Test method for dislocation belt deformation test

Abstract

The invention relates to a staggered belt deformation test method, which comprises the following steps of classifying soft layer belts according to engineering characters, and arranging a preset number of test points in each type of soft layer belts; carrying out a rigid bearing plate test to obtain a test deformation curve; classifying the deformation curves, and establishing a deformation modulus calculation principle for different curve types; calculating a deformation modulus value based on the test deformation curve obtained by each test point; statistical analysis is carried out according to the soft layer belt character classification and the deformation modulus result, and the average deformation modulus corresponding to the soft layer belt type is obtained; according to the test method for the dislocation belt deformation test, the characters and the test curve of the soft layer belt are finely classified, and the obtained result is more reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of rock mass engineering, and particularly to a test method for the deformation of a fault zone. Background Art

[0002] The soft layer zone is a fracture structure that is significantly softer than the surrounding rock mass under tectonic action. Its thickness can range from a few centimeters to dozens of centimeters, and its extension length can range from dozens of meters to several kilometers. The most common material compositions of the soft layer zone are mud, debris, gravel, etc., and some are composed of relatively soft rocks. Due to the existence of the soft layer zone, the rock mass is prone to sliding along it, resulting in large-scale damage to the rock mass and endangering engineering construction. Therefore, during the engineering construction process, it is very important to test the physical and mechanical properties of the soft layer zone. The deformation modulus is an important parameter for rock mass engineering design. Compared with other rock masses, the soft layer zone is thin and embedded between rock masses, making it inconvenient to implement conventional deformation modulus tests or resulting in poor test accuracy. Therefore, according to the strip characteristics of the soft layer zone, a deformation test method suitable for the soft layer zone is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a test method for the deformation of a fault zone, which finely classifies both the properties of the soft layer zone itself and the test curves, and the obtained results are more reliable.

[0004] The test method for the deformation of a fault zone provided by this application includes the following steps:

[0005] 1) Classify the soft layer zone according to engineering properties, and arrange a preset number of test points in the soft layer zone of each category;

[0006] 2) Conduct a rigid bearing plate test to obtain the test deformation curve;

[0007] 3) Classify the deformation curve and establish the calculation principle of the deformation modulus for different curve types;

[0008] 4) Calculate the deformation modulus value based on the test deformation curves obtained at each test point;

[0009] 5) Conduct statistical analysis according to the classification of the soft layer zone properties and the deformation modulus results to obtain the average deformation modulus corresponding to the soft layer zone type.

[0010] In addition, the test method for the deformation of a fault zone provided by this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] In an alternative solution, step 3) includes:

[0012] According to the characteristics of the deformation curve, the deformation curve is divided into five types: A, B, C, D, and E. Among them, type A is a straight line, type B is concave upward of the curve, type C is concave downward of the curve, type D is concave upward of the broken line, and type E is convex upward of the broken line;

[0013] The calculation principles for the deformation modulus established for different curve types are as follows: For type A, the straight-line segment is used for calculation, and its deformation modulus is close to a constant. For type B and type C, the secant modulus is used for calculation. For type D and type E curves, the deformation modulus is calculated using the straight-line segment under the action of a larger test load.

[0014] In an alternative solution, in step 4), when calculating the numerical value of the deformation modulus, the following steps are included:

[0015] Compare the deformation curves obtained at each test point, and select the data segment for calculating the deformation modulus according to the calculation principles of each type of deformation curve. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, E is the deformation modulus (MPa), W is the total deformation of the rock mass surface (cm), P represents the pressure (MPa), D is the diameter of the bearing plate (cm), and μ is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass; when calculating different curve types, the formula is the above formula, but the selection principles of P and W corresponding to different types of curves are different.

[0018] In an alternative solution, step 5) specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] Statistically analyze the deformation model results of each measuring point under the same type of weak layer belt, and calculate the average value to obtain the average deformation modulus corresponding to each type of weak layer belt;

[0020] According to the corresponding relationship between the clay content and the average deformation modulus, obtain the main law of the influence of clay on the deformation parameters, and use this law for analogical speculation during subsequent engineering exploration.

[0021] In an alternative solution, in step 2), the test instruments used in the rigid bearing plate test include a circular rigid bearing plate, a jack, a pressure gauge, and a deformation gauge. The maximum test load is 6 - 8 Ma, and the step-by-step one-cycle method is used for pressure application in 5 levels;

[0022] During the test, the dial indicator arranged on the bearing plate is used to measure the deformation of the rock mass, record the pressure and deformation data of each cycle of pressure application, and draw the pressure-deformation curve.

[0023] In an alternative solution, in step 1), when classifying the weak layer zone, it is classified into block and debris type, debris with mud type, mud with debris type, and mud type according to the clay content. Among them, the clay content of the block and debris type is less than 3%, the clay content of the debris with mud type is 3% - 10%, the clay content of the mud with debris type is 10% - 30%, and the clay content of the mud type is greater than 30%.

[0024] When arranging the test points, the number of test points arranged for each type of weak layer zone is not less than 4.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0026] The test method for the deformation of the dislocation zone in the present application is based on the rigid bearing plate method. By conducting tests in the direction perpendicular to the layer zone and calculating the deformation modulus according to the type of deformation curve, the operation is simple and easy. The entire method finely classifies both the properties of the weak layer zone itself and the test curve, and the obtained results are more reliable. This method can measure the deformation modulus of the weak layer zone in the exploration tunnel, with a simple principle and is convenient to promote and infer the results.

[0027] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and do not limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the test method for the deformation of the dislocation zone provided by the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a typical schematic diagram of five types of deformation curves A, B, C, D, and E for classification.

[0030] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of the specification, showing the embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principle of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by the present application.

[0033] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms of "a", "the", and "said" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0034] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used herein is only a correlative relationship describing associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0035] As Figure 1-2 shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a test method for the deformation of the dislocation zone. The test method for the deformation of the dislocation zone includes the following steps:

[0036] 1) Classify the weak layer zone according to engineering properties, and arrange test points in the weak layer zone of each category;

[0037] The weak structural plane is divided into 4 categories: rock block and rock debris type, rock debris and mud type, mud and rock debris type, and mud type according to the clay content. Among them, the clay (d<0.005mm) content of the rock block and rock debris type is less than 3%, the clay content of the rock debris and mud type is 3% - 10%, the clay content of the mud and rock debris type is 10% - 30%, and the clay content of the mud type is greater than 30%;

[0038] When arranging test points, it is necessary to ensure that the number of test points arranged in the weak layer zone of each category is not less than 4.

[0039] 2) Conduct a rigid bearing plate test to obtain the test deformation curve;

[0040] The test instruments used in the rigid bearing plate test include standard rigid bearing plate test instruments such as a circular rigid bearing plate, a jack, a pressure gauge, and a deformation gauge. The maximum test load is 6 - 8 Ma, and the pressure is applied in 5 levels using the step-by-step one-cycle method;

[0041] During the test, 4 dial gauges symmetrically arranged on the bearing plate are used to measure the rock mass deformation, record the pressure and deformation data of each cycle of pressure application, and draw the pressure-deformation curve.

[0042] 3) Classify the deformation curve and establish the calculation principle of the deformation modulus for different curve types;

[0043] According to the characteristics of the pressure-deformation curve, the deformation curve is divided into five types: A, B, C, D, and E. Among them, type A is a straight line, type B is concave upward on the curve, type C is concave downward on the curve, type D is concave upward on the broken line, and type E is convex upward on the broken line;

[0044] The calculation principles for the deformation modulus established for different curve types are as follows: For type A, the straight-line segment is used for calculation, and its deformation modulus is close to a constant. For type B and type C, the secant modulus is used for calculation. For type D and type E curves, the deformation modulus is calculated using the straight-line segment under a larger test load.

[0045] 4) Calculate the deformation modulus value based on the test deformation curves obtained at each test point;

[0046] Compare the pressure-deformation curves obtained at each test point, and select the data segment for calculating the deformation modulus according to the calculation principles of each type of deformation curve. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, E is the deformation modulus (MPa), W is the total deformation of the rock mass surface (cm), P represents the pressure (MPa), D is the diameter of the bearing plate (cm), and μ is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass; when calculating different curve types, the formula is the above formula, but the selection principles of P and W corresponding to different types of curves are different.

[0049] 5) Conduct statistical analysis based on the classification of the properties of the weak layer zone and the deformation modulus results to obtain the average deformation modulus corresponding to the type of weak layer zone;

[0050] Conduct statistics on the deformation model results of each measuring point under the same type of weak layer zone and calculate the average value to obtain the average deformation modulus corresponding to each type of weak layer zone;

[0051] Based on the corresponding relationship between the clay content and the average deformation modulus, obtain the main laws of the influence of clay on the deformation parameters, and this law can be used for analogical speculation during subsequent engineering exploration.

[0052] The test method for the deformation of the fault zone in this application is based on the rigid bearing plate method. By conducting tests in the direction perpendicular to the layer zone and calculating the deformation modulus according to the type of deformation curve, the operation is simple and easy. The entire method finely classifies both the properties of the weak layer zone itself and the test curves, and the obtained results are more reliable. This method can measure the deformation modulus of the weak layer zone in the exploration tunnel, with a simple principle and is convenient for popularizing and speculating the results.

[0053] Example 1:

[0054] For the exploration of a hydropower project's geology by adits, it is planned to measure the deformation modulus of multiple weak layer zones on site. Before the measurement, the weak layer zones on the project site are classified according to the clay content. The common types from more to less are rock debris intercalated with mud type, rock block and rock debris type, and mud intercalated with rock debris type. Among them, the filling of the rock debris intercalated with mud type is mainly brecciated tectonic rock, the filling of the rock block and rock debris type is jointed and brecciated tectonic rock, and the filling of the mud intercalated with rock debris type is fractured tectonic rock.

[0055] For each type of weak layer zone, 5 measuring points are arranged. The direction of each measuring point is the same, and the interval between the measuring points is flexibly adjusted according to the outcrop situation of the weak layer zone to ensure the independence of the measurement. Here, 10 m is selected.

[0056] Conduct a rigid bearing plate test on the measuring points. The diameter of the bearing plate is 50.5 cm. A jack is used to apply the load, with a maximum load of 6 - 8 MPa. The load is applied in 5 levels using the step-by-step one-cycle method. The deformation of the rock mass is measured by 4 dial gauges symmetrically arranged on the bearing plate. The direction of the measuring points is perpendicular to the weak layer surface.

[0057] Based on the test data, obtain the pressure-deformation curve graphs of 15 measuring points, and compare with the typical test curve types to select the corresponding calculation principles.

[0058] According to the deformation modulus calculation formula and calculation principles, intercept the curve data and calculate the deformation modulus values of each measuring point correspondingly.

[0059] Statistically organize the 5 deformation modulus data corresponding to each type of weak layer zone (as shown in Table 1), calculate the average deformation modulus, and obtain the deformation modulus values corresponding to the weak layer zones. Subsequently, during the exploration of this project, the corresponding deformation modulus values can be inferred by identifying the types of weak layer zones.

[0060] Table 1 Statistics of the deformation test results of the weak layer zones

[0061]

[0062] The above is only the preferred embodiment of this application and is not used to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for testing deformation of a dislocation belt, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Classify the weak layer belts according to the engineering properties, and arrange a preset number of test points in each category of weak layer belts; 2) Carry out rigid pressure plate test and obtain test deformation curve; 3) Classify the deformation curves and establish the deformation modulus calculation principle for different curve types; 4) Calculate the deformation modulus value based on the test deformation curve obtained at each test point; 5) Perform statistical analysis based on the weak layer zone property classification and deformation modulus results to obtain the average deformation modulus corresponding to the weak layer zone type.

2. The method for testing the deformation of the sliding belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 3) comprises: According to the characteristics of the deformation curve, the deformation curve is divided into five types: A, B, C, D, and E. Type A is a straight line, type B is concave upward, type C is concave downward, type D is concave on a broken line, and type E is convex on a broken line. The deformation modulus calculation principles established for different curve types are as follows: Type A is calculated using a straight line segment, and its deformation modulus is close to a constant; Types B and C are calculated using a secant modulus; for Type D and E curves, the deformation modulus is calculated using a straight line segment under a larger test load.

3. The method for testing the deformation of the sliding belt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the step 4), the calculation of the deformation modulus value includes the following steps: The deformation curves obtained at each test point are compared, and according to the calculation principles of each type of deformation curve, the data segment is selected to calculate the deformation modulus. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, E is the deformation modulus (MPa), W is the total deformation of the rock surface (cm), P represents pressure (MPa), D is the diameter of the pressure plate (cm), and μ is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass. When calculating different types of curves, the above formula is adopted, but the selection principles of P and W corresponding to different types of curves are different.

4. The method for testing the deformation of the sliding belt according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step 5) specifically comprises the following steps: According to the deformation model results of each measuring point under the same weak layer type, the average value is calculated to obtain the average deformation modulus corresponding to each type of weak layer; According to the corresponding relationship between clay content and average deformation modulus, the main law of clay affecting deformation parameters is obtained, and this law is used to make analogical inferences in subsequent engineering surveys.

5. The method for testing the deformation of the sliding belt according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: In the step 2), the test instruments used in the rigid pressure plate test include a circular rigid pressure plate, a jack, a pressure gauge, and a deformation gauge. The maximum load of the test is 6-8Ma, and the pressure is applied in 5 levels by a step-by-step cycle method. During the test, a micrometer placed on the pressure plate was used to measure the rock deformation, the pressure and deformation data of each cycle of pressurization were recorded, and the pressure-deformation curve was drawn.

6. The method for testing the deformation of the sliding belt according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 1), the weak layer zone is classified into rock block and rock debris type, rock debris and mud type, mud and rock debris type and mud type according to the clay content, wherein the rock block and rock debris type has a clay content of less than 3%, the rock debris and mud type has a clay content of 3% to 10%, the mud and rock debris type has a clay content of 10% to 30%, and the mud type has a clay content of more than 30%; When arranging the test points, the number of test points arranged in each category of weak layer belt shall not be less than 4.

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