Visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of safety engineering, in particular to a visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device, which comprises a pendulum bob mechanism, a pendulum bob mechanism, a pendulum bob mechanism, a pendulum bob mechanism, a pendulum bob mechanism and a pendulum bob mechanism, wherein the pendulum bob mechanism is arranged on a support and is used for providing kinetic energy for friction observation; the friction mechanism is mounted on the bracket, is used for applying friction force to the energetic material and is driven by the pendulum bob mechanism; the pressurizing mechanism is installed on the support, and when the friction mechanism moves, forward pressure is applied to the energetic material; and the visual light path system is mounted on the bracket and is used for observing the explosion result of the energetic material in the friction state. According to the invention, process images of friction samples and combustion reaction expansion and data collected by a sensor can be analyzed, critical ignition time and work of different energetic materials are obtained and are used as friction sensitivity characterization quantities, and visualization and quantification of the invention are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of safety engineering, and particularly to a visual quantitative test device for friction sensitivity. Background Art

[0002] During the entire life cycle of energetic materials in research, development, storage, transportation, and use, "friction" is one of the most serious factors leading to accidents of explosives. Its evaluation index generally uses friction sensitivity, which refers to the ease with which an energetic material explodes or burns after being subjected to mechanical friction. The level of friction sensitivity is a key factor determining the safe use of energetic materials.

[0003] Traditional friction sensitivity test methods, such as the Kozlov friction pendulum and the BAM friction tester, although meeting the needs of safety assessment to a certain extent, are limited by the technical conditions at that time. These methods have many deficiencies in terms of test accuracy, operation convenience, and experimental condition control. For example, manual operation may lead to data errors, and it is difficult to ensure the consistency of test conditions. It can be seen that in the existing test methods at this stage, the manual judgment of explosion results is subjective, which may affect the repeatability and accuracy of test results; some test devices still rely on manual operation and recording, lacking automation and digital functions, and in the case of close-range observation, the safety of personnel must also be considered. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual quantitative test device for friction sensitivity to solve the above problems, analyze the process images of friction samples and combustion reaction propagation and the data collected by sensors, obtain the critical ignition time and work done of different energetic materials as friction sensitivity characterization quantities, and achieve the visualization and quantification of the invention.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A visual quantitative test device for friction sensitivity, comprising:

[0007] A pendulum mechanism, installed on a bracket, for providing kinetic energy for friction observation;

[0008] A friction mechanism, installed on the bracket, for applying frictional force to the energetic material and driven by the pendulum mechanism;

[0009] A pressurizing mechanism, installed on the bracket, for applying a positive pressure to the energetic material when the friction mechanism moves;

[0010] A visual light path system, installed on the bracket, for observing the explosion result of the energetic material in a friction state.

[0011] Preferably, the pendulum mechanism includes a pendulum, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the bracket;

[0012] An angle indicating mechanism, mounted on the bracket, for driving the pendulum to rotate a certain angle;

[0013] A pendulum release mechanism, mounted on the angle indicating mechanism, for releasing the pendulum to strike the driving end of the friction mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the angle indicating mechanism includes a dial plate, fixedly connected to the top surface of the bracket, for indicating the rotation angle of the pendulum;

[0015] A stepper motor, mounted on the top surface of the bracket, and the output shaft thereof passes through the center of the dial plate and is fixedly connected to one end of the pendulum;

[0016] A pneumatic device, mounted on the output shaft of the stepper motor, for locking and releasing the pendulum;

[0017] An indicating needle, mounted on the pendulum, rotates synchronously with the pendulum, and cooperates with the dial plate to indicate the rotation angle of the pendulum.

[0018] Preferably, the friction mechanism includes a tail stock, slidably arranged on the bracket, and the tail stock is horizontally slidably arranged;

[0019] An anvil, mounted on one end of the tail stock, and the pendulum strikes on the anvil;

[0020] A displacement sensor, mounted on the bracket for detecting the displacement of the tail stock;

[0021] A main slide plate, mounted on the other end of the tail stock;

[0022] Sapphire glass, mounted in the main slide plate, for providing frictional force for the energetic material;

[0023] A support, mounted on the bracket, for providing support and guidance for the main slide plate;

[0024] Preferably, the pressing mechanism includes an electric cylinder, vertically mounted on the bracket, and located below the sapphire glass;

[0025] A slide column sleeve, mounted on the bracket, and located above the electric cylinder;

[0026] A guide rod, vertically slidably arranged in the slide column sleeve;

[0027] A slide column, fixedly connected to the top end of the guide rod, for providing a downward pressure for the energetic material.

[0028] Preferably, the visual light path system includes a reflecting mirror disposed obliquely, mounted on the bracket, above the energetic material, for reflecting the image of the energetic material in a frictional state;

[0029] A supplementary light, mounted on the bracket, on one side of the reflection light path of the reflecting mirror;

[0030] A high-speed camera, mounted on the bracket, for photographing the image of the frictional state of the energetic material irradiated by the reflecting mirror.

[0031] Preferably, an anti-secondary impact mechanism is provided on one side of the pendulum. The anti-secondary impact mechanism includes a cylinder mounted on the bracket. The cylinder is horizontally disposed, and a rubber column is mounted on the movable end of the cylinder.

[0032] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0033] 1. The designed visual friction sensitivity quantitative test device in this technical solution is equipped with a variety of sensors, which can automatically record and analyze the process images of the friction sample and the combustion reaction propagation and the data collected by the sensors, and obtain the critical ignition time and work done and other friction sensitivity characterization quantities of different energetic materials.

[0034] 2. The designed anti-secondary impact mechanism in this technical solution can only impact once during the test, eliminating the possibility of secondary impact and making the test results more accurate and reliable.

[0035] 3. The designed friction scheme in this technical solution is that the pendulum impacts the friction mechanism, driving the sapphire glass to make relative sliding, and the sliding column does not generate displacement, making the friction process easy to observe.

[0036] 4. Sapphire glass and a reflecting mirror are installed at the friction position of the sample to form a visual path. The whole friction process can be observed. Description of the Drawings

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 Front view of the present invention

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the pendulum mechanism of the present invention

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the pressurizing mechanism of the present invention

[0041] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the visualization optical path system of the present invention

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the friction mechanism of the present invention

[0043] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the visualization optical path of the present invention.

[0044] Among them, 1. Pendulum mechanism; 2. Pressurizing mechanism; 3. Friction mechanism; 4. Base; 5. Support column; 6. Stepper motor; 7. Pneumatic device; 8. Pendulum; 9. Dial; 10. Anti-secondary impact mechanism; 11. Electric cylinder; 12. Guide rod; 13. Slide column; 14. Slide column sleeve; 15. Visualization optical path system; 16. Anvil; 17. Tail handle; 18. Displacement sensor; 19. Support; 20. Main slide plate; 21. Cylinder; 22. Rubber column; 23. Sapphire glass; 24. Reflector; 25. Supplementary light; 26. High-speed camera; 27. Pointer; 28. Pendulum arm. Specific embodiments

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a visualization friction sensitivity quantitative test device, including:

[0048] The pendulum mechanism 1, installed on the bracket, is used to provide kinetic energy for friction observation;

[0049] The friction mechanism 3, installed on the bracket, is used to apply frictional force to the energetic material and is driven by the pendulum mechanism 1;

[0050] The pressurizing mechanism 2, installed on the bracket, applies a positive pressure to the energetic material when the friction mechanism 3 moves;

[0051] The visualization optical path system 15, installed on the bracket, is used to observe the explosion result of the energetic material under the friction state.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the bracket includes a base 4, and a plurality of support columns 5 are installed on the top surface of the base 4. A tabletop is installed on the top surfaces of the plurality of support columns 5. The pendulum mechanism 1, the friction mechanism 3, the pressurizing mechanism 2, and the visualization optical path system 15 are all installed on the tabletop.

[0053] In a further optimized solution, the pendulum mechanism 1 includes a pendulum 8, which is rotatably installed at one end on the top surface of the bracket;

[0054] An angle indicating mechanism, which is installed on the bracket and is used to drive the pendulum 8 to rotate a certain angle;

[0055] A pendulum release mechanism, which is installed on the angle indicating mechanism and is used to release the pendulum 8 to hammer the driving end of the friction mechanism 3.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, a vertical support rod for installing the pendulum 8 is installed on one side of the top surface of the tabletop, and the pendulum 8 is rotatably installed at the top end of the vertical support rod.

[0057] In a further optimized solution, the angle indicating mechanism includes a dial 9, which is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bracket and is used to indicate the rotation angle of the pendulum 8;

[0058] A stepper motor 6, which is installed on the top surface of the bracket, and the output shaft passes through the center of the dial 9 and is fixedly connected to one end of the pendulum 8;

[0059] A pneumatic device 7, which is installed on the output shaft of the stepper motor 6 and is used to lock and release the pendulum 8;

[0060] An indicating needle 27, which is installed on the pendulum 8 and rotates synchronously with the pendulum 8, and cooperates with the dial 9 to indicate the rotation angle of the pendulum 8.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the stepper motor 6 is installed at the top end of the vertical support rod, the vertical support rod is installed on the top surface of the tabletop, the dial 9 is provided with scales and is also installed at the top end of the vertical support rod. The output shaft of the stepper motor 6 passes through the center of the dial 9 and then is connected to a pendulum arm 28. The end of the pendulum arm 28 far from the stepper motor 6 is connected to the pneumatic device 7. An indicating needle 27 is installed at the end of the pendulum arm 28 close to the stepper motor 6. A limiting hole is provided on the side wall of the pendulum arm 28. The pneumatic device 7 can be a cylinder. When the piston end of the cylinder extends into the limiting hole of the pendulum arm 28, the stepper motor 6 will drive the pendulum arm 28, the pneumatic device 7, and the indicating pendulum 8 to rotate together during the rotation process, so that the indicating pendulum 8 is lifted by a certain angle, storing a set amount of kinetic energy for the indicating pendulum 8. When the pneumatic device 7 contracts, the pneumatic device 7 and the pendulum arm 28 will be disengaged from each other, so that the indicating pendulum 8 can be released to hammer the friction mechanism 3 at a set height.

[0062] According to a further optimized solution, the friction mechanism 3 includes a tail handle 17, which is slidably arranged on the bracket, and the tail handle 17 is horizontally slidably arranged;

[0063] The anvil plate 16 is mounted on one end of the tail handle 17, and the pendulum 8 strikes the anvil plate 16;

[0064] A displacement sensor 18, mounted on the bracket, for detecting the displacement of the tail handle 17;

[0065] The main slide plate 20 is mounted on the other end of the tail handle 17;

[0066] Sapphire glass 23, installed in the main slide 20, used to provide friction for the energetic material;

[0067] A support 19, mounted on the bracket, is used to provide support and guidance for the main slide plate 20;

[0068] In a further optimized solution, the pressurizing mechanism 2 includes an electric cylinder 11, which is vertically mounted on a bracket and is located below the sapphire glass 23;

[0069] The sliding column sleeve 14 is installed on the bracket and is located above the electric cylinder 11;

[0070] The guide rod 12 is vertically slidably disposed in the sliding column sleeve 14;

[0071] The sliding column 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod 12 to provide downward pressure for the energetic material.

[0072] The sapphire glass 23 is in contact with the energetic material, and the sapphire glass 23 is light-transmissive. While providing friction for the energetic material, the friction state of the energetic material can also be observed through the visualized optical path system 15. The electric cylinder 11 is installed on the base 4 and can be extended and retracted. When the electric cylinder 11 is extended, it abuts against the guide rod 12. The guide rod 12 moves upward to support the sliding column 13. The sliding column sleeve 14 is installed on the table to provide vertical guidance for the guide rod 12 and the sliding column 13. The energetic material is placed on the sliding column 13. As the sliding column 13 moves upward, the energetic material contacts the bottom surface of the sapphire glass 23. The electric cylinder can be adjusted according to the actual test state.

[0073] 11's extension to provide different downforce.

[0074] In a further optimized solution, the visualization optical path system 15 includes an inclined reflector 24, which is mounted on a bracket and located above the energetic material, and is used to reflect the image of the energetic material in a friction state;

[0075] A fill light 25 is mounted on a bracket and is located on one side of the light path reflected by the reflector 24;

[0076] The high-speed camera 26 is mounted on a bracket and is used to take images of the friction state of the energetic material illuminated by the reflector 24 .

[0077] The angle of the reflector 24 is set to 45°. The reflector 24 is installed on a U-shaped frame. A clearance groove is provided on the bottom surface of the frame to provide space for the movement of the main slide plate 20.

[0078] To further optimize the solution, a secondary impact prevention mechanism 10 is provided on one side of the pendulum 8. The secondary impact prevention mechanism 10 includes a cylinder 21 installed on a bracket. The cylinder 21 is horizontally arranged, and a rubber column 22 is installed on the movable end of the cylinder 21.

[0079] According to the rising angle of the pendulum 8, the time when the pendulum 8 hits the anvil 16 after falling can be determined. Combined with the displacement sensor 18 detecting the displacement of the tail handle 17, the cylinder 21 can be controlled to extend, and the rubber column 22 can be used to support the pendulum 8 to prevent the pendulum 8 from hitting the anvil 16 for the second time, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0080] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0081] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device, characterized in that: include: A pendulum mechanism (1), mounted on a bracket, for providing kinetic energy for friction observation; a friction mechanism (3), mounted on the support, for applying friction force to the energetic material and driven by the pendulum mechanism (1); A pressurizing mechanism (2) is mounted on the bracket, and when the friction mechanism (3) moves, it applies positive pressure to the energetic material; The visualization optical path system (15) is installed on the bracket and is used to observe the explosion result of the energetic material under the friction state.

2. A visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pendulum mechanism (1) comprises a pendulum (8), one end of which is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the bracket; An angle indicating mechanism, mounted on the bracket, for driving the pendulum (8) to rotate a certain angle; A pendulum release mechanism is installed on the angle indicating mechanism and is used to release the pendulum (8) to hammer the driving end of the friction mechanism (3).

3. A visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle indicating mechanism comprises a dial (9) fixedly connected to the top surface of the bracket and used for indicating the rotation angle of the pendulum (8); A stepping motor (6) is mounted on the top surface of the bracket, and an output shaft thereof passes through the center of the dial (9) and is fixedly connected to one end of the pendulum (8); A pneumatic device (7), mounted on the output shaft of the stepper motor (6), for locking and releasing the pendulum (8); The indicating needle (27) is mounted on the pendulum (8), rotates synchronously with the pendulum (8), and cooperates with the dial (9) to indicate the rotation angle of the pendulum (8).

4. A visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The friction mechanism (3) comprises a tail handle (17) which is slidably arranged on the bracket, and the tail handle (17) is slidably arranged horizontally; an anvil plate (16) mounted on one end of the tail handle (17), and the pendulum (8) strikes the anvil plate (16); a displacement sensor (18), mounted on the bracket and used for detecting the displacement of the tail handle (17); A main slide plate (20) is mounted on the other end of the tail handle (17); A sapphire glass (23) installed in the main slide plate (20) for providing friction force for the energetic material; A support (19) is mounted on the bracket and is used to provide support and guidance for the main slide plate (20).

5. A visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism (2) comprises an electric cylinder (11) which is vertically mounted on the bracket and is located below the sapphire glass (23); A sliding column sleeve (14) is mounted on the bracket and is located above the electric cylinder (11); A guide rod (12) vertically slidably disposed in the sliding column sleeve (14); The sliding column (13) is fixedly connected to the top end of the guide rod (12) to provide downward pressure for the energetic material.

6. A visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visualization optical path system (15) comprises a tilted reflector (24), which is mounted on the bracket and located above the energetic material, and is used to reflect an image of the energetic material in a friction state; A fill light (25), mounted on the bracket and located on one side of the light path reflected by the reflector (24); A high-speed camera (26) is mounted on the bracket and is used to capture an image of the friction state of the energetic material illuminated by the reflector (24).

7. A visual friction sensitivity quantitative testing device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: A secondary impact prevention mechanism (10) is provided on one side of the pendulum (8), and the secondary impact prevention mechanism (10) comprises a cylinder (21) mounted on the bracket, the cylinder (21) is arranged horizontally, and a rubber column (22) is installed at the movable end of the cylinder (21).

Images