Engineering geological exploration drilling machine and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering geological exploration, in particular to an engineering geological exploration drilling machine and a construction method thereof.The engineering geological exploration drilling machine comprises a vehicle body, a mast, a standard penetration device used for measuring the physical and mechanical properties of a soil layer and a power head device used for driving a drill rod; the mast is rotatably connected to the front end of the vehicle body, the standard penetration device and the power head device are slidably connected to the front side of the mast, and the guide mechanism is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mast; the power head device comprises a power head used for driving the drill rod to rotate, a chuck mechanism used for being connected with the drill rod, and a chuck oil cylinder used for driving the chuck mechanism to clamp or release the drill rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering geological exploration, and particularly to an engineering geological exploration drilling rig and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Exploration drilling rigs are mainly used in engineering geological exploration, geological survey and environmental survey, and can also be used for water sources and other similar engineering drilling. During the engineering exploration process, they drive the drill tool to drill physical geological core samples from the ground for in-situ testing in the hole.

[0003] When the power head is connected to the drill pipe, the common connection method is to tighten and connect through internal and external threads, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient disassembly and assembly. However, when connecting the drill pipe through threads, it is necessary to ensure the thread accuracy, otherwise it is easy to loosen, which may cause equipment damage.

[0004] For the commonly used top drive type power head device, the top of the drill pipe is connected below the power head, which is restricted by the feeding stroke and affects the length of each round trip of drilling.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an engineering exploration drilling rig that can meet multi-method construction and improve the drilling quality and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an engineering geological exploration drilling rig and a construction method thereof, which solve the technical problem that the threaded connection of the drill pipe is easy to loosen.

[0008] (II) Technical Solutions

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0010] An engineering geological exploration drilling rig, characterized in that it includes a vehicle body, a mast, a standard penetration device for measuring the physical and mechanical properties of soil layers, and a power head device for driving the drill pipe;

[0011] The mast is rotatably connected to the front end of the vehicle body, the standard penetration device and the power head device are slidably connected to the front side of the mast, and the guiding mechanism is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mast;

[0012] The power head device includes a power head for driving the drill pipe to rotate, a chuck mechanism for connecting the drill pipe, and a chuck oil cylinder for driving the chuck mechanism to clamp or release the drill pipe.

[0013] The chuck mechanism is connected to the lower end of the power head, and the chuck mechanism includes a rotating flange, a limiting sleeve, an upper bearing cover, a housing and a lower bearing cover arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0014] The rotating flange is fixedly connected to the limit sleeve, the limit sleeve is rotatably connected to the upper bearing cover, and the upper bearing cover and the lower bearing cover are fixedly connected to the housing;

[0015] A first bearing, a tapered sleeve and a second bearing are sequentially arranged between the upper bearing cover and the lower bearing cover, and the rotating flange, the limit sleeve and the tapered sleeve are connected to follow the drill pipe.

[0016] The inner diameter of the tapered sleeve gradually increases from top to bottom; a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on the inner side of the tapered sleeve, and the clamping blocks are slidably connected to the inner wall of the tapered sleeve; adjacent clamping blocks are connected by spring wires;

[0017] The lower end of the limit sleeve passes through the tapered sleeve, and a plurality of through grooves are arranged on the side wall of the limit sleeve, and the clamping blocks pass through the through grooves.

[0018] The chuck oil cylinder is connected to both sides of the power head, and the driving end of the chuck oil cylinder is connected to the housing;

[0019] The driving end of the chuck oil cylinder pushes the housing to drive the tapered sleeve to move downward or upward, so that the clamping blocks clamp the drill pipe inward or release it outward.

[0020] The power head device further includes a sliding connection frame and a feeding oil cylinder;

[0021] The sliding connection frame is slidably connected to the front side of the mast, the power head is slidably connected to the front side of the sliding connection frame, a translation oil cylinder driven in the horizontal direction is arranged in the middle of the sliding connection frame, and the driving end of the translation oil cylinder is connected to the power head;

[0022] The feeding oil cylinder is arranged in the mast, and the driving end of the feeding oil cylinder is connected to the sliding connection frame to drive the sliding connection frame to rise or fall.

[0023] The mast includes a main mast and a sub-mast, a through installation cavity is arranged in the middle of the main mast, and the sub-mast is slidably connected in the installation cavity;

[0024] The sliding connection frame is detachably connected to the sub-mast. If the sliding connection frame is fixed to the lower end of the sub-mast, the feeding oil cylinder drives the sliding connection frame and the sub-mast to rise or fall simultaneously;

[0025] A fixing mechanism for fixing the sub-mast is arranged on the side surface of the main mast. After the sub-mast slides to a preset position, the fixing mechanism fixes the sub-mast.

[0026] The standard penetration device includes a standard penetration base, a standard penetration swing arm, and a standard penetration sampler. Sliders are provided on the left and right sides of the standard penetration base. The sliders are rotatably connected to the standard penetration base and slidably connected to the mast.

[0027] The standard penetration sampler is fixed to the front side of the standard penetration base. One end of the standard penetration swing arm is detachably connected to the standard penetration sampler, and the other end of the standard penetration swing arm is rotatably connected to the mast.

[0028] It further includes a back-up tong device. The back-up tong device includes a back-up tong base, tong bodies, and a clamping oil cylinder. The back-up tong base is fixedly connected to the main mast, and the two tong bodies are rotatably connected to the front end of the back-up tong base.

[0029] Slips are provided on the opposite sides of the two tong bodies. The slips are telescopically arranged in the tong bodies, and the driving end of the clamping oil cylinder is connected to the slips to drive the slips to clamp or release the drill pipe.

[0030] A construction method for an engineering geological exploration drill, which is applied to the engineering geological exploration drill, includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Use a measuring instrument to determine and mark the drilling position, move the engineering geological exploration drill to the drilling position, and level and fix it.

[0032] Step 2: Connect a kelly bar and a screw bit to the lower end of the power head device, and start drilling at the marked drilling position.

[0033] Step 3: During the drilling process, when drilling to each preset depth, replace the screw bit with a soil sampler to regularly sample the formation.

[0034] Step 4: When drilling to the final designed depth, stop drilling, rotate the standard penetration device to the front side of the mast, and connect a sounding rod to the lower end of the standard penetration device for sampling and standard penetration testing.

[0035] In Step 3, when the screw bit drills into the formation, if the length of the kelly bar cannot meet the drilling requirement, an external flush drill pipe is connected between the kelly bar and the screw bit, and the power head device drives the kelly bar to drive the external flush drill pipe and the screw bit to continue drilling.

[0036] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides an engineering geological exploration drill, which simultaneously has multiple functions such as drilling, geotechnical sampling, and standard penetration testing, and can meet the construction requirements of geological exploration.

[0038] The power head device is connected to the drill pipe by a chuck-type connection structure, which can prevent the drill pipe from loosening during rotary drilling. Moreover, when connecting the drill pipe, it can be clamped at any position of the drill pipe, with stronger flexibility and can meet the requirements of various different drilling processes.

[0039] The power head device is slidably connected to the front side of the mast. By setting a sliding connection frame and a translation oil cylinder, the power head can move along the horizontal direction. When using the standard penetration device, it vacates the center line position of the mast to avoid interfering with the use of the standard penetration device.

[0040] The standard penetration device is rotatably connected to the mast. When using the power head device to drive the drill pipe, the standard penetration device can rotate horizontally to one side of the main mast to avoid interfering with the use of the power head device.

[0041] The height of the mast is adjustable, which can meet the needs of hoisting the standard penetration device at a high position. When using the standard penetration device to drive the sounding rod to a low position, the standard penetration device can be lifted upward by the steel wire rope connected to the top of the mast, which is convenient for adding a sounding rod under the standard penetrometer, so that the standard penetrometer can reach a deeper soil layer and obtain soil samples and penetration data at deeper depths. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1 Is a perspective view of the engineering geological exploration drill of the present invention (using the power head device);

[0043] Figure 2 Is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view at the wire frame A in

[0044] Figure 3 Is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view at the wire frame B in

[0045] Figure 4 Is a perspective view of the engineering geological exploration drill of the present invention (using the standard penetration device);

[0046] Figure 5 Is Figure 4 The partial enlarged view at the wire frame C in

[0047] Figure 6 Is the enlarged view of the slider of the present invention (in the rotating state);

[0048] Figure 7 Is a perspective view of the power head, chuck mechanism and chuck oil cylinder of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 Is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the chuck mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 Is the top view of the back-up tongs device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 It is the structural diagram of the engineering geological exploration drill of the present invention in the drilling state;

[0052] Figure 11 It is the structural diagram of adding drill pipes to the engineering geological exploration drill of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 12 It is the structural diagram of sampling through a soil sampler by the engineering geological exploration drill of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 13 It is the structural diagram of using a standard penetration device by the engineering geological exploration drill of the present invention.

[0055]

Explanation of the attached drawing reference numerals

[0056] 1: Vehicle body; 11: Console; 12: Power assembly; 13: Drill pipe box; 14: Radiator; 15: Legs;

[0057] 2: Mast; 21: Main mast; 22: Auxiliary mast; 23: Mast chassis; 24: Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 25: Hydraulic winch; 26: Goose head pulley; 27: First locking connection hole; 28: Second locking connection hole; 29: Mast bracket; 3: Standard penetration device; 31: Standard penetration base; 32: Standard penetration swing arm; 33: Standard penetration device; 34: Slide block; 35: Installation groove; 36: Pin; 37: Sling;

[0058] 4: Drill pipe; 41: Spiral drill bit; 42: Active drill pipe; 43: External flush drill pipe;

[0059] 5: Power head device; 51: Sliding connection frame; 52: Power head; 521: Main shaft; 53: Chuck mechanism; 54: Chuck oil cylinder; 55: Feeding oil cylinder; 56: Translating oil cylinder; 57: Pin shaft;

[0060] 531: Housing; 532: Taper sleeve; 533: Chuck block; 534: Upper bearing cover; 535: Lower bearing cover; 536: First bearing; 537: Second bearing; 538: Rotary flange; 539: Limit sleeve;

[0061] 6: Guide mechanism; 61: Guide base; 62: Guide lining;

[0062] 7: Back-up tong device; 71: Back-up tong seat; 72: Tong body; 73: Clamping oil cylinder; 74: Slip; 75: Connecting plate;

[0063] 8: Soil sampler;

[0064] 9: Probe rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] For a better explanation of the present invention for easy understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. Among them, the orientation terms such as "front", "rear", etc. mentioned in this article are referenced with the orientation of Figure 1 as a reference.

[0066] The present invention provides an engineering geological exploration drill, including a telescopic mast 2, a standard penetration device 3 for measuring the physical properties of soil layers, a power head device 5 for driving a drill pipe 4, a guiding mechanism 6 for guiding and positioning the drill pipe 4, and a back-up tong device 7 for screwing on and off the drill pipe 4.

[0067] The existing fixed-height masts of hydraulic engineering exploration drills have disadvantages. High masts are not conducive to transportation, and short masts have low drilling efficiency. By adjusting the height of the mast 2, the need for high-altitude hoisting of the standard penetration device 3 can be met. When the standard penetration device 3 is used to drive the sounding rod 9 to a low position, the standard penetration device 3 can be lifted upward by the steel wire rope connected to the top of the mast 2, which is convenient for adding a sounding rod 9 under the standard penetration device 3, enabling the standard penetration device 3 to reach deeper soil layers and obtain soil samples and penetration data at deeper depths.

[0068] The power head device 5 includes a chuck mechanism 53, which is connected to the drill pipe 4 through the chuck mechanism 53, and the drill pipe 4 is not likely to loosen during drilling. The power head device 5 can slide along the horizontal direction of the mast 2. When the standard penetration device 3 needs to be used, the power head device 5 can move away from the midline position of the mast 2 to avoid interfering with the standard penetration device 3.

[0069] The standard penetration device 3 is rotatably connected to the mast 2. When the power head device 5 needs to be used, the standard penetration device 3 can rotate to one side of the main mast 21 to avoid interfering with the power head device 5 driving the drill pipe 4.

[0070] In addition, during drilling, it is necessary to provide hole guidance for the drill pipe to improve the quality of hole opening. However, when switching to a small-sized drill pipe, the existing hole guidance device cannot be adjusted, making it difficult to meet the guiding function for small-sized drill pipes. The guiding mechanism 6 is provided with a guiding lining 62. By setting the guiding lining 62, the through-hole diameter of the guiding mechanism 6 can be adjusted, enabling the guiding mechanism 6 to be applicable to small-sized ordinary drilling tools.

[0071] To better understand the above technical solutions, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to convey the full scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0072] See the attached Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an engineering geological exploration drill, which includes a vehicle body 1, a mast 2 rotatably connected to the front end of the vehicle body 1, a standard penetration device 3 and a power head device 5 slidably connected to the front side of the mast 2, and a back clamp device 7 and a guiding mechanism 6 sequentially arranged at the bottom of the mast 2 from top to bottom. The standard penetration device 3 is rotatably connected to the mast 2. When using the power head device 5 to drive the drill pipe 4 for drilling, the standard penetration device 3 can rotate to one side of the mast 2 to avoid interfering with the power head device 5 driving the drill pipe 4. The guiding mechanism 6 is arranged at the orifice to ensure that the drill pipe 4 drills along a predetermined trajectory, reduce deviation, and improve the straightness of the borehole. The power head device 5 is connected to the drill pipe 4 through a chuck connection structure, so that the drill pipe 4 is not easily loosened during the drilling process.

[0073] The mast 2 includes a main mast 21, a sub-mast 22 and a lifting hydraulic cylinder 24. The main mast 21 is rotatably connected to the front end of the vehicle body 1. An installation cavity for installing the sub-mast 22 is provided inside the main mast 21. The sub-mast 22 is telescopically connected to the installation cavity of the main mast 21. The length of the sub-mast 22 is less than that of the main mast 21. After the sub-mast 22 slides to a preset position, it can be fixed to the main mast 21 through a locking pin. By setting the slidable main mast 21 and sub-mast 22, the need for the standard penetration device 3 to add a probe rod 9 at the orifice with a relatively large depth can be met.

[0074] See appendix Figure 2 , the power head device 5 is slidably connected to the main mast 21 and is used to drive the drill pipe 4. The power head device 5 includes: a sliding connection frame 51, a power head 52, a chuck mechanism 53, a chuck hydraulic cylinder 54 and a feeding hydraulic cylinder 55. The sliding connection frame 51 is slidably connected to the front side of the main mast 21. The feeding hydraulic cylinder 55 is arranged in the installation cavity of the main mast 21. The driving end of the feeding hydraulic cylinder 55 is connected to the sliding connection frame 51 to drive the sliding connection frame 51 to rise or fall.

[0075] See appendix Figures 4 - 5 , the power head 52 is slidably connected to the front side of the sliding connection frame 51. A translation hydraulic cylinder 56 driven in the horizontal direction is provided in the middle of the sliding connection frame 51. The driving end of the translation hydraulic cylinder 56 is connected to the power head 52. By setting the translation hydraulic cylinder 56 to drive the power head 52 to move along the horizontal direction of the sliding connection frame 51. When using the standard penetration device 3, the middle line position of the mast 2 can be vacated for the standard penetration device 3 to avoid interfering with the use of the standard penetration device 3.

[0076] The sliding connecting frame 51 is detachably fixed to the auxiliary mast 22. The sliding connecting frame 51 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the auxiliary mast 22 through a pin shaft 57. When the feeding oil cylinder 55 drives the sliding connecting frame 51 to move, it can simultaneously drive the auxiliary mast 22 connected to the sliding connecting frame 51 to rise or fall, so that the auxiliary mast 22 extends out or retracts from the top of the main mast 21. After the auxiliary mast 22 slides to a preset position, it is fixed to the main mast 21 through a locking pin. Through the combination of the sliding connecting frame 51 and the auxiliary mast 22, the feeding oil cylinder 55 can simultaneously realize the movement of the power head 52 and the auxiliary mast 22.

[0077] A plurality of locking connection holes for fixing the auxiliary mast 22 are provided on the side surface of the main mast 21. The locking connection holes include a first locking connection hole 27 and a second locking connection hole 28. When the auxiliary mast 22 slides to the first locking connection hole 27 or the second locking connection hole 28, according to the actual use requirements, the locking pin is inserted into the first locking connection hole 27 or the second locking connection hole 28 to fix the auxiliary mast 22 inside the main mast 21, and the pin shaft 57 is disassembled to disconnect the sliding connecting frame 51 from the auxiliary mast 22, which does not interfere with the subsequent use of the power head 52. Through the cooperation of the telescopic auxiliary mast 22 and the gooseneck pulley 26 at the top of the auxiliary mast 22, the high-altitude hoisting requirements of the standard penetration device 3 can be met.

[0078] See appendix Figures 7 - 8 , the power head 52 includes a main shaft 521. The main shaft 521 is connected to the drill pipe 4 and drives the drill pipe 4 to rotate as an output end. The main shaft 521 is a hollow structure capable of inserting the drill pipe 4 inside, and the drill pipe 4 can pass through the main shaft 521, so that the chuck mechanism 53 can be clamped at any height of the drill pipe 4. An external spline for connecting the chuck mechanism 53 is provided at the lower end of the main shaft 521.

[0079] The chuck mechanism 53 includes a rotating flange 538, a limit sleeve 539, an upper bearing cover 534, a housing 531, and a lower bearing cover 535, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A through hole for inserting the main shaft 521 is provided in the middle of the rotating flange 538. Internal splines are provided on the inner wall of the through hole. The external spline at the lower end of the main shaft 521 is inserted into the rotating flange 538 and is fixedly clamped with the rotating flange 538. The rotating flange 538 and the limit sleeve 539 are fixedly connected by bolts. The limit sleeve 539 is rotatably connected to the upper bearing cover 534. The upper bearing cover 534 and the lower bearing cover 535 are respectively fixedly arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the housing 531. Through holes for passing the drill pipe 4 are provided in the middle of the upper bearing cover 534 and the lower bearing cover 535.

[0080] Between the upper bearing cover 534 and the lower bearing cover 535, a first bearing 536, a taper sleeve 532, and a second bearing 537 are successively arranged from top to bottom. The first bearing 536, the taper sleeve 532, and the second bearing 537 are located within the housing 531. When the power head 52 drives the drill pipe 4 to rotate, the rotary flange 538, the limit sleeve 539, and the taper sleeve 532 rotate simultaneously with the drill pipe 4.

[0081] The inner diameter of the taper sleeve 532 gradually increases from top to bottom. A plurality of clamping blocks 533 are arranged on the inner side of the taper sleeve 532, and the clamping blocks 533 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the taper sleeve 532. The outer diameter of the clamping blocks 533 gradually increases from top to bottom, which is conducive to the sliding of the clamping blocks 533 to release the drill pipe 4. Spring wires are connected between adjacent clamping blocks 533, and the spring wires are used to reset the clamping blocks 533.

[0082] The lower end of the limit sleeve 539 passes through the taper sleeve 532. A plurality of through grooves are arranged on the side wall of the limit sleeve 539, and the clamping blocks 533 pass through the through grooves and contact the drill pipe 4. The limit sleeve 539 is used to limit the clamping blocks 533 to keep the clamping blocks 533 inside the taper sleeve 532 and enable relative movement with the inner wall of the taper sleeve 532.

[0083] The chuck cylinders 54 are connected to both sides of the power head 52. The connecting ends of the chuck cylinders 54 are connected to the power head 52, and the driving ends of the chuck cylinders 54 are connected to the housing 531. When the driving ends of the chuck cylinders 54 extend, they push the housing 531 to slide downward, driving the inner taper sleeve 532 to move downward. The tapered inner wall of the taper sleeve 532 drives the clamping blocks 533 to clamp the drill pipe 4 inward. When the driving ends of the chuck cylinders 54 retract, they drive the housing 531 to move upward. The housing 531 drives the inner taper sleeve 532 to move upward to relieve the force on the clamping blocks 533. The clamping blocks 533 move outward under the tension of the spring wires to release the drill pipe 4.

[0084] When using the chuck mechanism 53 to connect the drill pipe 4, the top end of the drill pipe 4 passes through the chuck mechanism 53 and is inserted into the main shaft 521, and the chuck mechanism 53 is driven by the chuck cylinders 54 to clamp the drill pipe 4. When using the power head 52 to drive the drill pipe 4, the main shaft 521 drives the drill pipe 4, the rotary flange 538, the limit sleeve 539, the taper sleeve 532, and the clamping blocks 533 to rotate simultaneously. Through the cooperation of the chuck mechanism 53 and the main shaft 521, when connecting the drill pipe 4, the drill pipe 4 is inserted into the main shaft 521, and the chuck mechanism 53 can be clamped at any position of the drill pipe, with stronger flexibility and can meet the requirements of various different drilling processes. In addition, by connecting the drill pipe 4 through a chuck-type connection structure, the water faucet can be directly connected to the top of the drill pipe 4. Different from the path of the mud of the top drive power head passing through the water faucet, through the power head and then to the drill pipe, it reduces the transition of the power head and simplifies the sealing structure.

[0085] See the appendix Figure 5, the guiding mechanism 6 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main mast 21, and the guiding mechanism 6 is used for guiding during the drilling of the drill pipe 4. The guiding mechanism 6 includes a guiding base 61 provided with a through hole, and a guiding inner lining 62 detachably arranged in the through hole of the guiding base 61. The guiding inner lining 62 is of an annular structure. In this embodiment, the guiding inner lining 62 is sleeved and clamped in the through hole of the guiding base 61. By setting the guiding inner lining 62, the guiding mechanism 6 can be adapted to a variety of drill pipes 4 and drill bits. When using the spiral drill bit 41 for drilling, the diameter of the spiral drill bit 41 is relatively large, and the guiding base 61 is directly used to guide the spiral drill bit 41. When using ordinary drilling tools with a diameter of 73 mm or less, the guiding inner lining 62 is sleeved in the through hole of the guiding base 61, so that the guiding mechanism 6 can guide the small-diameter drill pipe.

[0086] A back clamp device 7 is also provided at the top of the guiding mechanism 6. The back clamp device 7 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main mast 21 and is used for clamping the drill pipe 4. See the appendix Figure 9 , the back clamp device 7 includes a back clamp seat 71, a clamp body 72 and a clamping oil cylinder 73. The back clamp seat 71 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main mast 21, and the two clamp bodies 72 are rotatably connected to the back clamp seat 71 through a rotating shaft, and the clamp body 72 is connected to the front end of the back clamp seat 71.

[0087] The back clamp device 7 further includes a connecting plate 75. The connecting plate 75 is used for connecting the back clamp seat 71 and the main mast 21. The back clamp seat 71 is fixed to the front side of the connecting plate 75, and the connecting plate 75 is fixedly connected to the main mast 21 through bolts. By setting the connecting plate 75 to connect the main mast 21, it is convenient for the disassembly and later maintenance of the back clamp device 7.

[0088] When the two clamp bodies 72 are in the closed state, a through hole for passing the drill pipe 4 is provided between the opposite inner sides. A slip-on 74 is also provided on the opposite sides of the two clamp bodies 72. The slip-on 74 is telescopically arranged in the clamp body 72, and the slip-on 74 is connected to the driving end of the clamping oil cylinder 73. The drill pipe 4 is clamped by driving the slip-on 74 through the clamping oil cylinder 73.

[0089] When the back clamp device 7 is in the working state, the left and right clamp bodies 72 are in the closed state (non-rotating state), and the clamping oil cylinder 73 drives the slip-on 74 to open and close, realizing the clamping and release of the drill pipe 4. When a spiral drill bit 41 with a too large through-hole diameter is required at the hole opening, the left and right clamp bodies 72 can also rotate and open around the rotating shaft, so that the spiral drill bit 41 can pass through.

[0090] The back clamp device 7 can be used in cooperation with the chuck mechanism 53. After the slip-on 74 clamps the drill pipe 4, the chuck oil cylinder 54 pushes the housing 531 to slide downward to release the drill pipe 4.

[0091] Since the drill pipe 4 cannot rotate when the slip 74 clamps the drill pipe 4, the back-up tong device 7 can also cooperate with the power head 52 to uncouple the adjacent drill pipes 4. That is, the slip 74 clamps the lower drill pipe 4, and the power head 52 drives the upper drill pipe 4 to rotate, so as to uncouple the upper and lower drill pipes 4.

[0092] A mast chassis 23 is provided at the top of the front end of the vehicle body 1. The main mast 21 is rotatably connected to the mast chassis 23. The mast chassis 23 is in the shape of a triangular bracket. The main mast 21 is hinged to the top of the mast chassis 23. The mast chassis 23 is used for installing the mast 2 and the hoisting hydraulic cylinder 24, and bearing the mast load. The main mast 21 can rotate towards the top of the vehicle body 1 with the mast chassis 23 as the axis, so that the mast 2 can be laid down on the top of the vehicle body 1, which is convenient for the drill rig to travel and transport.

[0093] The connecting end of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected to the mast chassis 23, and the driving end of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder 24 is hinged to the main mast 21. The hoisting hydraulic cylinder 24 is used to drive the main mast 21 to rotate from the horizontal position to the vertical position or from the vertical position to the horizontal position.

[0094] A hydraulic winch 25 is provided at the rear side of the upper part of the main mast 21, and a gooseneck pulley 26 is provided at the top of the auxiliary mast 22. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the hydraulic winch 25, and the other end of the steel wire rope bypasses the gooseneck pulley 26 and is connected to the standard penetration device 3. The hydraulic winch 25 drives the steel wire rope to pull the standard penetration device 3 to rise or fall along the mast 2.

[0095] In the state of the drill rig being transported, the auxiliary mast 22 is retracted into the main mast 21, and the hoisting hydraulic cylinder 24 pulls the main mast 21 to be laid down on the top of the vehicle body 1, which can shorten the overall length of the drill rig and is convenient for transportation. In the state of the drill rig being used, the driving device 24 drives the main mast 21 to rotate to the upright state, and the auxiliary mast 22 extends out of the main mast 21 according to the actual construction requirements, which can extend the overall height of the mast 2 and cooperate with the gooseneck pulley 26 at the top of the auxiliary mast 22 to meet the needs of high-altitude hoisting operations.

[0096] A mast support 29 is also provided at the top of the rear end of the vehicle body 1. The mast support 29 is used to hold the upper end of the mast 2 when the mast 2 is laid down and the equipment is in the transportation state.

[0097] See Appendix Figure 3, the standard penetration device 3 is used to obtain soil samples, measure the penetration resistance, evaluate the soil layer properties, determine the foundation bearing capacity, monitor the changes in the soil layer, and assist in engineering design, providing key data support for geotechnical engineering. The standard penetration device 3 is slidably connected to the front side of the main mast 21. The standard penetration device 3 includes a standard penetration base 31, a standard penetration swing arm 32, and a standard penetration sampler 33. The standard penetration sampler 33 is fixed to the other side of the standard penetration base 31 that is not adjacent to the main mast 21. Sliders 34 are provided on the left and right sides of the standard penetration base 31. The sliders 34 are rotatably connected to the standard penetration base 31. By clamping the sliders 34 at both ends of the standard penetration base 31 on both sides of the main mast 21, the standard penetration base 31 can slide along the main mast 21.

[0098] See the appendix Figure 6 , mounting grooves 35 are correspondingly provided on the left and right sides of the standard penetration base 31. One end of the slider 34 is rotatably connected to the mounting groove 35 through a rotating shaft. A pin 36 for fixing the slider 34 is provided on the top of the standard penetration base 31. The pin 36 is inserted into the slider 34 so that the slider 34 can be fixed relative to the standard penetration base 31.

[0099] The standard penetration swing arm 32 is rotatably connected to the main mast 21. The standard penetration swing arm 32 is connected to the standard penetration sampler 33 through a pin shaft. When using the power head device 5, the standard penetration device 3 needs to move away from the midline position of the main mast 21 to one side of the main mast 21. By rotating the standard penetration swing arm 32 in the horizontal direction, the standard penetration sampler 33 and the standard penetration base 31 are driven to rotate to one side of the main mast 21. When the standard penetration sampler 33 needs to be used, the standard penetration sampler 33 and the standard penetration base 31 are driven to move to the front side of the main mast 21 through the standard penetration swing arm 32, and the sliders 34 are installed. Then, the pin shaft connecting the standard penetration swing arm 32 to the standard penetration sampler 33 is removed, so that the standard penetration base 31 can drive the standard penetration sampler 33 to slide along the main mast 21.

[0100] A lifting ring 37 is provided on the top of the standard penetration sampler 33. The lifting ring 37 is used to connect the steel wire rope. When the standard penetration sampler 33 drives the drill rod 9 to the low position, the steel wire rope can be pulled by the hydraulic winch 25 to drive the standard penetration sampler 33 to lift upward, facilitating the addition of the drill rod 9 under the standard penetration sampler 33, enabling the standard penetration sampler 33 to reach deeper soil layers and obtain soil samples and penetration data at deeper depths.

[0101] The vehicle body 1 adopts a crawler chassis. A power assembly 12 and a control console 11 are provided on the top of the vehicle body 1. The power assembly 12 includes an engine and a hydraulic station assembly, serving as the energy device of the drill rig and used to provide a power source for the drill rig equipment. The control console 11 is used to control all components of the drill rig.

[0102] A drill rod box 13 and a radiator 14 are provided on the top of the vehicle body 1. The drill rod box 13 is used to store the drill rod 4, facilitating the installation and use of the drill rod 4. The radiator 14 is used to dissipate heat for the hydraulic system.

[0103] At the front end of the vehicle body 1, there are outriggers 15 which are rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1. By setting the outriggers 15, the operating stability of the equipment can be enhanced and the equipment can be leveled.

[0104] The drill pipe 4 includes a primary drill pipe 42 and an external-flat drill pipe 43. The primary drill pipe 42 is a hexagonal or square prism, connected to the power head 52 to transmit torque and axial force, and is used for shallow or medium-depth hole drilling. The outer surface of the external-flat drill pipe 43 is flat, usually circular, used to extend the drill string, added at the bottom of the primary drill pipe 42 to transmit the drilling pressure and torque, drive the drill bit to rotate and drill, and is suitable for deep hole drilling.

[0105] See Appendix Figures 10 - 13 , the present invention also provides a construction method for an engineering geological exploration drill, including the following steps:

[0106] Step 1: Site investigation at the construction site;

[0107] Investigate the terrain and geological conditions of the construction site to determine the drilling position. Check the equipment to ensure that the drill and supporting equipment are in good condition, and set safety signs to ensure construction safety.

[0108] Step 2: Use surveying instruments to determine the drilling position and mark it, move the engineering geological exploration drill to the drilling position, and level and fix the engineering geological exploration drill through the outriggers 15.

[0109] Step 3: Start drilling at the marked drilling position through the power head device 5. The drilling method includes the following steps:

[0110] Connect the primary drill pipe 42 and the auger bit 41 in sequence under the chuck mechanism 53. The power head 52 drives the primary drill pipe 42 to drive the auger bit 41 for dry spiral drilling and soil discharge.

[0111] When the auger bit 41 drills into the formation, if the length of the primary drill pipe 42 cannot meet the drilling requirements, an external-flat drill pipe 43 is added between the primary drill pipe 42 and the auger bit 41. The power head 52 drives the primary drill pipe 42 to drive the external-flat drill pipe 43 and the auger bit 41 to continue drilling. The number of added external-flat drill pipes 43 is selected according to actual needs.

[0112] Step 4: During the drilling process, at each preset depth of drilling, a soil sampler 8 is added at the lower end of the power head device 5 to regularly sample the formation. The sampling method includes the following steps:

[0113] Disassemble the auger bit 41 and the external-flat drill pipe 43, add the soil sampler 8 at the bottom of the primary drill pipe 42. The feed cylinder 55 drives the sliding connection frame 51 to drive the power head 52 to press down, and the soil sampler 8 is pressed into the formation for sampling through the pressure. After the soil sampler 8 finishes sampling, it is replaced with an external-flat drill pipe 43 and an auger bit 41 added to continue drilling.

[0114] Step 5: When drilling reaches the final designed depth, stop drilling, and take samples and conduct standard penetration tests through the standard penetration device 3. The standard penetration test includes the following steps:

[0115] Drive the sliding connection frame 51 to the lower part of the main mast 21 through the feed cylinder 55, and drive the power head 52 to one side of the main mast 21 through the translation cylinder 56 to make way for the standard penetration device 3 at the midline position of the main mast 21; rotate the standard penetration device 3 to the front side of the main mast 21, connect the slider 34 to the main mast 21, and disassemble the standard penetration swing arm 32; then connect the drill rod 9 to the standard penetrometer 33, and the standard penetrometer 33 presses the drill rod 9 into the formation to take samples and measure the physical and mechanical properties of the soil layer.

[0116] Step 6: Record drilling parameters, formation information, etc.

[0117] The engineering geological exploration drill provided by the present invention has multiple functions such as drilling, rock and soil sampling, and standard penetration test, and can meet the construction requirements of geological exploration. The mast 2 can be laid down on the top of the vehicle body 1, and at the same time, the vehicle body 1 can also load drilling tools, which is convenient for transportation.

[0118] By setting the mast 2 with adjustable height, when the standard penetration device 3 drives the drill rod to a low position, the standard penetration device 3 can be lifted upward by the steel wire rope connected to the top of the mast 2, which is convenient for adding a drill rod under the standard penetrometer 33, enabling the standard penetrometer to reach deeper soil layers and obtain soil samples and penetration data at deeper depths.

[0119] The power head device 5 is connected to the drill rod 4 by a chuck-type connection structure, which can prevent the drill rod 4 from loosening during rotary drilling.

[0120] By arranging a translation cylinder 56 inside the sliding connection frame 51 of the power head device 5, the power head 52 can move horizontally. When using the standard penetration device 3, it makes way for the standard penetration device 3 at the midline position of the mast 2 to avoid interfering with the use of the standard penetration device 3.

[0121] By setting the standard penetration swing arm 32, the rotational connection between the standard penetrometer 33 and the mast 2 is realized. When using the power head device 5 to drive the drill rod 4 to drill, the standard penetration device 3 can rotate horizontally to one side of the main mast 21 to avoid interfering with the use of the power head device 5.

[0122] A guiding mechanism 6 is provided at the lower part of the mast 2. The guiding mechanism 6 is located at the orifice. By setting the guiding mechanism 6, it can ensure that the drill rod 4 drills along a predetermined trajectory, reduce deviation, and improve the straightness of the borehole. A guiding lining 62 is provided inside the guiding mechanism 6. By setting the guiding lining 62, the through-hole diameter of the guiding mechanism 6 for passing the drill rod 4 can be adjusted, so that the guiding mechanism 6 can be applicable to ordinary drilling tools with a diameter less than or equal to 73 mm.

[0123] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0124] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention may be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0125] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, when a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature, it may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, when the first feature is "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. When the first feature is "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0126] In the description of this specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0127] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engineering geological survey drilling rig, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body (1), a mast (2), a standard penetration device (3) for measuring the physical and mechanical properties of soil layers, and a power head device (5) for driving a drill rod (4); The mast (2) is rotatably connected to the front end of the vehicle body (1), the standard penetration device (3) and the power head device (5) are slidably connected to the front side of the mast (2), and the guide mechanism (6) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mast (2); The power head device (5) comprises a power head (52) for driving the drill rod (4) to rotate, a chuck mechanism (53) for connecting the drill rod (4), and a chuck cylinder (54) for driving the chuck mechanism (53) to clamp or release the drill rod (4).

2. The engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck mechanism (53) is connected to the lower end of the power head (52), and the chuck mechanism (53) comprises a rotating flange (538), a limiting sleeve (539), an upper bearing cover (534), a housing (531) and a lower bearing cover (535) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The rotating flange (538) is fixedly connected to the limiting sleeve (539), the limiting sleeve (539) is rotatably connected to the upper bearing cover (534), and the upper bearing cover (534) and the lower bearing cover (535) are fixedly connected to the housing (531); A first bearing (536), a tapered sleeve (532) and a second bearing (537) are arranged in sequence between the upper bearing cover (534) and the lower bearing cover (535); the rotating flange (538), the limiting sleeve (539) and the tapered sleeve (532) are movably connected to the drill rod (4).

3. The engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the cone sleeve (532) gradually increases from top to bottom; a plurality of clamping blocks (533) are provided on the inner side of the cone sleeve (532), and the clamping blocks (533) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the cone sleeve (532); adjacent clamping blocks (533) are connected by spring steel wires; The lower end of the limiting sleeve (539) passes through the cone sleeve (532), and the side wall of the limiting sleeve (539) is provided with a plurality of through slots, and the clamping block (533) passes through the through slots.

4. The engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chuck oil cylinder (54) is connected to both sides of the power head (52), and the driving end of the chuck oil cylinder (54) is connected to the housing (531); The driving end of the chuck oil cylinder (54) pushes the housing (531) to drive the cone sleeve (532) to move downward or upward, so that the clamping block (533) clamps the drill rod (4) inward or releases it outward.

5. The engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power head device (5) also includes a sliding connection frame (51) and a feed cylinder (55); The sliding connection frame (51) is slidably connected to the front side of the mast (2), the power head (52) is slidably connected to the front side of the sliding connection frame (51), a translation cylinder (56) driven in a horizontal direction is provided in the middle of the sliding connection frame (51), and a driving end of the translation cylinder (56) is connected to the power head (52); The feed oil cylinder (55) is arranged in the mast (2), and the driving end of the feed oil cylinder (55) is connected to the sliding connection frame (51) to drive the sliding connection frame (51) to rise or fall.

6. The engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mast (2) comprises a main mast (21) and a secondary mast (22); a through installation cavity is provided in the middle of the main mast (21), and the secondary mast (22) is slidably connected in the installation cavity; The sliding connection frame (51) is detachably connected to the secondary mast (22). If the sliding connection frame (51) is fixed to the lower end of the secondary mast (22), the feed oil cylinder (55) drives the sliding connection frame (51) and the secondary mast (22) to rise or fall simultaneously; A fixing mechanism for fixing the secondary mast (22) is provided on the side of the main mast (21); after the secondary mast (22) slides to a preset position, the fixing mechanism fixes the secondary mast (22).

7. The engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard penetration device (3) comprises a standard penetration base (31), a standard penetration swing arm (32) and a standard penetration device (33), and sliders (34) are provided on the left and right sides of the standard penetration base (31), and the sliders (34) are rotatably connected to the standard penetration base (31), and the sliders (34) are slidably connected to the mast (2); The penetration marker (33) is fixed to the front side of the penetration marker base (31), one end of the penetration marker swing arm (32) is detachably connected to the penetration marker (33), and the other end of the penetration marker swing arm (32) is rotatably connected to the mast (2).

8. The engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a back clamp device (7), the back clamp device (7) comprising a back clamp seat (71), a clamp body (72) and a clamping cylinder (73), the back clamp seat (71) is fixedly connected to the main mast (21), and the two clamp bodies (72) are rotatably connected to the front end of the back clamp seat (71); Slips (74) are provided on opposite sides of the two clamp bodies (72). The slips (74) are telescopically arranged in the clamp bodies (72). The driving end of the clamping oil cylinder (73) is connected to the slips (74) to drive the slips (74) to clamp or release the drill rod (4).

9. A construction method of an engineering geological survey drilling rig, characterized in that: The engineering geological survey drilling rig applied to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use measuring instruments to determine the drilling position and mark it, move the engineering geological survey drilling rig to the drilling position, and level and fix it; Step 2: Connect an active drill rod (42) and a spiral drill bit (41) to the lower end of the power head device (5), and start drilling at the marked drilling position; Step 3: During the drilling process, when drilling reaches each preset depth, the auger bit (41) is replaced with a soil sampler (8) to periodically sample the stratum; Step 4: When drilling reaches the final designed depth, stop drilling, rotate the standard penetration device (3) to the front side of the mast (2), and connect a probe rod (9) to the lower end of the standard penetration device (3) to perform sampling and standard penetration tests.

10. The construction method of the engineering geological survey drilling rig according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3, after the spiral drill bit (41) drills into the formation, if the length of the active drill rod (42) cannot meet the drilling requirements, an external flat drill rod (43) is connected between the active drill rod (42) and the spiral drill bit (41), and the power head device (5) drives the active drill rod (42) to drive the external flat drill rod (43) and the spiral drill bit (41) to continue drilling.

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