Efficient electrolysis system based on anode bagging

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient electrolysis system based on anode bagging. The efficient electrolysis system comprises an electrolytic bath, an anode frame, a cathode frame and a diaphragm bag. The anode frame sleeves the outer side of the anode plate, and the diaphragm bag isolates the anolyte from the catholyte to form a liquid level difference. A catholyte injection device is arranged at the bottom of the cathode frame, and parallel flow injection of catholyte is achieved. The design that the anode is bagged and the cathode is not bagged is adopted, the bag sticking phenomenon is reduced, the quality and grade rate of electrodeposited nickel are improved, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved by about 40%. The anode frame and the cathode frame are integrally formed by injection molding, so that the structural strength is enhanced, and the cost is reduced. An acid mist collecting chamber is arranged at the top of the diaphragm bag and is matched with an acid mist suction device, so that acid mist is effectively treated, and the working environment is improved. And the concentration polarization is eliminated by parallel flow injection of the catholyte, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved. The method has the remarkable advantages of improving the electrolysis efficiency, reducing the cost, improving the environment and enhancing the system stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrochemistry technology, and specifically to an efficient electrolysis system based on an anode bag, which realizes a significant improvement in electrolysis efficiency and effective separation of electrolysis products. Background Art

[0002] As one of the core processes in the electrochemistry industry, electrolysis technology is widely used in multiple fields such as metal smelting, chemical synthesis, environmental protection, and new energy development. Traditional electrolysis systems usually consist of an electrolytic cell, an anode, a cathode, and the corresponding electrolyte. By applying an external current, ions in the electrolyte are caused to undergo redox reactions on the electrode surface, thereby realizing the transformation of substances or the storage and release of energy. However, with the continuous growth of industrial demands and the increasingly strict environmental protection requirements, traditional electrolysis systems face many challenges, including but not limited to low electrolysis efficiency, high energy consumption, complex electrolyte management, and environmental pollution.

[0003] Especially in electrowinning, the effective isolation and efficient circulation of the electrolyte between the anode and the cathode have become the key factors restricting electrolysis efficiency. In the design of traditional electrolytic cells, the anolyte and the catholyte often mix directly or are separated only by a simple physical barrier. This not only causes the components of the electrolyte to be easily contaminated with each other, affecting the purity and yield of electrolysis products, but also exacerbates side reactions during electrolysis, such as the generation of acid mist, further deteriorating the working environment and increasing the environmental protection treatment cost.

[0004] In addition, as important components for supporting electrodes and guiding the flow of electrolyte, the structure and material selection of the anode frame and the cathode frame are directly related to the stability and durability of the electrolysis system. Traditional frames are mostly assembled by splicing thermosetting materials, which are not only complex to manufacture and costly, but also prone to deformation and even damage due to stress concentration during long-term use, affecting electrolysis efficiency and service life.

[0005] In response to the above problems, the industry has conducted extensive exploration and improvement. For example, by introducing diaphragm technology to achieve complete isolation of the anolyte and the catholyte, effectively preventing cross-contamination of the electrolyte; using new materials such as corrosion-resistant plastics to make electrolytic cells and frames, improving the corrosion resistance and service life of the system; optimizing the electrolyte injection and discharge methods to promote uniform distribution and efficient circulation of the electrolyte, reducing dead zones and concentration gradients, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency.

[0006] However, during the electrowinning production process, due to the cathode bag, the electrodeposited nickel is prone to sticking to the bag; due to the cathode bag, the difficulty of the electrodeposited nickel loading and unloading process is increased. While nickel is generated at the cathode, a large amount of oxygen is generated on the anode surface, and an equivalent amount of acid is generated at the same time. The anode chamber is exposed to the air, and acid mist is generated during the electrowinning process, resulting in a large amount of acid mist in the workshop and a poor operating environment. These problems limit the improvement of electrolysis efficiency and the stable operation of the electrolysis system. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide an efficient electrolysis system based on an anode sleeve bag.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] An efficient electrolysis system based on an anode sleeve bag, which comprises an electrolytic cell, an anode frame sleeved outside the anode plate, and a cathode frame sleeved outside the cathode plate; a diaphragm bag is sleeved outside the anode frame, and the diaphragm bag is configured to isolate the anolyte and the catholyte, and to form a liquid level difference between the anolyte and the catholyte; the bottom of the cathode frame is provided with a catholyte injection device, and the catholyte injection device is adapted to inject the catholyte from below the cathode plate so that the injected catholyte forms a parallel flow relative to the cathode plate.

[0010] The above technical solution can be further improved by the following technical measures.

[0011] As an implementation manner, the anode frame is integrally injection-molded, and / or the cathode frame is integrally injection-molded. The anode frame is provided with a plurality of partition ribs for supporting the diaphragm bag, and the plurality of partition ribs are arranged vertically and horizontally. A joint portion is formed at the intersection of the vertical and horizontal partition ribs, and a limiting post is arranged on the joint portion, and the limiting post is configured to be adapted to abut against the anode plate to limit the distance between it and the anode frame. The limiting post is threadedly connected to the joint portion of the partition ribs, so that the distance between the anode plate and the anode frame is configured to be adjustable.

[0012] As another implementation manner, an acid mist collection chamber is formed at the top of the diaphragm bag, and the acid mist collection chamber is configured to communicate with an acid mist suction device. The suction area of the suction port of the acid mist suction device is divided into at least a first part and a second part. The first part is adapted to be immersed in the anolyte to extract the anolyte, and the second part is adapted to be exposed outside the anolyte to extract acid mist. The area of the first part is S1, the area of the second part is S2, and S1:S2 = 1:(1 - 10) is satisfied. The diaphragm bag is provided with an air inlet for the outside air to enter, and an air flow channel is formed between the air inlet and the suction port to prevent the formation of a suction negative pressure in the acid mist collection chamber. The suction pipe of the acid mist suction device sequentially passes through the diaphragm bag and the anode frame and is arranged at the upper part of the anode frame.

[0013] As yet another embodiment, the cathode frame includes lateral columns and a bottom crossbeam. The bottom crossbeam is provided with a liquid inlet member, and the liquid inlet member is configured with a liquid outlet. The cathode liquid injection device includes a liquid inlet pipe that communicates with the outside to obtain the cathode liquid. The liquid inlet pipe extends along the lateral column from top to bottom to the bottom crossbeam. The bottom crossbeam has a liquid inlet groove facing the cathode plate, and the liquid inlet member is arranged in the liquid inlet groove.

[0014] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] First of all, the method of using an anode sleeve bag and not using a cathode sleeve bag can achieve a large flow circulation of the cathode, improve the concentration polarization problem of the cathode, contribute to improving the quality and grade rate of electrowon nickel, reduce the bag sticking phenomenon during the electrowinning process, and the cathode does not need to replace the diaphragm bag and diaphragm frame, which is convenient for out-of-tank operation, reduces the labor intensity, and improves the production efficiency. This design not only avoids the cross-contamination of the electrolyte, ensures the purity and yield of the electrolysis products, but also releases the space on the cathode side, enabling the plate area of the cathode plate to be significantly increased, approximately by about 15%. This change directly promotes the increase of the current density during the electrolysis process, and the current intensity increases by about 30% accordingly, thus significantly improving the electrolysis efficiency. Combining these effects, the output of a single cell can be increased by more than 40%, which is of great significance for improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost per unit product.

[0016] Secondly, the anode frame and the cathode frame adopt an integrated injection molding technology. This design not only simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces the cost, but also significantly improves the structural strength of the frame. The traditional frame is assembled by splicing thermosetting materials, which is not only complex to manufacture and costly, but also prone to deformation and even damage due to stress concentration during long-term use. The integrated injection molding frame effectively avoids these problems, ensures the stability and durability of the electrolysis system, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0017] Furthermore, the acid mist collection chamber provided at the top of the diaphragm bag, in cooperation with the acid mist suction device, constitutes a set of efficient acid mist treatment systems. During the electrolysis process, a large amount of oxygen and acid are generated on the anode surface. If these acid mists are directly discharged into the air, they will not only pollute the environment, but also deteriorate the operating environment and affect the health of the staff. The acid mist collection chamber of the present invention can effectively capture these acid mists and safely treat them through the acid mist suction device, thus completely solving the problem of acid mists generated by the exposure of the anode chamber to the air, improving the working environment, and reducing the environmental protection treatment cost.

[0018] Finally, the cathode liquid injection device arranged at the bottom of the cathode frame realizes the parallel flow injection of the cathode liquid. This design enables the cathode liquid to evenly and stably cover the surface of the cathode plate, eliminates the concentration polarization phenomenon, and improves the electrolysis efficiency. At the same time, the parallel flow injection also helps the uniform distribution and efficient circulation of the electrolyte, reduces the dead zone and concentration gradient, and further enhances the overall performance of the electrolysis system.

[0019] In summary, the high-efficiency electrolysis system based on the anode sleeve bag of the present invention exhibits significant technical advantages in terms of improving electrolysis efficiency, reducing production costs, improving the working environment, and enhancing the system stability and durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electrolytic cell in Embodiment 1.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the electrolytic cell in the length direction in Embodiment 1.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the electrolytic cell in the width direction in Embodiment 1.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a top view of the electrolytic cell in Embodiment 1.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anode assembly in Embodiment 1.

[0026] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the anode assembly in Embodiment 1.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anode frame in Embodiment 1.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cathode assembly in Embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 9 It is an exploded view of the cathode assembly in Embodiment 1.

[0030] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cathode frame in Embodiment 1.

[0031] Reference Signs:

[0032] 1. Electrolytic cell; 2. Anode assembly; 201. Anode frame; 201a. Partition rib; 202. Diaphragm bag; 203. Anode plate; 204. Anode conductive beam; 205. Acid mist suction device; 3. Cathode assembly; 301. Cathode frame; 302. Cathode plate; 303. Cathode liquid injection device; 303a. Liquid inlet pipe; 303b. Liquid inlet member. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated in the drawings here are generally arranged and designed in various different configurations. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in this patent document shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the description and claims of this invention patent do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "a", "an" or "the" do not denote a quantity limitation, but mean that there is at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or items appearing before "include" or "comprise" cover the elements or items listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items. Terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are only used to represent relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The following will describe in detail some embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the features in the following embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, this embodiment provides an efficient electrolysis system based on an anode sleeve bag. The system mainly includes an electrolytic cell 1, an anode assembly 2, and a cathode assembly 3. The electrolytic cell 1 serves as the main container for the electrolysis process, used to hold the anolyte and catholyte, and provides the physical space required for electrolysis. The anode assembly 2 and the cathode assembly 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the electrolytic cell 1, and an external current is applied to cause the ions in the electrolyte to undergo oxidation-reduction reactions on the electrode surfaces.

[0040] The structure of the anode assembly 2 is as Figures 5 to 7 shown, mainly including an anode frame 201, a diaphragm bag 202, an anode plate 203, and an anode conductive beam 204. The anode frame 201 is sleeved outside the anode plate 203, playing a role in supporting and positioning the anode plate. The diaphragm bag 202 is sleeved outside the anode frame 201, used to isolate the anolyte and catholyte to prevent cross-contamination between the two. The anode conductive beam 204 is used to suspend the anode assembly 2 in the electrolytic cell 1 to ensure its stable position during electrolysis. The anode plate 203 is electrically connected to the anode conductive plate on the electrolytic cell 1 through the anode conductive beam 204. Two support ears extend from both ends of the anode frame 201, and the anode frame 201 is positioned on the electrolytic cell 1 through the support ears. Among them, the position on the electrolytic cell 1 for positioning the anode frame 201 is lower than the position for positioning the anode plate 203.

[0041] The anode frame 201 includes a front frame body, a rear frame body, and a spacer structure that spaces the front and rear frame bodies apart in the front-rear direction. The anode frame has a replicable one-piece injection molding feature, and this one-piece injection molding feature is configured such that the spacer structure and the front and rear frame bodies form an integral structure through the injection molding process. This one-piece injection molding technology not only simplifies the production process, shortens the production cycle, and reduces the production cost, but also improves the structural strength and corrosion resistance of the anode frame, and greatly reduces the mass and production cost of the anode frame.

[0042] The spacer structure is arranged at the edges of the front and rear frames and defines a plate storage cavity between the front and rear frames for accommodating the plates. The design of the plate storage cavity enables the plates to be accommodated within the anode frame 201 and maintain a distance from the diaphragm bag 202, preventing adhesion between the anode plate 203 and the diaphragm bag 202.

[0043] Furthermore, the inner side of the front frame has a plurality of integrally formed front partition ribs 201a that cross-connect with each other. These front partition ribs not only enhance the structural strength of the front frame but also form an advancing liquid passage for the electrolyte to enter the plate accommodation cavity. Similarly, the inner side of the rear frame also has a plurality of integrally formed rear partition ribs 201a that cross-connect with each other, and a rear liquid passage for the electrolyte to enter the plate accommodation cavity is formed between these rear partition ribs. The anode frame formed by integral injection molding does not require embedding reinforcing components such as steel bars in the front and rear partition ribs, thereby reducing the size of the partition ribs, further reducing the area ratio occupied by the partition ribs in the front and rear liquid surfaces of the anode frame, reducing the influence on the corresponding cathode power lines and current distribution, improving the uniformity of the cathode current distribution, and ensuring the quality of the cathode product.

[0044] In addition, two intersecting front partition ribs form a front junction at their intersection, and a front limit post (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the front junction. The front limit post is configured to be able to abut against the anode plate 203 to maintain a distance between the anode plate and the front partition ribs. Similarly, two intersecting rear partition ribs form a rear junction at their intersection, and a rear limit post is arranged on the rear junction. The rear limit post is adapted to abut against the plate to maintain a distance between the plate and the rear partition ribs. The design of the front limit post and the rear limit post ensures the stability of the plate during the electrolysis process, preventing the anode frame partition ribs 201a from deforming towards the inside of the anode frame due to the liquid level difference between the anode and the cathode and avoiding scratching the coating of the anode.

[0045] In this embodiment, both the front limit post and the rear limit post can be configured such that the length extending into the accommodation cavity of the anode plate 203 can be adjusted by the user, and the limit post and the junction are connected by threads. Such a design increases the applicability and flexibility of the anode frame 201, and the distance between the anode plate 202 and the partition ribs 201a can be adjusted according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different electrolysis systems.

[0046] At the top of the plate storage cavity, a plate inlet for inserting the anode plate 202 is formed. Such a design facilitates the installation and replacement of the anode plate and improves the maintenance efficiency of the electrolysis system. At the same time, lateral through-holes for the electrolyte to flow through are formed on the left and right sides of the plate storage cavity, and bottom through-holes for the electrolyte to flow through are formed at the bottom. Such a design further ensures the uniform distribution and effective renewal of the electrolyte, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency during the electrolysis process and avoiding the problem of concentration polarization.

[0047] In summary, through the adoption of the integral injection molding technology and the optimization of the structural design, the anode frame of this embodiment achieves the goals of replicability, light weight, short production cycle, and low cost. At the same time, by setting structures such as front partition ribs, rear partition ribs, front limit posts, and rear limit posts, the flow path of the electrolyte is effectively improved, the electrolysis efficiency is increased, and the stability of the anode plate 202 during the electrolysis process is ensured. In addition, the anode frame 201 also has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacturing, and easy maintenance, and is expected to become the new generation of mainstream products in the electrolysis industry.

[0048] Since the anode frame 201 is made by the integral injection molding technology, it has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacturing, and low cost. At the same time, the integral injection molding also improves the structural strength of the anode frame 201, making it not easy to deform or damage during long-term use. A plurality of partition ribs 201a are provided on the anode frame 201, and these partition ribs are arranged vertically and horizontally, which not only enhances the overall strength of the anode frame 201, but also provides good support for the diaphragm bag 202.

[0049] The diaphragm bag 202 is made of a material that is corrosion-resistant, high-temperature-resistant, and has good elasticity. Specifically, it can be made of the diaphragm cloth disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102433636B, titled "A Woven Diaphragm Cloth for Electrolytic Nickel and Its Weaving Method". A mist collection chamber (not separately marked in the figure) is formed at the top of the diaphragm bag 202, and the mist collection chamber is located above the liquid level of the anolyte. The mist collection chamber is communicated with the mist suction device 205. During the electrolysis process, a large amount of oxygen and acid mist are generated on the anode surface, and these acid mists are extracted and processed by the acid mist suction device 205 through the mist collection chamber, thus avoiding the pollution of the acid mist to the environment and the harm to the operators.

[0050] The suction port of the acid mist suction device 205 is divided into two parts: the first part is immersed in the anolyte and is used to extract impurities and bubbles in the anolyte; the second part is exposed outside the anolyte and is specifically used to extract acid mist. By reasonably designing the area ratio of the suction port (such as S1:S2 = 1:(1 - 10)), it can be ensured that the acid mist can be effectively extracted without affecting the flow of the electrolyte and the stability of the electrolysis process due to excessive suction force. In addition, an air inlet (not shown in the figure) is also provided on the diaphragm bag 202 for allowing external air to enter the mist collection chamber to form an air flow channel with the suction port, preventing the formation of a suction negative pressure in the mist collection chamber.

[0051] The area of the first part 511 is S1, and the area of the second part 512 is S2, and they satisfy S1:S2 = 1:(1 - 10); if the area of the first part 511 is too large, it will cause excessive suction of the anode liquid, which will then block the suction pipe and affect the effective suction of acid mist at the suction port. Within this proportional range, it can be ensured that both the anode liquid and the acid mist can be fully extracted, and the recovery efficiency remains at a relatively high level. To further improve the recovery efficiency of the anode liquid and the acid mist, it is recommended to adjust the area ratio of the first part 511 to the second part 512 to S1:S2 = 1:2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the suction port is designed to be between 10 mm and 30 mm. If the inner diameter of the suction port is too large, it may have an adverse effect on the size design of the anode plate and / or the diaphragm bag; while if the inner diameter is too small, it may not be able to suck the anode liquid and acid mist in a timely and effective manner. In addition, a too small inner diameter of the suction port will also affect the area distribution of the first part and the second part, which may cause the anode liquid to block the suction pipe, thereby affecting the suction effect of the acid mist. Therefore, it is preferred that the inner diameter of the suction port is 15 mm to 25 mm. Specifically, the inner diameter of the suction pipe is set to 20 mm and the outer diameter is 25 mm. Such a design can ensure that the anode liquid and the acid mist flow smoothly during the suction process, and effectively avoid problems such as blockage and leakage. Of course, in actual applications, the inner diameter of the suction port should be flexibly selected according to specific requirements and conditions.

[0053] The structure of the cathode assembly 3 is as Figures 8 to 10 shown, and mainly includes a cathode frame 301, a cathode plate 302, and a cathode liquid injection device 303. The cathode frame 301 is sleeved outside the cathode plate 302 and serves to support and fix the cathode plate. The cathode liquid injection device 303 is provided at the bottom of the cathode frame 301 and is used to uniformly inject the cathode liquid below the cathode plate 302.

[0054] The cathode frame 301 is also made by using an integrally injection-molded technology, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacturing, and low cost. The cathode frame 301 includes two parts, a lateral column and a bottom cross beam. An inlet liquid member 303b (not separately marked in the figure) is provided on the bottom cross beam, and an outlet liquid port (not shown in the figure) is configured on the inlet liquid member 303b to achieve uniform liquid inlet for each cathode plate.

[0055] The cathode liquid injection device 303 includes a liquid inlet pipe 303a and a liquid inlet member 303b. The liquid inlet pipe 303a is connected to the source of the cathode liquid outside the device and extends downward along the lateral column of the cathode frame 301 to the bottom crossbeam. The liquid inlet member 303b is arranged on the bottom crossbeam and has a liquid inlet groove (not shown in the figure) facing the cathode plate 302, which is used to evenly distribute the cathode liquid in the liquid inlet pipe 303a under the cathode plate 302. Through this design, the cathode liquid can cover the surface of the cathode plate 302 in a parallel flow manner, eliminating the concentration polarization phenomenon and improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0056] The cathode frame 301 mainly includes a frame body and a cathode chamber formed inside the frame body. The cathode chamber is used to accommodate the cathode plate 302 and is the main area where the electrolysis reaction occurs. The frame body plays a role in supporting and fixing the cathode plate 302 and guiding the flow of the cathode liquid. The frame body specifically includes lateral columns and a bottom crossbeam, and there are also crisscrossing partition ribs between them. The lateral columns are vertically arranged to support the structure of the entire cathode frame 301. The bottom crossbeam is horizontally arranged and connected to the lower ends of the lateral columns to form a stable frame structure. The cathode chamber is located inside this frame structure and is defined by the space enclosed by the lateral columns and the bottom crossbeam.

[0057] The core innovation of the cathode frame 301 lies in the cathode liquid injection device 303 thereon. This device is used to evenly and efficiently inject the cathode liquid obtained from the outside into the cathode chamber to ensure that there is enough cathode liquid around the cathode plate 302 for the electrolysis reaction and effectively eliminate the concentration polarization phenomenon.

[0058] The cathode liquid injection device mainly includes a liquid inlet pipe 303a and a liquid inlet member 303b. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 303a is connected to the cathode liquid supply device outside the device, and the other end extends downward along the lateral column to the bottom crossbeam and is fixedly connected to the lateral column. This design ensures the stable supply of the cathode liquid and enables the cathode frame 301 to be conveniently connected to the external cathode liquid supply system, improving the flexibility and operability of the entire electrolysis system.

[0059] The liquid inlet member 303b is arranged on the bottom crossbeam and is located below the cathode chamber. The liquid inlet member 303b is provided with a liquid outlet. After the cathode liquid enters the liquid inlet member 303b from the liquid inlet pipe 303a, it is injected into the cathode chamber through the liquid outlet. Since the liquid outlet is located below the cathode plate 302, the cathode liquid can be injected into the cathode chamber from below the cathode plate 302. This injection method from below ensures that the cathode liquid can be evenly distributed around the cathode plate 302, thereby effectively eliminating the concentration polarization phenomenon generated near the cathode plate 302.

[0060] The specific design of the liquid inlet member 303b is also an important innovation of this embodiment. The liquid inlet member 303b can be configured as a square tube, which extends along the bottom crossbeam at the bottom of the cathode chamber. The liquid outlet can be configured on both sides of the liquid inlet member 303b, that is, both the front and rear sides of the liquid inlet member 303b have a narrow gap for use as a liquid outlet. In this embodiment, the liquid outlet is preferably configured at the top of the liquid inlet member 303b, so that the cathode liquid can flow into the cathode chamber from above and fully contact the cathode plate 302.

[0061] Further, in order to optimize the distribution effect of the cathode liquid and improve the electrolysis efficiency, the shape and distribution of the liquid outlet can also be adjusted as needed. For example, in the present embodiment, the liquid outlet is preferably configured as an elongated gap, and the elongated gap extends in the length direction of the liquid inlet member 303b. This design enables the cathode liquid to be more evenly distributed in the entire bottom area of ​​the cathode chamber, further improving the uniformity and efficiency of the electrolysis reaction.

[0062] In addition, the bottom crossbeam may also have a liquid inlet groove facing the cathode chamber. The liquid inlet member 303b is arranged in the liquid inlet groove so as to inject the cathode liquid into the cathode chamber more smoothly. The design of the liquid inlet groove can also guide the cathode liquid to flow into the cathode chamber more smoothly, and also helps to reduce the waste and leakage of the cathode liquid.

[0063] In order to further optimize the flow path of the cathode liquid and improve the electrolysis efficiency, a pair of spaced guide walls can be provided in the liquid inlet tank. The provision of the guide walls can guide the cathode liquid to flow along a predetermined path, avoid turbulence of the cathode liquid in the cathode chamber, and thus further improve the stability and efficiency of the electrolysis reaction.

[0064] In summary, the cathode frame 301 provided in this embodiment optimizes the cathode liquid injection method, realizes efficient and uniform injection of the electrolyte, effectively eliminates the concentration polarization phenomenon, and improves the uniformity and efficiency of the electrolytic reaction. At the same time, the cathode frame 301 also has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation and maintenance, and is suitable for metal electrolytic refining processes in various electrochemical industries.

[0065] During the electrolysis process, the cathode liquid is injected into the electrolytic cell 1, and the generated anode liquid is extracted from the electrolytic cell 1 through the suction device and effectively isolated through the diaphragm bag 202 to form a liquid level difference. The external current is applied to the anode plate 203 through the anode conductive beam 204, and the cathode plate 302 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply through the conductive part of the electrolytic cell 1. Under the action of the current, the ions in the anode liquid undergo an oxidation reaction on the surface of the anode plate 203 to produce oxygen and the corresponding acid; while the ions in the cathode liquid undergo a reduction reaction on the surface of the cathode plate 302 to produce the desired electrolysis product.

[0066] By adopting the method of using an anode sleeve bag and not using a cathode sleeve bag, the phenomenon of bag sticking during the electrowinning process can be reduced, which helps to improve the quality and grade rate of electrowon nickel and cobalt. Moreover, the cathode does not need to replace the diaphragm bag and diaphragm frame, facilitating the operation of taking the cell out of the tank, reducing the labor intensity, and improving the production efficiency. This design not only avoids the cross-contamination of the electrolyte, ensures the purity and yield of the electrolytic products, but also releases the space on the cathode side, significantly increasing the plate area of the cathode plate by about 15%. This change directly promotes the increase of the current density during the electrolysis process, and the current intensity increases by about 30%, thus significantly improving the electrolysis efficiency. Combining these effects, the output of a single cell is increased by more than 40%, which is of great significance for improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost per unit product. At the same time, the integral injection molding structure of the anode frame 201 and the cathode frame 301 ensures the stability and durability of the electrolysis system, reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0067] During the electrolysis process, the acid mist generated is extracted and processed by the acid mist suction device 205 through the acid mist collection chamber at the top of the diaphragm bag 202. The suction port of the acid mist suction device 205 is divided into two parts, which are respectively used to extract the anolyte and the acid mist exposed outside the anolyte. By reasonably designing the area ratio of the suction port and the air flow channel, the effective extraction and treatment of the acid mist can be ensured, avoiding harm to the environment and operators.

[0068] The catholyte injection device 303 injects the catholyte in a parallel flow manner below the cathode plate 302, enabling the catholyte to evenly and stably cover the surface of the cathode plate. This parallel flow injection method eliminates the concentration polarization phenomenon and improves the electrolysis efficiency.

[0069] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency electrolysis system based on anode bagging, characterized in that: have: An electrolytic cell, an anode frame sleeved on the outside of the anode plate, and a cathode frame sleeved on the outside of the cathode plate; A diaphragm bag is sleeved on the outer side of the anode frame, and the diaphragm bag is configured to isolate the anolyte and the cathode liquid and form a liquid level difference between the anolyte and the cathode liquid; The bottom of the cathode frame is provided with a cathode liquid injection device, which is suitable for injecting cathode liquid from below the cathode plate so that the injected cathode liquid forms a parallel flow relative to the cathode plate.

2. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode frame is integrally formed by injection molding, and / or the cathode frame is integrally formed by injection molding.

3. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anode frame is provided with a plurality of partition ribs for supporting the diaphragm bag, and the plurality of partition ribs are arranged in a crisscross manner.

4. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An intersection is formed at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse ribs. A limiting column is arranged on the intersection. The limiting column is configured to abut against the anode plate to limit the distance between the anode plate and the anode frame.

5. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting column is threadedly connected to the junction of the partition ribs, so that the distance between the anode plate and the anode frame is adjustable.

6. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An acid mist collecting chamber is formed on the top of the diaphragm bag, and the acid mist collecting chamber is configured to be connected to an acid mist suction device.

7. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The suction area of ​​the suction port of the acid mist suction device is divided into at least a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is suitable for being immersed in the anolyte to extract the anolyte, and the second part is suitable for being exposed outside the anolyte to extract the acid mist.

8. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The area of ​​the first part is S1, the area of ​​the second part is S2, and S1:S2=1:(1-10) is satisfied.

9. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The membrane bag is provided with an air inlet for the outside air to enter, and an air flow channel is formed between the air inlet and the suction port to prevent the formation of suction negative pressure in the acid mist collection chamber.

10. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The suction pipe of the acid mist suction device passes through the diaphragm bag and the anode frame in sequence and is arranged on the upper part of the anode frame.

11. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode frame comprises lateral columns and a bottom crossbeam. The bottom crossbeam is provided with a liquid inlet component, and the liquid inlet component is provided with a liquid outlet.

12. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The cathode liquid injection device comprises a liquid inlet pipe connected to the outside to obtain cathode liquid, and the liquid inlet pipe extends from top to bottom along the lateral column to the bottom crossbeam.

13. The high-efficiency electrolysis system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The bottom cross beam has a liquid inlet groove facing the cathode plate, and the liquid inlet component is arranged in the liquid inlet groove.

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