Star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of anti-collision safety, in particular to a star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device which is used for bridge pier anti-collision and comprises a plurality of embedded sleeves arranged on the outer side of a bridge pier, and each embedded sleeve is provided with an anti-collision unit body through a connecting piece; each anti-collision unit body comprises a shell, multiple sets of star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures are arranged in the shell, partition plates are fixed in the shell, and the interior of the shell is divided into multiple cavities through the partition plates. According to the anti-collision device with the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures, the multiple sets of star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures are arranged in the shells of the anti-collision unit bodies, the partition plates and the limiting plates are combined to form the multiple filling cavities, and the multiple filling cavities are filled with the filling materials, so that the multi-layer integrated design is formed, and when collision occurs, the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures generate large deformation through the negative Poisson's ratio characteristics; all the layers have a synergistic effect, so that the filler and the structure jointly absorb and disperse impact energy, and the energy absorption effect is far better than that of a traditional single-structure anti-collision device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anti-collision safety, in particular to a star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device. Background Art

[0002] In today's society, the importance of transportation is becoming increasingly prominent. Whether it is cars in land transportation or ships in water transportation, their driving safety has attracted much attention. In order to reduce the occurrence of accidents such as vehicle collisions and ship collisions with bridges, various anti-collision devices have emerged. However, these devices still have certain limitations in practical applications.

[0003] Traditional anti-collision devices are difficult to meet the increasing safety requirements in terms of materials, structure and function. Especially in the case of high-speed and large-mass collisions, their protective effect is often limited. When facing a high-speed collision with a large ship, traditional anti-ship collision devices are often difficult to completely absorb and disperse the impact energy. For example, some anti-collision facilities with strong rigidity can prevent ships from directly hitting bridge piers to a certain extent, but the buffering effect of large impact forces is poor, which may cause the bridge structure to be seriously damaged. For example, some anti-collision facilities with strong flexibility have certain elasticity, but when facing a large impact force, their deformation capacity is limited and they cannot fully absorb the impact energy, resulting in the inability to effectively protect bridges and ships. In addition, traditional anti-collision devices are often designed in a relatively simple manner and are difficult to cope with complex actual situations. Especially in the case of a high-intensity collision, they cannot effectively extend the force time, reduce the impact peak, and reduce the damage of the collision to the protected object. Although such devices provide certain protection capabilities in terms of collision energy absorption, there are still many limitations, especially the high cost of customized design and manufacturing, and the need for regular maintenance and overhaul to maintain their performance. At the same time, the cycle of customized production is long, which invisibly increases the time cost of the project. Summary of the invention

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device, used for bridge pier anti-collision, the anti-collision device comprising a plurality of embedded sleeves arranged on the outside of the bridge pier, each embedded sleeve being equipped with an anti-collision unit body through a connector;

[0005] The anti-collision unit body comprises an outer shell, and a plurality of groups of star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures are arranged inside the outer shell.

[0006] Furthermore, a partition is fixed inside the shell, and the partition divides the inside of the shell into a plurality of cavities, and a star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure is arranged in each cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure includes four acute angled corner plates which are adjacent to each other in sequence and connected as one body, and a concave obtuse angle is formed between the plate surfaces of adjacent acute angled corner plates.

[0008] Furthermore, a limiting plate is fixedly arranged outward at the vertex position of the concave obtuse angle.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting plate and the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure divide the cavity into multiple filling cavities, and filling materials are placed in the filling cavities.

[0010] Furthermore, a functional coating is arranged on the outer side of the outer shell.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] In this star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device, multiple groups of star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures are arranged inside the outer shell of the anti-collision unit body. Combining the partition plate and the limiting plate forms multiple filling cavities and fills the filling materials, thus forming a multi-level integrated design. When a collision occurs, the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure uses the negative Poisson's ratio characteristic to generate large deformation, and each level acts synergistically, enabling the filling materials and the structure to jointly absorb and disperse the impact energy. The energy absorption effect far exceeds that of traditional single-structure anti-collision devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a front view of the anti-collision unit of the structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision unit of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the anti-collision unit of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the filling body structure in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, bridge pier; 2, outer shell; 3, connecting piece; 4, functional coating; 5, star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure; 6, partition plate; 7, limiting plate; 8, filling material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1-6, an anti-collision device with a star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure in this embodiment is used for anti-collision of the bridge pier 1. The anti-collision device includes a plurality of embedded sleeves arranged on the outer side of the bridge pier 1. The embedded sleeves are buried during the construction stage of the bridge pier 1, providing a reliable connection foundation for the subsequent installation of the anti-collision unit bodies. Each embedded sleeve is installed with an anti-collision unit body through a connecting piece 3, realizing the stable installation of the anti-collision unit body and the bridge pier 1, and ensuring the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0022] The anti-collision unit body, as the core component of this device, includes a housing 2 fixed on the bridge pier 1 through a connecting piece 3. The housing 2 is made of a high-strength material, such as high-strength alloy steel. This material has excellent wear resistance and impact resistance, can effectively resist external impacts and abrasions, and at the same time can evenly transfer the impact force to the inner structure. A partition 6 is fixed inside the housing 2. The partition 6 is reasonably distributed along the internal space of the housing 2, dividing the interior of the housing 2 into multiple independent cavities.

[0023] In each cavity, multiple groups of star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures 5 are arranged. The star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5 is the key structure of the inner core energy-absorbing layer. The star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5 includes four acutely angled plates that are sequentially adjacent and connected integrally. An inwardly concave obtuse angle is formed between the plate surfaces of adjacent acutely angled plates. A limiting plate 7 is fixedly arranged outward at the vertex position of the inwardly concave obtuse angle. The limiting plate 7 and the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5 further divide the cavity into multiple filling cavities. A filling material 8 is placed in the filling cavity. The filling material 8 can be made of a material with good energy-absorbing performance, such as a polymer buffer energy-absorbing material, etc. It can absorb part of the energy through its own compression deformation during the collision process. At the same time, the limiting plate and the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5 cooperate to play an energy-absorbing role. At the same time, the limiting plate 7 can be attached to the inner wall of the housing 2 or the partition 6, or the limiting plate 7 and the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5 can be welded and fixed when placed in the cavity.

[0024] Both the housing 2 and the inner core energy-absorbing layer are made of star-shaped steel structure materials. The porous structure of this material endows it with excellent energy-absorbing characteristics, can efficiently disperse and absorb impact energy, and reduce its own damage. Under the impact, the star-shaped steel structure and the steel shell deform synergistically. As the impact speed increases, the energy absorption and the initial instability load increase; when the wall thickness of the steel shell increases, the peak collapse load and the total energy absorption increase synchronously. At the same time, the influence of the impact mass on the initial peak collapse load is relatively small.

[0025] The star-shaped concave design uses the negative Poisson's ratio to disperse the impact force from the center along the star-shaped branches to multiple directions at the moment of collision, avoiding force concentration and reducing local structural damage. The innovative structure and arrangement method make the metamaterial present a concave deformation mechanism when loaded, achieving negative Poisson's ratio performance. This mechanism can expand the area of ​​force action and reduce the force intensity per unit area; at the same time, the concave shape provides a smooth transition for the multi-layer structure, promotes the transmission of impact force layer by layer, and synergistically achieves efficient energy absorption and dispersion, significantly improving the protective performance of the anti-collision device.

[0026] The integrated multi-level star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device is optimized through material optimization to achieve performance matching and synergy. The outermost steel shell has good toughness and impact resistance to buffer the force in the early stage of the collision and protect the internal structure; the inner star-shaped steel structure material uses its porous characteristics to quickly absorb the impact energy and convert it into deformation energy. The second-layer star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure has a unique concave design to disperse the impact force in all directions to avoid energy concentration, while further consuming energy through its own deformation. The three-layer matrix-arranged energy-absorbing units fill the star-shaped steel structure, and work together with the first and second layers of materials to ensure that the energy transmitted to the protected object is minimized.

[0027] In order to improve the safety of driving at night, a functional coating 4 is provided on the outer side of the housing 2. The functional coating 4 can be anti-skid, reflective or other functional coatings to improve the performance of the anti-collision device. High-brightness reflective materials are usually used, which can produce strong reflections under the illumination of lights, reminding attention to the position of the bridge pier and reducing the risk of collision.

[0028] In actual application, when the anti-collision unit is slightly impacted, the outer shell 2 is mainly responsible for the protection task. Since the outer shell 2 is made of high-strength material, it can effectively resist the initial impact and prevent the impact force from directly acting on the inner structure, thereby protecting the internal structure.

[0029] When subjected to a large impact, the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure of the inner core energy-absorbing layer begins to exert its excellent energy absorption characteristics. The impact force first acts on the center of the star-shaped structure. Due to the concave design of the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5, the force will diffuse outward along the various branches of the star, dispersing the impact force to a larger area, reducing the force intensity per unit area. At the same time, the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5 undergoes a predetermined deformation under the impact force, converting the impact energy into the deformation energy of the material, thereby effectively reducing the transmission of the impact force. During the deformation process, the limit plate 7 plays a role in limiting the excessive deformation of the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5, ensuring that it absorbs energy within a reasonable deformation range. The filler 8 in the filling cavity will also be compressed as the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure 5 deforms, further absorbing the impact energy.

[0030] In addition, the device adopts a modular design, and each anti-collision unit can be flexibly configured according to different application scenarios. When a certain anti-collision unit is damaged by collision, only the connecting piece 3 of the damaged unit needs to be disassembled, a new anti-collision unit is replaced and reconnected to the embedded sleeve through the connecting piece 3, and the overall performance of the anti-collision device can be restored, greatly reducing the maintenance cost. At the same time, due to the reasonable structure of the device, no additional maintenance is required, and the shape can be adjusted according to actual needs. It can be standardized according to different anti-collision requirements and has significant advantages such as short construction period and low maintenance cost.

[0031] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows:

[0032] When the device is subjected to an external impact, the impact force first acts on the protruding part of the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure. Due to its shape characteristics, the force will spread around along the branches of the star;

[0033] The concave design enables the spread force to be further buffered and dispersed in the concave area. This design can effectively convert the concentrated impact force into smaller forces in multiple directions, reducing the damage to the overall device and the protected object;

[0034] At the same time, the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure also increases the contact area between the device and the colliding object. The larger contact area can reduce the pressure per unit area, make the impact force more evenly distributed on the device, and improve the stability and reliability of the anti-collision device;

[0035] Secondly, the multi-level design of the anti-collision device provides a step-by-step buffering mechanism for collisions. When an external force acts on the device, the outermost shell first contacts and bears the impact. The outermost layer is usually composed of high-strength materials and can withstand a certain degree of initial impact force to prevent the internal structure from being directly severely damaged;

[0036] As the impact force continues, the energy is gradually transmitted to the limit plate, partition plate, filler, and finally to the innermost star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure. The innermost layer can use energy-absorbing materials or materials with a certain elastic deformation ability. When these materials are subjected to external forces, they absorb part of the energy through their own deformation, slow down the transmission speed of the impact force, and through their special structural design, disperse the force over a larger area, reducing the local pressure and protecting the protected object;

[0037] When the anti-collision unit needs to be replaced, the connecting rod is unscrewed by an electric tool, so that the removal of the anti-collision unit can be completed. At the same time, it is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and the structure is reasonable and the shape is flexible and changeable, so it has a series of advantages such as short construction period and low maintenance cost.

[0038] The entire working process is completed, and the content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0039] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device, used for bridge pier (1) anti-collision, characterized by: The anti-collision device comprises a plurality of embedded sleeves arranged on the outside of the bridge pier (1), each embedded sleeve being equipped with an anti-collision unit body via a connecting piece (3); The anti-collision unit comprises an outer shell (2), and a plurality of groups of star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structures (5) are arranged inside the outer shell (2).

2. A star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (6) is fixed inside the shell (2), and the partition (6) divides the inside of the shell (2) into a plurality of cavities, each of which is provided with a star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure (5).

3. A star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure (5) comprises four acute angled corner plates which are adjacent to each other in sequence and connected as one body, and the plate surfaces of the adjacent acute angled corner plates form an inwardly concave obtuse angle.

4. A star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting plate (7) is fixed outwardly at the vertex position of the inwardly concave obtuse angle.

5. A star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting plate (7) and the star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure (5) divide the cavity into a plurality of filling cavities, and filling materials (8) are placed in the filling cavities.

6. The star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the housing (2) is provided with a functional coating (4).

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