Composite prevention and treatment system for water inrush and mud inrush disasters of deep underground engineering and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite prevention and treatment system and treatment method for water and mud inrush disaster treatment of deep underground engineering, and belongs to the technical field of deep underground engineering construction process design and construction. The invention provides a composite prevention and control system and a treatment method which can effectively improve the water inrush and mud inrush prevention and control effect. The composite prevention and treatment system comprises a cavern tunnel face and an excavated rock mass with the water inrush and mud inrush risk in front of the cavern tunnel face and at least further comprises a monitoring device and an advanced drainage structure, and the advanced drainage structure is arranged in the excavated rock mass with the water inrush and mud inrush risk in front of the cavern tunnel face through the cavern tunnel face. The detection end of the monitoring device is arranged in an excavated rock mass with water and mud bursting risks in front of the tunnel face of the cavern under the cooperation of the advanced drainage structure; water inrush and mud inrush information existing in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face of the cavern is obtained through the detection end and displayed under the cooperation of the monitoring device display control end, and underground seepage water forming the water inrush and mud inrush risk is discharged out of the cavern through the advanced drainage structure under the cooperation of the cavern.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite prevention and control system, and in particular to a composite prevention and control system for controlling water and mud inrusions in deep underground engineering, belonging to the technical field of construction process design and construction of deep underground engineering. The present invention also relates to a control method for controlling water and mud inrusions by using the composite prevention and control system for controlling water and mud inrusions in deep underground engineering. Background Art

[0002] Term Explanation: Deep Engineering: In the field of hydropower engineering, when the burial depth of an underground project exceeds 600m, it enters the field of deep engineering. Generally, it has geological environments such as high ground stress and high osmotic pressure, and water and mud inrusions are prominent in areas such as fault fracture zones or fracture-intensive zones; Water and Mud Inrusions: Refers to the phenomenon that groundwater and sediment suddenly pour into the engineering space due to groundwater pressure or geological tectonic activities, seriously threatening construction safety.

[0003] Water and mud inrusions in deep underground engineering occur frequently. Affected by high ground stress, high osmotic pressure and complex geological structures, water and mud inrusions are prominent in areas such as fault fracture zones or fracture-intensive zones, seriously threatening the safe construction of deep underground engineering and the healthy operation and maintenance during the operation stage of underground engineering. It is an issue that needs to be focused on in the construction and operation of underground engineering. The existing technologies mainly prevent and control mud inrusions through the following two categories: 1) Passive drainage, setting drainage holes or drainage corridors to reduce the groundwater pressure, but with low efficiency and unable to cope with sudden water inrusions; 2) Grouting and plugging, using cement-based or chemical slurries to plug fractures, but traditional slurries are easily washed out under high-pressure environments and have poor durability.

[0004] Although geological disasters such as water and mud inrusions have gradually been taken seriously as underground engineering develops deeper, there are generally three problems in the defects of existing technologies: low grouting efficiency, it is difficult for traditional drainage systems to quickly reduce the water pressure in the mud inrush area, resulting in continuous influx of sediment; insufficient performance of grouting materials, the existing slurries have weak erosion resistance and the plugging fails under high-pressure environments; lack of dynamic monitoring, unable to give real-time early warnings of mud inrush risks and with a lag in emergency response.

[0005] As mentioned above, there are three problems in the existing methods for preventing and controlling water and mud inrusions: the drainage system is easily blocked and unable to cope with high-silt-content water flows; the compressive strength of the grouting material is low (≤10MPa) and the plugging fails under high-pressure mud inrush environments; lack of real-time monitoring and early warning mechanisms and a lag in emergency treatment of mud inrusions. It is likely to lead to poor prevention and control effects of water and mud inrusions and pose potential hazards to the construction and safe operation and maintenance of underground engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a composite prevention and control system for water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering, which can effectively improve the prevention and control effect of water and mud inrush. The present invention also provides a control method for treating water and mud inrush disasters by using the composite prevention and control system for water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problem is: a composite prevention and control system for water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering, including a tunnel face and the excavated rock mass in front of it where there is a risk of water and mud inrush. The composite prevention and control system at least further includes a monitoring device and an advanced drainage structure. The advanced drainage structure is arranged in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face where there is a risk of water and mud inrush through the tunnel face. The detection end of the monitoring device is arranged in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face where there is a risk of water and mud inrush with the cooperation of the advanced drainage structure. The information of water and mud inrush in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face is obtained through the detection end of the monitoring device and displayed with the cooperation of the display control end of the monitoring device. The underground seepage water constituting the risk of water and mud inrush is discharged to the outside of the tunnel behind the tunnel face through the advanced drainage structure with the cooperation of the tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, the advanced drainage structure includes at least three pressure-reducing advanced drainage holes. Each pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole is arranged in a fan-shaped and inclined manner in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face where there is a risk of water and mud inrush with the tunnel as the center. At least one detection end of the monitoring device is arranged in each pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole, and each detection end is respectively connected to the display control end of the monitoring device.

[0009] The preferred mode of the above solution is that the detection end of the monitoring device is composed of an optical fiber sensor arranged in the advanced drainage structure. The display control end of the monitoring device includes an early warning indicator light, a control module, and a display. The signal output end of the optical fiber sensor, the signal input end of the early warning indicator light, and the signal input end of the display are respectively connected to the control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the composite prevention and control system further includes a honeycomb-shaped high-pressure grouting consolidation structure, which is grouted and consolidated in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face where there is a risk of water and mud inrush through high-pressure grouting holes.

[0011] The preferred mode of the above solution is that the high-pressure grouting holes include a plurality of inclined grouting holes and a plurality of horizontal grouting holes. Each inclined grouting hole is arranged in a fan-shaped manner along the circumferential direction of the tunnel with the tunnel as the center in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face where there is a risk of water and mud inrush. Each horizontal grouting hole is evenly arranged in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face where there is a risk of water and mud inrush along the horizontal direction through the tunnel face. The honeycomb-shaped high-pressure grouting consolidation structure is grouted and consolidated in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face where there is a risk of water and mud inrush through each inclined grouting hole and each horizontal grouting hole respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the honeycomb high-pressure grouting consolidation structure includes multiple high-pressure-resistant and low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation bodies. Each high-pressure-resistant and low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation body arranged in a three-dimensional network structure is respectively poured into the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face through each high-pressure grouting hole.

[0013] The preferred way of the above solution is that a clogging prevention, dredging and self-cleaning device is also arranged in each pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole. During the drainage process, the sediment deposited in the pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole is cleaned and dredged out through the clogging prevention, dredging and self-cleaning device.

[0014] Furthermore, the clogging prevention, dredging and self-cleaning device includes a water delivery pipe, a spiral brush and a mounting bearing. Water delivery holes are arranged on the pipe wall of the water delivery pipe. A support hole and a water passing hole are arranged on the end wall of the end of the water delivery pipe extending into the drainage hole. At least two rows of drainage channels are arranged on the spiral brush along the circumferential direction. The spiral brush is movably arranged in the water delivery pipe through the mounting bearing and the support hole. The water delivery pipe with an outer diameter adapted to the aperture of the pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole is inserted into the pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole; along the length direction, four to six optical fiber sensors are sequentially arranged on the outer side wall of the water delivery pipe. The signal output ends of each optical fiber sensor are respectively connected to the control module.

[0015] For the treatment method of water and mud inrush disasters using the composite prevention and control system for water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering, the treatment method first determines the location with the risk of water and mud inrush disasters through advanced prediction exploration; then, based on the tunnel face, umbrella-shaped inclined drilling is carried out to drill pressure-reducing and advanced drainage holes and high-pressure grouting holes into the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face; then, a drainage pipe, a clogging prevention, dredging and self-cleaning device and the detection end of the monitoring device are arranged in the pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole, and the display and control end of the monitoring device is installed in the tunnel behind the tunnel face to establish the monitoring device; then, the seepage water in the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face is drained to below the specified pressure through the drainage pipe with the cooperation of the clogging prevention, dredging and self-cleaning device; then, high-pressure-resistant and low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation bodies are poured into the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face through the high-pressure grouting holes to form a trinity prevention and control system of advanced water drainage - high-pressure grouting - intelligent regulation for water and mud inrush, and finally, the water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering are treated through the prevention and control system.

[0016] Furthermore, after the pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole drains the seepage water in the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face to below 0.5 MPa, the nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation body is poured.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The technical solution provided by the present invention is based on the existing tunnel face and the excavated rock mass in front of it with the risk of water and mud inrush. By adding a monitoring device and an advanced drainage structure, a composite prevention and control system of the present invention is constituted. The advanced drainage structure is arranged through the tunnel face into the excavated rock mass in front with the risk of water and mud inrush, and the detection end of the monitoring device is arranged into the excavated rock mass in front with the risk of water and mud inrush in cooperation with the advanced drainage structure. Then, the information of water and mud inrush in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face is obtained through the detection end of the monitoring device and displayed with the cooperation of the display control end of the monitoring device. The underground seepage water constituting the risk of water and mud inrush is discharged to the outside of the tunnel behind the tunnel face through the advanced drainage structure in cooperation with the tunnel. In this way, the technical problem that the prior art cannot perform real-time monitoring when dealing with water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering is solved. At the same time, by first discharging the groundwater in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face with the risk of water and mud inrush through the advanced drainage structure and then constructing, the installation of the construction can be guaranteed, and at the same time, the prevention and control effect of water and mud inrush can be effectively improved under the real-time monitoring of the monitoring device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. is a flow chart of the composite prevention and control system for treating water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering of the present invention for treating water and mud inrush disasters; Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the installation of the pressure-reducing advanced drainage holes and optical fiber sensors involved in the composite prevention and control system for treating water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering of the present invention; Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic layout diagram of the high-pressure grouting holes involved in the composite prevention and control system for treating water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering of the present invention; Figure 4 FIG. is a feedback diagram of the monitoring device involved in the composite prevention and control system for treating water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure, the markings are: tunnel face 1, excavated rock mass 2, pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole 3, optical fiber sensor 4, warning indicator light 5, control module 6, display 7, honeycomb high-pressure grouting consolidation structure 8, inclined grouting hole 9, horizontal grouting hole 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 And Figure 4Shown is a composite prevention and control system for water inrush and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering provided by the present invention, which can effectively improve the prevention and control effect of water inrush and mud inrush. The composite prevention and control system includes a tunnel face 1 and an excavated rock mass 2 in front of it with a risk of water inrush and mud inrush. The composite prevention and control system further includes at least a monitoring device and an advanced drainage structure. The advanced drainage structure is arranged in the excavated rock mass 2 in front with a risk of water inrush and mud inrush through the tunnel face 1. The detection end of the monitoring device is arranged in the excavated rock mass 2 in front of the tunnel face 1 with a risk of water inrush and mud inrush in cooperation with the advanced drainage structure; the information of water inrush and mud inrush existing in the excavated rock mass 2 in front of the tunnel face 1 is obtained through the detection end of the monitoring device and displayed with the cooperation of the display control end of the monitoring device. The underground seepage water constituting the risk of water inrush and mud inrush is discharged to the outside of the tunnel behind the tunnel face 1 through the advanced drainage structure in cooperation with the tunnel. The technical solution provided by the present invention is based on the existing tunnel face and the excavated rock mass in front of it with a risk of water inrush and mud inrush. By adding a monitoring device and an advanced drainage structure to form the composite prevention and control system of the present invention, the advanced drainage structure is arranged through the tunnel face into the excavated rock mass in front with a risk of water inrush and mud inrush, and the detection end of the monitoring device is arranged in the excavated rock mass in front with a risk of water inrush and mud inrush in cooperation with the advanced drainage structure; then the information of water inrush and mud inrush existing in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face is obtained through the detection end of the monitoring device and displayed with the cooperation of the display control end of the monitoring device. The underground seepage water constituting the risk of water inrush and mud inrush is discharged to the outside of the tunnel behind the tunnel face through the advanced drainage structure in cooperation with the tunnel. In this way, it not only solves the technical problem that the prior art cannot perform real-time monitoring when dealing with water inrush and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering, but also, by first discharging the groundwater in the excavated rock mass in front of the tunnel face with a risk of water inrush and mud inrush through the advanced drainage structure and then constructing, it can not only ensure the installation of the construction, but also effectively improve the prevention and control effect of water inrush and mud inrush under the real-time monitoring of the monitoring device.

[0021] Combined with the existing technology, in order to improve the advanced drainage effect as much as possible and more reliably monitor the situation of water and mud inrush disasters, the advanced drainage structure of the present invention includes at least three pressure-reducing advanced drainage holes 3. Each pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole 3 is arranged in a umbrella-shaped and inclined manner in the excavated rock mass 2 with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face 1 of the chamber, centered on the chamber. At least one detection end of the monitoring device is arranged in each pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole 3, and each detection end is respectively connected to the display control end of the monitoring device. The detection end of the monitoring device of the present invention is composed of an optical fiber sensor 4 arranged in the advanced drainage structure. The display control end of the monitoring device includes an early warning indicator light 5, a control module 6 and a display 7. The signal output end of the optical fiber sensor 4, the signal input end of the early warning indicator light 5 and the signal input end of the display 7 are respectively connected to the control module 6. At this time, preferably, a dredging, plugging and self-cleaning device is also arranged in each pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole. The sediment deposited in the pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole 3 during the drainage process is cleared and dredged through the dredging, plugging and self-cleaning device. A more specific structure is that the dredging, plugging and self-cleaning device includes a water delivery pipe, a spiral brush and a mounting bearing. A water delivery hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the water delivery pipe. A support hole and a water passing hole are arranged on the end wall of the end of the water delivery pipe extending into the drainage hole. At least two rows of drainage channels are arranged on the spiral brush along the circumferential direction. The spiral brush is movably arranged in the water delivery pipe through the mounting bearing and the support hole. The water delivery pipe with an outer diameter adapted to the aperture of the pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole is inserted into the pressure-reducing advanced drainage hole 3. Along the length direction, four to six optical fiber sensors 4 are sequentially arranged on the outer side wall of the water delivery pipe, and the signal output ends of each optical fiber sensor are respectively connected to the control module.

[0022] Correspondingly, referring to existing treatment technologies, in order to maximize the treatment effect, especially the use safety after the completion of deep underground engineering, the composite prevention and control system described in the present invention further includes a honeycomb-shaped high-pressure grouting consolidation structure 8, and the honeycomb-shaped high-pressure grouting consolidation structure 8 is grouted and fixed in the excavated rock mass 2 with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face 1 through high-pressure grouting holes. Preferably, the high-pressure grouting holes include a plurality of inclined grouting holes 9 and a plurality of horizontal grouting holes 10. Each inclined grouting hole 9 is arranged in a umbrella shape along the circumferential direction of the tunnel with the tunnel as the center in the excavated rock mass 2 with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face 1, and each horizontal grouting hole 10 is evenly distributed in the excavated rock mass 2 with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face 1 along the horizontal direction through the tunnel face 1; the honeycomb-shaped high-pressure grouting consolidation structure 8 is grouted and fixed in the excavated rock mass 2 with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face 1 through each inclined grouting hole 9 and each horizontal grouting hole 10 respectively. More specifically, the honeycomb-shaped high-pressure grouting consolidation structure 8 includes a plurality of high-pressure resistant and low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation bodies, and each high-pressure resistant and low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation body arranged in a three-dimensional network structure is respectively grouted in the excavated rock mass 2 with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face 1 through each high-pressure grouting hole.

[0023] The present invention provides a treatment method for treating water and mud inrush disasters by using the composite prevention and control system for treating water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering, which is carried out according to the following steps: determining the location with the risk of water and mud inrush disasters through advanced prediction exploration; then drilling pressure-reducing advanced drainage holes and high-pressure grouting holes obliquely in an umbrella shape into the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face based on the tunnel face; then arranging the detection ends of the drainage pipe, the plugging and self-cleaning device and the monitoring device in the pressure-reducing advanced drainage holes, and installing the display and control end of the monitoring device in the tunnel behind the tunnel face to establish a monitoring device; then discharging the seepage water in the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face to below the specified pressure through the drainage pipe in cooperation with the plugging and self-cleaning device; then pouring high-pressure resistant and low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation bodies in the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face through the high-pressure grouting holes to form a trinity prevention and control system of advanced water and mud inrush drainage-high-pressure grouting-intelligent regulation, and finally treating the water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering through the prevention and control system. In order to improve the grouting effect of the honeycomb-shaped high-pressure grouting consolidation structure 8, the present invention pours the nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation body after discharging the seepage water in the excavated rock mass with the risk of water and mud inrush in front of the tunnel face to below 0.5 MPa.

[0024] In summary, the technical solution provided by the present invention also has the following advantages 1. It has a drain hole with a self-cleaning filter element, which can solve the problem of blockage of traditional drain holes. 2. The high-pressure composite grouting solidified body can form a sealed water isolation body while forming the solidified body in the fault fracture zone or fissure-intensive zone. 3. Through the pre-laid optical fiber sensors, the activity states of groundwater and sediment can be real-time fed back, providing real-time data for the dynamic treatment of water and mud inrush. 4. For different risk levels, three risk warnings of green light, yellow light, and red light are fed back and formed near the tunnel face, and rapid response strategies can be adopted. 5. Through the tripartite water and mud inrush treatment method of advance drainage and pressure reduction - high-pressure grouting reinforcement - intelligent monitoring and early warning of the present invention, while effectively preventing and controlling water and mud inrush, the grouting pressure or drainage intensity can also be automatically adjusted according to real-time data.

[0025] 6. In addition to collecting water and mud inrush information during the construction period when the installed optical fiber sensors are in place, they can also be used as the tactile nerves for intelligent detection during the operation and maintenance period to collect information such as the deformation and water pressure of the surrounding rock inside, providing data support for the intelligent operation and maintenance of deep underground caverns.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments:

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water and mud inrush treatment method combining efficient drainage and dynamic grouting, using high-pressure erosion-resistant composite slurry to improve the reliability of groundwater sealing, integrating an intelligent monitoring system to realize real-time early warning and rapid response to the risk of water and mud inrush, and realizing a tripartite deep underground engineering water and mud inrush treatment method of advance drainage and pressure reduction - high-pressure grouting consolidation - intelligent monitoring and regulation. First, radial drainage holes are arranged in front of the tunnel face of the underground project to achieve advance pressure reduction of groundwater, and optical fiber sensors are arranged along with the drainage holes; after the groundwater pressure drops to 0.5 MPa, a composite slurry such as nano-silicate - epoxy resin with high pressure resistance and low permeability is injected forward through a high-pressure grouting machine to form a honeycomb-shaped consolidated body to realize the reinforcement of the water and mud inrush section; after reinforcement, based on the information such as water pressure, displacement, and sediment content collected by the optical fiber sensors, using an intelligent early warning platform, the risk level early warning of water and mud inrush is realized, and an emergency grouting or drainage intensification instruction is triggered.

[0028] Specifically, the implementation of the water and mud inrush treatment method for deep underground engineering of the present invention includes the following steps: 1. Through means such as advance prediction in deep underground engineering, determine the parts where water and mud inrush disasters are likely to exist. 2. When the advance geological prediction shows that there is a water and mud inrush disaster ahead, apply radial drainage holes in front of the tunnel face. 3. Process PVC drainage pipes, and process plum blossom-shaped holes on the surface to enhance the drainage effect. 4. On the basis of the processed PVC drainage pipe, arrange fiber optic sensors; 5. Place the PVC drainage pipe installed with fiber optic sensors into the applied radial drainage holes; 6. After installation, install a self-cleaning filter pipe in the PVC pipe to prevent sediment blockage and achieve self-flow drainage of groundwater; 7. When self-flow drainage is difficult to effectively reduce the groundwater pressure, connect the drainage holes to a vacuum negative pressure pump to strongly pump out groundwater and reduce the groundwater pressure below 0.5 MPa; 8. After installing the PVC drainage pipe, conduct advanced grouting through a high-pressure grouting machine in front of the heading face to form a honeycomb-shaped consolidation body in the water and mud inrush section; 9. During the grouting process, collect the water pressure, displacement and sediment content in front of the heading face in real time through the fiber optic sensors; 10. On the basis of the data collected by the fiber optic sensors, predict three risk levels of water and mud inrush through the built-in early warning platform; 11. Convert the three risk levels into three color signal indicators: green - normal construction can be carried out, yellow - emergency grouting or enhanced drainage, red - emergency evacuation.

Claims

1. A composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering, comprising a cavern face (1) and an excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face with a risk of water and mud inrush, characterized in that: The composite prevention and control system at least comprises a monitoring device and an advance drainage structure. The advance drainage structure is arranged in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud. The detection end of the monitoring device is arranged in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud intrusion in cooperation with the advance drainage structure. Information on sudden water and mud in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) is acquired by the detection end of the monitoring device and displayed in cooperation with the display control end of the monitoring device. Underground seepage water that constitutes a risk of sudden water and mud intrusion is discharged to the outside of the cavern behind the cavern face (1) through the advance drainage structure in cooperation with the cavern.

2. The composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The advance drainage structure comprises at least three pressure-reducing advance drainage holes (3), each of which is arranged in an umbrella-shaped manner with the cavern as the center and tilted in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud, and each of which is arranged in each of the pressure-reducing advance drainage holes (3), each of which is connected to a display control end of the monitoring device.

3. The composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The detection end of the monitoring device is composed of an optical fiber sensor (4) arranged in the advanced drainage structure, and the display control end of the monitoring device includes an early warning indicator light (5), a control module (6) and a display (7), and the signal output end of the optical fiber sensor (4), the signal input end of the early warning indicator light (5) and the signal input end of the display (7) are respectively connected to the control module (6).

4. The composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The composite prevention and control system further comprises a honeycomb high-pressure grouting consolidation structure (8), wherein the honeycomb high-pressure grouting consolidation structure (8) is grout-formed through high-pressure grouting holes in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud.

5. The composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-pressure grouting holes include a plurality of inclined grouting holes (9) and a plurality of horizontal grouting holes (10). Each inclined grouting hole (9) is arranged in an umbrella shape along the circumference of the cavern with the cavern as the center in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud. Each horizontal grouting hole (10) is evenly distributed in the horizontal direction through the cavern face (1) in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud. The honeycomb high-pressure grouting consolidation structure (8) is grout-cemented in the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud.

6. The composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The honeycomb high-pressure grouting consolidation structure (8) comprises a plurality of high-pressure resistant, low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation bodies, each of which is arranged in a three-dimensional network structure and is injected into the excavated rock mass (2) in front of the cavern face (1) where there is a risk of sudden water and mud.

7. The composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blockage-removing and self-cleaning device is also arranged in each pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole. During the drainage process, the mud and sand accumulated in the pressure-reducing and advanced drainage hole (3) is cleaned and discharged through the blockage-removing and self-cleaning device.

8. The composite prevention and control system for managing water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blockage-removing and self-cleaning device comprises a water pipe, a spiral brush and a mounting bearing. A water hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the water pipe. A support hole and a water-passing hole are arranged on the end wall of the water pipe extending into the drainage hole. At least two rows of drainage channels are arranged on the spiral brush along the circumference. The spiral brush is arranged in the water pipe through the mounting bearing and the support hole. The water pipe with an outer diameter adapted to the hole diameter of the pressure-reducing advance drainage hole is plugged into the pressure-reducing advance drainage hole (3). Four to six optical fiber sensors (4) are arranged in sequence on the outer wall of the water pipe along the length direction. The signal output end of each optical fiber sensor is respectively connected to a control module.

9. A method for treating water and mud inrush disasters using the composite prevention and control system for treating water and mud inrush disasters in deep underground engineering as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The control method first plans the location where water and mud burst disasters exist through advance forecast exploration; then, based on the cavern face, a pressure-reducing advance drainage hole and a high-pressure grouting hole are drilled in an umbrella-shaped inclined manner in the excavated rock mass in front of the cavern face where there is a risk of water and mud burst; then, a drainage pipe, a plugging and self-cleaning device and a detection end of a monitoring device are arranged in the pressure-reducing advance drainage hole, and a display control end of the monitoring device is installed in the cavern behind the cavern face to establish a monitoring device; then, through the drainage pipe, with the cooperation of the plugging and self-cleaning device, the seepage water in the excavated rock mass in front of the cavern face where there is a risk of water and mud burst is discharged to below the specified pressure; then, a high-pressure-resistant and low-permeability nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation body is poured into the excavated rock mass in front of the cavern face where there is a risk of water and mud burst through the high-pressure grouting hole to form a three-in-one prevention and control system of water and mud burst advance drainage-high-pressure grouting-intelligent regulation, and finally, the water and mud burst disasters of deep underground engineering are controlled through the prevention and control system.

10. The treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressure-reducing advance drainage holes are used to drain the seepage water in the excavated rock mass in front of the cavern face where there is a risk of sudden water and mud outbursts to below 0.5MPa, and then the nano-silicate-epoxy resin composite slurry consolidation body is injected.

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