution, wherein the molar ratio of butyl titanate in the butyl titanate solution to boric acid in the boric acid solution is 1:2; S2.3: Add the mesoporous carbon prepared in step S1 to the above precursor solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g: (50-60)mL, continue stirring for 2-4h, then transfer to a hydrothermal reactor, heat at 130-150°C for 6-8h, cool naturally to room temperature, wash and dry to obtain a precursor; S2.4: The above precursor is placed in a high temperature furnace, and calcined at 800-900° C. for 2-4 hours under nitrogen protection. After cooling to room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere, a mesoporous carbon-supported nano-titanium diboride composite material is obtained.

4. The process for preparing the alloy composite material for automobile armrest according to claim 4, characterized in that: S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3.1: Add styrene, potassium persulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate into deionized water, stir and react at 70-80°C for 6-8h, centrifuge and wash to obtain monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of 200-300nm; S3.2: Add the monodisperse polystyrene microspheres and sodium dodecyl sulfate into deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: (0.03-0.05) g: (10-20) mL, and perform ultrasonic treatment for 30-40 min to obtain a polystyrene microsphere dispersion; S3.3: inserting a glass sheet vertically into the above polystyrene microsphere dispersion, and then placing it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with a humidity of 40-60% and a temperature of 20-25°C for deposition for 12-14 hours to obtain a self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate; S3.4: Dissolve niobium pentachloride and lithium ethoxide in anhydrous ethanol respectively to prepare 0.5 mol / L niobium source solution and lithium source solution, then add the niobium source solution to an equal volume of lithium source solution, stir well, and then add anhydrous ethanol to adjust the concentration to 0.1-0.3 mol / L to obtain a lithium niobate precursor solution; S3.5: immersing the self-assembled polystyrene microsphere substrate in the lithium niobate precursor solution for 2-3 hours, taking it out, and standing it at room temperature for 10-12 hours to obtain a cured precursor substrate; S3.6: Place the above-mentioned solidified precursor substrate in a high-temperature furnace, first heat it to 300-400°C at a rate of 1-3°C / min, keep it warm for pre-sintering for 1-2 hours, then continue to heat it to 600-800°C, keep it warm for sintering for 2-4 hours, and after cooling, wash, dry and crush it to obtain a thermal insulation additive.

5. The process for preparing the alloy composite material for automobile armrest according to claim 5, characterized in that: S4 specifically includes the following steps: S4.1: Add hexagonal boron nitride powder to N-methylpyrrolidone at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g: (40-50)mL, stir at 600-800r / min for 1-2h, and then ultrasonically disperse for 12-16h, then centrifuge at 800-1000rpm for 3-5min, collect the primary supernatant, and then centrifuge the primary supernatant at 8000-10000r / min for 20-30min, collect the secondary supernatant, and obtain a boron nitride nanosheet dispersion; S4.2: Add acetic acid to the boron nitride nanosheet dispersion to adjust the pH to 4-5, then add a silane coupling agent, heat and stir at 50-60° C. for 2-4 hours for modification, centrifuge, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified boron nitride nanosheets; S4.3: Dissolve lanthanum nitrate and sodium borohydride in a nitric acid solution with a pH of 3-4 and anhydrous ethanol, respectively, and stir to dissolve to obtain a lanthanum nitrate solution and a sodium borohydride solution; S4.4: Add the modified boron nitride nanosheets to the sodium borohydride solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g: (250-350)mL, stir for 1-2h, then dropwise add the lanthanum nitrate solution at 1-3°C, continue stirring for 2-4h, react, centrifuge, filter, wash and dry to obtain an anti-ultraviolet additive.

6. The process for preparing the alloy composite material for automobile armrest according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solid-liquid ratio of styrene to deionized water is 1 g:(10-14) mL, and the mass ratios of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium persulfate to styrene are 1:(10-12) and 1:(22-24), respectively.

7. The process for preparing the alloy composite material for automobile armrest according to claim 6, characterized in that: The added amount of the silane coupling agent is 1-3% of the mass of the boron nitride nanosheets, and the silane coupling agent is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

8. The process for preparing the alloy composite material for automobile armrest according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solid-liquid ratios of lanthanum nitrate to nitric acid solution and sodium borohydride to anhydrous ethanol are 1 g:(200-300) mL and 1 g:(100-200) mL, respectively, and the molar ratio of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution to lanthanum nitrate in the lanthanum nitrate solution is (3.8-4):

1.

9. A car armrest, characterized in that: The composite material is prepared by the preparation process of an alloy composite material for automobile armrests as described in any one of claims 2 to 9.

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